US903996A - Form for concrete construction. - Google Patents

Description

3 SHEETSSHEET. 1.

Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

u; M. MA-REAMJ.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2v, 1908.

l alo Winwm I G. M. MARKHAM. -FoRM PoR CONCRETE ooNsTRUoTloN.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 27,1908. Patented NOV. 17, I

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@ri 3 a@ 1 l 3k h 5 7 foo l 2 3. 1 l l \\\\\9- 3 .4. u1 |\1: 7 e M C. M. MARKHAM. FORM FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

Inl/anim" CHARLES M. MARKHAM, OF CHICAGQILLINOIS.

FORM Fon ooNoRETEfooNs'rRUc'rIoN.

No. 903,99@ l Speencation of Letters Patent. Patented Nov. 17, 1908.

Application filedA January 2,7, 1908. Serial No. 412,731.

To all whom 'it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES M. -MARK HAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, county ofy Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and use# ful Improvements vin Forms for Concrete Construction, of which the" following is a specification.

My invention relates to forms \for concrete construction.

In general practice, the forms used for concrete constructionare inade of Wood and the forms for eachcolumn and beam are -so constructed that the entire form must remain in place until the concrete'is sufficiently set to remove them.' The time the concrete must remain supported is set by law, and in some instances is as much as three weeks. It is evident therefore, that an immense quantity of lumber must be used in the construction of a building of any magnitude. Further a large percentage of the lumber used is broken in removing the form, unitting it for further use, and large quantities of lumber are needed to properly brace the forms, 'especially the columns, to maintain .any position'while being filled With the concrete.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved form for concrete construction which will require theuse of a much less quantity offlumber in the construction of a building than forms now employed.

A further object of my invention is to provide a knock down form for concrete construction, that is, a form which may be readily and quickly taken apart Without danger of splitting vor breaking the lumber of which it is composed. i

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

With these objects in view my 'invention consists generally in a form for concrete con struction comprising the form members proper in combination with ajplnrality Lf clamps or clamping members Jfor holding the form together, which are rcadily-de lnclmble to dismeniber the form. I

I `nrlhcr, my invention consists in a forli Yfor com-rete construction especially foi-the bemns, comprising lthe bottom supporting members and the side members, the latterv being removable after the concrete is setl in shape to be again used, and thev former bex ing permitted to remain to support the concrete until fully set.

Bly-invention further consists in various details of construction and arrangements of parts all as 'will be hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

My invention Will be more readily understood' by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this speciication and in which,

Figure l is a vertical transverse section through a form for concrete construction embodying my vinvention in its preferred form, the supportingand clamping meinbers being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a similar vieuT illustrating the side vmembers of the form partially removed, Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the form complete, Fig. fl is a side elevation of the supporting members arranged beneath a concrete beam, the side members of the forml being removed, Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of a form for a square column, Fig. 6 is aside elevation thereof arranged for an octagonal column, Fig. 7 is ahorizontal section through va form for an octagonalcolumn, and Fig. 8 is a vertical section through thebottom of the column form.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates they soon as the beam is sufiiciently set, leaving the member, 1, and its support, beneath the beamuntil fully set and self supporting.

To this end, I provide suitable clamps for holding the members, 2 in position. until ready to remove them.

The bottom member, 1`is supported at intervals by the vertical posts, 3 .formed of stout timber. Between the upper end Iofthe posts, 3 and the member,'1 are interposed blocks, 4,. the grain of Which runs transversely to that of the member, 1..A 'Secured to the upper end of the post, 3 isa' horizontally disposed -timbel',j5 suitably braced by the iangularly disposed members, Pivotally mounted' upon the tim-ber,or -cro ss 'member, 5 are the members, 7 Which'constitige a pair' of levers tothe upper ends of which are respectively secured theside members, 2.of the form. The members, 2 each comprise the side board, 2,'and the members 2, the latter of which constitute a small portion of the bottom of the form and are of. the saine thickness as the'v bottom member, l. The lower ends of themembers-,7 extend some distance below the cross member, 5 and between'said lower en ds is arranged a'block, 8 spiked or otherwise secured to the post, 3 or the braces, 6. Wedges, 9 driven between said block and ends of the members, 7 force' the sidemembers, 2 firmly into position with the edgesrof' the members, '2f impinging' firmly against the adjacent sides of the mem'- ber, 1*.' In order to bring the' members, 2'in perfect horizontal alinem'ent with the mem-v ber, l the double wedges, .10 are driven `between saidmembers and the cross timber.

The block, 4 is narrower than the bottom member, I and thewedges, 10 extend beneath boththe ymembers 2`and the edges of the member,1.- i 11 indicatesthe wooden beams for supporting the ioor form, 12 .and themselves supported by the vertical timbers', 13. The

i "beams, ,1 1 do; 'not 'approach closely' to the members, 2 in {order that the latter may be ipmoyed when'desired. Tosupport the end of the beamfadja'cent to the members, 2, a block, lll-isv interposed between" said? end alud the timbeizf' and a'wedge, 15, between the timberjandthe block affords means for jack in upthe beam.

enthegformis set up and tightened the concreteis'lled in. As soon as-the concrete in the be m form is sufficiently set toretain its shapethe side' members, 2 maybe removed 'and used again immediately. .To remove the side members, the wedges 9 and 10' are removed as are also the blocks, 14. Then the bolts, 16.by which the members, 7 are pivotally secured to the cross member, 5.are

removed.' The' side' members includingthe levers, 7 may then be removed. This leaves the member, 1 and the posts, 3, beneath the concrete beam to support the same .until -it is fully set and self supporting.

Itis obvious that with forms of this construction considerably less timber is necessary in constructing a building than -With forms of the usual construction.` Also,`that lthere is no loss of timber' from splitting or breakingin dismembering the forms:

The knock-down -feature of the form is l also applicable to those for the 4columns and ings'. The clampsfcniprise'a pair-of timbers', l

21 arranged uponopposite sides of the cols umn and connected by the bolts, 22, the ends of the timbers, 21 being provided with .the notches or slots, 23to receive the bolt. The pairs. of clamps are 'arranged at intervals throughout the length of the formand the clamps of each'jpair are arranged alternately as shown in the drawings, that is, the mem'- bers, 21 of one clamp are arranged at right anglesto thecorresponding members of the other clamp; When the octagonal form is employed triangular blocks, 24 are inserted between the corners of the clamp and the an`' gularly disposed members, 20, the blocks be- 30'- mg of sufficient` length to be engageby vboth clamps of the pair.

`In the method now? 'employed' for' con-v structing the columns large quantities of timber are necessary to brace the 'column forms. The upper end of the form is .secured to tliebea'm form and' it is to prevent displacement of the lower end that the braces are employed. I'l obvia'te the necessity for using the braces by forming a center for the column forni of concrete, which firmly holds the lower end of the form against displacement. This is illustrated in Fig. 8,125 indicating the' center.. .The center is formed in the proper location and of a shape corresponding tojthe `cross section of a column.' Itis however, made a triiie. smaller in diameter, that i'sl about 'one half inch. The column form'is placed above the center with its low-er edge about'A the' center. It is evident that if the center, 25 is rmly set, the

bottom of the form cannot be displaced.

When -it is desired to remove the form the bolts, 22 are-loosened r and knocked out of the notches, the form then readily separat-v ms- Having described my inventionwhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentjisr 1. A4 beam form'for concrete construction 110 comprising a bottom mer'n'ber"and` suitable supports therefor, in combinationwith side members pivotally connected to. said'sup- @ports .and wedges .for clamping 'the same f against vsaid bottom 'member,substantially 115` comprising the bottom member and. suitable' supports therefor, in. combination with4 side members, levers xedly .connected-Pto said'120 A beamy form -for concrete construction,

comprising 'a bottom member and suitable supports therefor, in combination' with. horizontally 4disposed member 4secured to each of said supports'. below said bottom 130 member, levers pivotally connected to said horizontal member, side members fixed to theupper ends of said levers, a block fixed tothe support. adjacent to thelower endsof said levers and Wedges arranged between said levers and said block, substantially'as described.

4. A beam form for concrete construction comprising a bottom member and suitable supports therefor in combination With a horizontally disposed member secured'to each of said supports and below said bottom member, levers pivotally connected to said horizontal member, side'members fixed to the upper ends of said levers, horizontally disposed strips xed to said levers and abutting the lower edges of said side members, said strips constituting portions of thebottom. means for operating said levers to plant Lin the sides in position,v und means interposed between 'said horizontal member and said bottom and bottom strips to bring the latter in alinement, substantially as described.

5. In a form for concrete construction a beam form comprisin a bottom member, supports for said mem er and side members pivotally and detachably connected thereto in combination with the floor form, beams supporting said form and means interposed between the ends of said beams and the beam form supports forsupporting the for- .mer when said side members are removed,

substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribingl witnesses.

CHAR-LES M. MARKHAM.

Witnesses l .Ion N Irvs' N,- Fie-wens E'. Snenui'.

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