US903262A - Apparatus for demonstrating the laws of elastic distortion. - Google Patents

Description

E. Ail-BRIGHT. APPARATUS FOR. DEMONSTRATING THE LAWS OF ELASTIC DISTORTION;

APPLICATION FILED APR. 8, 1908.

903,262' Patented Nov. 10,1908.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES ALBRIGHT, OF GOLUMB US, OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR DEMONBTRATING THE LAWS OF ELASTIC DISTORTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 10, 1908.

Application filed April 6, 1908. Serial No,-425,400.

To all whom it may concern:

Beat known that I, CHARLES E. ALsnIoHT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Clumbus,.l in the county of Franklin and ratio when a given stress is applied to said body and to produce other improvements which will be more fully pointed out hereinafter. These ob ects I accomplish in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved apparatus showing a. metallic bar in position for testing thereon, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the samefFig. 3 is asectional view on line m=m of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is an end view,

Fig. 5 is a detail section on line yy of Fig.

, 2, and, Fig. 6 is a detail view in perspective of one of the removable bearing blocks which I. employ in the manner hereinafter described.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

1 represents a suitable table having a horizontal to plate, from and above which is 4-0 supporte in a horizontal or substantially horizontal position, a board 2. This board has its underside near onev end bearing upon a suitable supporting bar 3, which rests upon the table top and at its opposite end said board is adjustably supported upona vertical adjusting screw 4, the lower end of whichis pivotally supported in a bearing plate 5 upon the table top and the upper threaded portion of which passes through a threaded opening in a plate (3 on the bottom of the bar 2 and extends loosely within an opening Tin said board.

The board 2 which forms the base of the support for the metallic bar or rod to be V 5 tested, is provided on its upper side and at each side of the center of its length with a and the objects of my.

plurality of transverse and parallel blocks 8, which result-tin the formation of transverse ways or recesses 9. I

10represents stop bars, one of which 15 secured upon the upper sides and rear portions of the blocks 8 of each group. at 11, I provide each end of the board 2 with an upwardly extending end plate.

12 represent bearing blocks, of which I employ two, these. bearing blocks being adapted to. be removably inserted into the ways 9. In the-construction of each of the bearing blocks, I recess the upper side and outer portion thereof in the manner indi- ,catcd at 12 in Fig. 6. The upper surface of the recessed portion is inclined laterally to form a. central comparatively sharp bearing edge and said recess is preferably of such length as to receive a bar of predetermined width, said bar being adapted to bear upon the central ridge of the recess.

' In order to accommodate or properly su port a bar of less width, I have provided the central portion of the recess 12 with a second or sub-recess 12, the upper surface of As indicated which is inclined to form a central ridge, as

shown, which is somewhat lower than the corresponding rid e of the main recess. The rear end of the block 12 has its up er side cut away as indicated at 12", thus ormiiig a transverse block shoulder 12". Of the two blocks thus constructed, one is adapted to be inserted in one of the ways or recesses 9 on one side of the center of the len th of the board 2 and the other is adapted to be inserted in asimilar manner in a correspondmg way or recess on the opposite side of the center of the length of said board. When thus inserted, it will be understood that the reduced rear end portions 12 of the blocks 12 will extend beneath the stop bars 10, while the shoulders 12 of said blocks-will gbut against the forward sides of said stop ars.

Depending forward edge portion of the table top 1 is an indicatorboard or plate 13,- the latter having indicated upon its fac-e a dial or circle 14 from which radiate suitable dial or graduation marks 15 which may represent units or fractions of units of any desired value.

vertically from the front or,-

.b ocks 1 2, the bodies of the latter having gab.

.135. d mu t on opposite si es of the .'nef erenee to said indicator points, the degree of deflection of thebar 21 from a straight line. It

body 24 is predetermined other weige .24 may 9 of thegrou s of-sai ways or recenter of the 2. s shown more clearly in Fig. 3 Off the drawing, the central portion of the bar 21 passes through and supportsa stirrudp -1ike hanger 22. The ban er 22 is a apted to have booked into a epending eye-piece thereof, the upper end of a flexible inelastic cord 23, this cord extending downward and given one or more wraps or coils about the groove of the pulley or wheel 18 from which the cord depends to a suitable point below the dial. I

' In-utilizing my invention, it will be understood that the indicator hand is normally at zero'or in the vertical osition indicated in 1 of the drawing, ut it is obvious that by booking into engagement with the lower vend ofvthe cord 23 a weight body such as is indicated at 24, of sulficlent weight to produce a downward deflection of the bar 21,

the partial rotation of the grooved wheel 18 imparted by the downward movement of the result in moving the indicator the ri ht and thereby indicatin by e dial graduations to w ich be understood that in order to measure definitely this deflection the weight of the and in completing the calculation the dimensions of the bar 21 are-taken into consideration' Asindicated by dotted lines in Fi 1 of thedrawing, it is obvious that as esired, t'bodies such. as that shown at detachabl ,connected vwith the weight body 24, there increasing the deflectlon of the bar 21 and moving the indicator hand a greater. distance from its normal position.

'By the means described, it will be seen that a method .is provided for readily indi- -.eq.ting th deflection of a metal body with a given st applied thereto. 7 --,It is well known that in case a metal body such as the" ar 21 is. bent or deflected be- .yond a cert limit, said bar when relieved of" stress removal of the weights from thecoi'd, 'will at once makebut a artial return, but that intime said bar" w1 move from its point of partial'return to its nor-.

mal pgs'itlon. 'It is evident pp lnserted in correspondin ways or re-' eration, the indicator hand will indicate the point of partial return, thereby showing in units or fractions thereof the elastic fatigue of the metallic body.

It is obvious that by withdrawing the bearing blocks 12 and insertin them in recesses 9 nearer the center of t e length of the board 2, hearin s will be provided for bars of less length than that shown. It will also be understood that the ways or. recesses 9 on one side of the center of the board, are arranged at set or measured distances from the ways on the op osite side of said board 2, so that the pre etermined distances between the bearing {edges of blocks 12, when inserted into corresponding recesses 9, shall be at a unit distance or at predetermined fractional parts of a unit distance apart.

In order to secure a zero reading or reading of the indicator, or to insure the vertical cposition of the indicator hand, as illustrate in Fig. 1, I have provided the adjustable supporting screw 4 by turnin which the board 2 may be raised or lowere thereby raising or lowering the bar to be tested and effecting the-desired movement of the indicator hand through the cord 23.

From the construction and operation described, it will be observed that simple, reliable and accurate means are provided for demonstrating the laws of elastic distortion of metal or other bodies.

What I claim, is:

1. In a device of the character set forth, the combination with a supporting frame comprising a base board and a series of pockets or ways on each side of the center of the length of said board, bearing blocks adapted to be removablly supported in the desired ones of said poc ets or ways, and a graduated dial supported below said supportin frame, of a grooved wheel pivoted centra y on said dial, an indicator hand carried by said wheel and 'a cord passing about said grooved wheel, the upper end of said cord being ada ted to be detachably connected witha b y supported upon said bearing blocks and the lower end of said cord being adapted to support one or more bodies of predetermined weight.

2. In a device 'of the character described, the combination with a supporting frame comprising a base board havlng a series of pockets or ways formed on each side of the center of its length, bearing blocks adapted to be inserted inisaid pockets or ways and to project therefrjgm, a vertically adjustable 'supportin screwnnder one end of said base board, an agraduated dial below said base board, of a grooved wheel journaled cen supported upon the proj ecting portions of $9.1 bearing blocks and the lower end of said cord adapted to support bodies of predetermined weight.

3. In a device of the character described,

the combination with a supporting frame- 5compr1s1ng a baseboard and a. series of ock'ets on each side of the center of the ength of said board, bearin blocks the inner portions of which are a apted to be inserted in the desired ones of said pockets,

10 each of said bearing blocks having the upper side of its outer portion recessed and said recessed surface being inclined laterally

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