US902970A

US902970A - Furnace.

Info

Publication number: US902970A
Application number: US35421507A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alfred H Kidney
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1907-01-26
Filing date: 1907-01-26
Publication date: 1908-11-03
Anticipated expiration: 1925-11-03

Description

A. H. KIDNEY.

PUBNAOE.

ArrLIoATIoH mam M128. 1907.

Patented Nov. 3, 19GBVs UNITED STATES ALFRED H. KIDNEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FURNACE specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

Application filed January 26, 1907. Serial No. 354,215.

To all 'who'm 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED H. KmNnY, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it. appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figurcs of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements iu furnaces in which oil and steam are used as fuel. It is well understood that in this class of furnaces, the efectiveness and economy are relatively proportionate to the number of heat units made available by Conversion into the gases, carbureted hydrogen and carbon monoxid.

The general practice in the use of oil and steam for heating purposes, especially for the purpose of heating furnace hearths or chambers, is as follows: The oil in cold state is more or less atomized, Within a tube which is closed at one end, by steam at ordinary pressure and temperature (wet steam), the said tube being fired at its Outlet, as a burner, producing a torch-like flame with imperfect local combustion. This flame, even when injected into the fire box, which becomes incidentally heated to sonic extent by the imperfect combustion, is only partially converted into gas which is usually consumed in the fire box instead of the furnace hearth, or chamber where most required. By this system there are great losses, arising from imperfect Conversion of oil and steam into their gases, with loss of a relative number of heat units, promoting refractory conditions by consequent by-production of aqueous vapors and carbon dioxid, which conditions are dcleterious to metallurgical Operations.

A large proportion of ores treated in these furnaces, contains sulfids, chlorids and bases; in the course of operation, sulfurons oxid from the sulfids and chlorin from the chlorids are developed, which in the presence of aqueous vapors form characteristic acids, which react upon the bases, forming salts of their kind, resulting in imperfect fusion and low extraction of metallic values.

The object of my invention is to provide means by which oil and steam are con verted into their gases, in a complete manner, thus making practically all the heat units available at the minimum cost, and producing dr r, intense heat, suitable for any operation. This I accomplish by structural additions and changes in and to the fire box section of the furnace, in which improvements provision is made for superheating the steam, heating the oil and regulating the temperature of the latter to prevent ciu'bonizatimi within the pipes.

The invention will now bo desci'ihed in (lctail reference being made to the accompanyingr drawing in which is illusirated an. embodiment thcrcof.

In this drawing, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section taken through a furnace equipped with my improven'lents. Fig. 9. is a similar section showing the fire box extremity of the furnace on a larger scale, the rotary member being partly broken away. Fig. 3 is a front end view of the furnace shown on the same scale as in Fig. Figs. 4A and 5 are sections taken on the lines Ii i and 5--5 respectivcly of Fig. 1.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in lall the views.

Let the nunicral 5 designate a fire box considered in its entirety; 6 a rotary hearth connected with the fire box at one extreniity.

and with a stationary support 7 at its opposite extrelnity, the connection being such in both cases that the member 0 is allowed to rotate freely When connected with suitable power. This health is provided with an exterior circumfercntial gear which may bo connected with any suitable power for rotal'- ing pur oses. The hearth G has the shape of the rustum of a cone whose larger extremity is toward the fire box. This hearth is provided with a'fire brick lining 9. The ore to be trcated is fed into the snialler end of the hearth through a hopper 10 connected with a chute 12 provided with a cut-off 13 adapted to open in response to the pressure of the ore. Hence when the apparatus is iu use, the material under treatment is traveling toward the fire box while the heat and combustible elements from the latter are travelin in the opposite direction.

ile my improved fire box construction is more especially intended for use for metallurgical purposes, it is evident that it may be employed in other relations or wherever it is desircd to produce a combustible gas by llO the union of oil and steam, thus making it practicable to carry the gas at a considerable distance from the fire box and thus prodnce the necessary degree of heat at a point remote therefrom. in a most advantageous manner.

lithin the fire box 5 is formed a` Converting chamber 14- communicating with the rotating hearth (i by Way of an opening 14a. The forward extremity of the chamber 14 is provided with an opening 15 into which protrudes a burner or more properly speaking a nozzle 16 n'ovided with a damper 17 for controlling t ie entrance of air from the atmosphere.V Hot oil is introduced to this nozzle from above by a vertically disposed pipe 18. and superheated steam from below by a vertir'ally disposed pipe 19. The oil which enters the nozzle is fed from any suitable Isource downwardly through a pipe 20 into a coil 21 iuclosed by a casing 22 located within a recess or cavity formed in the wall of the tire box above the Chamber 11. This casing 22 :is prefcrably composed of metal and is provided with dampers 24 in front through which atmospheric air lnay be admitted. said air being allowed to escape through an upright pipe 25 for purposes hereinafter explained. The coil 21 may be of any desired eomplcxity, the object being to raise the temperature of the oil to the desired degree by radiation and condnction from the surrounding wall of the converter 11. By this construction it becomes practicable to heat the oil to any extent` desired, care of course being taken to prevent carbonization of the oil within the pipes. In order to avoid any difliculty of this character. provision is made for introducing cold or atmospheric air to the casing 22, whereby the pipe coils may be maintained at the desired degree. More or less air may be admitted as may be required.

The steam employed may be supplied from any suitable source and passes downwardly through a pipe '26 a'nd thence through the front wall of the furnace into a` coil 27 inclosed by a casing 28 located within a` reress or chamber formed in the wall of the fire box below the chamber 14. After circulating through this chamber and becoming thoroughly superheated, the steam passes out of the coil. into the pipe 19 and thence into the nozzle 1G as heretofore explained. The two pipes 20 and ``2G are connected above the casing 22 by a pipe 27 provided with a` valve which normally closed. The pipe 26 is provided with two

valves

29 and 30 both of which are normally open. The pipe 26 as well as the coil 27, ('ommunicates with a depending pipe 31 provided with a valve 32 which is normally closed. The pipe 20 is provided with a norinally open valve 33 and the pipe 18 with a. normally open valve 34. The pipe 19 is provided with a normally open valve '35. The last named pipe communicates with a depending branch .pipe having a normally closed valve 37.

From the foregoing description the use and operation of my improved apparatus will be readily understood. Assuming that the fire box has received an initial firing, that is to say that the chamber 14 has attained a suitable degree of heat, by the introduction of oil and steam through the connections described, the oil While passing through the coil 21, becomes heated to a high degree. This may also be said of the steam while passing through the coil 27. The oil thus heated and brought into contaot with superheated steam in the nozzle or burner 1G, results in conditions most favorable for rapid and complete formation of the partially decomposed oil and steaml into their con'lbustible gases when injected into the highly heated area of the converting ('hambor 1-1, from which said gases pass continuously into the rotary hearth through the opening 11A. Only suliicient coinbustion is permitted within the chamber 14 to maintain the necessary heat for the generation of gas, superheating the steam and heating the oil as heretofore explained. The air for the general eombustion of the gas so formed. however, enters the lower part of the rotary hearth which is open as shown at 40, whereby the combustion of the principal pait of the gas is Within the hearth whereby the heat is made to act on the material under treatment in a most advantageous manner.

W'hen the apparatus is in use the valves 33. 29, 30, 3-1 and are open, While the

valves

28, 32 and 37 are closed. If it is desired to clean out the steam pipes or coils, the valve is closed and the valve 37 left open whereby the pipes or coils may be cleaned out through the depending pipe 26. If it is desired to clean out the coils 21, the valve 33 is closed and the valve 28 opened, whereby the steam is allowed to pass through the oil pipes or coils until the latter are thoroughly oleansed.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim is:

1. In a` furnace, the combination with a iire box` of two separate anxiliary chambers formed in the wall above and below the fire box and in such proximity to the chamber of the latter as to receive heat therefrom, pipes located in the auxiliary chambers, means for snpplying oil to the pipes in one auxiliary chamber and steam to the pipes in the other auxiliary chamber, and exterior connections between the pipes in both ehambers Whereby the oil and steam are brought together and injected into the fire box Chamber, substantially as described.

2. In a furnace, the combination with a fire box.I of individual horizontal chambers formed in the wall of the fire box in such proximity to the Chamber of the latter as to receive heat therefrom, pipes located in the respective ehambers, means for supplying oil to the pipes in one chamber and steam to the pipes in the other Chamber, a nozzle arranged to deliver fluid to the forward extremity of the fire box Chamber, the said nozzle protrnding exteriorly beyond the fire box'` exterior connections between the pipes within the two anxiliary chambers Whereb}r all the said pipes are connected.

3. The combination of a fire box provided With separate auxiliary horizontal ehambers formed in the walls thereof adjaeent the main Chamber of the fire box, an air outlet located in the rear of one of said auxiliary eliambers pipes located in the respective auxiliary chambers, means for supplying oil to the 'pipes within one chamber and steam to the pipes within the other i-hamber exterior connections with the pipes in both ehambers Whereby the oil and steam are brought together and introdneed into the main chamber of the fire box, and means for regulating the admission of air to the latter, substantially as described,

4. ln a furnace, the combination with a hearth, of a fire box having a main chamber communicating With the hearth, and auxiliary chambers arranwed in proximity to the main chamber and aapted to receive heat therefrom pipes located within both auxiliary ehambers` means for introducing oil to the pipes in one chamber and steam to the pipes in the other ehamber, exterior connections with the pipes in both chambers Whereby the hot oil from the ppes of one Chamber i made to mingle With the superheated steam from the pipes of the other Chamber, a nozzle with which the said connections communicate and in which the said mixture takes place` the said nozzle being arranged to discharge into the main Chamber of the fire box, means for introducing air into the main ehamber of the fire box in such quantity as to proiluce partial combustion of the i'nel elements introduced, and means for connerting all the pipes for Cleaning purposes. ln testimony whereof I aflix my signature in preaenee of two Witnesses.

ALFRFJ) ll. KIDNEY. W' itnesses:

.DnNA NnLsoN, A. J. OllnmN.