US901038A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

. H. A. POPPENHUSBN L J. HARRINGTON.

FUBNAGE. f APPLIoATIoN FILED MAY 25, 1901.

Patented oct.'13,1908.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' H. A. POPPENHUSEN & J. HARRINGTON.

A FURNAGE.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY 25, 1907.

\ Patented oct. 13,1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H. A. POPPENHUSEN J. HARRINGTON.

FURNAGE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25, 1907.

Patented Oct. 13,1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' UNrrED; eiinrus-v HERMAN A. POPPENHU-SEN, OF EVANS'ION, AND JOSEPH HAPtRINGTON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

F'URN'ACE.-

To all iulwm itmcy concern:

` Be it kncwnthat we', HERMAN A. PorPEN- HUSEN and JOSEPH HAnmNe'roN, citizens of the United States, and residents'of Evanston and Chicago, respectively, in the county of Cook and State off Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Im a Furnaces; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the aecompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which forma part of this specification. l I

This invention relates to improvements in furnaces of that kind provided with automatic` stoking devices, .or means by which fuel fed tothe furnace is continuously advanced or moved in a horizontallydis osed layer along or through the combustion c amber of the furnace during the yprogress of combustion.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described and pointed out` in the appended claims. y In the accompanying drawings ill-ustratin' our inventiom-'Fi -re 1 is a view in centra vertical section of t e furnace embodying one formof our invention. Fig. 2 is a detail ele.

vation of theA transverse fuel supporting plates atv the forward end of the furnace, as seen from the front of the furnace. Fig. 3 is a sectlonal view similar to Fig. '1 showing a modified form of construction of the parts front of the'furnace.

view showing three of the 'inc ned fuel sup' constituting our invention. Fi 4 is a de tail elevation of a portion of the'lnclinedfuel supportlng bars shown in Fig. 3, as seen from i y: 5 is adetail ortinlgibars and the actuating devices thereer. g. 6 is an exterior side view of the parts at the forward end ofthe device shown 1n 4Flg. 3. Fig. 7 is a detail plan section, taken on line 7-7 of Fig. 3-.-

As shown inthe accompanying drawings,

A designates the' top wall ofthe furnace, and'` B the bridge wall thereof. Y

C indicates a fuel hopper located on the front Wallof the furnace 11i-,connection with the fuel inlet or feed o ening. a thereof.

D indicates an `end ess` traveling or chain grate 'of that class which is moved or driven y suitable actuating devices in such mannenthat the upper lap ofthe rate moves inwardly or from the feed opening towards the Specification of Letters Patent. Application mea nay 26, 1907. serial No. 375,587.`v

ovemen-ts in Patented Oct. 13, 1908i.

bridge wall of the furnace; said upper lap being 'substantially horizonta-nl E indicates a boiler, sho in said figures as a water tube boiler, having a front header lEl and a plurality of water tubes e which ex*- tends downwardly and rearwardly from said header.

. F indicates a deflectin arch or' artitin tory material, which is built against the front wall A of the furnace above the feed openin to protect said frontfwall, and H' is an arc which extends rearwardly from the top of the wall Gand forms a rotection for the front rangedtoaffordspace for the assage of products of combinationl around t e forward their Way to the stack or exilt flue cf the furarch or artition F is inclined upwardly'and Af'orwa'r `y from its rear end at'which itis joined 'to' the bridge wall, but it need not necessarily be so inclined. At the forward end `of and above the chain grate D, in pesition toA receive the fuel dischar ed from the said inclined sup ort is formed by means Aofthree transverse y extendin inclined and overlapped metal plates I I1 2. Said plates arearranged with the upper edge ofthe uppermost plate I adjacent to the lower edge which extends from 'the ridge wa l B for-" space constitutes v nace.l As shown'in Figs. 1 and 3., the said feed hopper C is an-in'clined fue support ar-v inclined fuel lsupport is provided Awith means the top surface of the grate and joins the rear :header E f the boi er; said parts being ar- 80 edge of the saidfdeflecting partition F 'on of the bottom wall C1 of the feedhopper C, and with the lower edges of said upper plate I and the intermediate plate I1 overlapping the adjacent plates below them. The lower margins of said plates I I1 I2 are shown as deliected downwardlyso as to form a series of transversely extending ledges or shoulders in the sujportin surface formed by the said plates. aifd le es or shoulders constitute means to aid in preventing the layer of fuel restinglon the plate and moving downwardly over t e same becoming caked into a solid mass by the action of the heat to which it is subjected, as hereinafter set forth. The said plates I I1` I2 are movably supported in such manner that their lower edges may be oscillated or vibrated for thepurpose of aiding in the downward movement of the layer of coal and to prevent the caking of said layer. As shown 1n said Figs: 1 and 2, the said plates are attached to and supported upon horizontal rock-shafts J J1 J2 which are mounted in bearings at their ends and adordoscillatory supports for the individual plates. Devices are provided for giving oscillatory lmovement to said rock-shafts which` as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is constructed as follows: The intermediate rock-shaft J1 is provided with forwardly extending horizontal arms j j the outer ends of whichy are connected with u right rods jl which are attached at their ower ends to eccentricstraps 7'2 engaging eccentrics 7c lc mounted on a transversely arranged horizontal rotative shaft K. By the turning of said shaft K the eccentrics c lc act through the rods jl jl to give oscillatory movement to the arms j j which oscillatory movement is transmitted to the rock-shaft I1 and the fuel supporting plate I2-attached to said rock-shaft.

rock-shaft J2 and the lowermost supporting plate I2 by connections between t e rockshafts J1 and J2, consisting, in the instance shown, of ri id, radial arms 7'3 jf on said rockshafts, whic arms are connected with each other by means of connecting rods or links 7'5 i5. In the construction shown in the drawing7 the uppermost rock-shaft J and the supporting p ate I are not directly moved or actuated but a certain amount of oscillatory movement is given thereto by reason of c ontact of the lower edge of said plate I with the upper portion of the oscillating plate I1L on winch 1t rests.-

.From the construction described in the plates III1 I2 it will be/seen that the lower margins of said plates are given a vibrato or shaking movement tending to aid or facilitate the downward movement of the layer of coal resting thereon. It will also be observedthat the presence of the transverse ledges or shoulders formed by the lower marginal arts of said plates in connection with the vi ratory movement given to said lower- Oscillatory movement is given to the lowermost chain grate.

most margins lof the plates will have the effect of agitating the downwardly moving layer of fuel resting on said plates, iu such manner as to break up the same or prevent it becoming solidified into a continuous mass by the action of the coking heat to which it is subjected and that the breaking up or disintegration of the mass takes place without disturbing the layer to such extent as to result in the turning over, mixing u or the imparting of a rolling motion to t e fragments of the mass.

-In the operation of the fuel supporting means consisting of the supporting plates I I1 I2 and the horizontal traveling grate l), fuel will be fed from the feed ho )per C in a layer of uniform thickness and t 1c layer of fuel thus discharged u on the inclined su porting surface forme by said plates will rest thereon with its vsurface inclined substantially at the natural angle of repose of the coal under the action of gravity; the mass or layerron said supporting surface bei-nfy sustained thereon by the contact of the ower part of said layer with the traveling grate which, in its rearward movement carries rearwardly the coal from the lower part of said inclined layer, thereby permitting the latter to descend or slide downwardly along or over said inclined surface at a rate of speed depending upon the rate of travel of t e chain grate. he gaseous products of combustion arising from the burning of the fuel u on the chain grate, rise into contact with the deflectin wall or partition F and by the latter are de ected forward toward the front of the furnace and against the surface of the layer of coal resting upon the said supporting plates I I1 I2' and thereafter pass-upwardly around the forward edge of said arch or partition. 'The'products of combustion being highly heated operate by their contact with the layer of coal resting on said inclined supporting surface to effect a preliminary heating or coking operation by which the volatile constituents of coal are driven off, and .the coal is prepared for burning of its less volatile constituents as soon as it reaches the chain grate, through which air is supplied to eect combustion. The said inclined supporting surface is substantially without airy inlet openings, so that it is in effect non-aerating; the coking of the coal thereon being effected solely by the heat transmittedto the upper surface thereof from the heated products of combustion, and no air being admitted to the layer of fuel until after the latter passes from said supporting surface to thc The gaseous products of combustion distilled from the coal on said inclined surface will be mixed with and ignited by the highly heated products'of combustion arisin' from the burning fuel on the grate, and with said hi hly heated products of combustion will be deflected forwardly and pass upwardly around the front end'of the deflecting arch or partition. n the case of. biturnlnous or semi-bituminous coal theA reliminary heating or coking operation Wilresult i 5. in a tendency to solidlfy thel mass, or'layerl of the coal or the cohesion 'of its particles to form a solid mass is, however, prevented through the disturbance or agitation thereof i5 resulting from the'. movemcntdownwardly over the transverse shoulders 'or ledges hereinbefore referred' to and also ,byl the shakingA or vlbratory movement given to the lower edges of' said platesl l1 l, so that when the` layer of coal reaches andis deposited upon fthechain girate it is broken into-fragments and is therefore prepared for the rapid combus-tion thereofI4 as soon. as it reaches the chain grate; its fragmentary condition permitting the free passage therethrough of air for supporting combustion. j' In the mod'fied vconstructicnr of the inclined supportingsurface illustrated in Figs. '3 to 7, sar' lsurface is formed bya plurality of parallel., downward-ly and lnearwal-dly ined at their upper-ends upon a transverse V orizontal pivot rod L3, and having their lower ends terminating adj acent` to and' above-the top surface ofthe chain grate-pl). The bars L are fixed or staticna being sup orted in position by rigid armsrthereon, W ich bear against a horizontal, transversegirder L4 extending across the front of the furnace below the feed hop er. A are arrange'l in alternation with the fixed bars L, are adapted to swing or oscillate at their lower ends. The bars L1 have movement upwardly .from the plane of the fixed bars L while the bars L'lz 'have movement downwardly from said plane. Provision is made for gfving vibratory movement to the lower ends of saidl bars L1 `and L2' consisting of a. horizontal rock-shaft M provided With oppositelyr4 extending, rigid. .arms m m1 one for cach of thebars L? and L2. Each arm m isA connected with one-ofthe bars L2 by means of aconnectingrod Mt and cacho-fthe amisml is connected With oneof the bars L?. by a connecting rod M2; with this construction when the rock-shaft M is rocked altern'ateoscillatory movement is given to the two sets'V .ofbars LPL? in such manner that the 'bars L1.' rise above the bars v-L and the bars L.2'-dsscend' below 'said bars L, with the result of agitatingthelayer."l offuel resting on, the inclinedsurface 'formed' bythe several.

bars and thereby preventing the caking of the. same, Without otherwise disturbing said layer, as before described, in the case of the` www clinedr, narrow plates or bars L L1 Lz sup ort- The barsl..1L and L? which construction shown Figs. 1 and 2. The. I rock-shaft M may be given oscillatory movement from a rotative shaft N bv means of an 'eccentric Nlon said shaft, and an eccentric rod N2 'which' is 4ivotally .connected With a bloc-km, mounte ona rigid arm M3 affixed 'to one. end of the rock-shaft M; said block` n" being adjustably mounted "on said'arin M3,

so as to provide for adjustment of the extent of rocking movement in the rock-shaft.

lBy" the emplo ment in a furnace of the parts or features `lierein set forth, namely, an endless traveling .or chain grate. having a substantially horizontal fuel su porting surface, an. inclined fuel support Ilietwcenwthe feed 'hopper and theforward end of said chain grate provided -With means for agitatingthe layer ofv fuel resting thereon in such manner as to prevent the same becoming solidified into a solid cake or mass by the s coki'ng operation, and from the'lower end of Which the coal is removed and carried rearwardly by and upon the chain/grate; a substantially horizontal arch `or partition extending from therear end of the chain grate forwardly over the same and terminating adjacent 4to the said inclined fuel support at the forward end of the furnace so as to deflect substantially all of the highly heated gaseous .products yof combustion toward or against the/incomin la er of fresh fuel resting on said inclined fuelsup ort and effect the mixture of the said hig ily. heated products of combustion With the gaseous'products distilled from such fresh fuel, advantages in 100 operation are obtained and improved results arise which are not sccuredin furnaces hereytofore constructed and which may be understood from the following: In the operation of the furnace constructedv as hereinbefore set forth, the layer of coal resting u on the inclined supporting surface at the olf-- Ward end of the furnace is subjected to? a distillingior coking operation by whichl the volatile constituents ofthe coal are driveny off, and. said volatile constituents., being immediatelyg brought into contact or mixed with the highly heated roducts of combustion which are deiecte( forwardly over the layer of coal on said inclined supporting sur- 1 15 face b the deiiecting arch or partition, are entire y burned or consumed. The agitation to Which said layer of coal resting upon the said inclined su porting surface is subjected continuously )reaks up. the said layer during the process of distillation, so that it reaches thcfsurface of the traveling chain grate in a fragmentary condition, thereby .permitting the free passage of the air therefthrough to effect rapid and complete com- 1.25

bustion thereof. After the lower layer of coal reaches the chain grate Iit moves roar- Wardly thereon Without disturbance of agitatin until completely consumed.

One important advantage arising from the 1 being brought to the top o particular arrangement er ccinbination y`fif the parts described, is that of the avoidance or formation of clinkers during the progress Vf fr: bustien of the layer cf fusi through the This result arises from the fact t ia there no disturbance or agitation of tli., layer of fuel, when upon the inclined supporting surface or upon the chain grate, such would result in the lower art of the layer fp such layer and subjeztcd to the high heat within the interior of the furnace. It will be understood in s ccnnecticn hat the formation of clinkers usually arises lfrom the lower parts of the layer of fuel resting on a grate being brought to the tcp of said layer when nearly consumed oi'l reducedto ashes with the' result that the incombustible constituents of the ashes are fused and clinkersare produced. In a furnace made and operating as hereinbefore described, the layei1 of fresh fuel is broken up while being subjected to the preliminary coking operation on the inclined supporting surface and before such layer of f5 the fuel reaches the point at which ccmbustion takes place, so that after the layer reaches the chain grate, no further disturbanceor agitation of the layer is required in order to permit the free passage of air therethrough. Moreover, there is nc'brciuiing up or rolling over of the coal while resting u on the inclined surface, such as would ten to the production of clinliers, it being manifest that if the layer on the inclined surface be nuity stirred up7 but only broken freiem 5, the surface portion thereof, which is first coked fai combustion, will remain at the top of the li; i e:l an the chain grate` While the lower part of said layer, which is less nearly rrepared for combustion, will first receive t e action of the air on reaching the grate The coking action will have extended through the entire thickness of the layer on the inclined supporting surface by the .i time the said layer reaches the bottom of the same and reaches the chain grate, and such layer `will then be thoroughly prepared fff combustion without the formation of clinkers, because its lower portion which has been least subjected te the coking operation will be more lireetiy acted u cn by the incoming air to effect combustion t ereof, while the upper lpart of the laj-g'jer, having been more thorly celied, will be in readiness for burnyh the relatively smaller supply of a ii f lm Another important advantfig the can-struction described th crease of igniting effect arisin i ter preparation of the fuel for ignition and complete combustion. This is due to the the heated gaseous products of combustion from the entire layer of fuel. cn the zfnionaal grate surface are deflected forwardly against the layer of coal irsling upon the inclined sup orting surface, thereby giving increased co ring eec :nwwn'i'liiig ik (he incre-:isc of fuel fed into the furnace` ln prior @instructions in which an igniting arrh is located ogrer the forward cnil of a traveling chain grs c inew e has been no increase of coking effect upon an increase of the amount oi fuel fed to the furnace, because the ignition 15 arch is heated only by the heat radiated from the forward par: t ef the layer Hf burning fuel en the lgrate and there is therefore no more heat transmitted from the ignition arch to the greater amount of incoming fresh fuel when the feed is rapid than to the lesser amount of incoming fresh coal when the fced .is slow. Manifestly, in the operation of a furnace made as described, the increase in the rate of feed will result in a'larger quan- 85 tity of fuel being burned upon the chain grate and the heat resulting from the conibustion of such larger quantity of fuel will produce an increased heating eect upon the incoming fuel substantially corresponding to the increase in the rate of feed.

Another advantage gained by the construction of the furnace embodying our invention may be understood from the followfuel resting upon the grate is in rch thinner at the wir esci of said grate than at the front end thereof, so that ther* is liess .fwsis ance to the ngi# of air ',hrough the layer at the rear than at the fr-int end of the grate. As a ccnsequence then ill usually bc an ox cess of air supply to the iu i at the rear porticn, and a deficiency of such air supply at the front portion, of the gr te Whin an ignition arch is employer-,ii at the forward i-i'id of the chain grate and the gn .icons products of combustion rise from the .fuel ou the grate between the rear margin of said ignition arch and the bridge wall of the furnace, the oints of deficiency and excess in air supp y are widely separated, and the gases centainiiig excess oxygen entering ihe space above the g; Le at the rear portion thereof,`may not become mixed with that containing a deficiency of oxygen rising from the forward 115 part of he grate to such extent as toy produce complete combustion before the heated roducts of combustion roach the region of owei temperature which is ali-rai i found adjacent to the boiler tubes cr other surfaces 120 of Mereever, :is thi`A ci; las of air 'i' fe increases,

A Jfarily desich excess o y and detemperature may prevail to such i115 as to prevent any combustion even if mixture with the ases from the forward part ofhthe furnace ta es place. In the furnace made as hereinbefore set forth, air passinu through the thinner portion of the layer o 130 ,y products of combustion-'reach the region of fuel at the rear end of the grate and containing an excess ofv oxygen is deflected fore wardly by and highly heated in its passage beneath, the horizontal partition or deflecting arch, and, at the forward end of the furower temperature at the upper part of the furnace.

n set forth, moreover, the direction of movementof the heated products of combustion,

'beings towards the front of the grate,- is against the direction of fuel feed..with.the

result that the combustion of lsaid fuel is aided by the action thereon ofheat from said products of combustion and does not depend l solely upon the transmission of heat from the burning to the unburned fuel through the fuel itself, but the incoming fresh fuel is heated by the said products of combustion from the rear part of the furnace containing excess air at a high temperature to such extent, before it reaches the chain grate, vthat combustion of said fresh-fuel takes place as rapidly as said fresh fuel reaches the grate..

We are aware that a ,deilecting arch or partition adapted to direct the products of combustion in a furnace forwardly towards a layer of coal resting u on an inclined fuel support at the forwar end of the furnace,-

has heretofore been used, and that a similarly acting deflecting arch or partition has Y been employed in connection with the chain v the layer of fuel resting thereon, and in w grate but'without any supportin vsurface on ywhich the fuel is sustained Vor he d during a preliminary coking operation. We vbelieve to be novel, however, a constructlon 1n which there is combined a horizontally arranged' traveling chain. grate, .a substantially horizontal deflecting arti'tion or arch arranged to deflect the pro ucts of combustion toward the forward/end of the furnace, and an inclined support adapted to ysustain a layer of fuel during 'a reliminarydistilling or coking operation an which is provided with means forV continuously agitatmg and breakingup c the layer of coked coal is transferred from said inclined surface to the chain 'grate and moves rearwardly thereon without disturbance or agitation, this constructlon and arrangement of parts producing results dis- InE the construction hereinbefore is corr heretofore ob- -ingfrom the rear end yof the furnace forwardly over said grate, to a point near the forward end of the grate, and an inclined, non-aerating fuel support at the forward end of the grate adapted to sustain a layer' of fuel during a preliminary coking operation, and

for the downward movement of said layer.

thereover by the action of gravity to the forwardv end of the grate, said fuel support, embracing fuel agitating means adapted to maintain the coal in'said layer in a fragmentary condition withoutstirring or mixing the same during the coking operation.

2. In a furnace, the combination with a traveling grate having a substantially horizontal fuel supporting surface, a deflecting partition extending from the rear end of the furnace forwardly over said grate, and an inclined, non-aerating fuel support at the front of the furnace adapted to sustain thereon a layer of fuel duringa preliminary coking 0peration, and forthe downward movement of said layer 'of fuel thereover by the action of gravity, said support embracing a plurality ofvibrating plates forming agitating means by which the coal in said layer is maintained in a fragmentary condition without stirring or mixing the same, during the coking opera-l tion.

3. A furnace provided with a traveling grate, al deflectin partition extending from the rear end of t e furnace forwardly over said grate and an inclined non-aerating fuel support at the forward end of said grate,said

support consisting of a plurality of transverse, horizontal, overlapping, inclined, pivotally supported plates formed to .provide transverse ledges or shoulders in said inclined support, and means for giving oscillatory motion to said plates.

In testimony, that we claim the foregoing as our invention we affix our signatures in the pesence of two witnesses, this 17th day of ay A. D. 1907.

HERMAN A. POPPENHUSEN. JOSEPH HARRINGHIQN.v Witnesses: C. CLARENCE POOLE', T. H. ALrRnDs.

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