US900966A - Centrifugal pump. - Google Patents

Description

' l G. SULZER;

TRIFUGAL PUMP. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 9, 1905.

900,966. Patented oct; 13, A1908.

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G. SULZBR. GENTRIFUGAL PUMP. APPLICATION FILED DBC.9,19`0'5 Patented Oct. 13, 1908.

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G.' SULZBR. GENTBII'UGAL PUMP. APPLICATION 'FILBD DEO. 9, 1905.

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Ji ZZo hugs I G. s'ULzEB. GENTRIFUGAL PUMP. APRLIOATION FILED DBO. 9,1906. 1

lia 900,966- PatentedV omh 13, 190s.

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'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORG SULZER, F BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 'lO BUFFALO FORGE COMPANY, OF

BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

Specification of Letters Yatent. I

CE NTRIFUGAL PUMP.

Patented Oct. 13, 1908.

Appunti@ fumi December e, isos. seria No. 291,005.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Beit known that I, Grone SULzn-n, a citizen of the Swiss Re ublic, residing at Buf `falo,'in the county o Erie and State of New York, have'invented a new and useful Improvement in Centrifugal Pumps, of which the following a specification. l

This invention relatesl moi'e particularly to centrifugal unips of the multiple stage type in which a p urality of impellers are a rrange side by side to rotate together and are so constructed, arranged and vconnected by water ways that the water is drawn into the inlet at the center of the first inipeller from the suction pipe'and after being thrown out from the peripheral discharge orifices of this iinpeller is returned to the inlet of the next impeller, being tlius passed through all of the impellers in succession, whereby the water pressure is built up in proportion to the. number of impellers employed.

` Certain features of the invention, however, notably the packing Irings for the `joints between the impellers and stationary partsl of the pump, are not restricted to multiple Stage pumps, but `are applicable in other machines. I

' VOne of theprincipal objects of the ihrention is to so arrange the water ways in a balanced piston multiple stage pump that the water is .passed through the pum with the fewest changes of direction and by the shortest course consistent with gradual easy turns in the water assages, whereby the in* terna] friction an leakage are reduced to the minimum and the eliciency of the pump increased.

Other objects of the invention arc to so construct and arrun e the casing, impellci-s,

diffusing rings, and isks separating thc inn 11ers and forminor the return passages,

that. all of the impelliirs, rings and disks can be assembled on t ie iinpeller shaft outside of the caslng and can be inserted into and rc-V movcd from the casing as an cnt-ity andl with-- `out disturbing the pipe connections of the pump; to forni the casing and rcn'ioiable parts so that the latter can he placed in and removed from the former more quickly and with less exertion duin heretofore; and to provide an eflicient, )ractical and durable means for mcking the joints between the rotary inipelleraand stationary parts of the pump.

, Other objects of the `invention will appear from the followingdeseription.

In the accompanying drawings, consistin of flive sheets: Figure 1 is a longitudina sectional elevation of a multiple stage balanced piston cent-rifa al pump embodyin the invention, taken in ilie 1 1, Fig. 2. Fi v. 2 is a transversepsectional. elevation thereof, on an enlarged scalein line 2--2, Fig-1. F iv. B is a transverse section thereof, on an enlirged scale, in line 33, Fig. 1.' Fig. 4 is a transverse section thereof, on an enlarged scale, in line 4.-4, Fig. 1. Fig'. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional elevation thereof, on an enlarged scale, in line 5 5 indicated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary section in line (i 6, Fig. 5, showing thc packingring in elevation. Fig. .T a section of the packing ring, on an enlarged scale, in line 7--7, Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation of the pump shell.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

multiple stage centrifugal pump, B B' BL' and B:i the rotary inipellers which are mounted to'rotate together on a sha-ft C.

Preferably thc pump casing consists of a hollow shell or body, one end of which is closed by a` head A' removably secured to the shell by bolts a or other means, and in the construction shown in the drawings a removable head .V is also provided for the other cud otithe casing, and the shell is mounted on or provided with a suitable hase o. The head .V isprovided with an annular suction chamber .ff and a communirating connection o for the suction pipe (not shown), and the shell is provided near its opposite head with a discharge pipe or connection o4.

The impellers are ol ordinary form, conaisting of hollow circular bodies provided at. one side with central annular suction or inlet openings` Fig. 5, and with eripheral discharge orifices, and having t ie usual internal inipelling yvanos or 'blades b', Fig. 2. The impellers are mounted in pairs` on the shaft (l with thc iinpellers of' each pair arranged oppositely, or with their suction openings at. their far sides and facing in opposite directions, so that-the water presl sure will be in opposite directions on the l two imlwllf-,rs and thereby in large measure A represents the casinor or c linder of a balance the end thrust on the impeller shaft. A four-stage pump, having two pairs of impellers thus arranged, is shown in the drawings but the invention is equally applicabley to pumps of two, six or any other even number of stages. through central shaft openings in the heads A Ae of the casing and is joiirnaled at its opposite ends in bearings D D"of any usual 1o or suitable construction. The bearing D is shown as supported by a standard fixed on the base a .of the bearing- Dl is pre erably secured by ad bracket or arm d to the removable head A take care of the wa of the casing at the pump so that said hea with vthe impellers and other removable parts of the pump, to be hereinafter described, can be removed from the casing withut separately removing the shaft bearing wise connected to the shaft C to tui'n therewith and they are removably secured against l eiidwi'se movement on the shaft between gs e and e by a clamping sleeve e2 which is screwed on a threaded portion yof the shaft. 'The bushing e abuts against a shoulder e on the shaft. pellers are spaced apart by a bushing c* interposed between the hubsof the adjacent impellers of the pairs land the bodies of the` two impellers of each pair are held apart the necessary distance by the their h disks F are arranged between theimpellers of each pair and stationary walls or disks F' F2 are arranged respectively between the: pairs of impellers and between the last impeller B3 and the head A at the pressure 40 side of the pump. The disks F that is they have no water passages, while the disk F is hollow, forming return passages f for the impeller B of one pair and return passages f for the impeller B2 of the next pair, and the disk F2 is provided with vreturn passages f for the last impeller..

(lr represents stationary diffusing rings. As usual, one of these diffusing rings surrounds eacli impeller between the same and 25 bushin the shell, forming a ruiming joint with the impeller, and is which expand or increase in width from the inner edge of the ring to the outer edge` .thereof to reduce the velocity of the water forced out through them by the impeller. The restricted inner ends of' the passages of the several diffusing rings are directly opposite tothe peripheral discharge orifices of the inipellei's and their enlarged ends are disposed opposite to and communicate directly with surrounding annular chambers Il H H2 Il formed in the shell A of the casing.' longitudinal canals la, Figs. 1. 2, 3 and 8,

66 'which c onnect at one end with the shell chambers H H? opposite the first impeller` vof each pair and have inturnedendsdirectly opposite the return passages f in the parti- .tion disks for the other impeller of each.

pair. `In the pump illustrated there are four 70 of these canals /i for each shell chamber H and H2 disposed at equal distancesaround' the shell and four return passages f com-k municating therewith are provided in eachv .disk F and F2. The particular number of canals and return passages is immaterial, however, it being only essential that the. canals be sufficient in number and size to ter discharged by each iinpeller. The canals i 'extend into or throuoh 80 the other shell chambers H and Hil and t e spaces left in these chambers between the canals k afford direct communications bev tween the diffusing ring for the second impeller of one pair and the return passages or g5 chambers f leading to the suction ofthe first impeller of the next pair.

By reason of the described arrangement ofthe canalsA and intermediate spaces con- The impeller shaft passes ump, while the otherressure side of the and shaft, together The impellers are keyed or otheriiecting the shell chambers and return pas- 9o sages the water passes by a very short and direct course, and with only one change of direction from the diffusing ring of one impeller to the suction inlet of the next -impeller. The water from one impeller of a pair passes around 01: outside o the coinpanion impeller and diffusing ring, and the two impellers of each pair can be located close together without necessitating the water tovmake sudden and sharp changes of direction.

The most eflicient multiple stage pump is, that in which the water has the shortest and iiiost direct course from the suction pipe to A the discharge pipe, and many attempts have been made to shorten the water courses and free them from angles and turns, but it has been a mattei' of difficulty to secure these results and at the same time produce a multiple stage balanced piston pump ot' compact 110 construction. In nearest approaches to thev construction described of which I am aware,

the water describes a compound or S cur\'e in its passage from one impeller to the next of a balanced pair, in one known instance passing out through the diffusing passages of the diffusiii ring and then turning back and laterally tirough holes in the diffusing ring and then making another turn in enter- 'ing the return passage to the companion 120 impeller. In another `instance, the water passes from the diffusing ring of one nnpeller through a s ace between the impellers before entering t ie return passage of the' companion impeller, describing a compound curve between the diffusing ring and return passage. As everychange of direction adds to-the friction and leakage, the short direct water courses produced by this invention greatly increase the efficiency of the pump. v

The pairs of imengagement of ubs. Stationary partition walls or are solid,

provided with passages g The shell is also provided with The discharge pipe a4 together. The iiiipel clamped together lot" the shell with little exertion.

of the pump leads from the last annular shell chamber H.- The several diffusing rings and stationary disks which separate the impellers of each pair and form the return passages are and to the removable head A' of the casing by long bolts I, Figs. 1-4, which pass throu h the several parts and are provided wit nuts i at their ends. These bolts are distinct from the bolts a which secure the` head A to the shell and are onl for holdin the removable parts ers, disks and diffusing rin can-al1 be assembled on the shaft .C wit i the headA outside of the casing shell and then slipped into the shell and the head A secured in place by means of its bolts a. As the bearing D for the shaft is attached to the removable head A it is only necessary, in order to remove the several parts from the shell, to remove the bolts a and pull' the head A with the shaft'and parts carried therebyout of the shell.

The diffusing rings und stationary disks or walls are `fitted to and rest in annular seats le formedon the walls of the shell which separate the annular wat/er chambers, and the removable head A fits in an annular seat le at the end of the shell. To further facilitate the insertion and removal of the assembled parts into and .from the shell, each seat in the shell for the rings, disks and removable head is slightly smaller in diameter than the next seat toward t-lie rem'ovable head, the seat for the diffusing ring at one end of the shell being smallest and the seat for the removable head at t-lie opposite end o'f the shell heilig largest. The difference in 'diameters of the seats k Ic' is small and is best indicated by comparing the distances of the several seats from the broken line X, F ig. 8, which is coincident with the seat Inv for the head` A. On account of the difference in the diameters of the seats'in the shell the parts can be movedlinto tlie shell freely and without pressure, until each ring and disk and the removable head reaches its particular seat, after which acomparatively short movement of the parts by pressure on the removable head will force all of the parts into -tlicir seats. A similar short movement of the parts will free all of them from their seats and permit them to be then pulled out Screws l, Fig. 1, working in threaded holes in the head A of` the casing and abutting against the adjacent diffusing ring are preferably employed for thus starting the parts from their seats.

Toinsure the fitting of the diffusing rings and stationary disks in their several seats in the shell, the several diffusing rings are fitted to annular shoulders mon the head A2 of the casing and on the hollow disks F and F2 .and the diffusing rings have annular ring is, therefore, ring will last for a long period before the. 110

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shoulders fm. fitted to cooperating shoulders on the other stationary the hollow disk F2 at the pressure side of the pump and the removable hea-d A' have fitting s oulders m2. Thus the disks and diffusing rings can be accurately centered when assembled and will properly fit when inserted in the shell.

disks F; Likewise V Leakage at the joints between the hubs of the impellers and stationary disks is prevented by packing rings preferably constructed as shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7. Each packing ringN surrounds the hub of the impeller, the inner diameter of the ring being finished of such-size that the hub can turn freely and without friction therein and with so little clearance between the ring and hub as to practically prevent the escape of water through the joint. The acking ring is secured tothe disk or stationary part of the ump forming with ]oint to be packed, so that while it is held from. turning with tlie impeller it is allowed to shift slightly, tudinally. As shown, the packing ring is confined loosely in a flanged supporting ring ln, which is fixed from movement in an annular recess u in the stationary disk or part and is connected to the supporting ring by screws In?. The stems of the screws are of smaller diameter than the holes in the packing ring N throu h which kthey ass, and are shouldered so t at they cannot driven in far enough for their heads to engage the packing ring and clamp it against the sup- 100 porting ring u. The packing ring can therefore shift on the screws, both laterally and longitudinally, andjnstead of the hub of the impeller shifting in the packing ring and wearing the saine when the bearings for the 105 impeller wears and it docs not run' perfectly true, the ring will shift with the iinpeller.

The Wear on the inner face of the packing largely reduced and the clearance between it and the impeller will increase Ysufliciently to cause a harmful leakage betweeii the packing ring and the impeller liub.

The pressure tween the body of the impeller and the inner end of the packing ring is greater than that` which prevails in the Jointbetween the im` peller hub and stationary disk or part of the pump and on ring, consequently the ring is held by the pressure out against the siporting ring and leakage is thus prevent fiat abutting end sup orting rings. scrilied sufliciently the impeller hub an of the pump and foi-red, the internal face of the packing ring The packing acks the joint between stationary disk or part can be provided with circumferential grooves 1F39V the inipeller hub the both laterally and longiof the water in the space be 115,

the outer end of the packing 'between the faces of the packing and ring deis very durable. Ivf prein the drawings for th i of a plurality of ing in which the impellers rotate n3, shown in Fig. 7, which form aid in preventing leakage. ring is especially designed and use in centrifugal pumps but is to such use.

A stuiiing box or packing gland P of any suitableconstruction is provided for the impeller shaft at the pressure side of the pump. Any suitable stuffing box for the shaft at t e suction side of the pump may be eniployed. An ordinary water seal T is shown is p I claim as my invention: 1. In a centrifugal pump,

water seals Thepacking intended for not restricted the discharge of the second substantially as set forth.

n a centrifugal puni the combination pairs o rotary impellers with the suction inlets of the imarranged i each pair at opposite sides, a caspellers of with annular chambers. surrounding pellers into which said im ellers discharge, and one or more canals leading from the discharge chamber for the first impellerof each the discharge pair and having passages which connect the discharge ends of said canals With the siiction inlet of the second one of saidwvalls also h let for the first iinpeller substantially Iii aentrifugal pump, the combination of a pair of rotary impellers arranged with their suction inlets at the opposite sides of the impellers, a casing in which the impellers rotate provided with annular chambers sursurrounding charge chambers sages,

ischarge chamber passing through the chamber for the second inipeller, and a wall. provided with one or more return. passages which conneet the discharge ends of said canals with the suction inlet Vof the second impeller, substantially as set forth.

In a centrifuga] pump, the combination of a plurality of pairs of rotary impellers arranged with the suction inlets .of the 1mpellers of each pair at opposite sides of the iinpellers, a casing in which the impellers rotate comprising a shell and Walls located between the pairs of impellers and beside the second impeller of the last pair, parts surrounding the impellers Within said shell and having diffusing passages, said Ishell bei provided with continuous annular dischargeV charge chamber each. pair Walls to stantially as set forth.

5. In a centrifugal pump, the combination of a plurality of rotary impellers, a shaft to which the inipellers are secured, a casing in which the impellers rotate comprising a Walls for sep- I providing connecting Water passages therefor, said walls being connected to said removable head and said. head together with said shaft, impellers unit from said shell, substantially as set forth. g the combination, shaft .tof

rings surrounding said impellers, means connecting all of said walls and diffusing ,rings to said removable head, said head together with. said shaft, impellers, Yalls and diffusing rings being removable as a unit from said shell, substantially as set forth.

In a centrifugal pump,'the combination a removable head, Walls for separatin said impellers and providing connecting Water passages therefor, diffusing rings sur-l rounding said inipellers, bolts connecting said Walls and diffusing rings to said removshell, substantially as set forth.

n a centrifugal pump, the combination of a plurality of rotary impellers, a shaft to which the iinpellers are secured, a easing in which the impellcrs rotate comprising a shell y so ' .nectin lshell or said removable parts,`each ofwhich vseats is of smaller of-'4 lurality of rotary- 1mpellers, a .shaft to whi the impellers are secured, a -casin Ain whchthe impellers lrotate com 15.

`shell for said'removable parts,

25 v i Said Sh.

y relatively :stationary 4 which surrounds sai 301 `with4 saidrotary part but al ovv the ringto able head andwal'ls bein :and vwalls being removable as a unit from `said ,'impell'ers vand providing connecting,vv`

' with' `.and 'a removable head, removable walls for! shift laterally, and a support forsaidi-holdseparating said impellersjand providingcomy l Ving means which is separate from said 'sta-l `water passages therefonseats' 1n 4said tionaryv part and adapted vto be fixed thereto with said holding means'in place thereon, substantially as set forth.V l

11. The combination of va rotary partx a. relatively stationary' part, a V packing ring. which surrounds saidrotary part, va., s\1(p'p rt I ing' ring, and means mountedl on sai snp-` orting ring whichho'ld said packing-ring rom rotation with said rotaryv part but allow the packing ring to shift laterally, said'sta-` tionary` arthaving a seat to receive an holdv sai supporting ring, substantially as setforth. 4 '12. The'. combination. of a lrotary part, av relatively stationary art, av packing ringu 4which loosely surroun s said rotary part, a spporting ring fixed' to said s'tationalypart, and'm'eans` which loosely connect sai packin ring to said supporting ring and which ho d the packing ring from rotation but v Aallow the ring. 'to-be, -pressed against said supportin ring and `to shift laterally;V and |515v axially, su stantiallyv as set forth. -r

Witness my hand, this first day of Decemdiameter than:V the next seat toward the removable head, said remov- I eonnected, and'` said head together with sai shaft, impellers said shell, substantially as set forth.

9. In'acentrifugalv pump,tl1e combination' irising a s ell i l5 and a removablevhead, wa-lls or separating waterpassa therefor, di'uslng rings surroundingsaid impellers, seats formed m 4said each 'of whichv seats isof smaller diameter than the next seat toward the removable head, means con-* nectin all of said walls anddiiusing 'rings to Asai removablethead, said head to ether l'id shaft, impellers,vwallsa'nd iifusf ing rin being removable as a unit from l,ls'ubstantially as setiorth. 10.11 The., combination of a rotary part, a art, a packing ring 4rotary part, means l iWitnsses: which'hold said packing rin Vfrom rotation EDWARD CHARLES PARKER.'

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