US899241A - Signaling system. - Google Patents

Description

- s. Gnomz smmtm; sum. LPPLIUATIOI FILED itl. l0, 1906.

4 Patented Sept. 22,1908.

:mans-renal.

"Vi/ITIJES 5 E: s

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@MEDI STAgigs Parr-ENT onirica f i sEwALL einer, imoc'innneis, MASSACHUSETTS, Assieme 'rols'roxE TELEGRAPB Nn TELEPHONE coMrANY, or'Bos'roN, MASSACHUSETTST sIeNaLmG sYsTEx..

l teins, ofwhich the following is a specifica- Without, the use of wires'. to guide the waves tion.A

My invention relates to the art of transmitting intelligence from one station to anotherbymeans of electromagnetic waves,

to their destination, and it relates more particularly to avcoinplete system for transmit-v ting and receiving such waves, which may be operated bv and in connection with existing wire telegraph lines.

' The 'general object of my invention is to provide a wireless telegraph system which nfiaybe operated by and in connection with existing wire s telegraph systems without changing an of the operating features of such wire te egraph systems,but maintaining saidoperating features in their present form as in use today in the present-state of development nf commercial wire telegraph systemst f Y Another object of my invention. is to pro'- vide a wireless telegraph transmitting` system which 'may be operated by .a'wire telegraph transmitting operator located at a distance from said system; and 'a wireless telegraph receiving system, located at the. same v station as said transmitting system or at a l sounder or other wire telegraph receiving different station, which may operate a apparatus located at a distance from sai receiving system and which may be locafted atl the same wire telegraph station as said transmitting operator.

Other 'special objects of mv invention are to provide a wireless telegraph system which may he operated .bv and in connection with an exist-ing wire telegraph system, or which ma beoperated independently of such line,

an bymeans of which a wireless telegraph message may be automatically relayed in eitherNdirec-.tion from' one .combined transmitting and receiving system to another combined transmitting and receiving system through the intermediary of a two-way wireless telegraph rl'aying system comprising a receiving system connected bv a relatively short wire line with a transmitting svs'tem;

short wire line so that messages from either i terminal-station may be received at said wayA station' and messages may be sent from the latter to either terminal station; and in general to employ wireless'telegraph two-way .relaying systems to supplement existing Wire telegra h' linesin any and all possible ways, some o which are hereinafter set forth inthe present application and others of which are set forth in my ap lication Serial N o. 305,263 iled `simultaneousiiy herewith.

tion, `and which diagrammatically i ustrate 4 `organizationsot apparat us and circuits whereby the hereinbefore stated objects may be' realized.

In the drawings, Figure V1 is a schematic Other objects of my invention will herein- I view illustrating one Way in which the system herein described may be employed to supplement existing wire telegraphl systems; Fig. 2 is a diagram showing one form of apparatus and circuit arrangements embodymg the principles of the present invention;

Fig. *2"L is a diagram illustrating a modifica-V tion-of a detail of the way station circuits and apparatus, and Fig. 3 is a diagram illustratmg a modification of a detail of constructionl whereby a wireless telegra h system may be operatively connected Wit i a.'wire telegraph system. A. s In the figures, V is an elevated conductor,

G is :in earth connection, M is a transformer,

I, and I2 are transformers primaries and Sec ondari'es respectively, C is a condenser, L is an inductance, R is a resistance, K is a key,

S is a spark-gap, A is an alternating current generator or other suitable source of vibratory current, B is a battery, I is a wire telegraphline; andthe various elements are dis-` tinguished from each other by the employ-1 ment of ex onent-s and subscripts.

Xy and l represent two terminal wireless stations each'of which may be operated b a.

wireless' telegraph4 operator manipulat the` key K by hand, or by a wire' telegralii i operator-located' at the stationsz or z some distance from said wireless station manipu i'lating the wire telegraph key K. Y is an intermediate 1woway wireless teleto provide a Way station in said relatively [graph relaying system comprising a wireless 'sai wireless systems.

' vAssuming first. that the switch N isopened for the p'u -ose of rendering the transmitting syst-em" in ependent of the wire. telegra l1 vline I and that the s'. "itch U is closed fort e` pu ose of including the telephone T in series the oscillation detecto" VP and for the further u ose of renderingthe said wire telegrap line independent of the wireless telegraph-receiving system, the depression of the ey K opens atlbQthe circuit of the oscillation. detectonithereby rendering the latter inoperative, and- `shortcircuits at f.""ithe re ceiving system; A further depression of 'said key closes at k the primary power circuit of the transmitting system` and causes the' radiation of electromagnetic waves from the elevated. transmitting 'conductor system V I2 s" o o E. Other means, however, operated by the key K, `may be employed for rendering the oscillation detector or receiver inoperat1ve, and therefore Ido not wish to linut myself to the particular means herein disclosedV for performing this function. i v prefer to so relate the windings of the transsaid oscillations is translated b ormer M 'that the natural period of the sonorous circuitI C S Ix is rendered practically independent of the electromagnetic constants ofthe elevated transmitting conductor system. l

The electroma etic signal waves ytransmitted from the e evated conductor V by the depression of the key K at the station X actuate the wireless telegraph receiving system of the relaying system Y which is provided with the elevated conductor V1, and the oscillatioudetector P" associated with said-system causes tlie o eration of the wire telegraph system I. :Tige operation of said wire te egraph 'system eiects the energize.n

tion of the transmitting system of said relaying-s 'stem which is provided with the elevate conduct-or Vf. The electromagnetic signal waves radiated from said conductor create electrical oscillations in the elevated receiving conductor system Vl I2 s o L C Il o' E at the station Z and the energy o the transfo'rrner'Ml to the resonant recelving. circuit 1: C,z attuned to the frequency of said waves and reerably so related to the loop circuit C, f, that its natural period isprac tically independent ofl the electromagnetic constants of said elevated receiving conductor system. The oscillation'respo'nder P, which, in the present case, is shownas consisting of a cell containing an electrolyte and having as its anode a wire about one mil. in diameter inclosed in vglass so that only its end is exposed, is operated by said oscillations and causes current variatims in the circuit including the telephone T, at said station Z.

s shown the terminal stations X rand Z areprovided with identical apparatus so that it will be' seen that the transmitting apparatus at Z operates exactl r as that above deseribeflimmnnection wit X, and also .that

actlyv as tha above described in connection with Z. W

,Ateither station X 'or Z if an operati-ir fails A 'l j to understanda signal he si depressinghis key K andt "ereby transmitting electromagnetic signal waves to the transmitting operator at the stationfrom which signals are being transmitted and the latter, who always keeps his head telephone T over his Aears while sending, is enabled to receivethe break sifrnal between his own signal elements when his own key isl in itsv normal osition. v

It wil be obvious that the aforesaid breaking o eration is rendered possible by the fact t at during transmission tho difference of potential existing between the terminals o-and o', which form the terminals of the receiving system, is negligibly small and will not injure the delicate parts of said system; and by the further fact that the point of connection of the receiving systeml to the transmitting system during such trans# mission is a point having practically zero potential to ground so that during said transmission the receiving system will have practically zero potential whereb the receiving 10v i" the receiwng apparatus at X operates exoperator may with safety maintain the head tele hone T in position.

though the apparatus above described whereby areceiving operator may slgnal break without injuring himself or hisreceiving apparatus is the form preferred by mein practice, I do vnot wish to e limited to this particular arrangement for breaking" inasmuch as other arrangements may serve my urpose. l

. T e method employed by me for rela wireless telegraph signals from the station tov the station Z by'means of the relaying system Y is essentially the same asjK-that described in the patent to Stone N0.-717,510,

be had. The wireless telegraph receiving system of the relayingsystem Y is attuned to the frequency of the waves transmitted by the wireless telegraph transmitting systems and 10 representing an arbidated Dec. 30, 1902, to which reference may frequency to which the wireless telegraph ref celving syst-ems at the terminal stations are attuned, as indicated by the symbols, T5 und Rs where T and Rhavc the same significance as above and where 5 represents an arbit-ra- 13 -rily chosen frequency` diterent from that re resented by l0. 4 v i distance separatinfr the terminal stations is ,t will''now be understood that the sonorl too great to be bridged by the Wireless transous circuits S C I,.of the terminal stations X l vmission from the transmitting systems of and Z, and the elevated conductor system Y 'either of the terminal stations, and that the I, s.' o 'o'. E at said stations, 4as well as the i i relaying system lis placed approximately A .resonant 'receivingcircuit 12 C," and the midwa betweensaid'terminal stations. For

It,is of cou-rse to be understood that the elevated receiving conductor system V, Ll l examp e, thestation X ma f be situated on It will also be understood that the elevated p ing system, are all attuned't-*i the same frestated 'isdifferent .fromlthat lwhich isrepresented by the symbol 1( A -Still assumi'nflr relay and thereby closes the line I' through ,the `battery B3 and relay 23.

" current variations in. the circuit of the teletransmitting system of saidurelaying system,

I-l C, at the terminal stations,`aslwell as the eievatedfco'nductor system V E 'zand its assol signal elements when his keyis in normal tion Z ma be situated on the, outskirts of Boston'. t will be obvious that means attuned tothe saine l re uency which as above 'stated is represented y the symbol 10.'

receiving conductor systems Vd? s.L o L Il, 01' Vo E and the resonant'.receivmg circuits care of the tratiic from New York to New Haven and vice versa and from Boston to New Haven and vice versa, and such means I rovide in the form ofthe way station y,

.hen the terminal stations'are operated by' 'means of thekeys K this way station is pr vided withthe apparatus shownvin 2 in which 26` is a front'contact relay and 26 is a sounder Whose hammer 29 is normally held against itsl up` cOnta'ct'bv means ofI the'spr' ciated sonorous circuit S,z Cz Mz,4 of the relayquen'c being that frequenc' which is represente .by the symbol. 5 an which as above that the' switches N and U are dosed', it wi be understood in view*V of the foregoing that the waves radiated by the transmlttin system at X are'- selectively absorbed by t 1e re*- ceifving system of the relaying' system Y and operate the'oscillation detector Pf' thereby causing` the energization of the relay 20.v The energization of relay 2O causes the armature. Z1 to contact the front sto 22 of said i. When the wire lineI is closed by the recireuitat the front contact28, and when said relay 20 is denergized the spring h draws the armature 27 against its back conltact and permits the sprlng i, to retract the hammer 29 to its normal position. Thus it l The armature will be seen that the hammer 29 follows syn- 24 of Asaid relay 23- is attracted to its front stop 25 and thereby closes the primary power circuit including the alternator A2 and the primary of the transformerl M, thereby causing the ener ization of the transmittingsystem of the re aying system Y. The resulting electromagnetic waves radiated by said transmitting system are selectively absorbed .by the receiving systeml at the terminal station Z, which the key K normally is held in the position'shownT and operate the oscillation detector P thereby creating The Vkey K', at the way station g/.is a orse key of the 'ordinary type grounded at E', through the batter B4 and adapted to be connected to the ine I by throwing the switch 30 over on its contact 3i. When the wa station o erator hears either New York or oston cal in New Haven, he closes the switch 30, ope'nsx ing station,

way station operatorwho may answer by manipulat' Y his key lthereby energizi phone T. Similarly when` the operator at station Z depresses his key K,'the resulting lelectromagnetic waves are selectively.. ab' sorbed by the receiving system of the'relayf ing system Y, operate the wire telegraph line; I', and cause the radiation 4of waves from the waves from the elevated conductor system V E2. Obviously the way station operator can break the terminal station communicat' with hirn and either terminal station can reak the way station operator.

' The wire telegraph stations :n and 2 may be located at long distances from their respecf tive wireless stations being connected therewith by the wire telegraph lines I, I, or they and the latter Waves `are selectively absorbed by the receiving system of the terminal station X thereby reducing signals inthe tele'- phoneT at sai station- A If a receiving Voperator at either terminal station fails to understand a portion of a message, he immediately depress'es his key K and signals break, and the'transmittinw operator at the other station receivesfsai -i signal his telephone T between hisown .sai terminal stations X and Z, the lines I, I beinshort conductors. The advantage of empio Ying the keys K and' short conductors I has een more fully explained in my application (Serial No. 305,260, filed simultaneousl Y herewith) Yand is, that thereby back- 'stro e-M'orse wireless signals may be trans. mitted from the terminal stations and transshould `be' provided inthe wire line I' to take Y .lay 2O the'armature 27 closes the sounder` ehronously the` movements of the ke 4s Kg the relay 23 an causing the radiation of slgnal' city, the trans-Y is key and answers the call-A The callingv'station then trans-l' mits the message which is received by the ma be locatedin the same station house as,v

I elevated'conductor V. Said waves operate Vthe oscillation detector P and thereby result.l

.lated into front-stroke Morse at the end of the transmission system. U

.said application it is practically impossibletp* locateja wireless station in acityfand. there` fore it will be seen that the wire telegraph' apparatus shown inl Fig. 2, which consists of i the back 'contact relay 28,l and the back stroke 'key K and the switches N and U at Y the terminal stations will be placed in the positionsshown in Fig. 2. The operation is as follows :-If New York wishes to communi" catewith Boston, the operator at x opens his key K', thereby denergizzing the relay 11 and opening the circuit ci the sounder 14,

-'andalso denergizing the relay .2. The

springe draws the armature 12 of the relay- 1 1 away from its front st op i3 and the spring.

d draws the hammer of. the .sounder 14 against its up contact, wh1le the spring-d draws the armature 3. of the relay -2 against the front contact 4 and thereby closes the circuit of the battery B and magnet I. Themagnet 1 operates the key K and energize's the primary power circuit at station X there` by effecting the 'radiation of waves from the in the energizationof relay which closes the lineI through the battery Bg. The en- 'ergization of the relay 26 thereby etl'ected opens the circuit of the sounder 26 and permits. the spring 'i to retract 'the hammer 29 f i against its u stop. The closure of said'hne throu h s aic battery also energizes the relay 23 an effects the radiation of waves from the .elevatedy conductor "system V E'z which waves operatetlie oscillation 'responder-1er receiver P' at. station Z and cause the energi'- zation, of the'relay 5. The'armature 6 of said relay thereby;l is attracted against the 4tension of its spring e and cuts the resistance R into the vcircuit I.- The current in said v circuit which includes the battery B', thereby is reducedsufiiciently to 'permit the relay 11 to open the circuit oi" the sounder 14 (see details vof relay 11 and Sounder 14 at station' x), but` without operating relay 2,' and the hammer 15 of said sounder thereby is drawn to its up contact. AThe Sounders all along the transmission line are now in exactlyy the same condition as when a wire telegrap i operator on an ordinary wire telegrap i line o ens his key.. When the operator at r clbses his key, the armatures 12 and l5 ofthe relay and sounder 11' and 14 at his own sta tion and at the stationl z', as well as the arnnitures 27 and 29;0f the relay and sounder 26 i and 26' at the way station y, synchronously follow the movements of said key thereinV As explained :in t

l. the way station operator wishes to breakl he terminal station .operato-rs he closes the iswitcli and si als break` in the usual i manner. As wil -be obvious, the way staftion operator may put himself into commuif nication with either' terminal station and the operators'at a: and may'fbreak said waiy t station operator in the usual-manner.

@will4 be obvious also that an operator at Neither terminal station z or z, may break `the Vother throu h the intermedi ofthe wireless telegrap'relaying system. in the usual manner.

-therein shown illustrates ve the terminals of the armature 6 and back contact 7 of the relay 5', I nia substitute a f continuity-preserving key of t e usual t e such for example `as shown in Fig. 3, means -ofjwhicli the resistance R is 'normally v'sliunted by the armature 6 and the s ring tongue 7', lso that the relay 11 normally volds the sounder circuit closed on the front contact 13.. When the receiver P is operated and the relay 5 thereby energized, the resist ance R is cut into the circuit of the line I, the tongue 7 being forced against the screw 32 and thereby held out of contact with the armature 6. 'i

It will be obvious that niany'other continuit -preservingor lioldover devices may be may be employed for associating the wireless herein disclosed, inasmuch as many modifi-A g cations maybe made thereinV by 'those i skilled in the arti without departing from the spirit of my invention.

l I claim, l. In a signaling system, a station coml. prising a wireless telegraph transmitting syswaves of one fieqnencyand a wireless telcrequen'cy; a two-way wireless telegraph re- In lieu of the resistance R shunted around and the vwire telegraph systems hereinbeforef tem adapted to transmit electromagnetic graph receiving system'attund to adill'erent` producing ront-strol-:e-Morse signals. lf l I Referring to 1, the schematic view, simply the manner in 'which relayed wire ess transmisso l emp o ed ,to prevent the denergizationof y there ay 2 and the consequent' energiz ation laying system located at a distance from/saidV station and 'comprising a wireless telegraph receiving system attuned to the frequency of the waves developedby said transmitting system, a Wireless telegraph transmitting system ada ted to develop electromagnetic' waves .of te frequency-to which the iirst mentioned receiving system is attuned,'aiid a wire telegraph system operativeiy associated with the wireless telegraph systems of @saidrelaying system; `and another station attuned to waves of another frequency, an

located at a distance from said relaying sys- -tem Y and comprising a wireless telegraph transmitting system adapted to develop electroinagnetic waves of the frequency to which the wireless telegraphreceiving system of said relaying system is attuned and a wireless telegraph receiving system attuned to the frequency of tliewaves developed by the Wireless telegraph transmitting system i of Asaidrelaying system.-

2. In a signaling system, two terminal stations, each comprising a combined transmitting and receiving wireless telegraph system, b t i transmitting systems being adapted to develop electromagnetic waves of one frequency and b oth receiving Asystems bein Y an intermediaterelaying system comprising a wireless telegraph receiving system at-f tuned to the frequency ofthe waves developed by said transmitting systems, a wireless Vtelegraph transmitting system ada ted to develop Waves of thev frequency to l. liich the terminal station receivingsystems 'are attuned and a wire tele aphsystem operatively associated with t e transmitting and receiving systems lof said relaying system.

3. In asignalihg system, two terminal stations, each station comprising a wireless telegraph transmitting s stem, both transmitsystems being attuned to thesame ireting vsystems'being a apted tod'evelop' electromagnetic waves of the same frequency,

and each station comprising also' a wireless telegraph' receiving system, both receiving uency, being a frequency different from t" at ofthe waves developed by the aforesaid transmittin systems, in combination with an inter-me iate relaying system comprising l a wireless telegraph receiving system attuned to the frequency of the Waves developed by the transmitting systems at the terminalV stations, a wireless telegraph transmittingsystem adapted to develop electromagnetic waves f the ire uency to which the receiving systems at t e terminal stations are attuned, and u. wire telegraph sys-- e Y -tem operatively associated with the wireless i' "so tems o said relayig systemf telegra h transmitting .and receiving sys- 4. In a signa gl system, two terminal i'wireless telegraph stations, an intermediate two-way wireless telegraph relaying system and awire telegraph way station apparatus. V- operatively connected with said relaying systively associated with said receiving and-` y transmitting and receiving apparatus asso-V transmitting systems; and a Wire telegraph ciatedwith said wire telegrap systems` 6.' In a signaling system, a combined transmitting and4 receiving wireless telegraph system at a station. comdprising a transmitting-system adapted to evelop electromagnetic waves of one frequency, a recei system attuned to .electromagnetic Waves o a differentfrequency, an oscillation detector and a sending device arrangedv to render'the' 85.

oscillation detector inoperative during the operation of the transmitting systemt g 7. In a` signaling system, a combined transmitting and receiving wireless' telegraph system comprising artransmittingsystem-eo adapted to develop electromagnetic Waves Y of one frequency and including a sending device, and comprising also a receivin system attuned to'eiectromagneti'c waves -o a different frequency and including'an oscillation 95;

detector, in' combination with means oper- Y Y ated by said sending device for renderingsaid -oscillation detector inoperative during the energization of said transmitting system.

8. In a s'gnaling system, a combined 100 transmitting and receiving wireless telegraph- 'system including a sending device andan i oscillation detector, a Wire telegraph system includin a receiving ap aratus, means 0011- operating said sending device and a continu" trolled y said wire te egrapli system fo'V ity-preserving key controlled by said oscilla- Y l tion detector for operating said receiving :p-

paratus v without operating said sending j 9. In a signaling s tem, a wirelessftel'e'' graph system, inclu ing.v asending device. and a receivinv device, a Wire telegralph'system associated with said wireless te egraph system and a continuityreserving key controlled by said receiving evice for operating said wire telegraph system without operating said sending device.

10. In a signaling system, a wireless telegraph vtransmitting system and a wireless telegra h receiving system at a station, a wire te egraph system operatively associated with sai wireless telegraph systems, a twoway wireless telegraph relayingsystem located ata distance from said station,`a wireless telegraph transmitting system and a wireless telegraph receiving system atanother station located at a distance from said l l relaying s stem, and a wire telegra h system operative y associated Vwith `the ast rnen.-

tloned wireless telegraph systems'.

11. In asignaling system,- a combined transmitting and receiving wireless telegraph Ysystem at a station', a wire. telegraph system operatively associated with said Wireless telegraph' system, a twg-way Wireless telegraph relaying system located ata distance from said s tation, a combined transmittingand receiving wireless .telegraph system at an lother station located at a distance from said stations each comprising'a combined transmittin'g and receiving wireless telegraph system, wire telegraph systems operatively as- 'soclated respectively with the said wireless telegraph systems at the said terminal stations, and an intermediate two-Way Wireless telegra 'h rela'yimT system.

14, n asigna system, two terminal stations each com using a Wireless telegraph vtransirntting and receivl system, Wire te egraph I? systems'.v associate respectively with the wireless telegraph systems at said termirespectively with nal stations, an intermediate tv'o-way wire; l wless telegraphv relaying system, and means whereby 'the terminal station operators may .break through'the intermediaryoi said wireless,telegraplrrelaying system. l

15. In a. signahng system, twp termlnal stations each 'comprising a combined transmitting and receiving Wireless telegraph sys-v tem, wire telegraph systems operatively `associated respectively with the wireless tele- .graph systems at said terminal stations, an4

intermediate two-way wireless telegraph relayin system, and means whereby the terthe intermediary of said wireless telegraph relaying system.

, *16. n a signaling system, an intermediate two-Way wireless telegraph relaying system, having in combination a wireless telegraph transmitting systemadapted tov develop electromagnetic waves of definite frequency,v

a wireless telegraph receiving system-adapt- 4ed vto selectively absorb the energy of electromagnetic Waves of different frequency, 4a 'wire telegraph system operatively associating said transmitting and receivin systems, and auxiliary apparatus associatev with said wire telegraph system.

- In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 8th day of Meh.,

' SEWALL CABOT. Y Witnesses:

-E. B. ToM'LINsoN, GEO. K. Woonwonmn mina station operators may. break through

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