US899224A - Hydraulic elevator - Google Patents

Description

T. LARSSON.

HYDRAULIC ELBVATOR.

Prmonlox rum JAN. 27, 1903. Hmmm) s521221, 1906.

899,224. Y Patented Sept.22,1908.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

l i@ l0 the following is a specilication. v

'llus invention relates to hydraulic eleva- Ui-'Tlf' ED STATES i f TENT FFICE THURI". LARSSON, OF WGRCESTER. MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGOR TO HIMSELF, WILLIAM E. D.

STORES, or New vous, r., AND raso A.

JON ES, OF WO KOESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.:

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR To all whom 'it lmayfoneern: l

De it known that l, Tnenn .Larsson a subject of the iing of Sweden, residing at \\'orcester, in the county of Worcester and State. of Massachusetts, `have invented new and usei'ul Hydraulic Elevator, of which tors of the direct acting plunger type.

direct acting plunger elevator whic i can he used in high Ihin'ldings and at high speeds?, with equal or higher eiieiency than otheri types ol' elevators which are now used.

'io these ends, this invention consists of the plunger elevator, and of the combinations l of arts therewith as hereinafter described an( more particularly pointed out in the` claims a; the end of this sy eciiication.

in the accompanying rawings, Figure 1 is a sectionalv view (if sulioient parts of a building to illustrate the application of my invention thereto, and Fig .2 1s a similar view illustrating a slightly modified construction.

Theplunger elevator on account of its comparative. simplicity and absolute safety has ong been recognized as one of the most desirable and prat-tical types of hydraulic eievators for com iaratively short runs or t or use insituations wlhere. high speeds are not desired.

In the largeror taller business blocks, some, of which are, huilt to heights of from two hundred to four hundred feet, it has been thought that the plunger type of elevator could not he used to advantage. ln some recent instailations, however, plunger elevators have heen employed for runs of nearly two-hundred and t'vventy-iive feet in length, and it has heen found that while these elevators can he installed at prices which will conipare favorably with elevators which cannot ie operated with the same degree of safety, and while these long-run plunger elevators have. been Jfound to operate smoothly and to he readily controlled, yet it has been found in practico that the absolute ellioieney of these long-run .lunger elevators does not reach a very righ iereentage. This is due to the. fact, that in raising along plunger and a comparatively heavy car, comparatively heavv weights are set in niotion. This, in itself, would notbe found to he objectionable. if it were possible to Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 27, 1903, Serial No. 140,722.

counter-weight the plunger and car up to the Patented Sept. 22, 1908'.- emma september 21, ma. snaai No. 335,646.

full limit of weight lets the amount of weight required to start tte, unloaded car on its downward travel, which is the limit to which ,comparatively short-run low-speed lunger 1 elevators may lie. counter-weight@ Thev i reason why this cannot he done in a long--V irun high-speed direct plunger elevator 1s,-

that during the u )ward travel of the eleva- Y tor, the. prepon erance of the `au.' andV rl he object ot this invention is to rovide a t plunger over the counter-weight must be.

sullieient to overcome the inertia of the ;weig'nted, it would be impossible to accurately control the upward travel of the rai",-

and in an over counter-weighted system of this kind, the car would. continue itsv up ward travel even after the controlling valve was shut. This .upward jump and uncontrolled motion of the car would draw air down through the stuffing box, introducing. an air cushion inside the elevator cylinlder,

and entirely destroying the reliability of op eration. ,Y

ln the high speed plunger elevator plants of over two hundred feet run which have ab ready been practically installed it has been found necessary to have. a preponderance of weight in the plunger and ear over theweighhof the counter-weight of nearly thirty-five hundred pounds, and the ellieieney of suchelevators as heretofore installed has heen decreased hy the amount of power necessarily wasted in4 raising this unbalanced 'de'ad weight at each stroke of the elevator.

The especial object of this invention is to provide a water circulo ting system I or pluriger elevators in which a water column wiilbe' acted upon by the'unbalanced weight o-'tho plunger and the car during the down Stroker of the elevator, wherebv a certain amount-ofpressure will be stored fornse. at the next operation, w iichl pressure will assist the,- o eration 'of the supply pump, so that' titi; amount of work to he actually performed the supply pur'np will he diminished, andra. greater efliciency thus secured, while 'tv'the` same time, the counter-weight will be ent-i ployed to provide a compensatingbalance. for the greater -part of Athe weight of the pluri-i ger and oar.

e Referring to. -the accompanying drawings for a detail ydescription of a plungerelevato systemv constructed according to my invention, Figure shows a section of n. building haring its pumping plant. located on one oi the upper stories. Fig. '.2 shows. u similar construction with the pumping plant. located on the lower lloor or basement..

The dru- ,ings show onl \v sullicient lloers of a building to illustrate the operation ol' the system, it being 1indcrstood f'uit my invention is especially applicable io long-runs. and

to a considerably greater number of stories than in the buildings hei ein illustrated.

is, shown in Fig. l, C designates the eleviitor cylinder which sets into the ground below the building a. oLstane-e equal to the 5 length of the elevator run. Working up and down inl the cylinder C, :md extending through :i stulliug box in the upper end thereof, is the plunger l), carrying the car A en its upper ond. Connected to the car A are the counter-weight ropes B, which connect to a count-e -weight W for counter'- weighting so inucli of the weight of tin "ir A.

` and plunger i as may be possil'e, w iule still leaving the required prepondci-mire ol plun- 'y ger and car to stop the upward tran el.

The weights of the cables or counter- "iveight ropes und the counter-eight ll' are preferably proportioned according to the recognized prictiee which secures the 3o best results in o plunger elevator'. That. is to my, the weight of the cables or counterweight ropes B for a given length is mode substitut 'elly e ual to one-half the buoyancy of n correspon( ing length oi` elevator plunger. This distribution of the weight of ca.- bles or counter-weight ropes provides a coniensuting counter-balance which automat.- ically oil'sets the buoyancy of the plunger. For example, when the car is near the top of ,in its run, as illustrated in Fig. 1, substantially the entire weight. of the counter-right rope B will bey added to thc weight of the criunter- Weight 'Wg while when the car is near the bottom of its run, and the plunger has displaced -t im equal volume ol' water, and has therefore its greatest amount. ol' buoyancy tending to raise the sume, the ueight. of the counterweight, rope or cable will oppose the action of the countcrweight.

Opening into the uppcr end of the c vlindcr .l is a. to-and-l'roin pipe 1t) which may bc connccted by tbc valve cit-her with the inlet 'pipe 12 or the exhaust pipe l1. 'lluvalve muy be controlled from the carA in any of .55 the ordinary manners, for example, lu" the standing controlling rope lt.

'lhc parts as thus far described, univ he substantially the same as in nn of t li stanil- Y ard plu'hgcr elevator constructions, except 6U tlnit the. inlet and outlet pipesl have heretofore. connected with the suppl.; nlmp and storugc tank in the basement or lower part of the building, n'liil'e in an apparatus conbuilding for sufiicient distance to form water' columns to actas hereinafter described. At its upper end,'tl1e outlet pipe 11 is connected with a storage tank T, and the water l'rfin the storage tenk T is pumped into an nir pressure tank F.

In some cases instead of having two sepa-I rate. witter columns 1'1 und 12 for the inletand outlet pipes, and instead of locating the pumping plant in thc upper part of tho` building. l may emplo)- a single water column 13, as illustrated in Fig. 2, which water column is coniu-rrcd to the lower part of the storage tank T.

A water column thus located will aid the operation of the. ordinary double acting pumps employed in the usual elevator plants in the proportion that the static pressure. of the water eoluuin bears to the working pressure, refpiired for the elevator. That is to sur, in un ordinarydouble-acting force pump, both sides of the pump iston are in Contact with the. water, and if t 'ie water is admitted under pressure' to the pump cylinder, this pressure acting on the hack or inoperative side of the piston will aid in moving the piston on its working stroke. to locate. the pumping plant und the pressure tank in the u )per partof the building, beenlise. when located in this position, theI pump and the pressure tank ill operate only under such additional pressure as must be added to the water column in the supply pipe 12 to make the pressure required to operate the'eltw'ator, while in thc construction shown in Fig. 2, the pump and pressure tank arc required to withstand the l'ull working pressure required in the elevator cylinder.

In the construction shown in Fig. 1, the inletl pipe l2 forms in ell'ect a. continuation of the pressure tank l*` and lor this reason, the construction illustrated in Fie. 1 will permit thc use of a somewhat smaller pressure tunk than will the construction illustrated in Fig.2.

ln the operation ol' u plunger elevator constructed according to my invention, tlu` necessar)v piepontlcrancc of plunger and cur over the counter-weight will operate. during the down stroke ol the elevator to raise. a wu.- ter-coluxnn, lifting a cer'tnin amount. of water to the elevated storage tank which will give. n f eztain static hcad or pressure of water, which will diminish the amount of work rcquircd to be done b v the suppl) um i. For example, in a tuo-lunulred and hlty lootrun elevator laut here the required preponderance ol` tlie car and plunger over the counter weight is approximately thirty-live hundred pounds, a plunger' six and one-hull` inches in diameter will require t\\'oliuiulred pounds working pressure to secure the desired speed ol opyiution.

lu direct henger elevator svstcnis as herestructed according to my invention, the inlet tolore insta led, this entire workin-, pressure und outlet pipes 11 and l2 extend up into thc l ol' two-hundred pounds is furnished entirely 13o l prefer, however,

too

l i l by the suppl)Y pump, wllilo in an :apparat-us constructed nur :orrling lo my inv tition, more than half the working pressure- '.fill be supplied by the walor uoiuinu.

.l a-:n aware. ibut runny dill'crunl mer-cirulalng systems luive been devised for opcr- 1 ating elevator plants, and flint w. tr-r uns been exhausted from olvvator constrummns in u minibar ol' rlillbrcn ways, :unl u ecrl for different purposes, und my invention iloos notJ folate to .auch systems lxrozully, tlm cspoi cia-l object of my invvnion living lo couilnuo a direct plunger elei'utor.\\titli u unter-gol uinn for 1re-Willing the. requisito prupomivl-` ance of elevator und plungur owr Llic counter-weight from resulting in loss of vilicicncy.

l :un also aware that changes may lle made 1n applying luy invention to hydraulic elevalors.

l lo not wish, tluircl'orri, lo lm lizuivrl to 5' tlu. construction l have herein shown :unl rluscrilu-rl, buty Wluit l glo vlailn and desire to Secure by Letti-rs Patent of tlm Unitvrl States 1s.-

1. In :xliydrzxulic elevator system, the: coinlnnatlon of zi. vertical cylinder, a plunger running insnirl ('ylimlvr, a wir on tlm upper curl of the plunger, n countcriznianu'c for tlu: grratcr part of tlm weight plt alle rar und plunger willi tlic counter-weight nulles uct-- l Ing to oll'set the buoyancy of tlnl plunger, :l .to-nnd-l'ronx pipo opening into tlu: upper und of the cyliiulvr, u storage luuk conucctvrl thereto and lor-:uml fur fnougll :lliure ille upper 0nd ol' thu. cylinnlvr so ilnu its simic pressure will substantially lullzmmllw preponrluruncc in u'vijgli oi' plungvx' nml zur over tlwir voulu r-lml:rnru prvssun' inni, null :l pump inlormmlizuu illu :lola-ugo luuk :unl

:muy ol` llw plunger, :L 'lo-:uul-l'rom pip wnnvutml to line upper vuil of {luv}luulr-r. :zu elevated sloragcbink, un outlm pipf loading l-licrr'lo, :l prusorv huil". :1 pump inlvrnwflil :ite Lluprvssurrh luuk :unl torngiv tank, :in

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