US898753A

US898753A - Elastic-fluid turbine.

Info

Publication number: US898753A
Application number: US38258007A
Authority: US
Inventors: William Franklin Lees; Harry Augustine Lees; Charles Wesley Grise
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1907-07-08
Filing date: 1907-07-08
Publication date: 1908-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 1925-09-15

Description

ATTI' W. E. & H. A. LEES & C. W. GRISE.

ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JULYB,1907.

898,753. Patnented Sept. 15, 1908. l SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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ELASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8,1907.

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BLASTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY8,1907.

Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

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UNITEDsrAtIrEs PATENT OFFICE.

WELIAM FRANKLIN LEES, HARRY AUGUSTDlE LEES',' AND CHARLES WESLEY GRISE, 0F

" SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

EnAs'rrc-FLum TUBBINE.-

specincatiun or Letten Palaia.

Patented Sept. 15, 1908.

Application sled Juiy's, 1907." serial No. 382,580.

Be it 'known that we, WILLIAM FRANKLIN LEES, HAEBYAUGUSTINE LEES, and CHARLES WESLEY GRISE, all citizens of the United States, and residents of San Diego, in the county of San Die o and State of California, have invente a new and Improved Elastic-Fluid Turbine, of which the followlng is a full, clear, and exact descri tion.

Our invention relates to elastic uid turbines and admits of general use, our more particular object to produce a turbine operated by the expansive force of gases, such as are produced by the explosion of heavy or light crude oil, petroleum refuse, anthracite and bituminous gases, water and coal gases, benzin, gasolene, ethylene, marsh gas, natural gas, acetylene gas, semi-water gas, producer gas, various hydrocarbon gases not specilically mentioned, and alcohol.

Our invention further relates to certain improvements in construction whereby an explosive aeriform mixture is received into a suitable compartment, conducted thence in definite charges to the chamber, thence allowed to low periodica y into the expansion chamber, and distributed from there to the turbine vanes from which it is allowed to escape.

Reference is to be had to tlirelluszcompnydrawings formm' ga arto t spe ca- 1tiidn, in which similar cliiaracters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the iigures.

Figure 1 is a substantially horizontal section on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrow, through our improved turbine, showing the arrangement of the pumping mechanism, the valves, the gearmg for operating the latter, the arrangement of the various chambers, and the several vanes; Fig. 2 is a vertical section upon the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow, and showing the cylindrical compartment used as a water jacket and also showing various details including the inlet for the explosive mixture; 3 is a yertical section :upon the line 3 3 of Fig. 1,

shoki'lg the valve for preventing retrogression of burned gases from the explosive chamber, this view also showing the spark plug for a charge within the explosion chamber; Fig. 4 is a vertical section upon the line 4 4 of Fig. 1,1ookingin the direction in the direction of the arrow andv of the arrow, and showing the valve used lor periodically establishing communication between the explosion chamber and the expansion chamber. upon the line 5-5 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow, and showing the spiral nozzles for directing the expansive medium against the vanes; Fig. 6 is a section upon the line 6 6 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow, and showing a circle of stationary'vanes; Fig. 7 is a vertical section through one of the revoluble disks, each of which is provided with a circle of vanes; 8"is a section upon the line 8 8 of Fig. 1, loo in the direction of the arrow, and showing t e rear head of the turbine casing together with the exhaust port 57; and Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic section showing the relation of the movable and ixed vanes.

A cylindrical casing 9 is rovided with lugs 10 whereby it may he supported. Mounted within the cylindrical casing 9 are

cylinders

11, 12, 13, 14. Disposed outside of the cylinders last mentioned and inside of the casing 9 are tie rods 16 spaced equidistant and extending through a cylindrical compartment 15. The

cylinders

11, 12, 13, 14 are separated by

annular compartments

17, 18, 19 merging into the cylindrical compartment 15. The arts are so arranged that water may be 'circu ated through these compartments in order to prevent their destruction by excessive heat. ln other words, the cylinders are all water-jacketed. A

The

cylinders

11, 12 are connected together by spirally disposed nozzles 20, so arranged F1g. 5 is a vertical section as to direct the expansible medium at suitable angles. The front casing head is shown at 21 and the rear casing head at 22. Integral with the front casing head 21 is a sleeve 23 serving as a bearing. A similar sleeve 24 is integrally connected with the rear casing head 22. A revoluble shaft 25 is journaled within these bearings andY mounted upon this shaft is a ily-wheel 26. An eccentric 27 is likewise mounted upon this shaft. This eccentric is connected by an eccentric rod 28 with a pump 29. The outletpipe 30 of this pump 1s connected with the inlet 31 (see Fig. 2) of the turbine. Cylindrical bearings 32, 33 are mounted upon the iront casing head 21 and projecting from them are studs 34a, 35a upon which are splined two supporting gear wheels 34, 35. These gear to Fig. 1.

wheels are provided respectively with

cams

36, 37, each cam having substantially the conformity of a wedge. The

cylinders

12, 13, 14 are provided with compartments 38, 39, 40. The

cylinders

12, 13 are connected together by a assage 41 which is normally closed by a valve 42. This valve is mounted upon a'stem 43, the latter being engaged periodically bythe cam 36. A spring 44 is mounted within a spring box 45 and tends to force the stem 43 toward the left, according The

cylinders

13, 14 are connected by a passage 46 which is normally closed by a valve 47 mounted upon a valve stem 48 and passing through a s l'ing box 49 similar to the spring box 45. he valve 47 and its stem 48 are similar in their action to the valve 42 and its stem 43. The cam 37 peri-' odically trips the valve stem 48 and thus moconcentric to the cylinder 11 and connecting each sleeve 51a with this cylinder are a number of stationary vanes 51 disposed radially around the shaft 25 as a center.

Vanes 52 project radially -outward from sleeves 53 carried by spokes 54, the latter radiatingfrom hubs 55. Bands 56 integral with the vanes 52 encircle the latter, as inpurp dicated in Fig. 7, the whole of these arts constituting a wheel, several such whee s being shown in Fig. 1. An outlet port is shown at 57, being merely a hole in registry with the exhaust pipe 58. At 59 (see Fig. 8) 'and 60 (see Fig. 2) are holes for supplying the water jacket with water. A

The gears 34, 35 are provided with

hubs

61, 62 integral therewith and having an inclined face (see Fig. 1). Cams 63, 64 are mounted upon the outer ends oi'lthe studs 34a, 35a, the latter being reduced for this ose. Handles 65, 66 are connected rigldly with the cams 63, 64 and are used for turning the same. If desired, spiral springs may be introduced intermediate the cylindrical bearings 32, 33 on the one hand, and the hubs of the gears 34, 35 on the other hand, for the purpose of normally pressing the gears 34, 35 to the left. By turning the handles 65, 66 of the cams 63, 64, the gears 34, 35 or either of them, may move to the right or left without disconnecting them from their iittings. In this manner the valves 42, 47 may be maintained closed as long as desired, and this action is necessary in order to enable the pump 29 tov compress the aeriform body to a predetermined degree. For instance, if it is desired to have a pressure of sevent live pounds of mixed gas, this can be rea y accomplished before the machine starts.

The cylinder 14 is provided with av bearing sleeve 61* in which the shaft 43 turns and lbody inthe compartment 38. The degree of pressure attained may vary with the proportions of the several parts. The apparatus being started, each revolution of the shaft 25'causes the cam 37 to engage the valve stem 48 and open the valve 47. This allowsl an excess of the aeriform body to go Vthrough the passage 46 into `the explosionv chamber 39, the valve 47 instantly closing and preventing retrogression ofthe explosive charge. The chargeV within the explosion chamber 39 is now exploded by aid of a spark plug 60a (see 3)' or equivalent means. The pressure in the explosion chamber 39 is now greater than before and has more or less tendency to open the valve 42. Since, however, g the spring 44 is pretty strong, the valve is not opened until the cam 36 engages the valve stem 43. This opens the valve 42 and a portion of the gases of combustion passes out through the passage 41 into the compartment 40 which we designate 'as the expansion chamber.

It will be noted that the opening of the valve 42 does not occur at the same instant as the opening of the valve 47. This prevents abruptness in allowing the explosive charge to reach the movable parts of the turbine. Within the expansion chamber 40 the variations in pressure are less pronounced than in the explosion chamber 39. The gases of combustion now pass through the spiral nozzles 20 and impinge against the p' The mova le vanes confer rotary motion upon the shaft 25 which furnishes power for operating the pump and for turning the various gears. For convenience we designate the revoluble vanes and their accompanying parts as the movable element4 of thev turbine, and iied vsnes and their accompanying parts eing y analogy designated as the fixed member of the turbine.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. The combination of a receptacle for holding an explosive aeriform body under f pressure, an explosion chamber, a valve for opening and closlng communication between said receptacle and said explos1on chamber,

:in expansion chnmbor connected by n passngo with sziiil explosion chamber, ai second vulve l'or opening :ind closing communication l'rom sii-ill explosion clnimbei' to siiid ex- ]mnsion chamber, tnrbino meclnuiism conneclld with sziid expnnsion chamber :ind ihivcn thereby, stoms connected to both of sniil vulves l'or nctmitinlgr them, :ind means l'oi' :iclimling sniil stems alternately.

L. 'lhc combimition ol' :i receptacle for holilin;r nn explosive :iorilorm body under pressure, nn. explosion chnmberI n vulve for opening nml closing comnnmication between sniil receptacle :mil seid explosion chamber, :in cxlninsion chamber connected by :t passage with sniil explosion clnunber, a second vnlvc l'or opening' :md closing,r communication l`1om sniil explosion chamber to said expansion chamber, tnrbinc` mechanism connected with snid expansion chamber and driven thereby, stems connected With said valves for ictimting the same, ond means controllable by said turbine mechanism for actuating 'sind stems alternately.

3. The combinntion of fin explosion clizimber, a valve located therein, zt gear provided with means for opening and closing.,r said valve, n mounting for said gear, and ineens controllable at will for shifting the position of said gear relatively to said mounting for the purpose of varying the degree of control of said gear relatively to said valve.

In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

Witnesses:

HOWARD S. CAPWELL, WILSON S. SMITH.