US895925A - Electric organ. - Google Patents

Description

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APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 7, 1906. 3 SHETS SHEBT 1.

ffzesses. www@ fm No. 895,925. PATENTED AUG. 1l, 1908. W. R. WHITEHORNE.

ELECTRIC ORGAN.

PL I N AP IOAT 0 FILED SEPT 1906 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2| N0. 895,925. PATENTED AUG. 11, 1908. W. B.. WHITEHORNE.

ELECTRIC ORGAN.

` APPLICATION FILED m1111906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WILLIAM R. WHITEHORNE, OF BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC ORGAN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 11, 19,08.

Application filed September '7, 1906. Serial No. 333,590.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, WiLLIAM R. HORNE, a citizen of the United States, residing in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in `Electric Organs, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide a positive and direct acting device for electrically controlling the sounding of each organ ipe or set of pipes of an electrically controlled organ, as well as to reduce the number of parts and connections required to actuate and control the various devices constituting the mechanism of the organ, particularly of that type having two or more manuals and a relatively large number of sto sand combinations.

further desire to provide relatively simple electrical means for throwing into or out of operative conditionany desired number of sets of pipes, for controlling the coupling of two or more manuals, for du licating ipes and borrowing stops, as wel as erforming the other operations require to control an organ.

These and other advantageous objects, as will later appear, l attain as hereinafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which 1 Figure l, is a vertical section illustrating my improved means for controlling the admission of air to an organ pipe; Fig. 2, is an inverted plan view of the valve illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, is a vertical section of a special form of air controlling means for a pipe; Fig. 4, is a plan of a special form of magnet oi' accom lishing the same end as that attained by tlie two magnets shown in Fig. 3 Fig. 5, is a diagram of the connections for controlling the sounding of a pi e or set of pipes; there being in the case il ustrated controlling mechanism for eight pipes, which consists of two stops and four keys; Fig. 6, is a diagram similar to Fig. 5, but illustrating the means for coupling the keys of two manuals; Fig. 7 is a vertical section illustrating the electrical and mechanical devices for coupling the an elevation, to some extent diagrammatic, further illustrating the means for couplin the keys of two manuals, Fig. 9, is a vertica section illustrating the means for electrically controlling all of the stop knobs; Fig. 10, is a diagrammatic view illustrating the electrical keys of two manuals; Fig. 8, is-

connections of the apparatus preferably em- WHITE- ployed by me for controlling the operation of the stop bar and for preventing heating of the controlling winding used to secure a crescendo effect; Fig. 11, is a diagram illustrating the connections and apparatus constituting the means for electrically controlling the action of four stop knobs and consequently the pipes controlled thereby and the means for securing crescendo, sforzando or full organ effect, Fi 12, is a diagram illustrating the electrica ap aratus and connections for throwing on, re easin or maintaining any desired stop combinations, and Fig. 13 is a diagrammatic perspective View illustrating, partly in section, the arrangement and construction of the main elements of my invention.

Referring first to Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, A represents the top of the wind chest of an organ, and a is a single organ pipe connected to said chest. For controlling the admission of air to this pipe l provide an outwardly opening valve a', (that is, avalve so arranged that the air pressure tends to unseat it) having a seat in a piece of flat material a2 and provided with va rod a3; that the valve a is contained in a chamber formed in the top member of the wind chest and that the pipe a is directly connected to this chamber. For operating each valve a l rovide a double wound magnet B, which, with its armature b, is designed and constructed in the manner fully described and claimed in my pending ap lication for U. S. Patent, No. 306,251, file March 15, 1906, and which may briefly be described as consisting of a frame of magnetic material constituting a closed or complete magnetic circuit so designed as to provide an auxiliary magnetic circuit which shall include a movable armature.

Referring to the magnet shown in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, there are on this frame two independent windings b and b2, the Wire of which is preferably so placed that when one of them is energized or when both are energized in such manner as to cause the north pole of one winding to be at the same end as that at which is formed the south pole of the other winding, the magnetic fluX set up will simply circulate through the closed magnetic frame Without appreciable leakage. lf, on the otherv hand, current be sent through the windings so that their respective north poles lt will thus be seen are both formed at the same end of the magnet, then the magnetic flux is forced to pass through the. armature l1, which is thereby drawn toward one end of said magnet; it being pivoted to the opposite end of the niagnet, as shown in Fig. 2. This armature is, 1n the present instance, rigidly connect\d to the valve stem a and is provided with a spring b" of sueh strength that under ordinary conditions when the magnet is deenergized, or but one of the windings is energized, it is sullicient to hold the valve. a to its seat against whatever air pressure there may be existing within the wind chest.

In order to provide means for borrowing pipes, I may make the chamber in the top of the wind chest of larger size in order to accommodate two or any desired number of valves ct; the cover a4 for this enlarged chamber having in it a corresponding num ber of seats. Each of said valves may be controlled by a double wound magnet B and is designed to be operated as previously described, or, if desired, a single valve may be used with a multiple wound magnet B for controlling the same, as indicated in F ig. 4. Said multiple wound magnet, while having a closed circuit magnetic frame, has on said frame two, four, or other even numberof windings b b2; b3 b4, etc. This magnet has an armature b5, which is pivotally mounted at one. end of the frame s0 that it will be drawn toward the latter only when the magnetic flux from any adjacent pair of windings is in suoli direction as t0 form similar poles at adjacent points of the frame. On the other hand, if but a single winding of any pair is energized or if both windings of one pair are energized so as to form unli ie poles at adj acent points, then the magnetic flux simply flows through the magnetic frame without in any way affecting the armature.

The method of electrically controlling the opening of valves, such as those shown in Figs. l to 4 inclusive, in order to sound any pipe or pipes, is illustrated in its simplest form in Fig. 5, where c, c', c2, c3 represent switches whose operation is'caused by the keys of the instrument. These are connected in shunt to each other in a circuit having a current generator C and in each shunt there are also connected windings b, for example, belonging to any desired number of valveoperating magnets B there being in the case illustrated two such windings in circuit with each key. Two stop controlled switches f and f are also illustrated in this diagram and it will be seen that each of these controls a shunt circuit having in it the second Windings b2 of four of the valve controlling magnets B, so that, for example, when the sto bar is pulled and its switch f closed, one coil of each of the four magnets B is energized. In the present instance these four magnets may control the valves of the is thereby l i l pipes of the series known as the flute of the. swell manual, whiley the magnets B2 control the diapason pipes ol' the same nunmal. IVith this arrangement it will be seen that the switchj" being closed will permit any of the llute. pipes to be sounded when their key switches c, c', e3, etc., arel elosed by lhe proper depression of the keys, for the reason that ill the. key switch c bc closed the windings and f" of the corresponding flute pipe magnet will be energized in such a way as to cause the magnetic flux to attract the. magnet armature and open the valve to said pipo. I'Vhilc it is true that the winding b of the magnet B2 in circuit with thel key switch e is also energized, as well as one winding of cach of thel remaining magnets of the finte pipes, this will have no effect; for, as pointed out, the magnetic flux simply flows through the magnetic frames of these magnets without attracting their armatures.

If it be desired that the operation of the keys shall cause sounding of both the. flute and diapason pipes, then both the stop switches f and f are closed, thereby energizing all of the windings b2 belonging to both of said sets of pipes. The depression of any of the keys of this manual will, as before, result in the energization of both windings b in circuit with it and as there will then be two magnets in which the magnetic flux forms similar poles at adjacent points, the armatures of these two magnets will be attracted and their valves a opened, with consequent sounding of both the flute and diapason pipes.

The preferred form of stop bar employed by me and the device for operating this is illustrated in Fig. 9, in which D represents the stop rod or bar having a knob l of the well known forni, whereby it may be manually pulled out, if desired. Said bar passes axially through a magnet E, which may have any desired number of windings, there being in the case illustrated four of these e, e, e2 and e3. Said magnet is mounted in any desired manner upon the rear face of that portion e" of the organ frame from which the stop bars project and has an armature e5 carried upon that portion of the sto i bar which projects rearwardly outside. of the magnet. Said armature is preferably so fitted to the stop bar that it bears on it with considerable friction and when attracted to the magnet causes it to move longitudinally through the same. If, after such movement, a further outward longitudinal movement of the stop bar be given, as, for example, by an outward pull on lthe stop knob, said bar will slide through the armature to a limited extent. I/Vhen the stop knob is pushed inwardly the armature, of course, moves with it until it engages the pins e mounted in any desired manner upon the organ frame, when such movement ceases, though the rearward movement of l `has been moved to its full in position.

Between the magnet E and its armature e5, I preferably mount any suitable form of spring, as e7, so that after the energization of the magnet has drawn the armature toward it and moved the stop bar outwardly,

its subsequent denergization will result 1n the spring forcing said armature and with it the bar D back to the normal in position.

In order to maintain the sto bar in its full out position when it has been manually moved thereto, I provide any desired form of catch, such as is shown in Fig. 9, having a pair of springs carried u on any suitable su porting structure e9 an so bent that they fa l into a groove 61 or some e uivalent construction only when the stop bar ias been moved outward to its fullest extent, as by hand. Under ordinary conditions, however, when the stop bar is operated solely by the energization of the magnet E, the movement is not suflicient to bring the groove el sothat said spring can enter it.

The stop switch f may consist of two contact brushes f2 and f4 mounted in any desired manner upon the frame of the organ so as to engage a metallic contact piece f 3 carried upon the non-conducting stop bar when this latter has been moved outwardly, either by hand or by the magnet E.

I preferably provide for each of the sto controlling magnets E a plurality of win' ings, as illustrated in Fig. 9, so that the stop switches may be operated electrically to throw in or out of service certain grou s of pipes to make various desired com inations, and a diagram of connections of the windings of four stop magnets with their controlling combination switches is illustrated in Fig. 11, said magnets being illustrated at El E2, E3 and E4 Of these stop magnets, the first two may, for example, control the switches (not shown but preferably similar to that shown in Fig. 9) in circuit with the magnet-windings respectively belonging to the two sets of. ipes controlled from the swell manual, while the two `latter similarly may control switches in circuit with valve controlling windings of two other sets of pipes of the great manual, and it may be noted at this point that while both here and in the other diagrams illustrated I have shown the minimum number of units compatible with an understanding of the device, there are in each instance suicient of these to be employed to fulfil the full requirements of a modern organ.

In Fig. 11, there are shown four combination switches g, g', g2 and g3, and also two switchesgv4 and g5 under the control of the foot of the erformer, of which the first may be operated) to give a crescendo effect and the other to produce a full organ effect.

The combination switches g, g', g2 and g3 are preferably of vsuch construction Vas to remain closed when once closed; bein if desired, of the sna type, while t e foot switch g5 for the fu organ effect, is a similar two-point switch so connected as to ener ize, when it is closed, one winding of each o the magnets E', E, E3 and E, and so result in the pulling out of all of the stop bars controlled thereby. For this purpose one of the points of said switch g5 has in series with it the windin s e of the magnets E3 and E4, while the ot er has in series with it the windings e of the remaining magnets E and E2.

`The crescendo switch g* is' of the multiple point type, being so constructed as to successively close or complete the circuits which include the windings e of each of the two stop magnets. It is to be noted that these latter are wound to energize their ma et cores in the same direction as that causelby the windings e.

The switch g is connected in series with two windings e? respectively placed upon the cores of the swell stop magnets E and E2 and-these two windings e3 are in turn in series with the windings e of these same magnetsfor the purpose hereafter noted. Similarl the combination switch g is in circuit wit the two windings e2 of the swell sto magnets E and EZ and with the two Winti ings e of the same magnets. The combination switches gz and g3 are in like manner connected to windings of the stop magnets E2 and E3 belonging to the great manual.

Preferably adjacent to each stop knob d I place a reversing switch H, as suggested in Fig. 9, having a small operating handle h. Each of these reversing switches, of which there may be any desired number for each stop switch, depending uponthe number of windings e3 and e2 employed, is connected in series with one of these windings, so that if in one instance the magnetic flux set up by the winding e3, flows in the same direction as the flux set up by the winding e, then that particular stop bar will be operated when the 'switch gis closed. If, on the other hand, the reversing switch H be so manipulated that the current flows through winding e3 so as to set up a magnetic flux opposing that caused by the winding e, then even though the combination switch g be closed there is no energization of that particular magnet. It will, therefore, be seen that the principal reason for connecting the windings e2 and e3 in series with the winding e is to make possible any desired stop combinations, so -that while certain stops are in normal condition and may be actuated to close their proper switches when the combination switches g, etc. are closed, others will be inoperative under the same conditions.

If it be desired to electrically control the opening and closing of the combination y switches g, g, g2, g3, g, g5, g8 and g7, this substituted therefor without may be accomplished b apparatus and connections such as areil ustrated in Fig. 12, where said switches are shown as designed to be actuated by the operation of magnets or solenoids J, .IC-J7. Each solenoid in the case illustrated has three windings 7, j and y'z and is provided with connections to switches, as k, k3, whereby two of these windings may be caused to neutralize each other, so that the third winding is free to cause movement of the core carryin the movable switch element in one direction, or others of the windings may be short circuited to leave but one winding active and so move the core in the o posite direction. While this is my preferred) method for accomplishing the end desired, it will be understood that other means for controlling the switches may be departing from my invention.

In the case illustrated, the solenoids J and J control two combination switches of the great manual, while, in addition, there are solenoids J 2 and J3 which control similar switches belonging to the associated pedal pipes of the same manual. For the urpose of closing the switch g, belonging to t e combination solenoid J and its associated pedal solenoid J2, I rovide a'switch 7c', and it will be seenthat w en this latter is closed current flows from the positive side of the battery C through one branch terminal of the switch, through the windings and of the solenoid J, thence to the winding (i2 of the solenoid J and to the winding jZ of the solenoid J, from whence the circuit is com leted back to the negative terminal of the gattery. y

Since the windings y" and jf* are so placed as to neutralize each other under these conditions, the winding j alone is effective and the core of the solenoid is so moved as to close the switch g controlled byit; it being understood that this switch remains closed even though the switch 7c be only temporarily closed. When it is desired to open this switch and so render inactive the combination controlled thereby, I close the switch c, (the switch c being open) which, it will be seen, is so connected as to be capable of short circuiting the windinvs y' and y" of the solenoid J, it being noted that the switch k is preferably of the open-circuit type. Current then flows through windings j2 of both solenoids J and J with the result that the latter of these windings acts upon the core of the solenoid J so as to open the switch g. It will be noted that the switch 7c has a second point or terminal in circuit with the solenoid J2 of the associated pedal combination controlling means, so that this solenoid is always energized in unison with the solenoid J.

For the control of the solenoids J and J 3, I provide switches k2 and 7c3, whereby, as before described, the combination switches governed -by said solenoids may be closed or opened. Restoring switches 7c, 7c5, lc and 7c7 are similarly provided for the swell manual and its associated pedal pipes.

In order that all of the .combination switches g, etc., may be simultaneously opened, I provide a general releasin switch 7c so connected as.to fulfil in itself t e functions of the individual releasing switches 7c', 7c3, 7c, 7c.

In order to c ut down the amount of current flowing when the stop-controlling magnet-coils e are energized, I may provide means, such as is illustrated in Fig. 10, whereby a body of resistance eB is inserted in shunt with such windings by the closing of a switch g8 controlled by the stop bar.

Under operating conditions the closure of the switch g4, energizes a Winding e on one of the magnets E and so moves the stop bar D that the switch g8 is closed, thereby placing in shunt with this winding of the magnet, the body of resistance es so that the current lowing to said Winding is cut down and the latter incidentally prevented from heating.

The main object of this resistance e8 1s to prevent the winding e from being short circuit` ed and even though it does materially cut down the current Iow in said winding, there is still sufficient current to maintain the armature a ainst the end of the magnet after it has once een moved there.

In order to couple the manuals of the organ at will, I provide such an arrangement of parts as is shown in Figs. 7 and 8, where m, for example, represents the keys of the swell manual and n the keys of the great manual. Each key m is mechanically connected to a lever m and similarly each key n is connected to a lever n and each of said levers is provided in the present instance with two contact pieces m2 and m3, and n2 and a3, respectively. A current conductor p serves to connect each of the contact ieces with one pole ofthe current generator and there are, in addition, two sets of bus bars g and g', of which the irst set is placed so as to be engaged by each of the/contact pieces m2 and n2 whenever the keys to which these pieces belong are depressed. Similarly, the bus bars g are so placed that they are engaged by the contacts m3 and n3 when any ot the keys to which these belong are operated.

Extending transversely of the levers m and n are two axially revoluble bars mI1 and n4 of elliptical cross section so placed that when they are turned into the position illustrated in the case of the bar m4 they will prevent the contact pieces to which they are adjacent engaginor the bus bar, when the key is depressed, while, on the other hand, when they are turned to the osition in which the bar n4 is illustrated, tliey permit such engagement of the contact pieces with the bus ar to which they are adjacent.

With the apparatus arranged as shown in Fig. 7, which, it will be understood, represents two keys and their associated parts required for controlling two pipes belonging to two different manuals, if the key 'a be depressed, not only will the contact piece a2 engage its bus bar q and so energize the winding b of the magnet for controlling one of' the great pipes, but the contact piece n3 will also engage its bus bar g and similarly ener gize the winding bof one of the swell pipe magnets. 1f, now, the stop switches f andf are closed, both a swell and a great pipe will be sounded by operation of the key n. In the caso of the key lm, and with the bar m4 in the position shown, the depression of the said key would merely result in the sounding of the single swell pipe normally controlled by it, since, while the contact piece mi* is free to engage the bus bar 1, the contact piece m2 is prevented from engaging its bus bar q.

In Fig. 6, 1 have shown a diagram illustrating the connections whereby the iipes of either of two stops may be sounded liy coupling the two manuals together in the manner illustrated in Figs. 7 and S; that is to say, any of the pipes controlled by the magnets B or B2 may be sounded from the manual having the switch c and the keys m, or these pipes may be sounded from the manual iaving the keys a, if the stop switches f and f be properly closed.

1 claim as my invention:

1. An organ including a plurality of pipes, valves for said pipes, and magnets each with a plurality of windings for controlling said valves, a source of current, a series of keys, a

, key-controlled switch in circuit with one winding of each magnet, a series of stops, and a stop controlled switch in circuit with another winding of each magnet, substantially as described.

2. The combination in an organ, of a series of pipes, a valve for controlling the flow of air to each pipe, a magnet for independently operating each valve wound with a plurality of sections, each section consisting of a pair of windings capable of operating the valve only when both of them are energized, and means for controlling the flow of current to said windings, substantially as described.

3. An organ having a plurality of pipes,

' valves for controlling the flow of air to said pipes, electromagnetic selective means including multiple-wound magnets for causing at will the operation of any valve or combination of valves, and means for independently energizing a plurality of the windings of any magnet to cause them to cooperate to actuate a valve, substantially as described.

4. An organ including a plurality of pipes having valves for controlling the admission of air thereto, a double wound magnet for each valve, a source of current, a series of keys connected to said source and each in cireu'it with a magnet winding, and a stop controlled switch 1n circuit wlth the second windings of said magnets, substantially as I described.

5. The combination in an organ, of a series of pipes, valves for controlling the 'llow of air thereto, multiple-wound 'magnets for controlling said valves, a stop switch in circuit with one winding of all of said magnets, a series of keys each in circuit with the other winding of one of the magnets, and a source of current for energizing said magnets, substantially as described.

6. An organ including a lurality of series of pipes, valves for controlling the admission of air to 'said pipes, multiple wound magnets connected to aetuate said valves, one winding of a plurality of the magnets of each series having a stop switch in circuit therewith,

-a series .of key switches respectively con,

nected to the second magnet windings of a plurality of magnets of diiierent series, with means for supplying current to said magnets,'

substantially as described.

7. In an electrically controlled organ, the combination of keys, stops, pipes, valves for controlling the admission ol air to said pipes, multiple wound magnets for actuating said valves, switches respectively connected to the windings of each magnet, the switch of one winding of each magnet being controlled by a stop, and the switch of another winding being controlled by a key, with electro-magnetic means for o )eratingsaid stop switches, substantially as escribed.

S. An electric organ having draw rods, a switch controlled by each rod, magnets for actuating said rods, means for controlling said magnets, pipes for the organ having controlling valves, multiple wound magnets, each having a winding in circuit with one oi said switches for actuating the valves, and other means for controlling the current flow to the remaining windings of the magnets, substantially as described.

9. An electrically controlled organ including stop devices each consisting of a movable bar, an electric switch controlled thereby, an armature on the bar, a magnet for actuating said armature, a spring for normally maintaining said armature awa from the magnet, with means for controliing the energization of the magnet, a device for operating the bar by hand, and means independent of the magnet for holding the bar from moving when the switch is closed, substantially as described.

10. An electrically controlled organ, having a series of stop controlling devices, -each consisting of a movable bar having a knob, an armature on the bar but movable relatively thereto, a magnet for the armature Jfor moving the bar to its outer position, means for controlling the operation of said vmeans including stop magnet, and means independent of said magnet ior holding the bar in said outer position, substantiall as described.

11. An elyectrically controlled organ, including a series of stop controlling devices, each provided with a magnet, a stop bar, an armature thereon, a switch having its movable member carried by said stop bar, a spring for maintaining the switch open and the armature distant from the magnet, means independent of the magnet lor maintaining the switch closed, and means ier controllin(r the magnet, substantially as (lescribct l2. An electrically controlled organ including a plurality of series of pipes and valves for controlling the admission of air thereto, multiple wound magnets for controlling the valves, key controlled switches for governing the current flow to one winding ot any magnet or magnets, stop switches lor controlling the ilow of current to the second winding oi' the magnet oil an f series of pipes, magnets i'or operating said latter switches, and controlling switches for said latter magnets, lsubstantially as described.

153. The combination in an electrically controlled organ having a number o1 series of pipes and mechanism controlling the sounding of said pipes, of a series of switches for controlling the dillerent elements of said mechanism, sto p mechanism for controlling said switches, and multiple wound magnets l'or actuating said sto mechanism, with means for controlling t 1e operation of said latter magnets, substantially as described.

14. An electrically controlled organ including a plurality of series of pipes and valves for controlling the admission of air thereto, multiple wound magnets for controlling the valves, key controlled switches for governing the current ilow to one winding of any magnet or magnets, stop switches for controlling the flow of current to the second windings ot' the magnets of any series of pipes, multiple wound magnets for controlling the operation of said stop switches, and a plurality of switches respectively in circuit with the windings of said stop-switch magnets for con* trolling the same, substantially as described.

15. An electrically controlled organ including a plurality of series of pipes and valves for controlling the admission of air thereto, switches for controlling said valves, multiple wound magnets for controlling the operation of said stop switches, a plurality of switches respectively in circuit with the windings of said stop magnets for controlling the same, and means for rendering inoperative at will any one of said stop switch controlling magnets, substantially as described.

16. An electrically controlled organ including a plurality of series of pipes and valves for controlling the admission of air thereto,

multiple wound magnets for controlling the valves, key controlled switches for governing the current flow to one winding of any inagnet, or magnets, stop switches for controlling the ilow of current to the second winding ol' the magnets of any series of pipes, multiple wound magnets for controlling the operation of said stop switches, a plurality of switches respectively in circuit with thewindings of said stop magnets for controlling the same, and means for rendering i'ndperative at will any of said stop switch controlling magnets, substantially as described 17. An organ including a plurality ot pipes, a source of air, a valva lor each pipe for admitting air to it from said source, a magnet for each valve, a series of keys, each having a switch in circuit with one 'oi' the magnets, a source of current for said apparatus1 and stop mechanism including switches and electrical connections arranged to eo-act with said key switches to control the energie Zation of the magnets and the sounding ol' the pipes, substantially described.

An organ including a plurality ol pipes, a source of air, a valve for each pipe for admitting air to it from said source, a separate magnet for cach valve, a series oi keys, each key having a switch in circuit with the magnet of the corresponding pipe, and stop mechanism including means co-acting with each of said magnets for rendering the same effective to operatey the valve, with a source of current for said apparatus, substantially as described.

1S). An organ including a plurality ol pipes, a source of air, a valve for each pipe for admitting air to it from said source, a separate magnet for each valve, a series el" keys, each having a switch in circuit with one of the magnets, stop mechanism including an electro-magnetic device for each one of the pipes for rendering the magnet thereof ell'ective at will to operate its valve, and switches for controlling the energization of said devices, with a source of current for said apparatus, substantially as described.

20. An organ including a plurality of pipes, valves for said pipes, a separate magnet for controlling each of said valves, a source of current, a series of keys, a series of stops, key controlled switches and stop controlled switches, with circuits respectively including one of the key controlled switches, and a stop controlled switch for controlling the energization of each magnet, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM R. WHITEHORNE.

Witnesses:

R. W. LEIBERT, HELEN E. WHITEHORNE.

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