US880851A

US880851A - Railway signaling system.

Info

Publication number: US880851A
Application number: US32997306A
Authority: US
Inventors: Joseph A Wilson
Original assignee: Hall Signal Co
Current assignee: Hall Signal Co
Priority date: 1906-08-10
Filing date: 1906-08-10
Publication date: 1908-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 1925-03-03

Description

.PATENTED MAB. 3, 190a.

J, A. WILSON. RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM;

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10. 1908.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

8 l-UQWtQZ PATENT 1) A 1908. J. A. WILSON. E M R RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10. 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHBBT 2.

No. 880,851. I PATENTED MAR. s, 1908.

. J. A. WILSON.

RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 880,851. PATENTED MAR. 3, 1908.

-J. A. WILSON.

v RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG.10. 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 M 2%,, m WW M W 7 vide, in a railway signaling system, a plural- UNITED STATES Paras JOSEPH A. WILSON, OF WESTFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE HALL SIGNAL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 3, 1908.

Application filed August 10. 1906. Serial No. 329.973.

State of New Jersey, have invented a Rail way Signaling System, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to railway signaling,

systems.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a system in which one or more signals are controlled by electric circuits in which circuits electromagnets are included, each magnet having a plurality of coils, the

said electromagnets being caused to operate the circuit controllers for the signals by the reversal of current through some of the coils of the magnets, at the same time maintaining the flow of current through the one or more of the other coils of the electromagnets.

-Another object of my invention is to proity of electromagnets for actuating a circuit controller for a railway signal, each electromagnet being provided with a plurality of coils, the parts being so constructed and arranged that the coils of each magnet may add their magnetizing effects in attracting the controller or may work in opposition to each other, thus tending to neutralize their effects.

A further obj ect of my invention is to provide means for actuating the circuit controller of one signal in the block by the means heretofore referred to and in conjunction therewith to provide means for actuating another signal in the same block.

A further object of my invention is to provide in a railway signal system of the char acter described, suitable circuit controllers which afl'ect and control the operation of one or \pj e other of the signals of the system.

ith the above objects in view my invention consists in the parts, improvements and combinations particularly pointed out in the claims. I

Referrin now to the accompanying drawings, attac ed to this specification and forming apart thereofFigure 1 shows a railway signaling system embodying one form ofmy invention. Fig. 2 shows a railway signaling system embodying another form of my invention. Fig. 3 shows my invention. ap-

plied to the operation of a railway signaling system that utilizes electric motors for operating these signals. 'Fig. 4 shows my invention applied to a cut section when an insulated section, owing to excessive length, must be subdivided. I

An ordinary railway track is shown (ivided into the usual insulated track s'ec tions 1, 2, 3, and i, and the train 5 is repre sented as being in the track section i. The usual home signals 6, 7 and 8, and distant signals 9, 10 and 11, are provided, two for each section, and are shown as mounted on the usual signaling posts 12, 13 and 14. The home signals 6, 7 and 8 respectively, by means of rods 15, 16 and 17, operate the pole changersv 19, 20 and 21. These pole changers, according to their positions, reverse the flow of current flowing from the track batteries 22, 23 and 24. A plurality of

track relay circuits

25, 26 and 27, including the

track relays

28, 29 and 30, are provided tocontrol the home signals of each section.

Local batteries

31, 32 and 33, one for each section, are provided with local battery circuits to operate the translating device 34, 35 and36, that control the home signals 6, 7 and 8 respectively. The .-translating

device

34, 35 and 36, when energized close the circuits of the electric motors, valves, etc., that are used to actuate the signals. The particular manner in which the translating device controls the local motor may widely vary. One form of the control is illustrated in Fig. 3. At each section there is provided a translating device, designated as 37, 38 and.39 respectively, to control the distant signal of the section. The translating device 37 controls the distant signal 9; 38 controls 10, and 39 controls 1.1. The particular manner in which the translating device controls the distant signals may be widely varied, one means of control being shown in Fig. 3.

In acordanoe with my invention, I pro- =.,which another coil of the magnet is arranged,

one of said electromagnets, by reason of the current flowing through the circuits includin direction.

ing its coils, being constructed to actuate said controller in one direction and the other to actuate said controller in the reverse direction. In the particular embodiment of 5 my invention illustrated upon the drawings, the circuit controller is pivoted, and one of the magnets is arranged to rock the signal controller in one direction and the other is arranged to rock the signal controller in the opposite direction.

As illustrated upon the drawings the electromagnets 40 and 41 of section 2, are arran ed on opposite sides of the circuit contro or 42. Each electromagnet is made up of a plurality of coils, the coils of each electroinagnet being arranged in independent circuits. In order to suitably actuate and control the circuit controller-42, by means of the electromagnets 40 and 41, I have ar- 2 rangedthe circuits energizing the said magnet coils, as follows. The local battery 31 sends its current through the switch 32 controlled by the track relay 28 and through the

coils

43 and 4 4 of the magnets 40 and 41, the local circuits being completed through the translating device 34. The

coils

45 and 46 of the electromagnets 40 and 41 are shown as arranged in series with each other and in series withthe coils of the track relay 30 28. It will be observed that through the action of the pole changer of section 2, the

current from the battery 23 will have its direction reversed through the circuits 25,,28,

' 45 and 46, the current passing from the bat- 5 tery 23 to the track relay circuit 25, by

means of the rails. The flow of current through the

coils

45 and 46 will, therefore, alternate in direction, whereas the current through the coils 43 and 44 will be constant When the currents flowing through the circuits that include the

coils

43 and 45 respectively, are in the same direction the magnet becomes strongly enerized. I

, 5 In the best embodiment of my invention,

5 the coils 44 and 46-oppose their magnetizing effects and tend to neutralize the magnetizing fields produced b them, in other words, to deprive the coils 0 their magnetism. It

. will be observed, moreover, that the coils and 46 are connected in series with the track relay and rail circuit. Should the resistance of the rail circuit vary, as it does in wet and dry Weather, the current in each

coil

45 and 46 will vary the same amount. An adjust- 50 ment of the local-batte circuit will have an equal eflect on both coi s. If the current in the local battery circuit embracing the battery 31, is adjusted in strength so that the magnetizing effect produced-by'the current 5" flow in the coil 43 equals the magnetizing battery.

current flowing through corresponding coils'of the magnets 40 and 41, will alternately tend to neutralize and to augment the magnetizing effects produced by the

coils

45 and 46.

The circuits through the ma nets and associated instrumentalities In'ay e readily traced. In block 2 the current from the track battery 23' passes through the rails. through wire 25, track relay 28, coils 45 and 46, and returns through the rails to the track The local circuit starts through the battery 31, passes through the switch 32,

coils 43 and 44, returning by the home magnet 34 to the battery. The circuit .for the distant signal passes from the local battery 31 to switch 32, to circuitcontroller 42, and returns through the distant magnet 37 back to the local battery.

It is desirable to prevent the possibility of the distant signal of a section going to safety until the home signal of'that section has practically completed its movement to the safety position. result a circuit breaker 47 is placed in the circuit of the distant magnet 37, which circuit breaker is preferably mechanically oper ated by the movement of the home signal blade 6. The dotted line shown in Fig. 1

rod 15 indicates a mechanical connection between the parts. When the home signal has about reached the safety position it moves the circuit breaker 47 to. the closed position-shown in Fig. let the right hand section or block of the system. In all other .positions of the home blade the circuit breaker 47 is open, thus preventing the passa e of the current through the distant signa magnet 37. I

Having described the construction and op-' .eration of parts associated with one of the blocks, the construction of the remaining blocks will be readily understood.

Referring to block 3, 53 and 54 indicate the coils that are in series with the coils of the track relay 29 of that block. 55 and 56 indicate the coils that are in scries with the local battery 32. which actuate the circuit controller of the distant signal at block 3 are numbered 57 and 58 respcctively. The circuit controller 59 of the distant relay circuit controls the energization of the distant magnet 38 at block 3, and the circuit breaker 60 prevents the passage of the current through the distant magnet 38, until the home signal blade has about reached the safety position. 61 indicates the circuit controller operated by the track relay 29.

. In

block

4, 62 and 63 indicates the cores of the magnets that control the circuit controller'64; 65 and 66 indicate the coils of In order to accomplish thisconnecting the circuit breaker 47 with the i The cores of the magnets I these magnets in series with the track relay.

and 70 indicates therircuit breaker whichprevents the operation of the distant magnet 39 until the home signal blade, 8 hasgone'to safety. H y I In order, at t1mes,'to cut out of circuit, the

coils

45 and 46 that are in series with relay magnet 28, I make use of a switch 70 which,

as shown, is mechanically operated by arod indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1 as connected to rod 15. The connections also appear in Fig. 3. The corresponding switch is designatedby the numeral 70 in block 3, and by 70" in block 4. When a train enters a block, it moves both the signal blades to danger n the blockinld closes the switch 70, thus cutting out the coils and 66 in the occupied section and'placing the track relay 30 in direct'connectiouwitli the rails. \Vlien the train leaves the block, the full current strength from the track battery will pass through the coils of the trackrelay 30 without having to go through the coils 65 and 66. This increases the current strength through 30 and its attractive effect, enabling. it to readily pick up armature 69.

Referringnow to Fig. 2,1 have illustrated a different form of my distant signal relay from the form shown inFig. .1. I make use of a pluralh of electromagnets as inFig. 1, but instead of windingthetwo sets of coils of each electromagnet on the same core, I make useof the following means. A plurality of electromagnets 7.1 and 72 are provided, each of said electromagnets having a plurality-of sets of coils'soarra'nged thatthe magnetic effect produced by one coil one circuit, on the circuit controller 7 3 may either be added to or caused to neutralize the magnetic effect produced by another coil of the electro-magnet in another circuit. The current flowing through the relay circuit 74 passes through thetrack relay 75, then-through thecoils 76 on the leg .77 of the magnet 72, then to the coils 78 onthe leg 79 of the magnet 71, and then by means of wire 80 to one of the rails 81. The usual trackbattery 82 supplies the current to the rails 81 and track relay circuit of the section. The local battery 83 sends its current through the circuit controller 84' and coils 85 and 86 of the electromagnets 72 and 71 respectively,returning by means of' the other direction through the coils 76 and 7 8 of the electromagnets 71 and 72. The coils are so wound and arranged that the current flowing through the coil 7 8 may be caused to add its magnetizing effect to the current in 'duced by the coil 85.

the current flowing in the track relay 7 5 is reversed, coils 78 and 86 oppose their magnetic the coil 86, when the current flowing through the coil 76 neutralizes the magnetic field pro- When the direction of effects andcoils 76 and 85 add their effects. The circuit controller 73 is thus alternatel moved. to open or close the circuit 89, throng distant relay 90, the current for which is supplied by the local battery 83. The circuit reaker 91 prevents the'energization of the distant signal 90until the home signal blade 92 has reached its safety position. The switch 91 performs a function like that of switch in Fig. 1. It will'be understood that the home magnet 88 controls the movement of the home signal blade 92, and that the distant magnet 90 controls the movement of the distant signal blade 93. The rod 94 which is moved by the home signal operates the pole changer 95 of the adjacent section, thus controlling the flow of current from the track battery 96.

In Fig. 2, the home signal for the section adjacent to the occupied section is numbered 100, the distant signal 101, and the rod used to operate the pole changer 102 is numbered signal is numbered 107, the distant signal 108,

and the rod for operating the pole changer is numbered 109.

In the adjacent and occupied sections the same parts are used as in the first or end section. It will therefore be unnecessary to describe the parts more particularly. In the adjacent section the track relay is numbered 110 and 111 and 112 designate two of the coils of the relay for the distant signal, said "elay controlling the circuit controller 113. The

coils

114 and 115 of the distant relay are connected in series with the local battery 116 through the home signal ma st 117. The distant signal magnet 118 is included in the circuit, controlled by the circuit controller 113. The circuit breaker 119 and switch 91 perform a function like that effected by the circuit controller 91 and switch 91; In the occupied section the track relay is numbered 120, the coils of the distant relay arenumbered 121 and 122, these coils being in circuit with the track relay 120. The local battery 123 sends its current through the home signal magnetl 24 through the

coils

125 and 126 of the relay circuit controller 127. The circuit controller 127 controls the flow of current from the battery 123 to the distant magnet 128. The circuit breaker 129 and;

nections and arrangements of the switches and of the magnets and connections in. the practical embodiment of an ap aratus in a railway signaling system, as distinguished from the diagrammatical views in the other figures. The signal post 132 carries the homesi nal133 and distantsignal134. Rods 135 an 136 are connected to lever 137 and 138 respectively. These levers are actuated by

rods

139 and 140 from a gear wheel 141 the magnet 159.

driven by an electric motor 142, or other suitable source of power, through the train of

gears

143, 144 and 145. A track battery 146 is provided with a pole changer 147 operated through the rod 148 connected to the rod 135 which is in turn actuated by the rod 140.

The track relay 150 in the relay circuit 151 has its coils'connected in series with the

coils

152 and 153 of the distant relay consisting of the two electromagnets 154 and 155. The track relay 150 controls a switch 156, which closes a break in the home signal circuit, said I circuit passing through the

coils

157 and 158 of the magnets 154 and 155, and then returning by means of the home magnet 159 through the battery 160 and wire 161 to the switch 156. T/Vhen the switch 156 is closed by the track relay 150 it energizes the home magnet 159, which closes a shunt circuit from the battery 160, through the motor, by means of

thewires

162 and 163, said shunt circuit being closed by the contact switches 164 and 165 operated by the armature 166 of The armature 166 also op crates a detent or clutch 167 which engages under a suitable projection on the rod 140 to hold u the home signal 133 when the home signal ias been moved to danger.

The circuit through the distant magnet 168 is controlled by the circuit controller 169, the circuit passing through the switch 156 and then by wire 1.61 through battery 160,

wire 264, switch 170,wire 171 to distant magnet 168. In order to prevent the closin of the circuit through the distant signal be ore the home signal has reached the safety position the switch 170 operated by the rod 148 is provided, the said switch closing the break in the circuit of the distant signal magnet. When the distant signal magnet 168 is energized it attracts its armature 17 2, which closes a branch circuit from the local battery 160 as follows. Circuit controllers 173 and 174 having been closed by the arm 172 the currentruns through the wire 175 through the motor to wire 162' through the battery 160', returning by wires 163 to the circuit controllers 173 and 174. The arm 172 is provided with a detent or clutch 176 to hold the distant signal 134 at danger when it has been moved into position by the electric motor. The switch that short circuits the

coils

152 and 153 and which correspondsto the switch 7 0 of Fig. 1, is designated by the numeral 180 in Fig. 3; it contacts at suitable timcszwith contact point 181.

It isnecessary at times, when the track section between signal posts is so long that a single track battery is not suflicient to send a sufliciently powerful current through the rails of the section to operate the signal at the end of the section, to provide a cut section placing an additional battery at the out part of the section. I have shown in Fig. 4 my invention as applied to such a out section. The insulated section between signal posts 182 and 183 is cut and insulated at 184, thus providing two

rail sections

185 and 186. The circuit 187 illustrates part of the track relay circuit. The cut section relay circuit 188 is connected through the track relay 189 with the coils 190 and 191 of the cut section relay 192. The battery 193 sends its current through the circuit 194 and circuit breaker 195, wires 196 through the coils 197 and 1980f the cut section relay, the circuit being completed through the resistance 199. By means of these two circuits and the reversal of the current through one of them, namely, circuit 188, thearmature 200 of the cut section relay may be rocked in opposite directions about its pivot. By means of this armature the current from the battery 193 is sent to the rail section 185, the current fiow ing in one direction or in the reverse direction, according to the position of the armature 200. ith the parts as shown in Fig. 4, ourrent from battery 193 will pass through the wire 201 to switch 202, and then by Wire 203 to the rails 1.85 returning by means of wire tery 193 will pass through wire 201, contact point 207, switch 202, contact 208, wire 204, to the track section 185, the polarity of the current now being the reverse of what it was before, and current will return through rails 185, wire 203, connecting wire 209, contact point 210, switch 205, contact point 21 1, wire 196, circuit breaker 195, wire 194, back to the battery. By means of my invention, when the train leaves the section 186 and passes the signal post 183, the direction of the current will be reversed through the circuit 188, which will reverse the direction of the current through the section 185, the current through 185 being supplied by a fresh battery 193. 7

When the train enters the section 186, it will short circuit the battery at signal post 183, which short'circuits therelay circuit 188, the switch 195 drops, 'and the local battery circuit from battery 193 is opened. In other words, the section is kept dead. By this

tacts

213 and 214, thus short circuiting the coils and, 191, so that the full force of the current flowing from the rails 186 may pass through the windings of the relay magnet 189, when the train leaves section 1956.

Referring nowto Fig. 1 the operation of the device shown in the various figures of the the track relay 30 is denergized, the switch 69 is opened, the home signal magnet 36 is denergized and the home signal 8 goes to danger. The circuit through. the distant signal magnet 39 is broken at 70 and 69 and the.

distant signal magnet is denergized, sending the distant signal to danger. This operation, by means of the rod l7,throws over the pole changer 21, and reverses the flow of current in the rails 3 in the section behind the train. The current in the rails 3 passes through the track relay 29, which is unaffected by the reversal of current through its coils, .then through the coils 53 and 54 back to the rail circuit. The armature 61 of the track relay 29 closes the circuit of the battery 32 and the home signal magnet 35 is energized, the home signal thus going to safety. The flow of current through the coils 53 and-54 of the ma nets 57 and 58 having been reversed the coi 54 adds its effect to the coil 56 and. the coil 53 opposes its effect to the coil 55, so that the circuit controller 59 is moved to open the circuit of the distant signal magnet 38. The distant signal magnet is thus sent to danger.

Referring now to section 2, the movement of the home signal 7 to safety reverses the pole changer 20, which'reverses the flow of current through the

coils

45 and 46, so that the coil 45 adds its effect to the coil 43' and current through the track relay.

Various changes may be made without departing :from' the scope of my invention. Thesystem may be arranged with signals at normal danger instead of normally at safety.

My invention in its broader aspects is-not limited to the particular constructions and rel ative arrangements of the parts herein shown and described nor to any particular formof apparatus by whichthe invention may be carried into effect, as many changes may be made in the constructlon and relative arrangement of the parts as required to adapt the ap aratus to the circumstances of the 4 particu ar applicatin of the invention or to meet the personal; views of the engineer employed to carry the invention into effect without departing from the main principles of the invention and without sacrificing its chief advantages. i

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: 7

1Q In a. railway signaling system the combination of two magnetically separate electro-magnets each having two coil windings; a circuit controller operated by said magnets conjointly, a circuit containing one coil of each magnet, 51. second circuit containing the second coil of each magnet and means for varying the current to vary the field of one magnet. and oppositely vary the field of the other magnet.

2. In a railway signaling system the combination ofa circuit controller, a plurality of separate, independent, electro-m'agnets, means whereby one of said electro-magnets actuates said controller in one direction, means whereby another electro-magnet actuates said controller in the reverse direction,

3. In a railway signaling system, the combination of a circuit controller, a plurality of separate, independent, electro-magnets, means whereby one magnet moves said controller in one direction, means whereby another magnet moves said controller in the reverse direction and means for increasing the magnetic field of one magnet and simultaneously decreasing the magnetic field of the other magnet.

4. In a railway signaling system, the combination of a signal, a circuit including a battery, translating device and circuit controller for controlling the operation of said signal, means for actuating said circuit controller comprising a plurality of electromagnets, a plurality of coils for each of said magnets, means for energizing said coils, and means for reversing the flow of current through one coil of each magnet while the other coils of said magnets are energized.

.5. In a railway signaling system, the combination of a signal, acircuit including a battery, circuit controller and translating device for controlling the operation of said signal, a plurality of electromagnets arranged to move said circuit controller inopposite directions, a plurality of coils for each of said magnets, means for passing a current in a constant direction through a coil of each magnet, means for assing a current through another coil of eac magnet, and means for nets.

6. In a railway signaling system, the combination of a signal, a local circuit including a battery, translating device and a circuit controller for actuating said signal, a plurality of electromagnets for moving said circuit controller in opposite directions, a plurality of coils for each electromagnet, each coil of one magnet being in circuit with a corresponding coil of another magnet, means for passing a current in a constant direction through one set of coils, means including a battery for passing a current through another set of coils, a pole changer for said battery, and train controlled means for actuating said pole changer.

7 In a railway signaling system, the com bination of a signal, a local circuit including a battery, translating device and a pivoted circuit controller for actuating said signal, a plurality of electroma nets for rocking said pivoted circuit controller in opposite directions, a plurality of coils for each electromagnet, each coil of one magnet being in circuit with a corresponding coil of another magnet, means for passing a current in a constant direction through one set of coils, means including a battery for passing a current through another set of coils, a pole changer for said battery, and train controlled means for actuating said pole changer.

8. In a ra1lway signaling system, the combination of a signal, a local circuit including a battery, translating device and'a circuitcontroller for actuatingsaid signal, a switch in said circuit, a track relay in a track circuit for operating said switch, a plurality of electromagnets for moving said circuit controller in opposite directions, a plurality of coils for each clectromagnet, means for passing a cur rent in a constant direction through one set of coils, means, including a track battery, for passing a current through another set of coils, a pole changer for said battery and train controlled means for actuating said pole chan er.

9. n a railwaysignaling system, thecombination of a signal, a local circuit including a battery, translating device and a circuit controller for controlling said signal, ,a switch in said circuit, a track relay in a track circuit for operating said switch, a plurality'of electromagnets for moving said circuit controller in opposite directions, a plurality of coils for each electromagnet, a coil of one magnet bein circuit with a correspondim 0011 of an in other magnet and in circuit with a coil of said track relay, means'for passing a current in a constant direction throu h one set of coils, means, including a traci battery, for passing a current through another set of coils and said track relay, a pole changer for said track battery and train controlled means for actuating said pole changer.

10. In a railway signaling system, the combination of a distant signal, a local circuit including a battery, translatingdevice and circuit controller for actuating s ai d,-,signal, a

eeaes 1' said circuit controller, a plurality of coils for each electromagnet, ahome signal, a translatin devicefor controlling the operation of said ionic signal, a switch, a track relay for operating said switch, means for connecting in circuit one set of coils of said electromagnets with the translating device and switch for the home signal, means for connecting another set of coils of the electromagnets in oil'- cuit with the translating device for the distant signal and the coil of the track relay, means for passing a current in a constant direction through one set of coils and the circuits connected therewith, and means, including a track battery, for passin a current through another set of coils and the circuits connected therewith, a pole changer for said track battery and train controlled means.

lay for operating said switch, a short circuit-.

ing switch, means for actuating said short circuiting switch so as to connect one set of coils in series with said track relay or to short circuit said coils as desired, means for passing an electric current in a constant direction through one set of coils, and means for reversing the flow of current through the other set of coils and the coil of the track I relay.

12. In a railway signaling system, the combination of a distant signal, a local circuit including a battery, translating device and circuit controller for controlling the operation of said signal, means for actuating said circuit controller, comprising a plurality of electromagnets, a plurality of coils for each of said magnets, a-home si nal, a translating device for said home signa a switch for controlling the operation of said translating device, a track relay for actuating said switch, a short circuiting switch, connections between the' home signal and said short circuiting switch, said short circuiting switch being constructed and arranged to short circuit one set of coils of said magnets or toplace thern'in circuit with the coil of the said track relay, means for passing an electric current through one set of coils of said magnets, means for reversing the flow of current through the other set of coils and the coil of the track relay.

13. In a railway signaling system, the combination of a plurality of insulated track sections, a home and distant signal foreach of said sections, a plurality-of local circuits, each circuit including a local battery, translating device and circuit controlle r for controlling the 0 eration of the. distant signal, a plurality 0 branch local circuits, each branch circuit including a battery and trans lating device for operating the home signal, a plurality of electromagnets in each section, a plurality of coils for eachof said magnets, the electromagnets of each section being arranged to move the circuit controller for the distant signal of said section in opposite directions, means for passing the current of the local battery constantly in one direction through one set of coils of the'electromagnets belonging to said section, a track relay for each section, a switch for making and bre,ak

for said battery, and connections between the home signal of one'section and the pole changer of the adjacent section. I

14. .In a railway signaling system, the combination of a circuit controller, and means for directly, operating said controller, consisting of a plurality of separate, magnetically inde pendent clectro-magnets, a plurality of coils for one of said magnets, a separate circuit containing one of said coils, a track circuit including the other of said coils, a track magnet, and a pole changer anda signal controlled by the track magnet and by the circuit controller.

15. In a railway signaling system, the com-' current for energizing one of said coils, a

track circuit including the other of said coils, a track magnet, a, pole changer; a distant signal controlled by said circuit controller and said track magnet, and a home signal controlled by said track magnet.

16. In an electric railway system, the com "bination of a plurality of magnets each hav ing two coils and located near the end of a track section, a source of current for energizing one coil of eachlmagnet; a track circuit including the other coil of each magnet, a track magnet and a pole changer; sald pole changer being located at-the other end'of said track section, train controlled means for op erating said polechanger, a signal controlled by said track magnet and another signal controlled by said track magnet and the plurality of magnets. I

17. In an electric railway system, the combination of a circuit controller, two electromagnets arranged to move said circuit controller in o posite directions, a plurality of coils for eac of said magncts a local battery for passing current in a constant direction through one, coil of each magnet, means for passing a current through the other coil of each magnet, a pole changer for reversing the direction of current. through the last named coils and a track circuit and train controlled means for'actuating said pole changer.

18. In a railway signaling system, the combination of a signal, a local circuit including a battery and a circuit controller for controlling said signal, a switch in said circuit, a-

track relay for operating said switch, two electromagnets for moving said circuit con troller in opposite directions, two coils for each magnet, a coil of one magnet being in circuit with a corresponding'coil of'another magnet and in circuit with the coil of said track relay, means for passing a current in a constant direction through one set of coils,

means including a track battery for passing a current through another set of coils and said track relay, a pole changer for said track battery, a track circuit and train controlled means for actuating said pole changer.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH A. WILSON.

Witnesses:

L. M. Wniranna, HARvEY J. Gannnwoon.