US895101A - Two-phase pumping system. - Google Patents

Description

No. 895,101. PATENTED AUG. 4, 190a.

' G. c. MQFARLANE.

TWO PHASE PUMPING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JAE. 18,1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR 7 PATBNTED AUG. 4, 1908.

G. c. McFARLANE.

TWO PHASE PUMPING SYSTEM.

APPLIOATIOH FILED JAN.18,1908.

2 SkIIETS SHBET 2" WITNESSES: v r INVENTIORJ AT ORNEY a liquid to be lifted.

. GEORGE C. MC'FARLAN E, OF SAGIXAW, MICHIGAN.

TWO-PHASE PUTMPING SYSTELL Specification of Letters Patent.

\g tentea Aug. 4., 1908.

Application filed January 1a, 1908. Serial No. 11,465}.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE C. McFAn- LANE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Saginaw, in the county of Saginaw and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Two Phase Pumping Systems; and I- do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to two phase pum ing systems, one object of which is to enab e an ordinary pump to be placed a great distance away from and a considerable distance above the water or other liquid to be pumped.

l'Vith my s stem a boiler feed pump might be located several hundred feet above the A mine station pump could be used for raising the water from the bottom of the shaft twoor three-hundred feet below the station. Furthermore, the main station pumps can be employed for lifting liquid from distant sumps below the level of the station.

Another object is to utilize a portion of the liquid lifted to the first station for instance, to draw a full charge into the system.

A still further object is to utilize the force of the injector jet of liquid to compress the air in a suitable chamber to such an extent that the air )IQSSUIQ in such chamber will elevate the fu l charge to the first station.

Another object attained is the automatic operation of the reversing mechanism, whereby the same pipe or conduit is alternately used for the descending injector jet and the ascending column of water actuated by the pressure in the air chamber.

To these and other ends my invention c0n sists in certain novel features and combinations, such as will be more fully described hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side view showing my invention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the reversing gear; Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the reversing gear on the line r-r Fig. 4'is a detail view of the ratchet and pawl mechanism; and Fig. 5 is :1 pers cctive detail view of the hooks.

'l to operation of the system briefly is as follows: The combination of an automatically-actuated reversing gear, with a pump will cause the latter to alternately force water into anelevating pipe and into a discharge pipe rcspectivcly. During the first phase, the water forced into the elevating conduit is directed through an injector into an air chamber. the injectorand air chamber being laced just above the level of the liquid to e pumped. The passage of the liquid from the injector to the air chamber operates to create a vacuum in a suction chamber to which is connected a suction pipe leading below the surface of the liquid to be pumped.

The vacuum draws water through the suc- V tion pipe into the chamber where it commingles and is carried with the jet of liquid into the air chamber, compressing the air therein. During the second phase, the pump forces water into the discharge line from a receiving tank and the (JOIIIPI'E'SSEd air in the air chamber operates to force the water therein through a Irv-pas into the elevating conduit, the latter discharging into the receiving tank from whence it is pumped into the discharge line. Thus it is seen that liquid from the receiving tank is forced down through the inj ector to draw a further su )ply into the system and also liquid from the receiving tank is pumped into the dischar e line.

(A) indicates a pump cylinder, the piston in which is reciprocated in the usual manner by a steam or other motor (B), piston-rod (1) being shown between the two cylinders. A steam or other power supply pipe (9) leads to the motor (B). A reservoir (2). is located beneath the pump cylinder at any convenieut point. the lower cud (3) of a suction pipe (4) being submerged beneath the level of liquid in the Wscrvoir. the upper end of the suction pipe conununicating with the pumping cylinder. An outlet pipe (5) leads from the pumping cylinder. the outlet pipe comnmuicating respectively with a discharge pipe (6) and with a descendin pipe section (7) conununicsring with the elevating conduit (S).

A reversing gear is operativcly associated with the pumping system, one form of such reveising mechanism being constructed as follows: Conveniently suspended above the pump is a liar UOL clamps (11) (11) connecting the harm the supp y iipe (9) and the discharge pipe {6) respective y, for support. Obviously other supports may be utilized in place of the pipes mentioned. Located intermediate the ends or" the bar (10) is an inverted U-saaped hanger (l2) embracing the bar, the walls of the hanger depending beheath the barshaft (13) is ournalcd in the walls of the hanger, a ratchet wheel (14) being keyed to the bar between the walls of the hanger. A spring-pressed pawl (15) pivotally mounted in the hanger prevents )ack motion of the ratchet. A yoke (16) embraces the ratchet, the ends of the yoke being pivoted on shaft (13), a springpressed pawl (17) being pivoted in the yoke and engaging the ratchet to rotate the latter stcp-by-step. Depending from the yoke is a lever (18) whose lower end lies in juxtaposition to a pin (19) carried, for instance, by the reciprocating piston rod (1). Thus as the piston rod reclprocates, motion will be imp'arted to the lever to swing it in one direction. The lever might be positively oscillated by the pump or the gravitational force might be depended upon to swin the lever back to the vertical position, but I prefer to employ the following means: Projecting substantially at right angles from the lever is an arm (20) the outer end of which is slotted, as at (21) to loosely receive the lower end of a pin or bolt (22) pivotally secured to the bar (10). A coil spring (23) encircles the pin, one end of the spring bearing against a fixed collar (24), the o posite end of the sprin engaging a loose co lar (25) slidable on the bolt, the tension of the spring retaining the loose collar in constant engagement with the outer end of the arm (20). An adjustable collar (26) on the lower end of the bolt constitutes a sto against which the outer end of the arm (20) is held by the 5 )ring. Movement of the lever (18) toward tie right (in Fig. 1) will im art a partial rotation to the ratchet (14) an will simultaneously swing the outer end of the arm (20) upward against the tension of the spring, the bolt moving slightly in the arc of a circle to accommodate the swing of the arm (20). As the arm (20) swings upward it will bear against the loose collar (25) and com ress the spring (23). The movement of t ie pin (19) on the piston rod toward the left (in Fig. 1) would ordinarily leave the lever at its limit of movement, but the force of the spring (23) acting against the arm (20) retains the lower end of the lever against the pin (19) and moves the lever and its pawl (17) back to vertical position. Adjustment of the collar (26) will adjust the throw of the lever and consequently the step -by step movement impart ed to the ratchet.

The shaft (13) projects through the walls of the hanger (12) and disks (27) (27') are secured to each projecting end of such shaft, the disks carrying the laterally ext-ending eccentrically located studs (28), the studs being always in alinement with each other. On opposite sides of the hanger (12) are lo cated the hangers (28) (28) and (29) (29) respectively of a general L-shape, the hangers (28) (28) extending laterally away from one side of the bar and then depending in a plane substantially parallel therewith, the hangers directions.

(29) (29) occupying relatively the same positions on the opposite side of the bar. The lower depending ends of the respective hangers or brackets (28) and (29) are slotted, as at (30). Bars (31) and (32) are slidably received in the slots in the respective l angers (2S) and (29), the bars extending in pposite To the inner ends of each of the respectivebars (31) and (32) arehi'nge-securc the double hooks (33) (34) and (35) (36), one form of which is shown in Fig. 5. These pairs of hooks are so connected to the inner ends of the respective bars (30) and (31) as to have movement in one direction only awa from the horizontal. Thus the pair of hoo s (33) (34) can swing upwardly above, but not downwardly below the horizontal.- On the other hand. the 1pair of hooks (35) (36) can swing downwarr below, but not above the horizontal. Leaf-springs (37) carried by the respective bars (31) (32) overlap the respec-, tive pairs of hooks to normally retain them in alinement with their supporting bars.

The inner-most hooks (33) and (35) of each air engage the studs (28) of the respective disks (27) (27) the hook (33) taking over its stud (28) from above and hook (35) engaging its stud (28) from below. The outer-most hooks engage pins as hereinafter set forth. The outer ends of the respective bars (31) and (32) are encircled by springs (38) (38), the inner ends of the springs bearing against the adjacent brackets (28) and (29), respectively, the outer ends of the springs engaging shoulders (39) on the bars. Bar (32) is provided with a slotted extension (40). The steam inlet pipe (9) is equipped with a throttle valve (41) from which a. lever (42) extends, the lever having a pin (43) slidingly received in the slot in extension (40).

The discharge pipe (6) and the descending pipe section (7) are each e nipped with va ves (44) and (4.5) respective y. The elevating conduit (8) is provided with a branch (46) discharging into the sump or reservoir (2), the branch provided with a valve (47). Valve (44) controls the passage of liquid to the discharge pipe (6); valve (45) controls the passage of liquid from the pump to the descending pipe section (7); and valve (47) controls I re admission of liquid from the elevating pipe section to the branch (46) and prevents the admission of li uid from the (escending pipe section to tie sump (2).

These valves may be conveniently located anywhere so long as they accomplish these ur oses.

Pivotally suspended from the supporting bar (10) by means of links (62) (62) are the connecting rods (63) (64) preferably parallel with each other and lying on opposite sides respectively of the bar (10). The inner ends of the connecting rods are engaged b the links (62), the outer end of each rod lieing pivotally connected to the adjacent arms of the respective connected by means of a link (66) with the arm of a bell crank lever (67) controlling the valve (45), the remaining arm of said bell crank lever (67) being connected by means of a link (68) with an arm (68) controlling valve (47). Each of the connecting link (63) and (64) is provided with an car (69) carrying a laterally projecting pin (70) adapted to be engaged by the hooks (34) and (36), that is to say, the pin carried by the link (63) is engaged by the hook (534), the pin carried by the link (64) being engaged by the hook (36).

The lower end of the elevating pipe leads to the bottom of the shaft or mam reservoir for instance and terminates in an injector nozzle (48) inclosed in a tapering suction chamber (49). A strainer (50) and foot valve (51) are connected to .the suction chamber, and the. velocity head of the liquid descending through the elevator pipe and in the tube.

issuing through the nozzle (48) will create a suction in the chamber to draw a volume of water through the strainer and past the foot valve into the suction chamber. The mixed liquids (from the elevating pipe and from the reservoir) flow past a check valve (52) located in a pipe (53) leading to an air ehamber (54).

Provision may be made for admitting a small quantity of air to the suction chamber (49) by means of a small tube (55) passing into the chamber and terminating in a fine nozzle (56) within the suction chamber, the amount of air being regulated by a valve (57) The object of admitting a small quantity of air to the chamber is to re lenish the amount of air in the air chamber (54) which may escape with the water from time to time and also to maintain such air fresh and sweet.

In order to prevent the liquid in the (have her (49) from kicking back through the air inlet nozzle (56), I may place a check valve (58) in the tube (55). And in order to relieve the airchamber (54) of surplus air drawn in through the nozzle (56) I equip such chamber with an air relief valve (59)- Normally the air chamber (5-1) will be filled with compressed air above the level of the T air relief valve (59). A by-pass (60) leads from pipe (53) to the elevating conduit (8). 1

the by-pass having a check valve (61) therein to prevent descending liquid m the elevating conduit from passmg through the by-pass.

c ll crank levers (65) (65) controlling the valve (44). The opposite arm of one of said bell crank levers (65) is The operation of my invention is as fol;

lows: Assuming the parts to be in the position shown in Fig. 1, the piston rod (1) moving in the direction of the arrow. Also assume that the pump (A) has drawn in a 1 charge of ll( uid from the receiving tank or sump (2) which will be expelled as the piston travels toward the right -(intlre drawings). The expulsion stroke of the piston, therewith the lever (18), causing the pawl (17)' engaging the ratchet (14) to partially rotate the latter and with it the disks ('27) (27) carrying the pins (28") (28") in a counter clockwise direction. From an inspection of rhe'parr: it w ll be seen that the further rotation of disk (27) in the direction of the arrow will operate "to release the pin (28) carried by the disk from the hook (333). This allows the full tension of the compressed spring (38) to be brought against the bar (31) drawing said bar and its hooks (33) (34) with it to ward the right, in the drawings. The hook 34) engaging thepin on link (63) carries the link also toward the right, which through the mechanism described operates to close valves (44) and (47) and open valve ll-15). This movement need not necessarily be timed with any particular expulsion or suction stroke as the piston makes several trokes when the valves are in either of their are positions, nor need the movement of the elves be timed with regard to the commencement of such expulsion stroke as they can be operated during such a stroke to reverse the pump and shunt the liquid from the discharge pipe (6) to the elevating pipe (7) or from the pump to the discharge pipe. The compressed spring (38) having drawn the connecting link (63) toward the right with the result noted, the )ump continues to draw water from the tank (2) and delivers it through elevating pipe (8) to the injector nozzle (-18). The liquid issuing from the njector nozzle under great pressure operates to draw additional liquid through the strainer (50) into the suction chamber 9) where it mingles with the injected quid and is carried past the check valve 51) into the air chamber (54) compressing the air therein. The force of the water doscending in pipe (8) aids the spring of check valve (61) to retain the valve closed against the constantly-incrcasing pressure exerted by the water in the air chamber (54) and bypas (6')).

hen the connecting link (63) moved toward the right under the pressure of the 38), it ceased its movement with the overlapping the right-hand side of e diss (27). While the pump continued to ace water down the pipe (8) the ratchet was operated to bring the pin (28) on disk 21') around to the hook (233) and as the pin 28) passes above the horizontal diameter of the disk it is engaged by the book. 8 Further rotary movement of the disk will bend the book (33) against the tension of the spring @337) and draw the bar (31)toward the he: to the position shown in Fig. 1 to comwres spring (38). As the hooks (33) and 31) :1t\ connected through the bar fore. will bring the pin (l Ti'ntoengagemenL (31) the New.-...... ms... .mwm wwmw m caused the liquid from the inafter explained, the hook (34) taking over (35) of bar hook (34) is moved to the left also. The link (63) is returned to the position shown in Fig. 1, by the operation of ink (64), as herethe pin at the limit of its movement toward the left. The closing of valves (44) and (47) and the openin of valve (45) when the link (63) is moved toward the right pump to travel through pipe (5) to pipes (7) and (S) and down such pines to the injector. \Yhen valves (47) and (44) are opened and valve (45) is closed, the descending column of liquid in pipe (8) is shut oit, the liquid then being pumped through discharge pipe (6). As soon as the pressure of the liquit column in pipe (8) is relieved the compressed air in chamber (54) forces the commingled injected liquid and new charge through by-pass (60) and up the elevatin pipe (7) to the branch (46) leading to tan (2), replenishing the tank with liquid as it is emptied by the suction pipe (4) and forced out through )ipe (6). The disk (27) rotates with disk (27) and as the pin on disk (27) releases itself from the hook (33), the pin (28) on disk (27) is just en aging the hook (35) to draw it toward the rig it together with the bar (32) to compress spring (38). When the disk (27' has rotated so that its pin (28) passes above the hori-- zontal diameter of the disk, the hook (35) is released from the pin, allowing the bar (3.2) to be moved toward the left under the tension of the spring (38). Link (64) similar to link (63) is connected to the bellcrank (65) controlling valve (44), the hook (36) of the bar (32) taking over a pin (70) carried by such link (64). Hence just as the pin (28) of disk (27) is picking up the hook (33) of bar (31), pin (28") on disk (27) releases hook (32), whereby to reverse the pump by closing valve (45) and opening valves (44) and (47). The movement of link (64) to the left throws link (63) back to its position (shown in Fig. 1), since both links are connected through the valve (44) and bell cranks (65). Obviously movement of the link (63) to the right will carry with it the link (64) to a position where the pin (70) on link (64) can be engaged by the hook (36). In this way/the pump is reversed.

It will be remembered that if desired, the sliding bar (32) may have a slotted extension-(40) which slot receives a pin (43) carried by a lever (42) controlling the steam supply to the pump. \Vhen the pump is delivermg liquid through the discharge pipe (6), it may be that less pressure will be needed than when the pump is delivering water to the elevating pipe (8). Therefore, as the valves (44) and (47) are opened the throttle valve (41) controlling the steam supply is partially closed to slow down the pump.

While the disks (27) (27) make one-half a revolution, the pump is forcing water down pipe (8) and during the other half of the revolution the pump forces water out through pipe (6). The number of strokes of the piston necessary to. drive the disks through a half revolution is determined by the throw of the lever (18). The quantity of liquid forced through the injector 1s intended to draw in an approximately siniilar quantity through the foot valve. Durin the second phase the full quantity of liquid in the air-chamber (54) is forced u through the elevator pipe (8). By adjusting the slotted extension (40), the valve (41) may be operated on either phase of movement ,of the pump, depending upon which phase requires the expenditure of the most power.

The general arrangement of parts may be varied and certain of the elements omitted without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus fully disclosed my invention, what I claim as new is -1. A pumping system comprising a pump,

,a discharge conduit leading therefrom, a relevating pipe connecting the discharge conduit and suction chamber, the elevating pipe terminating in an injector within the suction chamber, a by-pass around the suction chamber connecting the air chamber to the elevating pipe, a check valve in the by-pass, a branch leading-from the elevating pipe to the tank, valves in the branch and in the elevating pipe and reversing gear actuated by the pump for reversing the valves. I

2. A pumping system comprising a pump, an air chamber, means connecting the pump and air chamber, a suction device interposed in said connecting means, a by-pass around said suction device, a receiving tank from which the pump draws its supply, a branch leading from the connecting means to the tank, valves in the connecting means and in the branch and reversing mechanism eon. trolled by the pump for operating the valves.

3. A pumping system comprising a pump located at a distance from the source of supply, an air chamber located adjacent the source of supply, means for conducting a jet of liquid under pressure from the pump to the air chamber, a suction device interposed in the conducting means to permit the et to draw a volume of liquid from the source into the air chamber, a tank into which the air chamber discharges its contents, valves in the conducting means and in the discharge from the air chamber to the tank, and reversing gear controlled by the pump for actuating the valves.

4. A two-phase pumping system comprising a pump, an air chamber, a conduit con nccting the pump and air chamber, a suction with the suction chamber opposite the inector, a pump connection from the pump to the 11]]0Ct01 and adapted to alternately concharges, valves controlling the direction of flow of the liquid delivered from the puntp.

and reversing mechanism controlled by the pump for actuating the valves.

5. A two-phase pumping system compr sing a pump, asupply tank for the pump. pipe leading from the tank to the pump, main supply located some distance beneath the pump, a suction chamber communicating with the main supply, an air chamber in COR}.

munication with the suction chamber, a connection leading from the pump to the suction chamber, a by-pass around the suction chamher from the air chamber to the pump conn ction, a check valve in the by-pas a branch leading from the connection to the supply tank, a valve in the branch, a valve in the pump connection above the branch, an automatic reversing gear actuated by th pump, a linkage connecting the reveisin" gear and the valves in the unip connectien. and in the branch, and a (ischarge leadin from the pump connection.

6. A pumping system comprising a pinupa main su )ply located some distance away from and eneath the pump, a supply tar-i: f

communicating with the pump, a suction chamber communicating with the main supply, an injector extending into the suction chamber, an air chamber communicatir vey descending and ascending columns 0:. liquid, a discharge ipe communicating with the connection, a branch leading from the connection to the supply tank, valves in the branch and in the connection above the branch respectively, a reversing gear actuated Ly the pump, a linkage connecting ti reversing gear and valves to alternately open one and close the other automatically and s. T7

by-pass leading from the air chamber ftl'DtHld the suction chamber to the pump connectiol 7. In a pumping system, the combinatio': with a pump, of a. suction chamber in con:-

munication with a source of liquid supply, a:

air chamber communicating with the suctio chamber, a connection from the pump to th suction chamber, means for admitting air to the suction chamber, means for permittm; the escape of air from the air chamber, and

by-pass from the air chamber to the pump f connection.

S. In a pumping system, the combinati n with a pump, of a suction chamber in con.- znunication with a source of liquid supplyan air chamber communicating with the suction chamber, a connection from the pump to the suction chamber, means for admitting air 21.-

the suction chamber, a check valve in said connection, and a check valve in the by-passQ 10. A pumping system comprising a pump, a main supply located at a distance, a supp y tank communicating with the pump, an air chamber adjacent the main supply, a conchamber and communicating with the main supply for storing a charge of ll( uid from the 3111111) and from the mam supp y in the air chamber, a separate connection between the air chamber and the conductor, a branch leading from the conductor to the tank, a discharge pipe leading from the conductor, valves in the conductor and in the branch for controlling the passage of liquid up or down in the conductor, a reversin mechanism actuated by the pump, and a linkage connecting the valves and reversing mechanism.

11. A two-phase pumping system comprising a pump, a main supply ocated at a distance, an air chamber, a conductor from the pump to the air chamber, the conductor in communication with the main supply, a lay-pass between the conductor and tie air clmmbcl, a supply tank in communication j with the pump, a discharge from the conductor to the supply tank, valves controlling the direction of low of liquid in the conductor and reversing mechanism connected with the f} valves. ll

12. A reversing mechanism for pumping systems comprising a valve mechanism, suitably suspended connecting links secured -1, thereto, separate power actuated means i adapted to engage t to respective links, a r0- atable member, means on the rotatable member adapted to engage the power-actuated means to alternately store power in one or the other, and means for actuating the rotatable member.

13. The combination with a valve mechanism, of a pair of suitably-supported coni necting links secured thereto, oppositely mounted slidable bars, springs adapted to acruate the respective bars in opposite direciions, means carried by the bars adapted to releasably engage the respective connecting links, and a rotatable member adapted to releasably engage the respective sliding bars 1 alternately to store energ in their respective l springs.

l 14. A pumping system comprisingapump,

ductor leading from the pump to the airl i i i i l l i i I a l i l a. liquid supply for the map, a wai er elevator,

i mechanism for operating the valves, means for int-reducing liquid from a main supply into thconductor, and a pipe for conveying liquid from the elevator.

15. 3; two phase pumping s'stem comprising a conductor, separate pun'iping means for forcing liquid alternately in opposite dirs-riions in the conductor, an intake 'conunimjcating with one of said pumping means. means for introducing liquid from a main liq-raid supply into the conductor to supply the remaining pumping means, a discharge pipe from the conductor, a delivery pipe connecting one of said pumpingmeans and thetCOlldUCtOI', valves for controlling the direction of movement of liquid in the conductor. :fllld reversing mechanism actuated by one (of said pumping means for controlling the valves.

16- A two-phase pumping system comrisingza conductor, separa te pumping means ocate-J; at o posit-e ends of the conductor for forcing iquid alternately in opposite directions therethrough, means for introducirr quid from a main supply into the condue- 'ir adjacent one of the pumping means am intake communicating with the other of the pumping means, valves controlling the direction of low of the liquid in the continent- 1", a discharge pipe, and a reversing mechanism for simultaneously operating the valvesp 17. A reversing mechanism comprising a valve apparatus, a pair of reciprocating links connected therewith so that the movement 1: one link will actuate the other through ."ihe valve apparatus, oppositely disposed spring actuated members adapted to engage respective links, a rotatable member adapts-vino releasably engage the springactuate d members to alternately place the springs under tension, and means for operating the rotatable member. i

18. A reversing mechanism comprising a suitable frame, a ratchet journaled in the framemeans for actuating the ratchet, disks .r ved with the ratchet, a pin projecting Er each disk, oppositely extending bars sn dably mounted in the frame, each bar carry i a spring, a pair of hooks pivotally to each bar, the hooks on the bars of a movement in one direction only e longitudinal axis of the bar, the

arcs of movement of the hooks on the respec tive bass being opposite one another, means for yiwdingly retaining the hooks in alinemen: with the bars, one of each pair of hooks adapted to be releasably engaged by the pin of its adjacent disk to place the springs under tension, a valve, connecting links att-ached to the valve, and pins on the links engaged by the remaining member of the res )BCtlVQ mils of hooks as the pin on the adjacent disk discngagcs itself from the other member of the respective pairs of hooks, the sliding bars being alternately reciprocated to actuate the valve.

19. A pumping system pump, a liquid supply therefor, a conductor 1n communication witl. the nunp, a discharge lcading from the con uctor, va ves controlling thedirection of flow of liquid in the conductor, a reversing mechanism controlling the valves and a water elevating means in communication with amain supply, means communicating with the con-- ductor for introducing liquid from the main supply into the enter elevating means, the water eievating means being actuated by liquid under pressure from the conductor.

20. A two-phase pumping system comprising a pump, a liquid supply therefor, a conductor communicating with the pump, a. discharge pipe for liquid from the pump, valves controlling the flow of liquid to the discharge or to the conductor, a reversing mechanism actuated by the pump for con trolling the "alvcs, a water elevator, the conductor communicating with the water ele vator and with a liquid sup )ly therefor, means for introducing liquid irom a main supply into the conductor, a connection leading directly from the water elevator to the conductor and a branch discharge from the conductor for liquid from the water elevator.

21. A two-phase pumping system comprising a conductor, separate pumping means located at and in communication with the opposite ends of the conductor for forcing liquid alternately in opposite directions therethrough, the conductor being in communication with a main supply adjacomprising a cent one of the pumping means, a reservoir,

means connecting one of the pumping means with the reservoir, a discharge pipe leading from a. point intermediate the ends of the conductor to the reservoir, valves controlling the direction of flow of the liquid in the conductor, means in the conductor con nected with a main liquid supply for introducing liquid therefrom into the conductor, 'a reversing mechanism for simultaneously operating the valves, and a discharge pipe for the liquid introduced into the system from the main supply.

22. A pumping system comprising a ump, a liquid supply therefor, a conductor into which the pump eject-s liquid, one end of the conductor constituting adischarge,

therewith, valves pump) a series of valves controlling the direction of How of the liquid in the conductor, and a reversing mechanism controlling the valves, l

23: In a reversing mechanism for pumps, the combination with a valve, of a revoluble member,* sliding bars, means for moving the bars in opposite directions, a plurality of hooks carried by each of the respective bars, one hook on each'bar adapted to be releasably engaged by the revoluble member to store power in the bar-actuating means, and connectinglinks secured to the valve, the respective links adapted to be engaged by the remaining hook on the respective adjacent bars.

24 A pumping system comprising a pump, a conductor communicating therewith. valves in the conductor controlling the direction of tl'owof liquid, a motor for actuating the pump, a steam supply for the motor, a valve in the steam supply, and a reversing gear for sinmltaneously actuating the valve in the conductor and. the valve,

in the steam supply.

25. In a pumping system, the combination of a pump. a conductor communicating in the conductor controlling the direction of llow of liquid, a motor for actuating the pump, a steam supply for the motor, a valve in the'steam supply and a reversing gear comprising a plurality of spring actuated bars, links adapted to be engaged by the bars, suitably actuated means engaging the bars for placin their springs under tension and then re easing the bars, the links connected with the valves in the conducti' r, an extension carried by one of the bars and a lever connected to the valve in the steam supply and slidingly engaged by the extension.

26. In a reversing mechanism for pumps, the combination with a valve, of springactuated bars movable in opposite directions. links connected to the valve, means engaging the bars for placing their springs under tension and then releasing the bars, the bars adapted to engage and draw the links with them to actuate the valve.

27. A pumping system comprising a pump. an injector mechanism communicating with a main liquid supply, a conductor connecting the pump and in'ector, the pump adapted to force liquid through the conductor to the injector, an air chamber from the injector is received, the injector draw liquid therefrom and orce it into the air chamber, a check valve interposed between the injector and air chamber, a bypass leading from the air chamber to the conductor around the injector, a check valvein the by-pas an extension of the conductor constituting a discharge from the pump, valves located in the conductor on opposite sides of its connection with the fromthe conductor intermediate the pump and the injector, and an automatic reversing mechanism for controlling the valves to change the direction of low of liquid in the conductor.

'29. A pumping system comprising a pump, an injector, mechanism communicating with a main liquid supply, a conductor connecting the pump and in'ector, the pump adapted to force liquid through the conductor to the injector, an air chamber into which the injector discharges, means for supplying air to the air chamber, a check valve interposed between the injector and the air chamber, a pipe for conveying liquid from the air chamber, and a valve in the pipe.

30. A pumping system comprising a pump, a liquid supply therefor, a conductor into which the pump ejects liquid, one end of the conductor constituting a discharge, a water elevating member to which the opposite end of the conductor leads, an injector in the conductor, the injector commus nicating with a main liquid supply, and a series of valves controlling the direction of flow of the liquid in the conductor.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE C. MCFARLANE.

pump, a valve controlling the discharge communicating with a liquid supp y t0-

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