US892517A - Pile fabric and mode of weaving same. - Google Patents

Description

No. 892,517. PATENTED JULY '7, 1908. A. HEALD.

PILE FABRIC AND MODE 0E WEAVING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A. HBALDIl PATENTED JULY '7, 1908.

PILE FABRIC AND MODE OP WEAVING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2,1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l Il I PATENTDD JULY '7, 1908.

A. HEALD.

PILE FABRIC AND MODE 0F WEAVING SAME.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2,1906.

A /l/l 3 SHEETS-SHEET S.

Km Q. RM@

ALFRED HEALD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PILE FABRIC AND MODE OF WEAVING SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 7, 1908.

Application filed May 2, 1906. Serial No. 314,862.

To all whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALFRED HEALD, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Pile Fabrics and the Mode of Weaving Same, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the production of figured pile fabrics by the operation sometimes termed double weaving by which is meant the production of two backing webs with the pile-forming threads or yarns crossing from one to the other, this double webbeing afterwards severed at a point midway between the two backing webs, so as 'to produce two cut pile fabrics, and my invention relates especially to the production of such a double web with parti-colored pile warp threads, the object of my invention being to produce two fabrics without increase in the cost of printing the articolored warp threads as compared wit the cost of printing the same for a single fabric, and without any such increase in the cost of the threads themselves as would naturally be caused by the production of two fabrics instead of one.

In the accompanying drawings z-Figure 1, is a view showing, in a diagrammatic way, the various essential parts of a loom such as I employ in carrying out my invention, this view showing one adjustment of the various warp threads employed in weaving the preferred form of my im roved fabric; Figs. 2

and 3, are views simi ar to Fig. 1 but illustratin the production of modified fabrics in accor ance with my invention Figs. 4 and 5 are exaggerated sections of the double fabrics shown respectively in Figs. 1 and 2, and Figs. 6 and 7 are views illustrating other dispositions of warp and weft threads in the backing fabric.

In Figs. 1 to 5 are illustrated the dispositions of successive color units in the articolored' warp threads employed, an also various dis ositions of warp and weft threads in the bacfging two-shot binder is employed, and Figs. 6

and`7 show different dispositions of the warp and weft threads in the backing web when what is termed a three-shot binder is used.'

Referring first to Fig. 1 of the drawing, 1

represents the breast beam of a loom, 2 the swinging lay, 3 the reed carried by the same,

web when what is termed a'- 4 and 5 upper and lower shuttles, and 6 a fixed reed in the rear of the swinging lay. Mounted upon a bar 7 just behind the breast beam are a series of separator plates of which there are, by preference, as many as there are sets of warp threads employed in the weaving of the fabric, each of these separator plates passing through a space of the reed 3 and engaging the lfixed rear reed 6, in order that it may be ermanently retained in lateral and vertica position by the latter.

The separator plates are, by preference, made in two parts 8 'and 9, the part 8 being mounted upon the bar 7, and the part 9 passing through the reeds and having its forward end lreduced in thickness to form an upper tongue 10 and an undercut recess in the bottom of the plate, the tongue enga ing and being soldered or otherwise secure to the part 8, and therecess receiving the cutting knife 11, whereby the web is separated. By this means the part 8 can be readily unched from sheet metal, and the part 9 rol ed from wire, thereby simplifying and cheapening the manufacture of the separator plate.

Through spaces of the swinging reed 3 and fixed reed 6, alternating with those which receive the separator plates, pass the sets of warp threads employed, each set of such warp threads in the fabric shown in Figs. l

and 4 comprising a parti-colored ile warp thread 12, two stuffer warp threa s 13 and 14, one for each backing fabric, and four binding warp threads 15, 16, 17, and 18,

two for each of the backing fabrics, the pile warp t reads 12 being controlled by a heddle 19 the stutter war threads 13 and 14 being controlled by he dles 20 and 21, and the binding warp threads 15, 16, 17and 18 being controlled by heddles 22 and 23. In connection with these warp threads are employed four weft threads 26, 27, 28 and 29 or each backing web, the weft threads of the u per web being introduced by the upper shutt e 4 above these arator plates 9, and and the weft threads of) the lower web being introduced by the lower shuttle 5 below said separator plates' 9. The pile warp threads 12 are shedded alternately above the upper shuttle 4, between the two shuttles, and below the lower shuttle 5, while the stuffer warp threads and the binder war threads are shedded with reference to 13 and the upper binder warp threads with reference to the upper shuttle 4, and the lower stuffer warp t read 14 and the lower binder warp threads with reference to t-he lower shuttle 5.

The weft threads are introduced simultaneously 'in pairs, one by the upper shuttle and one by the lower shuttle. The weft . threads 26 and 27 are binder weft threads,

and the weft threads 28 and 29 are separator weft threads, and they are introduced as follows. The warp threads 13, 15 and 17 are first raised and the warp threads 12, 14 and 18 are lowered for the insertion of the weft thread 26 of the lower web, and the weft thread 28 of the upper web. The warp thread 13 is then lowered, the warp thread 14 raised, and the warpV thread 12 adjusted to a mid position between the two shuttles for the insertion of the weft thread 27 of the lower web, and the weft thread 29 of the upper web. The warp thread 12 is then i fully raised, the warp threads 13, 16 and 18 are raised and the warp threads 14, 15 and 17 lowered for the insertion of the weft thread 28 of the lower web, and the weft thread 26 of the upper web, and the warp thread 13 is then lowered, the warp thread 14 raised, and the warp thread 12 lowered to mid position for the insertion of the weft thread 29' of the lower web and the weft thread 27 of the upper web, and these operai tons are repeated indefinitely. The 'pile warp threads 12 are thus interwoven first with the upper web, and then with the lower web, while the stuffer warp threads and binder war threads are interwoven with weft threa s of a single web only. When therefore the pile warp threads which cross from one web to the other are severed at a point intermediate of the two webs by the reciprocating or continuously running transverse knife 11, two complete cut pile fabrics will be produced, which may be ed to suitable take-up rolls and thence disposed of in the manner most available.

In preparing the pile warp threads for use in carrying out my improved method of weaving I proceed in the manner usual in reparing such warp threads for what are nown as tapestry carpets, and I use no greater length 'of warp thread than is necessary for producing a single carpet of the usual character, although I may increase the size or number of strands in each thread to an extent equal to, say, 50 per cent. of the number usually em loyed, this increase in the size of the threa( however, requiring no greater amount of time in the rinting of the thread, nor any materially greater amount of dyeing` or printing material for the purpose.

The minimum length of color unit in an ordinary tapestry warp is of a size sufficientto produce one pile loop, and the minimum cut, changes in the coloring of the pattern' y can be effected upon single ends of the yarn, as will be noted on reference to Fig. 4, instead of upon a loop of yarn or upon a pair of adjoining ends of the same, as in the ordinary tapestry carpet, and by this means 'a much finer class of ornament is possible in the pattern than when the ordinary mode of weaving is adopted.

The fact that two shots of weftare introduced simultaneously, one in each backing web, also permits of the Weaving of the douole fabric more expeditiously than the usual single fabric is Woven, owing to the absence of pile wires, hence it will be evident that cut pile fabrics can be produced in accordance with my invention at less expense than by the methods at present in use.

In weaving the fabric shown in Figs. 2 and 5 two warp threads 15 and 17 only are em- `ployed, each of these warp threads being interwoven with weft threads 26 and 27 of its respective backing web, Vthe separator weft threads 28 and 29 being omitted, and a weft thread 26 of one web being introduced simultaneously with a weft thread 27 of the other web. In Fig. 2 I have. also shown a searator plate 9a made in one piece instea of the composite separator plate showninFig. 1.

In Weaving the fabric shown in Fig. 3 there are two pile warp threads 12 and 12a, and four binder warp threads 15, 16, 17 and 18, a pile warp thread of cach set being shedded above the upper shuttle and the other below with weft threads 26 and 27, the separator,

weft threads 28 and 29 being omitted in this case also. In weaving this fabric the two inner or pile-binding weft threads 26 are introduced simultaneously, and the two outer or Studer-binding weft threads 27 are also introduced simultaneously and in alternation with the inner binding weft threads, the pile threads crossing each other in their passage from one web to the other.

All of the webs shown in Figs. 1 to 5 em ploy what is known as a two-shot binder, but I may, inweaving my improved fabric, employ what is known as a three-shot binder, in which each set of weft threads comprises three threads which may be disposed one on the inside of-the web and two on the outside, as in Fig. 6, or one on the outside and two on the inside, as in Fig. 7.

I claim :d

1. A woven fabric having a cut pile composed of parti-colored tufts f yarn tied into lic a backing fabric, and having changes in the coloring of the pattern effected upon single ends of the yarn, substantially as specified.

2. A Woven fabric consisting of two back,

ing webs and parti-colored warp threads crossing from one web to the other, and having color units of minimum length extending on y from one web to the other, substantially as specified.

3. A woven fabric having a cut pile comosed of parti-colored tufts of yarn, each fnormed around a single weft thread, a stuer warp thread, a pair of binder warp threads, and airs of binder and separator weft threa s, alternating with each other, substantially as specified.

4. The mode herein described of producing.

tWo similarly patterned out pile fabrics, said mode consisting in irst printing the pile Warp threads as for a single fabric, then interweaving said pile Warp threads with se arated backing Webs in such a mann'er t at the single units of color in thelpile warp threads will cross from web to web and then severinl the cross wa threads midway between t e backing we s.

' In 'testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscrlbing witnesses.

ALFRED HEALD.

Images