US88867A - Improvement in stoves and furnaces - Google Patents

Description

w. P. HALL. Heating Stdve.

Patented April 13, 1869.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM P. HALL, OF PIQUA, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN STOVES AND FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 88,867, dated April 13, 1869.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM P. HALL, of Piqua, in the county of Miami, and in the State of Ohio, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves and Furnaces; and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in the construction and general arrangement of a stove or furnace by which the perfect combustion of the gases is effected and the greatest amount of radiating-surface is obtained in the smallest possible space.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 2 is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation. Fig. etis a vertical sectionof the fire-box. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the feeder. Fig. 6 is a View of the under side of the bottom plate. Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the conducting-chamber. Fig. Sis a section of the bottom plate on the upper side. Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the fire-box, showing the mode of supporting and. operating the grate; and Fig. 10 is a bottom view of the same.

A represents the bottom plate of the stove, which rests on legs B B or other suitable supports. This plate is on its upper side provided with two circular projecting flanges, a and a, of suitable size to receive within them and hold two cylinders, O and D. Within the flange a are two openings or apertures, b I), through the bottom A, which apertures may be left open, or partially or wholly closed, for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth. These openings are regulated by a slide or damper, c, on the under side of the bottom plate.

The cylinder D, which is placed on the bottom plate, A, and fits inside of the circular flange a, is on its inner side, a suitable distance above its lower edge, provided with a flange extending around the same, on which flange an annular ring, (I, rests, the space be low said flange and ring forming the ash-box E, and the upper part forming the fire-place.

The cylinder D is above the circular flange mentioned completelylined with brick throughout. This brick lining, however, is so placed as to leave a space between it and the cylinder itself. This space is filled with woodashes, which readily pack firmly, forming a support for the brick lining, and at the same time cause the cylinder to retain its heat far more than if the brick were close to it.

Through the space thus lilled with woodashes are placed two tubes, 0 c, which extend the whole height of the cylinder from near its top down through the ring (1 and its supporting-flange to the bottom plate, A, where said tubes will be above the apertures b b, thus allowing two currents of air to pass upward from beneath the stove to the top of the cylinder. I

Instead of using tubes, I may so form the brick lining that when it is put together there shall be left two chambers or passages answering the same purpose.

At such points inside of the cylinder D where combustion would at once take place if air were admitted to the flame, I make apertures i t in the tubes 6 0, having corresponding openings in the brick lining, as shown in Fig. 1. The air is thus admitted not only at the top of the cylinder, but also at or near the center of the same.

I may here remark that the entire brick lining of the cylinder D rests on the annular ring (I, and that the ash-box E is provided with a suitable opening to remove the ashes, and also to insert and take out the grate.

The grate f is inserted through the opening to the ash-box E, and is supported at the rear side by a flange, g, extending downward and inward from the annular ring (I; and the handle of the grate is held up by a flanged plate, h, which slides up and down on the sides of the ash-box, said plate being grooved or slotted for that purpose. The plate It is held up in position by small supports 70 k, placed around the edges of the fire-box, so that they may be easily removed, the plate It lowered, and the grate removed, whenever so desired.

The curved door m, which closes the opening to the ash-box E, I intend to make with feet, so that it can be moved on the bottom plate, A, at any distance to and from the ash-' box. Within the circular flange a on the bottom plate, A, is placed the cylinder 0, which is of the same height as the cylinder D, but has no interior arrangement of any kind, but is entirely empty, being a mere shell. At the lower end of the cylinder (3, on the rear side, is an opening, a, which leads into a box or chamber, F, placed on or forming part of the bottom plate, A, in rear of and between the two cylinders O and D, said cylinders being placed side by side, as shown in the drawings.

From the top of the chamber F the stovepipe G leads into the chimney-flue, or to any point desired.

The opening in the box or chamber F, which leads into the cylinder 0, is provided with a cut-off, by the use of which the said opening can be made smaller or larger, as may be desired, but not entirely closed. In front of and between the two cylinders O and D, a suitable height above the bottom plate, A, is placed a semicircular box or feeder, H, which is secured to both cylinders. The feeder H is open at top, and the fuel is thrown in through this opening, and falls on an inclined false bottom, 0, through the mouth 1) of the cylinder D onto the grate.

It will, of course, be understood that the brick lining of said cylinder is open at the mouth or entrance, through which the fuel passes.

The feeder H is, above the inclined false bottom, provided with grating, consisting of perpendicular bars 1*, having a sliding grating of similar perpendicular bars 8, so that the spaces between the bars 1" 1" can be wholly or partially closed, as may be desired, or left open, having all the advantages of an open grate in the room.

Under the false bottom 0 of the feeder is the regular bottom t, the space between said bottoms being provided with two sliding doors, o 'u.

The fuel being put into the feeder H, it falls, as above described, into the cylinder D, the heat and flame rising, of course, upward, and being supplied with oxygen through the apertures z t. The throat of the brick lining of said cylinder is narrower than the other part, and rises above the upper edge of the cylinder through the top plate, I. This top plate has an opening, through which the throat of the brick lining projects, said opening being provided with a circular flange, w, on the upper side of the top plate, which flange receives and holdsthe chimney J. The air which is admitted through theupper ends of the tubes e (2 passes over the throat of the brick lining, andjoins the heat from the fire in the chimney J. Over and around the chimney J is placed a cap, K, which rests on the top plate, I, a suitable flange being provided on the same to hold said cap. The top of the chimney J be- I in g open, the heat, &c., passes up through the same, then descends in the cap K around the chimney, and passes from said cap into a box,

L, which I call the conductin g-chamber, the cap K having a suitable aperture for that purpose.

The conducting-chamber L is provided with a damper, .10, so that the smoke, 850., may be allowed to pass directly out into the pipe G, which is conducted from the box F through said chamber. Or if the damper m be closed, then the heat, 850., will pass through the pipe M, which leads upward into another cap, K, of the same size and shape as the cap K, and also placed on the top plate, I. The smoke, heat, &c., having in this manner been conducted into the cap K, it descends and passes downward through an aperture, y, in the top plate into the cylinder 0, from whence it passes through an opening at the bottom of said cylinder into the box F and out through the pipe G.

It will thus be seen that the products of combustion from the fire in the cylinderD, increased in volume by the air admitted through the tubes 6 e, ascend and descend through a long tortuous passage, making a large radiating-surface, and heating the room with less fuel than any other stove now in use.

By the introduction of the currents of air at the point where the combustion is to take place, it will be seen that the products of combustion which are usually lost are economized, and the heat which passes up from the fire is not lost, but in its passage through the chimney, then down around the same, up again through the pipe M, down through the cap K and drum 0, heats all these parts, and makes a vastly increased radiating surface. The heat, &c., which is usually lost by passing up the chimney, is in this manner almost entirely saved.

It will also be seen that by placing a feeder on the outside of the stove proper, as above set forth, the said feeder can be filled with fuel, which then passes into the cylinder D up to its mouth. The fuel in the feeder, by the heat from the fire, becomes beforehand thoroughly prepared for combustion, so that as the ashes fall down through the grate f and the fire settles down, the fuel will keep on falling down from the feeder and at once ignite. If the fuel should choke in the mouth of the stove, it will only be necessary to insert a poker between the bottoms 0 and t of the feeder, when it can be at once cleared.

The currents of air passing up through the tubes 0 0, over the throat of the brick lining, and up the chimney J produce a steady and strong draft. This draft may be regulated by the slide 0, on the under side of the bottom plate, A, as said slide increases or-lessens the size of the apertures 12 I), through which the air is admitted into the tubes 0 e.

I do not confine myself to any particular material for making my stove; but I prefer to make the bottom and top plates of cast-iron, also the lower part of the cylinder B, but the balance of the stove of sheet-iron. Neither do I confine myself particularly to brick lining,

suitable material.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with a double stove having a combustion and a hot-air chamber, an exterior fuel chamber or feeder, to automati cally feed the fuel and prepare the same for combustion. substantially as specified,

2. In combination with the cylinder D of a double stove, supplying its interior with a firebrick or equivalent lining from the grate to the top, and forming a contracted throat under an elevated hot-air chimney, J, which is incased in a surrounding cap, K, all substantially for the purposes set forth.

3. The bottom plate, A, provided with apertures b b, regulated by a slide, 0, on the under side, and provided with flanges a a on its upper side to receive and secure the cylinders G D, substantially as specified.

4. In combination with the base-plate A, as

as this lining may be made of fire clay or other I constructed, and the brick-lined cylinder D,

as specified, the vertical pipes e c, with openings i, substantially as specified.

5. The arrangement of the grate f, flange g, plate h, and supports k k, all substantially as described.

'6. The conducting-chamber L, constructed, as described, with damper as, so that the heat, 820., may be conducted at will either into the chimney-flue or into a heating-drum, substantially as shown and described.

7. In combination with the cylinder I), chimney J, cap K, and conducting-chamber L, the pipe M, cap K, and drum 0, or their equivalents, all constructed and operating substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 9th day of March, 1869.

WM. P. HALL.

Witnesses:

J. M. MASON, LEOPOLD EVERT.

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