US888120A - Structure made of bricks for reaction-towers, heat-compensation apparatus, and the like. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED MAY 19, 1908.

R. SGHBRPBNBERG.

STRUCTURE MADE OF BRICKS FOR REACTION TOWERS, HEAT COMPENSATION APPARATUS, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.15, 1906.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

REINHOLD SGHERFENBERG, OF .BERLIN-SCHONEBERG, GERMAN Y.

' STRUCTURE MADE OF BRICKS FOR REACTION-TOWERS, HEAT-COMPENSATION APPA- RATUS, AND THE LIE.

a service, the brick will be To 'all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, REINHOLD SCHERFEN- BERG, engineer, a citizen of the Kingdom of Prussia, 28 Lutherstrasse, Berlin-Schoneberg, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have i11- vented new and useful Improvements in Structures Made of Bricks for Reaction- Towers, Heat-Compensation Apparatus, and the Like, of which the following is a specifi cation.

In reaction-towers or apparatus for compensating the temperature, the interior structure, consisting of triangular, quadrangular or polygonal bars or bricks, is erected by placing these bars from the lowermost to the top layer in the same direction, said bars resting upon each other with their shoulders. Thls mode of erection has a (lisadvantage, which is unavoidable with the known and customary means. The various rows or layers are loosel piled the one upon the other without any bond, and keep together only by their own weight; nothing however prevents them from shifting, so that they will easily be moved under any pressure.

When quadrangular or polygonal bricks with tapering shoulders are employed, the bearing surfaces of which are comparatively small, special carrier-stones are used for obtaining a hold between the single bricks; butalso in such instance steadiness is not obtained, as the short tongues do not afford any bond in the longitudinal direction of the bricks and these bricks can by any pressure or force from outside be moved on their smooth and straight bearing surface. Besides it will hardly be possible to avoid some of the thin shoulders from being cracked during erection; fre uently such cracks will not be noticed by t e workmen, the cracked brick is built into the structure, and when in enetrated by the acids and the shoulders will break off entirely so that the brick is supported on one side onl Owing to the effect of its weight it wil sink on the other side, the remaining shoulder will act as a lever and move the neighboring bricks out of position. If such breakage occurs at several places, the structure will incline towards the surrounding wall and the broken bricks will have to be exchanged. Both the above modes of erection however still show the great disadvan- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 15, 1906.

l l l mpire of Germany, and resident of Patented May 19, 1908.

Serial No. 330,737.

tage, that by fitting the bricks together by created, dividing the given space into several chambers, thereby preventing a uniform distribution of the gases over the total area of the interior, as owing to the existing draft the gases will pass through the nearest chambers only and the surfaces of the bricks in the other chambers are but insufficiently utilized.

The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the above mentioned disadvantages, and to allow of erecting the interior structure of reaction towers and heat-compensating apparatus both with a stron inside crossbond between the sin le bricks and in the whole layer, as also wit 1out partitions.

In the accompanyin drawing Figure 1 is a section along II 1n ig. 2, Fig. 2, a side-elevation of. Fig.v 1, taken at an angle of 90, Fig. 3, a plan, on the right hand the second layer of bricks bein removed in the bottom right hand corner, Figs 4 & 4, side-elevation and plan of a brick a, Fig. 5, vertical section along IIII through a brick in the middle of a notch b.

The bricks a are provided with notches b arranged at iven distance from each other in either'their ower or upper beveled half. These notches are made to fit the bevel of the opposite half. In the accompanying drawing, of the numerous ossible sections,-the rhomboidal section wit corrugated or fluted surfaces is shown.

The structure is erected in the following manner: The lowermost layer of bricks is placed in parallel rows, which rows are at a distance fom each other equal to the pitch of the notches b-. The bricks -a can be placed with their ends close together, as there are no shoulders in the way. The following layer is placed in rows at right angles to the lower one, so that each brick acatches with its notches I) over several bricks under it, and so on until a row is complete. The second row is commenced one'brick ahead of the first row, so that if the first brick of the second layer catches with its notches -bover the upper edges of the lower layer in row 1, 2, 3, the first brick of the second row engages 2, 8, 4, and the first brick of the third row again engages 1, 2, 3, of the layer beneath it. Fig. 1, 2, brackets -c. Each brick is thus held by the notches b of several bricks over it, engaging like teeth, and

lel layers and separate gases rising up are whirled around, mixed in a more perfect manner and more uniformly distributed over the total area of the structure.

Owing to the peculiar arran ernent of the notches bthese bricks canie easily used also in round towers without wasting any space, the bricks being shortened only at the respective places by one or two notches without reducing the stren th of the structure. By avoiding the shoul ers and carriers the wei ht of a cubic meter of the new structure is about only two thirds of that of the old style one, so that even if the foundations are weak, the structure may be erected without any danger.

Bricks having corrugated or fluted surfaces are preferable rather than bricks having smooth surfaces on account of the former exposing a greater area relatively to their wei ht than the latter.

aving now described my invention what" sharp notches, substantially as shown, in one angle, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. A brick, for interior structures of reaction towers, heat compensating apparatus and the like, having a quadrangular section and a corrugated surface, and a lurality of dee sharp notches in one ange substantially as and .for the purpose described.

4. The combination of a plurality of bricks each havin a poly onal section a corrugated surface an a lurzility of dee sharp notches in one angle, t e arrangement bein such that said bricks are.placed longitudinally in parallel rows forming one layer, the distance between said rows being equal to the pitch of said notches, the following layer having bricks placed longitudinally in arallel rows on and at right angles to the ornier rows, each brick of the upper layer engaging a plurality of bricks of the lower layer whereby a structure is formed, substantially as and for the purpose s ecified. I

5. The com ination of a plurality of bricks each having a rhombiform section, corrugated surfaceand a plurality of notches in one angle, the arran ement bein such that said bricks are place longitudina ly in parallel rows forming one layer, the distance between said rows being equal to the pitch of said notches, the following layer having bricks laced longitudinally in parallel lows -on ant at right angles to the former rows,

each brick of the u per layer engaging a lurality of bricks of.t 1e lower layer, where y a structure is formed, substantially as and for i the purpose specifiedv In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 23rd day of July 1906, 1n the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

REINHOLD, SGHERFENBERG.

' Witnesses:

HENRY HAsPER, TVILLIAM MAYNER.

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