US88779A - Improved mode of ornamenting candles - Google Patents

Description

ARTHUR FIELD, OF UPPER MARSH,"LAMBETH, AND WILLIAM BRYER NATION, 0F NO. 394 OLD KENT ROAD, ENGLAND; (SAID NATION ASSIGNS HIS RIGHT TO SAID Lette/rs Patent No. 88,779, dated April 13, 1869.

IMPROVED MODE OF ORNAMENTING- CANDLES.

TheSchedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom Iit may concern accompanying drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon; that is to say- One part of our invention consists in producing upon the'surface of candles helical, straight, or other-shaped grooves, or recesses, and in filling such grooves, or recesses'witli wax, stearine,'parafiine, or other suitable fatty matter, of a different color or colors from that of the candle.

For this purpose, we either insert into the mould of the candle, before this is cast, loose helical or straight pieces of metal, or other suitable material, which, when the candle is drawn from the mould, pass out with the.

same, and are then readily removed from the candle; or we cast the candle in the Yusual manner, and afterward pass it through a die or dies, so shaped as to cut the requisite helical or straight grooves upon it; or the candle, when cast, may be placed in a second mould, having a straight or helical slit in it, and by passing a cutting-edge along such slit, so as to cut a groove in the candle, and then turning the candle partly round, and cutting a second groove in the candle, and so on, the requisite helical or straight grooves may be produced. Or we cut such helical grooves upon candles by means of a machine to behereafterdes'cribed. Or, again, we form designs in relief upon the inner surface of folding-moulds, that is to say, moulds divided longitudinally into two or more parts, and held together in any suitable manner while the candle is being cast therein, after which the mould is opened out, and the candle, with recessed designs on its surface, is removed.

The candle prepared by any of the foregoing methods is then again placed into a mould, and the grooves, or recesses upon the same are filled in with melted wax or other material of the required color or colors.

When straight grooves are to be formed on the candle, instead of employing loose fillets to be placed in the mould, as before mentioned, these fillets may be `fixed in the mould, and the candle will, in this case,

have to be placed afterward in a different mould, without fillets, in order to fill in the grooves as described. In some cases, the helical, straight, or other grooves,

or recesses formed in the first instance may he leftv without being lled in as described.

Figure ,17011 Sheet I of the accompanying drawings, shows, at A, a vertical section through an ordinary candle-mould, in which, before casting the candle, are

placed two or more loose helical fillets B, of metal, whalehone, or other suitable material, shown detached at Figure 2, the fillets being formed with a fiat surface, resting close against the mould A, while the projecting surface is formed' rounded, as shown.

The melted stearine, parafhue, or other material being run into the mould, the fillets B will become embedded in the candle, and when the latter is pushed out of the mould, the fillets B will pass out with it, and onbeing removed therefrom will leave helical grooveson the surface ofthe candle.

The candle is then replaced in the mould, and the helical passages formed by the grooves and the surface of the mould are then run in with melted parafiine or other material of a differentcolor from that of the candle, thus producing a candle, as shown at Figure 3, with colored helical lines upon its surface.

For producing straight colored lines upon the candles, straight fillets B', shown detached at Figure 4, are placed in the mould, as at A', iig. l, and in order to retain these fillets in their places in the mould, they are made to fit in corresponding grooves formed in the latter, so that when the candle is removed, and, after taking out the fillets, is reinserted in the mould, and the colored material is run into the small channels thus formed, a candle will be produced having upon its lsurface projecting straight fillets, of a different color from that of the candle, as shown at Figure 5;

As before stated, if it is desired to produce `straight colored lines upon the candle, not-projecting from its surface, the fillets B' are fixed in the mould A', and

the candle, after being cast therein, is placed in another mould, having a plain surface, similar to A. Or projecting colored fillets may in like manner be formed on the candle, by first casting the candle in a mould with fixed projecting fillets, and then placing the candle v in a mould having corresponding recesses, or grooves.

Figure 6 shows a longitudina-l-section, and Figure 7 shows a plan of one arrangement for cutting the grooves upon the candle, after it-has been cast in the ordinary manner.

O is a fixed mould, having the same internal form as the candle to be. operated upon.

This mould has ak slit, D, right along it, so that when v the candle E is placed in the mould, and a cutting-tool, F, is passed along the slit, a corresponding groove will be formed in the surface of the candle.

The upper end of thecandle E and of the mould O being formed hexagonal or polygonal, it will be-seen that if, Yafter cutting the groove as described, the candle is drawn out of the end of the mould, and is turned so as to bring the hexagonal end successively into dit"- ferent positions in the end of the mould, a succession of equidistant grooves may he cut in the surface of the candle, and these may then be filled in with material of a different color, as before described.

If, instead of straight grooves, it is desired to cnt helical grooves on the candle, the mould O has a corresponding helical slit, and is arranged so as to be capable of turning on its longitudinal axis while the cutter is passed along the slit.

Figures 8 and 9, on Sheet II of the drawings, show another arrangement of machinery for cutting the helical grooves on the candles. Fig. 8 shows a front elevation, and iig. 9 vshows a plan of the same.

H is the bed of the machine, upon which are fixed the bearings I Il l2, in an adjustable manner.

The bearings'I Il carry the helically-grooved cylinder J, upon the end of which is the socket j, foi-ined as shown to allow the cutter to pass freely to the .extreme end ofthe candle.

In this socket is fixed one end of the candle K, the other end being held 'in the opposite socket L, supported by the bearing This socket is free to turn and slide in its bearing, and is kept. up to its position by means of the ,back spring l.

M is the sliding-bar, supported by the brackets mm.

Upon this bar is the block N, which is arranged to slide transversely in a dovetail groove on the bar, and

in which block is fixed the cutter n.

This cutter is regulated according to the depth of cut required by means of the set-screw n acting upon the fixed stop n2, and is kept in position by means of the' spring a3.

This set-screw may either be turned -by the workman, at the commencement of each cut, or the. screw may be provided with a star head, which, just previous tothe cutter-block being released by the slidingstop S, comes in contact with a stud, fixed so as to catch one of the points of the star-headed screw, and thusto canse it to turn round and to make the cutter advance the required distance.

Upon the sliding-bar M is also fixed the roller O,

which works backward and forward in the grooves of the' cylinder J, and in thus causing the cylinder to revolve," imparts rotary motion to the candle.

P is the fiy-wheel, supported in bearings, as shown, and upon the axis of which is the pinion 11, which gears into a spur-wheel Q, upon the axis of which the eccentric, or crank-plate q.

To this eccentric is attached Aone end of the connecting-rod R, shown 4in dotted lines in fig. 8, the other end of which is connected to the rocking-lever lr, the lower end of which works on a pin attached to the base of the machine, while the upper end carries another connecting-rod lr1, the other end of which is attached to a block, ri, fixed upon the sliding-bar M.

The action ofthe machine is as follows: The sliding-bar, with its cutter, being placed in position for commencing the cut, as shown in the drawing, motion is imparted to the fly-wheel l?, which, by means of the pinion p and spur-wheel Q, communicates motion to-the crank-plate q.

This crank-plate, through the intervention of the connecting-rod R, imparts a rocking motion to the lever fr, and this, by meansl of the connecting-rod lr1, communicates a to-and-fro lmotion to the sliding-bar M and cutter n, and consequently, also, by means of the roller O, a rotary motion to the grooved cylinder and the candle K.

When, by these means, the cutter has been drawn to the opposite end of the revolving candle, it will be is fixed l evident that a helical groove, corresponding in pitch, or inclination to the groove in the cylinder, will have been cut thereon, after which it is necessary that the cutter should be drawn away from the surface of the candle, in order that it may be brought back to commence the cut again.

For this purpose a sliding-stop, S, is held, by means of pins s s, upon the edge of the sliding-bar M. When the cutter arrives at the end of its cut, one end of the stop S comes in contact with the edge of the bearing I, and as the motion of' the bar continues a little, the stop is causedto slide upon the pins s s, and, in doing so, brings an inclined surface, s, formed upon the upper edge of the stop, as shown, in contact with a projecting-stud t, upon the under side ofthe cutter-block N, and thnscauses this block, with the cutter, to recede from the surface ofthe candle, in which position it remains until, upon the bar M, moving back to commence another cut, the other end of the sliding-stop comes incontact with the edge of the bearing I2, and is thus caused to slide upon its pins in the contrary direction, and thereby releases the cutterblock,.vvhich slides toward the candle again, ready to commence the cut.

If more than one helical groove is required to be out upon the surface of the candle, it'can be readily done:

by turning the candle upon its axis, so as to bring a different part of its surface in contact with the cutter.-

For this purpose,`. the socket j, which holds one end of the candle, is arranged so as to turn and be fixed in different positions upon the axis of the grooved cylinder J.

Figures 1011, and 12, on Sheets I land II, show candles 'ornamented as above described, by means of folding-moulds, the moulds being formed with projecting designs on their inner surface, corresponding with the colored designs on the candles. so arranged that they are all connected by a channel, :v x x, that passes to the end of the candle, so that on running the colored material down such channel it will find its way into all the recessed designs.

Having thus described the nature of our invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we in no way limit ourselves to the 'arrangements hereinbefore described for forming the grooves or recesses on the surfaces of the candles; nor do we claim the before-described machinery, or apparatus for effecting this operation, as forming any part of our present invention, asvarious other contrivances may be employed for this purpose, and

we have only described the aforesaid arrangements inv order to indicate some practical mode of carrying our invention into effect; but

What we claim, is-

1. Ornamenting candles, by first forming grooves, or recesses, of' any desired form, upon the surfaces of candles, and then filling in such grooves with wax, stearine, paraiine, or other suitable substance, of a different color from that ofthe candle.

2. Forming grooves, or recessed designs upon candles, substantially as hereinbefore set forth. v

In testimony whereof we have signed our naines to this specication, in the presence of two subscribing` witnesses, this 4th day of December, 1868. l

. ARTHUR FIELD.

. W. B. NATION.

. Witnesses:

CEAS. D. ABEL, A. P. TAYLOR.

These designs are

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