US884151A - Pneumatic hammer. - Google Patents

Description

No, 884,151. PATENTED APR. 7, 1908. M. HARDSOCG:

PNEUMATIC HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.8.1907.

UNITED s ATEs PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN HARDSOCG, 0F orTuMWA, IOWA.

PNEUMATIC name.

To all whom "it may concern: 4 Be it known that I, MARTIN HARDSOCG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ottumwa, in the county of Wapello and State of Iowa, have lnvented certaln new and "useof whic the following is a s ecification.

The presentinvention .re ates more particularly to the construction and arrange- 'ment of the frame and its relation to the head carrying the operating tool, such as the bits or cutters of a neumatic dr1ll, and is esgeciallydesigned or the use of. penumatic rills andot'her cutting instruments or tools in deep'drillin or boring or cutting but can be used in dri ing, boring, orcuttmg generfu'l Improvements in Pneumatic Hammers,

all lhe objects of the invention are to improve the construction of the frame of a pneu matic hammer, so as-to enable air, or other medium under pressure, to act and hperate the hammer, and .to be dischar ed at the bits or cut ers and. have the disc arged air;

or'other medium. under pressure, in connection the formation of the frame, furnlsh'arellable and effective means for remov I ,ing the cuttings, dust and articles produced ,in the 0 eration of the (in l'or tool; to construct t e frame,' so as to provide a barrel with a chamber for the hammerand for the shank of the tool head, and with'passages for admitting air or other medium under pressure, to reciprocate the hammer and afterdrivi n the hammer forwarmbe discharged at the its or-cutters of the tool to construct a frame, having a central straight barrel with ahammer therein, and having exteriorl'y on the barreloppo'sitely running spiral flanges,

with passages and (ports in the flanges for admitting compresse' scharging than, or other medium un- Y der pressure, at-the bits-or cutters from the hammer'cha'mber; to furnish the frame with a central chamber with ports, leading therefrom, for the ports are-mum with side passages and (ports in the spiral flanges for admitting an discharging compressed air,

or other medium under pressure, into and from the chamber; tH'furnish a frame, havinga straight central chamber to coact withv im uction and eduction passages in the s iral flanges aroundthe chamber, and a plug avin'gan induction passage in communication 8pecification of Letters Patent.

Application'flled March a, 1907. ser1alNo.361,295.

the correlated air, or other medium 1111-, =de'r ressure, to the hammer chamber, and

for i Patented April 7, 1908.

. Spiral flanges, and also closing the end of the chamber, for admitting compressed air or other.

with the induction passages of the pressure to the chamber; to furnish a connection, between thedischarge or eduction passages of the spiral .flan es of the frame and the tool head, for pressed air, or other medium under pressure, atthe bits or cutters; to furnish, by the spiral flanges, a screw around th'e'barrel of e frame for positively and effectually removing the cuttings, dust and fine particles,

produced bylthe operation or action of the its or cutters or other tools; and to im.-

prove generally the construction and operation of the frame and the spiral screw, with I parts entering into the formation ofthe tool as a whole.

The invention consists in the features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed;

i. In the drawings Figure 1 is a side-elevation of the frame, showing the spiral flanges around the barrel, and showin thesu ply pipe for compressed air or ot er me pm under pressure brokenoff, and showing a drill head with bits. or cutters connected with the frame; Fig. 2 a sectional elevation of the frame and s iral-flanges, showin the construction as if t e flanges were unfo tied,- in order tic illustrate clearly the induction and eduction passages in the spiral flanges}.

Fig. 3 an end elevation of the frame; and

ischarging *com- 4a cross section on line a-a of =Fig. 2.

fihedrill shown has a head with a plurality of bits or cutters, but other formsof bits or cutters could be-used, and other forms of tools or instruments than drills are capable of use with the frame. The arrangement shown has, at each end of the drill head, an

outer or end bit or cutter 1 and intermediate bits or cutters 2 and 3, so that the head has a plurality of bits or cutters; The head 4 is of a shape, asto length-and width,.to receive a the bits or cutters; and, as shown, the 'head has a cross hole 5 to facilitate the removalfrom the head of the hit or'cutter in-line with the shank of the head. I

The head has a'shank 6 to enter the chamber 7 of the barrel 8 of the frame, which shank constitutes a. driven stem; and plus, shown, the shank or stem has a slot 9 J which passes a bar 10, secured in the wallh'f the barrel, and by'which 'slot and thev this chamber 14, on opposite head has a limited end. movement for operatshoulder furnishes a rest for an encircling tube, not shown. The chamber 7 terminates in a chamber 14 of a greater diameter in cross section than the chamber 7, and from sides, a port 15 leads. Each -port 15 communicates with a lon itudinal spiral passage 16, formed in eac spiral flange 11, and ppening through the front end ofeach flange; and each passage 16, at its mouth or front end, has entered thereinto a tube 17, which extends into a hole 18 in the head so as to, in effect, continue the massage 16 through the bit or cutter hea as shown in Fig, 2.

The barrel 8 has an interior circumferential Wall 19, located between the chamber 14 and a chamber 20, and from. the chamber 20, on

each side, a port 21 leads. Each port 21 is in communication with a longitudinal spiral passage 22 formed in each spiral flange 11, and each spiral passage 22, at its rear or receiving end, has a port 23 leading inwardly therefrom! 'The ports 23 each comn'iunicate with a cross passage 24, with which alon itudinal passage 25 communicates and t e cross assage 24 and longitudinal passe cs 25 are ormed in a head 26, having a nee 27 with an exterior screw thread for entering the neck into the end wall of the frame and barrel, .asshown in Fig. 2, so as to furnish a conduit 9 passage for supplying compressed air, or

"bthe i medium unr er pressure, to the spiral side passages 22 of the frame. The barrel (has, an interior circumferential wall 28,

located between the clr-gpnbor 20 and a charm ber 29, which chamber 29 continued as a chamber or hole 30, wl'iich receives the neck 27 of the closing plug, as shown in Fig. 2, t the chamber of the barrel, as a whole, is used at the outer or rear end by the plug. The barrel has located therein, rearward of theshanlror driven stem 6, a hammer having .a driving end or head 31, continued as a body 32, guided find held iwtu-een the circumf8rential wall 19 and torininati tag at its rear end Wl th whole. a The body 32 of the hammer has central passage 35 extending longitudinally nlarged portion or head 33, guided and,

therein and opening at its rear end through the head 33, from which passage 35 lateral ports or passages 36 lead. through the head 33, so that, When the hammer is receded, communication is established with the chamber 29, admitting compressed air, or other mediumunder pressure, to the passage, 35 for the air, or other medium under pressure, to act and thrust or drive forward the harm mer as a Whole. The passage 35, adjacent to its forward end, has leading therefrom lateral passages or, ports 37 tofurnish eo1nmunication between the passage 35 and the chamber 14-, for compressed air, or other medium under pressure, to flow from the passage 35 through the ports 15 into the spiral passages 16 and be discharged, through t e tubes 17 and passages 18, at the acting end of the head around the bits or cutters.

The head or pliw 26 has a screw threaded hole, in line with the passage 25, which receive's a tube 38, and the tube 38 has entered thereinto a coupling tube 39 on which is threaded a coupling ring 40 of a supply tube 41, leading from a source oi' comjpressed air, or other medium under "pressure, so as to supply-the compressed air, or other medium under pressure, to the passage 25, for the air or other medium under pressure, to enter the spiral side passages throughv the ports 23 andbe discharged into the. chamber 20 through the ports 21 to act against the abut mentor face 34 of the hami'ne'r and force back or rec-ode the hammer as a whole.

The parts are .assembled'by inserting the tubes 17 into the front ends or mouths of the spiral side passages 16 and entering the tubes 17 into the passages 18 of the head, and en-- tering the stem 6 into the chamber 7 of the barrel 8, and securing the shank or stem 6 and the head 4, with the ,bits or cutters thereon, against dropping out from the chamber by passin the bar or} key 10 throu h the Wall of t e barrel 8 and the slot 9 of t e stem or shank. The hammer, as a whole, is entered into the chamber of the barrel rearward. of the stenrfi of the head, and after the hammer is entered, the plug or head 26'is entered into the end of the frame and the barrel so as to close thechainber of the hammer and have the port or-passage 24. in communication with the ports 23, as shown in Fig. 2. 'lhetubcl38 and the coupling tube 39 are entered into position, so as to have the coupling tube 39 receive the coupling ring 40 of the supply tube or, pipe 43, completing the commotion of the frame, with the source of supply for the compressed air,

or other medium under pressure, ready for use or operation of tlie drill or tool.

in operation, the .coi'npressed air, or other medium under pressure, flows through the passage 25 into theoross passagc'24 and enters the spiral side passages 22 through the The hammer,

sure, dischar passage 35 and'act against the rear face of the ammer and the front end a face of the passage 35 and overcome the pressure of the fluid against the abutment or end face 34 and drive forward the hammer as a whole, and in such driving forward of the hammer the admitted fluid cannot'escape from the passage 35 owing to the closing of the lateral passages or -ports 37, with the passing of such passagles withinthe circum- 20 erential walll by t e recession or forcing back of the hammer as a whole. The forward drive or thrust of the hammer, as a whole, causes its acting end or head 31 to contact the end of the driven stem 6 and drive forward the stem, and with it thehead 4 and the bits or cutters or other. tool carried thereby, causing the bits or cuttersor other tool to act and perform the cutting or drilling o eration. The forward throw or thrust of t e hammer as a Whole, closes theports or passages 36 by the. wall 28 and opens the.

ports or passages 37 for communication between the passage 35 and the chamber 14, admittin fluidto the chamber 14 .for the fluid to ow throu h the ports 15 and spiral passages 16 and t rough the tubes 17 and. passages 18 to the front'of the head 4, around the bits or cutters carried by the head. The compressed air or other medium under presed at the front' of the head 4 around the bits or cutters, has a free passage back through the spiralpathway around the barrel formed by the spiral flanges 11, which encircle the barrel 8 in opposite directions. The discharged compressed air, or other me dium under pressure, carries back with it the cuttings, dust and fine particles, produced by the cutting or spiral pathways of the spiral flanges, so that t e pathways and flange will act to carry ,rearwardthe cuttings, dust and-fine particles from in front of the bit or cutterhead, clearing the bits or cutters from the cuttings, dust and fine particles and preventing any accuelse that would interfere mulation of the cuttings, dust and fine partiof the drill or other too and this for" the reason that thecuttin s, cles arepositively an effectually removed .through'the action of the. blast of discharged ressure, and the air, or other medium under removal Will be spiral of the frame, and suc had as fast as the cuttings, dust and fine particles are produced.

boring 0 creation, into the with the operation l dust and fine paiti- V The frame of the present invention, with its straight barrel and exterior spiral flanges, is especlally adapted for use in deep drilling or boring, as the spirals of the frame will operate to carry upward or rearward ofthe cutter head all the cuttings, dust and fine particles; and such carrying upward or rearward of the cuttings, dust and fine particles, is facilitated and insured by the blast of :com-

' pressed air, or other medium under pressure,

discharged at thefront of the head around the bits or cutters, or other tools; and While tion with a tool head carrying drill bits or cutters, it is to be understood that the hamuse, and can be used, with a tool head of other formation than the one shown, and for other purposes than deep drilling or boring; and that one spiral flange only can have the induction and eductionpassages, or one spiral flange can have the induction passage leading to the chamber 20 and the other spiral flange can have the eduction passage leading from the chamber 14, so long as the flanges have induction-and eduction passages for operating the hammer and dischargmg ,the compressed air, or other medium, at the front of the tool head.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

, 1. In a pneumatic hammer, a frame consisting of a straight central barrel, and spiral the pneumatic hammer is shown inconnecflanges encircling the barrel and running in opposite directions on the barrel, the "barrel having a central chamber to receive the'haniioo mer and the spiral flanges having spiral passages for inducting an the spiral passages in communication with the chamber of the barrel, substantially as described.

' 2. In a pneumatic hammer, a frame 'consp ral flanges encirchng the barrel and running in sisting ofastraight central barrel, and

opposite directions on the barrel, the barrel having a central chamber divided into sections, one section to-receive a driven, stem and another section to receive the driving hammer, each spiral flange having a spiral induction passage and a spiral eduction passage for fluid, with the spiral induction pas sages in communication with the chamber of the barrel for admitting fluid to operate the hammer, and with the spiral eduction pas-' sages opening through the discharge end of the frame, substantiallyas described.

3. In a pneumatic hammer, a frame con sisting of a straight central barrel, and spiral flanges encircling the barrel and running in op osite directions on the barrel and provldhd with induction and eduction passages for fluid, the barrel having a central chamher, with a fluid induction section incom educting fluid with opposite directions on the barrel, and. proflanges encircling the imrrel and running in flanges encirtning the barrel and rinnnng 1n eduetion ensu -e of tho-l ralne fordischur 'iiw b .P! I

municetion with the induction passages of the flanges, and it fluid. etluetion section in eolnrnuniention with the eduotion passages of the llznigee for fluid to net and rbeede and drive lorwerd'the hammer, substantially as described. i

i 4. in :tpneunuitie hammer, it l'ral'ne eom sisting of it straight central lmrrel, and spiral opposite directions on the barrel, the barrel having a central chamber, with n lluid induction section. and u i'lliid eduetionsection for [luid to not fiil'lll'ltt fitlfl and drive lUl'Wl'tItl the hmniner, end each spiral hinge having a spiral induction passage for fluid in oonnnunieation with the lluid induction soetirni of the barrel olmniher, and a spiraleduotion passage for lluid opening through the forward end of the flange and in 0on1niunicntion with the fluid eduetion smition ol' the barrel elnnnher, substantially as described.

5. In a pneunnttie hnnuner, e l'rnn e con sisting of a straight central barrel having it central longitudinal ohmnhor, and spiral hinges encircling the lntrrel and rui'ining in V'Itltlil with induction. and cduotion puss ges for fluid, both 'lnssuges in eoinnniniration with the central ehmnher of the barrel, and n driving hnnnnor entered into the Cllttllll'lll of the barrel and against which udnlitted lluid from the induetion pueszigesot the lhtnggrs nets to reeede and drive forward thehmnnier, substantially as described,

6. .[n a pneumatic hztnnner, n1 l'rrnne 0011-, sisting of a etreight eentrnl inn-rel, and spirel opposite directions on the lmrrelnnd provided with induction and eduhtion passages, the barrel having at evntrnl chamber [or rearriving; at driving. hennner', a tool head having; passages in its body, and tubes (-onneeting eeeh passage of the tool head with a spiral pressure in :nlvnnee ol'the tool head, suh- 'stentielly :is deseriheth I i 7. in n pneumatic hennner, nv l'rmno consisting of e straight central barrel and spiral [hinges entireling the barrel and running in opposite direetirnis on the barrel, the barrel having a central ehmnherto receive a, hamnier, end one of the spiral llnnges having spiral passages for inducting end (ducting fluid, with. the passages in ronnnl'iniontion with the uhinnlu-r ol' the barrel, substantially as doserihed. l

8. in n [)Iltlll'i'llllll" lninnner, n l'rnme ron- 1 l 88mm hammer and a spn Bid eduetion passage for edueting fluid sitter operating the hammer, each passage in communication with the chamber of the barrel and the eduction pessege opening tl'iri'nigh the forward end of the flange, substantial! e described 9. in pneumatic hammer, e frameeonsisting of t straight central barrel and spiral l'le nges 'eneireling the barrel and running in opposite directions on the barrel, the barrel having a. eentrelchelnher, and one of thee irel [hinges having an induction passage an en eduetion passage for fluid, both passages in eon]rnunien-tion with the chamber of the her rel, adriven stein. operative in theeheinher or the barrel, a driving hammer eperetive in the ehnniber ol' the barrel and eetueted by lluitl admitted through the induction passage oil? the spiral lle'nge, substantially he deeerihed. 10. In e pneumatic hun'nner, at m le eon sisting of a straight central barrel riid spiral flanges enoire'ling the barrel and running in opposite directions on the herrel, the barrel having a central rheniher, end one of the spiral flanges having an induction pessego end en ednetion passage for fluid, both in communication with the chamber of the barrel, e driven stern operative in the chamber of the 'hn'rrrl, at driving hammer in the ehninher of the lnitrrel end netueted by fluid edini' ed through the induction passage of the eirnl 'lhinge, eelesing plug; for the reel" end 0' the lrerne mul chamber, the plug having it longitudinal pnssz'tge end at cross nessnge in its body l or athnittino fluid to the induction pus sage ol' thespirul 'llmige, and o, tool heed eon-- ni-cted with the stem end having a, pusse ge through its body in eonununieetion with the ednetion peesnge ol' the spiral flange for diecharging fluid in ndvenee or the heed, only stunliielly as desorilml l l. in u pneumatic hnnnnrr, l'rituie lonsuiting ol nstrnigl'it eentrnl hni end spirhl flanges eneireling the linirrrl and running in.

ion

having it rvntrul eheniher, end one of the spiral llnnges l'iaving nn'induotion manage and an edurtion passage l'or lluid, lioth in connnuni urtion with the chamber of the her rel, it driven stein operative in the el'ieinher ol the hurrel, at driving hnn'uner operative in the elmnlher of the barrel and actuated by lluid admitted through the induction pessnge of the spiral fluiuro, a closing plug for the rear end of the frame and chamber, the plug having a longitiuiinzil passage and a, cross passage in its body for admit 'ng iiuid to the sisting ol' :1 central lmrrel uud spirnl [hinges rlielll lillg the hati'lrl and running in opposite dirlmtions on the lmrrel, thrlmrrei having :1 centred rlnnnhrr divided into srrlions,, one section to llf.(l\'l :1 driven stem and n'nothrr "Hll'fllflll to rveeivr a driving hummer, end one of the spiral hinges halving n. shirnl inllurtion par-surge in! indurlingr llnid to uni-rule the induction. passer .ol the spiral lhinge, e tool lie-(id eonneoted with ll passage through its body, Illt"ll 1 f lhe, lbw" "l'lhu tool hruilj'i ll' 'ltron p'nssugnfi hi tn:- hpirnl listing-5r lior dis-- hinging llnid in udrnuho ol the tool lived, suhelnntiully its dlw-aerihed.

l l2. in u pnrunnttie hnnnherii l'riluie run dein and lowing n and u tube eonslsmng opa snmlght (:entral barrel and spirali munication with the spiral eduction pasflanges encircling the barrel and running in sages of the frame for dischar ing fluid in adop osite directions on the barrel and pro- Vance of the head, substantiafiy as described. vi d with induction and eduction passages, 1 MARTIN UAR DSOCG.

.5 the barrel having a central chamber for-re- Witnesses: I ceiving a driving hammer, and a tool head JOSEPH KEARNS,

having pas shges thrdugh its body in comi HELEN LOTsPEICH.

Images