US878700A - Hydraulic motor. - Google Patents

Description

0. L. WILKINS.

' HYDRAULIC MOTOR. APPLICATION IILBIZ MAY 18. 1907.

PATENTED FEB. 11, 1908.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

l O W -11 NOQ 878,700.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTED FEB. 11, 1908.

G. L. WILKINS. HYDRAULIC MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 13. 1907.

IINEQZM 507 THE Norms pin-Rs co., WASHIN'JTONI n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES L. WILKINS, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIG NOB TO THE OHIO PUMP & BRASS COMPANY, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed May 13. 1907. Serial No. 373.355.

Patented Feb. 11, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, OHARLns L. WILKINs,

of Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Motors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic motors and more particularly to that type in which a reci rocatingpiston is employed,-one object o the invention be ing to simplify and improve motors of this character, and to enable the employment of a comparatively short cylinder and to obtain a maximum length of the piston stroke.

A further object is to provide means whereby the waste of pressure will be effectually avoided.

A further object is to so construct the main inletports that they will admit of a gradual increase of pressure into the cylinder and a gradually increasing volume of exhaust from the cylinder, whereby a modulating effect on-the action of the driving piston is provided.

A further object is to provide a motor which shall be strong and complete, and in which the positive reciprocating action of the piston will be effectual with no possible chance of the valves centering.

With these objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts as hereinafter set forth and pointed out in the claims.

'In the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 is a plan view of the motor with the valve casing removed. Fig.2 is a bottom plan view of the valve casing with the valves shown in dotted lines. Flg. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line aoof Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line b?) of Fig. 3. Fig.5 is a longitudinal sectional view on the line c-c of Figs. 4 and 6, and Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view on the line d-d of Fig. 5.

1 represents the cylinder; 11 the piston therein provided with a piston rod 11 and 2 the valve casing.

In constructing the cylinder, I provide a casting having a fiat top portion 11' having certain parts hereinafter described and constituting a seat for the valve casing 2.

Ducts 10 and 10 are made in the casting for the passage of the motive fluid, and between these ducts, an exhaust port 18 is provided and communicates with a nipple 14 with which the exhaust pipe of the motor is connected. The said casting is provided at its respective ends with integral collars 11 11. The collar 11 is internally threaded for the reception of the head 11 of the cylinder and the opposite head 11 is bolted to the collar 11. The body of the cylinder consists of a tube 11 which is inserted into place before the head 11 is applied. The portions of the casting with which the tube or cylinder body 11. makes contact are machined to effect a good fit and the tube is secured with hard solder. The head 11 is provided with a suitable bearing 11. for the piston rod 11 The valve casing comprisestwo cylinders I 2 and 4 in which are located, res ectively, a main valve 3 and an auxiliary va ve' 5. main valve 3 is provided with two piston heads 8, 8, and two iston heads 8 8 thus dividing the valve cy inder 2 into five chambers, 16, 16 7, '7 and 12. An inlet port 6 The for fluid pressure, is provided on the valve cylinder 2 and communicates through ports 6 and 6 with the chambers 7 and 7 so that these chambers will always contain'fiuid un-.

10 for admitting pressure fluid to the ends of the cylinder. Thus, with the main valve in the position shown in Fig. 3, fluid will enter at 6, pass through port 6 into chamber 7',

and from said chamber through the diagonal port 9 to the duct 10 by which the fluid is conducted to one end of the cylinder. The

exhaust from the other end of the cylinder will pass through the duct 10 port 9 to chamber 12 formed by the intermediate from said chamber, through ports 13, 13 to the exhaust outlet 14.

The auxiliary valve 5 is provided with beads or pistons S, 8 of the main valve, and a three heads or pistons 21, 21 and 21 which form four chambers within the auxiliary.

valve cylinder 4, said chambers being indlcated on the drawings by the reference characters 26 and 26 at respective ends of the cylinder 4 and 20, 20 formed between the heads 21 and 21 and 21 and fl l- Ports 27 and 27 connect'the chambers 26, .26 at the auxiliary valve.

end in a port communicating with the main. cylinder at a point between the center and the; outer end thereof. The passageway or duct isprovided. with an enlarged. portion in-rwhich a; check valve 29 is located as most clearly shown in Fig. 4 The passageway. l5 is connected by a channel 18 and a passageway 1.9 withthe chamber. between thefheads 2.l-21 ofthe auxiliary valve. A.

passage-22 is.also arranged. to communicate withthe chamber'20'and isconnected by a channel23 with apassageway 24 which communicates with the chamber 16in oneend of themainvalvecylinder 2 A passageway 25, connectsthe channel. 18. with the main valve-cylinder 2 as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 for a.p urpose hereinafter explained. In a similar manner, a. passageway or. duct 15 terminatesat'one end in a port communicating with-the main cylinder at apoint between its.centterand. inner end thereof. The passagewayor. duct 15 is provided. with an enlarged portion 15 in which-a check valve 29 is located. The passageway 15 is connected bya channel 18 and .a passageway 1 9 with the chamber 20 between the heads 21'-21 of A- passageway 22 is also; arranged tov communicate with the chamber-2.0% and is connected by a channel 23% and a passageway 24 with the chamber 16} in one end of; the mainlvalve cylinder 2 A passageway connects the channel 18- with the. main valve cylinder 2 Theoperationof the motor. is as follows The piston 11: in themain cylinder, as shown iniFig. 3.,- istraveling toward the left or outer end; th e;.main valve, 3 is.stationary at the lefthand end of-its cylinder, and motive fluid is passing. intothe main cylinder 1, through inlet6, port. 6 chamber 7, port 9 and duct 10: The exhaust from in front of the piston 11. is passing out: through duct 10 port 9, chamber 12, ,exhaustports 13, 13 and outlet 14;. It will be observed that' piston 11 in its.

travel tothe left. has passed anduncovered thecpassagew-ay 15. Pressure will therefore beadmitted into the chamberv 16 between the head and cap 17 of the main valve cylinder, the. fluid reaching. said chamber from thewpassageway. 15, throughchannel 18, passageway. 19,, chamber 20 (formed between the; heads.2.121 of the auxiliary valve), passagerway. 22, channeli 23 andpassageway 24. The admission of pressure into the chamber 16-will2causethe mainvalve 3 to travel tothewrightv (Fig. 3-) or inner end of its cylinder. As .themain valve'3 moves to the right,

9. As the pressure which is moving the mam valve comes through this port, it is ob- 'vious that as soon as this pressure is cut off its inner head 8 will pass over and close port pressure to duct 10 and the main cylinder being cut off. In order to avoid such stopping of the main valve, the passageways 25 25 communicating with the channels 18, 18 and the main valve cylinder 2 are provided so that before ahead 8 has closed port 9 head f the-main valve has uncovered passageway 25 and admits the pressure from chamber 7 into channel 18 to reinforce the pressure inchamber 16 and thus-prevent any possibility of the main valve 3 not finishing its complete stroke.

Should an expansive motive fluid such as steam or air be employed, the passageway 25, 25 could. be omitted, but where liquid pressure is used for motive power, the provision of these two auxiliary passages makes the complete stroke of the main valve positive.

It will be observed that before the main valve 3 has changed its position to the right hand end of itscylinder (reference being had to Fig. 3 of the drawing) the contents of chamber 16 at the opposite end of the main valve cylinder 2 is in exhaust through passage 24 channel 23 passage-22 chamber 20 passage 28, channel 28 exhaust ports 1313 and outlet 14,thus removingresistance to the free-movement of said main valve. When the main valve has'finished its stroke to the right or inner endof its cylinder (Fig. 3), pressure will be admitted into the left or outer end of the main cylinder 1 from chamber '7 through port 9, duct .10 thus reversing the main piston 11. The ad.- mission of pressure into duct 10 also admits pressure through passageway. 27 into the chamber 26 (see Fig. 5) of the auxiliary valve cylinder. This causes the auxiliary valve 5 to travel to the left or inner end of its cylinder,.and pressure inthe chamber 26 at the opposite end of the auxiliary valve cylinder will exhaust through passageway 27 duct 10, ports 1313 and outlet 14. Thusit will be seen that the reversing of the auxiliary valve takes place as soon as the reversing of the main valve admits pressure into the duct 10 The reversing of the auxiliary valve 5 to the opposite end of its cylinder, arranges the passageways for the proper distribution of motive fluid under pressure and also the exhaust. For the reversing of the main valve 3, at the proper time, passageways 19 and 22 are connected by chamber 20 formed by heads 21 and. 21 of auxiliary valve 5, and passageway 25 is closed by the inner head 8 of the main valve. This places chamber 16 in direct communication with the passageway 15 so that when the piston 11 has passed the port 15 in its travel to the inner end of the driving cylinder 1, pressure will be admitted into the chamber 16 to reverse the main valve 3. The chamber 16 at the opposite end of the main valve will be in exhaust as passageway 24is in direct communication with exhaust port 13, through the medium of channel 23, passage-way 22, chamber20, passageway 28, and channel 28 Returning now to the position of the parts shown in Fig. 3, it will be observed that after the main piston 11 has passed the passage 15 on its outer stroke to the left,.pres-' sure will be in said passage 15 and its con-' necting channels, the same as in cylinder 1' to the right of the piston 11 until the main valve has been reversed, when the space on the right of piston 11 will be in exhaust.

This will place the passage 15 in exhaust also until piston 11 re-passes going to the right onits reverse stroke, when the pressure that is driving piston 11 to the right again enters the passage 15. During the interval of time that passage 15 is in exhaust, there would be a waste of pressure from chambers 7' and 26 through passageways 19' and 25, channel 18 and passage 15 into the exhaust pressure in cylinder 1, if it were not for the presence of the check valve 29 in the passage 15. Valves 3 and '5 have traveled to the opposite ends of their cylinders from their positions shown in the drawings, consequently the inner head 8 of the main valve 3 that has been covering. and closing off pas sage 25, has passed by and uncovered it, allowing pressure from chamber 7 to enter channel 18 that leads to top of check valve 29 in passage 15. Head 21 on the auxiliary valve 5 has passed over passageway 19 to a position between this passageway and passageway 22, thus making the latter the terminal of channel 23 that leads from chamber check valve 29.

16, in connection with passage 28 through the medium of chamber 20 formed by heads 21-21 of auxiliary valve 5. The position of the auxiliary valve places duct 10}, passageway 27, chamber 26, passageway 19, channel 18, and passageway 25 all in connection, and all containing pressur The pressure coming from chamber 7 through port 9 and duct 10, passageway27 into chamber 26, through passageway 25 and connecting with passageway 19 by means of channel 18 that terminates in the enlarged portion of passageway 15 which contains the The lower'end of passageway 15 is in connection with the exhaust pressure in the right hand end of the cylinder 1 until piston 11 has passed by it on its reverse stroke, when the pressure is also in passageway 15 on the under side of the check valve. At this time, all of the outer end of the motor is under pressure except chamber haust port 13, through the medium of passageway 24, channel 23, passageway 22, chamber 20 (formed by heads 2121"* of auxiliary valve 5), passageway 28 and channel 28 The position of the auxiliary valve 5 not only puts chamber 16 in exhaust through passageway 24, channel 23, passageway 22, chamber 20, passageway 28, channel 28 and exhaust port 13, but it also places passageway 27 through which pressure is passing from duct 10 in connection with passageway 19 and channel 18, into which pressure is entering from passageway 25 from chamber 7 of the main valve cylinder,--so that duty of check valve 29 is to prevent the waste of motive pressure during the interval of time that it requires for piston 11 to pass and repass passageway 15 in its travel. This period is of short duration, as it occurs at the end of the stroke.

Various changes might be made in the details of construction of my invention without departing from the spirit thereof or limiting its scope and hence I do not wish to limit myself to the precise details herein'set forth.

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters-Patent, is i "1. In a motor, the combination with a main cylinder and a piston therein, of two valve cylinders, main and auxiliary valves in said valve cylinders, the main valve cylinder having ports communicating with the ducts of the main cylinder, channels communicating with the main cylinder between the center and ends of the latter and with the auxiliary valve cylinder, these channels having ports or passageways intermediate of their ends communicatin with the main valve cylinder to insure tie completion of the stroke of the mainvalve channels communicating at one end with the auxiliary valve cylinder and'at their other ends with the respective ends of the main valvecylinder, and exhaust ports communicating with both of said valve cylinders. i

2. In a motor, the combination with a main cylinder, and a piston therein, said cylinder provided with ducts leading to respective ends thereof, of two valve, cylinders, a main valve in one valve cylinder, an

16, which is in exhaust (for reversing when {with the respective ends of the main valve cylinder, and. exhaust ports communicating with both of said valve cylinders.

3. In a motor, the combination with a main cylinder and a piston therein, said. cylinder having ducts communicating with.

the respective ends thereof, of a main valve cylinder having ports communicating with the ducts of the main cylinder, an auxiliary valve cylinder provided with ports communicating with the ducts of the main cylinder, a main valve, an auxiliary valve, means for conveying the pressure from the main cylinder to the respective ends of the main valve cylinder, said means controlled by the movements of the auxiliary valve, and means for connectin both valve chambers with anexhaust out et.

4. In a motor, the combination with a maincylinder, a'piston therein, of two valve cylinders, a main valve in one of said cylinders, an auxiliary valve in the other valve cylinder, the main valve cylinder having elongated diagonally disposed ports for the passage of fluid to and from the main cylinder.

5. In a motor, the combination with a main cylinder and a piston therein, of two valve cylinders, a main reciprocating valve in one valve cylinder and comprising a series of heads dividing said cylinder into five chambers, an auxiliary reciprocating valve in the other. valve cylinder and having aseries of heads dividing the auxiliary valve cylinder into four chambers, a channel or passageway communicating with the main cylinder at each side of the center thereof, each of said channels or passageways adapted to communicate with a chamber of the auxiliary valve cylinder, and other channels or passageways adapted to communicate with the same chambers of the auxiliary valve cylinder and connected respectively with the end chambers of the main valve cylinder.

6. In a motor, the combination with a main cylinder and a piston therein, of two valve cylinders, a main valve in one valve cylinder having a series of heads dividing said valve cylinder into a series of chambers, an auxiliary valve in the other valve cylinder and having a series of heads dividing said auxiliary valve cylinder into a series of chambers, said main valve cylinder having ports communicating with the main cylinder, means for conducting fluid from the main cylinder to chambers of the auxiliary 7. In a motor, the combination with a main cylinderand a piston therein, of two valve cylinders, a main valve in one valve cylinder, means providing passa eways for fluid from the maincylinder to the ends of the main valve cylinder for shifting the through said passageways, an auxiliary valve in one of the valve cylinders for controlling the flow offluid through passa eways and means for connecting both va ve chambers with an exhaust outlet.

8. In motor, the combination of a'casting comprising a flattened intermediate portion provided with ducts and ports, and collars beyond the ends of said flattened inter mediate portion, a tube secured in said collars and to the under face of said. intermediate flattened'portion, and heads secured to said collars.

9. In a motor, the combination of a casting having an intermediate portion: having ports and ducts and flattened on its upper face for the reception of a valve casing, said casting also comprising hollow extensions at the ends of said intermediate portion and integral collars at the outer ends of said hollow extensions, a tube secured in said casting and constituting the body of a cylinder, and heads for the cylinder secured to the collars at the ends of the casting.

- 10. In a motor, the combination of a main cylinder, a piston therein, a valve cylinder and a piston therein, the valve cylinder having elongated, dia onally disposed ports for the passage of, fluid to and from the main cylinder.

11. In a motor, the combination with a main cylinder and a piston therein, of valve cylinders containing a main and auxiliary valve, the main valve cylinder having elongated, diagonally disposed ports for the passage of fluid to and from the main cylinder.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAR LES L. WILKINS.

Witnesses D. L. DAVIES, PETER GEHR.

-main valve, means for preventing leakage

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