US8783363B2 - Multifunctional key design for metal seal in subsea application - Google Patents

Multifunctional key design for metal seal in subsea application Download PDF

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Publication number
US8783363B2
US8783363B2 US13/374,908 US201213374908A US8783363B2 US 8783363 B2 US8783363 B2 US 8783363B2 US 201213374908 A US201213374908 A US 201213374908A US 8783363 B2 US8783363 B2 US 8783363B2
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ring
key
guide member
guide slot
energizing ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related, expires
Application number
US13/374,908
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English (en)
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US20130187338A1 (en
Inventor
Thirupathi Dommati
Milind Appasaheb Ghumre
Murugan Mahalingam
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vetco Gray LLC
Original Assignee
Vetco Gray LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vetco Gray LLC filed Critical Vetco Gray LLC
Priority to US13/374,908 priority Critical patent/US8783363B2/en
Assigned to VETCO GRAY INC. reassignment VETCO GRAY INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Dommati, Thirupathi, GHUMRE, MILIND APPASAHEB, MAHALINGAM, MURUGAN
Priority to NO20130017A priority patent/NO20130017A1/no
Priority to BR102013000858-3A priority patent/BR102013000858A2/pt
Priority to GB1300767.9A priority patent/GB2498646B/en
Priority to SG2013004890A priority patent/SG192373A1/en
Priority to CN201310022298.1A priority patent/CN103216208A/zh
Publication of US20130187338A1 publication Critical patent/US20130187338A1/en
Publication of US8783363B2 publication Critical patent/US8783363B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Adjusted expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/04—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads
    • E21B33/043—Casing heads; Suspending casings or tubings in well heads specially adapted for underwater well heads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to a key used during the insertion of annular seals, and in particular to a multifunctional key that can be used to prevent rotation, guide, and retrieve a metal seal.
  • Annular sealing rings are used in wellbore applications for sealing between wellbore members.
  • a metallic sealing ring can be used seal between a casing hanger and a wellhead housing in a subsea well application.
  • An energizing ring can be used to set, or energize, a metallic sealing ring.
  • a problem can occur when an energizing ring begins to prematurely engage a seal—either while the energizing ring and seal are being lowered through the casing or just prior to setting the seal, but before the seal is in the correct location.
  • the present invention can be used for setting a metal-to-metal seal in subsea wellhead equipment, but can be applied in any seal setting application that requires anti-rotation, shear force during installation, and retrieval of metal seals.
  • a key can be threaded into a hole in a sidewall of a seal and seated in a hole in an energizing ring.
  • a portion of the key, seated in a hole in the energizing ring can shear off, and can travel in the energizing ring.
  • the remainder of the key, being installed in and protruding from the seal can act as an anti-rotation key by reacting against the key slot in the energizing ring.
  • the protruding portion of the key can also aid in complete seal retrieval by locking against the bottom of the key-way slot in the energizing ring.
  • the multifunctional key can include a cylindrical component that can have three regions—a threaded region, an anti-rotation and retrieval member, and a stud that can be sheared off.
  • the key can be installed after the seal and energizing ring are assembled.
  • the key can be screwed into the threaded hole in the seal, and a portion of the key can be seated in a blind hole, or pocket, in the energizing ring.
  • the stud can engage the pocket, in the energizing ring to prevent the seal from moving relative to the energizing ring.
  • a setting force on the energizing ring reaches a predetermined value, the stud can be sheared off.
  • the force required to shear the stud can be determined by the material and shape of the stud, as well as the number of keys used. After the stud is sheared off, the threaded region and guide member protruding from the sidewall of the seal can act-on the key-way to prevent rotation of the seal relative to the energizing ring, but still allow axial movement for seal setting.
  • the protruding guide member can catch on the bottom of the key-way during seal retrieval.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a system having a multifunctional key in a wellbore application.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the multifunctional key of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the system of FIG. 1 , showing the multifunctional key after the seal has been energized.
  • FIG. 4 is across sectional view of the system of FIG. 3 , taken along the 4 - 4 line.
  • a wellhead housing 100 is presented.
  • the wellhead housing 100 is a conventional high pressure housing for a subsea well. It is a large tubular member located at the upper end of a well, such as a subsea well.
  • Wellhead housing 100 has an axial bore 102 extending through it.
  • a casing hanger 104 lands in the wellhead housing 100 .
  • Casing hanger 104 is a tubular conduit, secured to the upper, end of a string of casing (not shown).
  • Casing hanger 104 has an upward facing shoulder 106 on its exterior.
  • the exterior wall 108 of casing hanger 104 is parallel to the wall of bore 102 but spaced inwardly. This, results in an annular pocket or clearance between casing hanger exterior wall 108 and bore 102 .
  • a seal assembly 110 lands in the pocket between casing hanger exterior wall 108 and bore wall 102 .
  • Seal assembly 110 may be made up entirely of metal components.
  • Seal assembly 110 can include an annular base ring such as seal body 112 .
  • Seal assembly 110 can also include seal member 114 , which can be a leg protruding from seal body 112 .
  • Seal member 114 can be connected to seal body at the bottom by a base and open at the top.
  • the inner diameter of seal member 114 can be radially spaced outward from the outer diameter of seal body 112 , resulting in annular clearance 116 there between. Seal member 114 and seal body 112 can be forced apart such, that each will sell against an adjacent surface.
  • seal members can be used including, for example, U-shaped seals having two legs (not shown) wherein each leg can be a sealing surface and H-seals wherein four sealing surfaces can be employed.
  • seal member 114 and seal body 112 can be forced against parallel ridges and grooves, also known as wickers (not shown) to enhance the sealing properties.
  • Key support aperture 118 can be an aperture, such as a threaded hole, through seal body 112 .
  • key support aperture 118 can extend, perpendicularly, outward from the axis of seal assembly 110 .
  • a plurality of key support apertures 118 can be spaced apart around the circumference of seal assembly 110 .
  • four key support apertures 118 can be spaced evenly apart around seal assembly 110 .
  • two, five, or any number of key support apertures can be evenly spaced or unevenly spaced around seal assembly 110 .
  • a key 120 is a multifunctional key that can be connected to seal assembly 110 .
  • Key 120 can include key body 122 , which can be inserted into and retained by key support aperture 118 .
  • Key axis 124 of key 120 can be normal to the sidewall of seal body 112 when key 120 is connected.
  • key body 122 can be a cylindrical body having threads 126 on its outer diameter. Threads 126 can engage corresponding threads in key support aperture 118 so that key 120 can threadingly engage and be retained by key support aperture 118 .
  • Other techniques can be used to connect key 120 to seal assembly 110 including, for example, welding epoxy, or press fit.
  • a tool receptacle (not shown) can be located on end 125 of key 120 .
  • the tool receptacle can be, for example, a slot that can be engaged by a screwdriver, a hex that can be engaged by a hex key, or any other type of feature to facilitate rotating key 120 with a tool or by hand.
  • Guide member 128 can protrude from the face of key 120 opposite of end 125 .
  • Guide member 128 can have a cylindrical shape, a square shape, or any other shape.
  • guide member 128 has a width that is less than the width of key body 122 , thereby allowing guide member to pass through key support aperture 118 ahead of key body 122 .
  • guide member 128 can have a sidewall 130 that can be parallel to key axis 124 . The axial length of sidewall 130 can be relatively smaller than the diameter or width of guide member 128 .
  • Shear face 132 can be an end of guide member 128 , opposite of key 120 .
  • a retainer stud 134 can protrude from guide member 128 at shear face 132 .
  • Retainer stud 134 can be formed integrally with or be attached to guide member 128 .
  • retainer stud 134 can have a generally cylindrical shape, rotated about key axis 124 .
  • Retainer stud 134 can have a cylindrical stud sidewall 136 and a-stud end face 138 .
  • the outer diameter of stud sidewall 136 can be approximately equal to the outer diameter of guide member 128 , and can taper inward, at taper 140 , as it approaches shear face 132 . As best shown in FIG. 2 , taper 140 has a smaller outer diameter near shear face 132 .
  • a portion of shear face 132 can be exposed because the narrow portion of taper 140 has an outer diameter that is smaller than the outer diameter of guide member 128 .
  • taper 140 can still have a smaller cross sectional area than the cross sectional area of guide member 128 , thus exposing a portion of shear face 132 .
  • the profile of retainer stud 134 matches the profile of guide member 128 , and thus shear face 132 is not exposed.
  • a groove or cut (not shown) can be located in the outer diameter of stud sidewall 136 , at shear face 132 .
  • Retainer stud 134 can shear away from guide member 128 in response to a predetermined amount of shear force.
  • shear face 132 defines the weakest portion of key 120 , such that a shear force will cause retainer stud 134 to shear away from guide member 128 at shear face 132 .
  • the smaller cross section at shear face 132 can contribute to making that location the weak spot even if retainer stud 134 and guide member 128 are integrally formed of the same material.
  • the cross sectional area at shear face 132 can be selected to determine the level of force required to shear retainer stud 134 away from guide member 128 .
  • the material selected for key 120 and any of the components thereof can be chosen for a desired shear force at a given cross sectional area.
  • the adhesive can be selected to shear in response a particular level of force.
  • an energizing ring 142 can be employed to energize an annular seal.
  • energizing ring 142 can force seal member 114 radially outward from seal body 112 and into sealing engagement with a wellbore member such as wellhead housing 100 .
  • Energizing ring 142 can have upper body 144 and a force ring 146 extending from upper body 144 .
  • An outer diameter of force ring 146 can frictionally engage the inner diameter of seal member 114 .
  • An inner diameter of force ring 146 can frictionally engage an outer diameter of seal body 112 .
  • the radial thickness of energizing ring 142 can be greater than, the initial radial dimension of the clearance 116 such that when force ring 146 is inserted into clearance 116 , seal member 114 is deformed against wellhead housing. 100 and seal body 112 is deformed against casing hanger 104 .
  • a guide slot 148 can be a vertical groove on inner diameter 150 of upper body 144 .
  • One or more guide slots 148 can be spaced apart around energizing ring 142 .
  • a plurality of guide slots 148 can be evenly spaced apart or spaced at odd intervals.
  • One or more of the guide slots 148 can be aligned with one or more of the key support apertures 118 .
  • guide slot 148 can have axial sidewalls 152 and an upward facing shoulder 154 .
  • the width of guide slot 148 can be greater than the width of guide member 128 .
  • the axial length of guide slot 148 can be equal to or greater than the sum of (1) the axial travel distance that energizing ring 142 must travel to set seal assembly 110 , and (2) the diameter or height of guide member 128 .
  • the radial depth of guide slot 148 , from the inner diameter of upper body 144 to back surface 156 can be greater than the axial length of guide member 128 but less than the combined axial length of guide member 128 and, retainer stud 134 .
  • stud recess 158 can be, a recess located in back surface 156 , near the bottom of guide slot 148 . As best shown in FIG. 4 , stud recess 158 can have a width greater than the width of retainer stud 134 . The radial depth of stud recess 158 is deeper than the radial depth of guide slot 148 and is deep enough to accommodate retainer stud 134 before, retainer stud 134 has sheared away from guide member 128 , when key 120 is installed in key support aperture 118 . Stud recess 158 can be a cylindrical hole and can have an upward facing shoulder contacted by a lower side of retainer stud 134 .
  • Seal assembly 110 and energizing ring 142 can be carried on a running tool (not shown) in a run-in position.
  • the run-in position is best shown in FIG. 1 .
  • guide slot 148 and key support aperture 1 . 18 can be circumferentially aligned, as best shown in FIG. 4 .
  • key support aperture 118 and stud recess 158 can be concentrically aligned so that key 120 can be inserted into key support aperture 118 to cause guide member 128 and retainer stud 134 to protrude through upper body 144 , with retainer stud 134 being located in, stud recess 158 .
  • energizing ring 142 In the run-in position, energizing ring 142 is held above seal assembly 110 such, that force ring 146 does not radially displace seal member 114 . Because retainer stud 134 is located in stud recess 158 , energizing ring 142 cannot move axially relative to seal assembly 110 unless or until retainer stud 134 is sheared away from guide member 128 . Keys 122 can also retain seal assembly 110 on energizing ring 142 while the assembly is run into the wellbore, thus preventing seal assembly 110 from separating and falling away from energizing ring 142 .
  • the predetermined force required to shear-retainer studs 134 from guide members 128 can be controlled by selecting particular materials for keys 122 ; adhesives for connecting shear retainer studs 134 , or selecting particular cross-sectional widths at the point between shear face 132 and taper 140 .
  • the force required to shear retainer studs 134 can be controlled by the number of keys 122 used in a particular assembly. A greater number of keys 122 can be used for applications where a greater shear force is required. Not all key support apertures 118 on a particular seal assembly 110 need to be populated. If a lower shear force is desired, one or more key support apertures 118 can be left empty.
  • seal assembly 110 lands on upward facing shoulder 106 , thus preventing further downward movement of seal assembly 110 .
  • Keys 122 can continue to prevent energizing ring 142 from energizing seal assembly 110 until a predetermined amount of force is exceeded, thus shearing retainer studs 134 from guide members 128 . The operator can then increase force on the running tool (not shown) until retainer studs 134 are sheared away. Once they have sheared; continued downward force on energizing ring 142 can cause energizing ring 142 to move from the run-in position to an energized position.
  • energizing ring 142 can energize the seals in a conventional manner after retainer stud 134 has sheared. As best shown in FIG. 3 , the now-sheared retainer stud 134 can remain in stud recess 158 as energizing ring 142 moves from the run-in position to the energized position.
  • guide member 128 can slidingly engage guide slot 148 , thereby preventing annular rotation of energizing ring 142 relative to seal assembly 110 even after retainer stud 134 shears.
  • Key 120 specifically, retainer stud 134 and guide member 128 , remain stationary with the landed seal assembly 110 as energizing ring 142 moves downward, The axial height of guide slot 148 permits energizing ring 142 to fully energize seal assembly 110 before guide member 128 contacts top surface 160 of guide slot 148 . After energizing seal assembly 110 , the operator can withdraw the running tool not shown).
  • an operator can connect a running tool (not shown) to energizing ring 142 , and then pull upward on energizing ring 142 .
  • a running tool (not shown)
  • energizing ring 142 can move upward relative to seal assembly 110 .
  • Guide member 128 in guide slot 148 can prevent annular rotation of energizing ring. 142 during the withdrawal.
  • Energizing ring 142 can move upward, relative to seal assembly 110 , until upward facing shoulder contacts guide member 128 .
  • force can be transferred from energizing ring 142 , through seal key 120 , to seal assembly 110 , until seal assembly 110 is lifted up and out of its position.
  • guide slot 148 detached retainer stud 134 also move up. Taper 140 on retainer stud 134 can help retainer stud move up without catching on guide member 128 .

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
US13/374,908 2012-01-23 2012-01-23 Multifunctional key design for metal seal in subsea application Expired - Fee Related US8783363B2 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/374,908 US8783363B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2012-01-23 Multifunctional key design for metal seal in subsea application
NO20130017A NO20130017A1 (no) 2012-01-23 2013-01-04 Flerfunksjons-kilekonstruksjon for metalltetning i subsea-applikasjon
BR102013000858-3A BR102013000858A2 (pt) 2012-01-23 2013-01-14 Conjunto vedador de furo de poço, chave multifuncional e método para vedar um furo do poço
GB1300767.9A GB2498646B (en) 2012-01-23 2013-01-16 Multifunction key design for metal seal in subsea application
SG2013004890A SG192373A1 (en) 2012-01-23 2013-01-21 Multifunctional key design for metal seal in subsea application
CN201310022298.1A CN103216208A (zh) 2012-01-23 2013-01-22 用于水下应用中的金属密封件的多功能键设计

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/374,908 US8783363B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2012-01-23 Multifunctional key design for metal seal in subsea application

Publications (2)

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US20130187338A1 US20130187338A1 (en) 2013-07-25
US8783363B2 true US8783363B2 (en) 2014-07-22

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US13/374,908 Expired - Fee Related US8783363B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2012-01-23 Multifunctional key design for metal seal in subsea application

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US (1) US8783363B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN103216208A (zh)
BR (1) BR102013000858A2 (zh)
GB (1) GB2498646B (zh)
NO (1) NO20130017A1 (zh)
SG (1) SG192373A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD1014472S1 (en) * 2019-12-17 2024-02-13 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Microphone

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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MY192025A (en) * 2016-06-07 2022-07-22 Welltec As Downhole operational tool
US11105451B2 (en) * 2017-07-07 2021-08-31 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Heat transfer interruption for improved fire resistance/proof performance

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US2605623A (en) 1945-08-28 1952-08-05 Separator Ab Shear pin coupling
US4177352A (en) 1978-05-25 1979-12-04 Interpace Corporation Shear bolt assembly for a load limiting line support for a post insulator
US4520566A (en) 1983-07-20 1985-06-04 Davis Kurtis D Shear pin hilt for knife
US4751965A (en) * 1987-04-30 1988-06-21 Cameron Iron Works Usa, Inc. Wellhead seal assembly
US4921259A (en) 1989-01-13 1990-05-01 Cameron Iron Works Usa, Inc. Packoff seal with dual member engaging means
GB2251012A (en) 1990-12-21 1992-06-24 Fmc Corp Metal-to-metal annulus packoff
US5325925A (en) * 1992-06-26 1994-07-05 Ingram Cactus Company Sealing method and apparatus for wellheads
GB2274477A (en) 1993-01-26 1994-07-27 Vetco Gray Inc Abb Positive lock-down for wellhead seal
US5456314A (en) 1994-06-03 1995-10-10 Abb Vetco Gray Inc. Wellhead annulus seal
US5503230A (en) 1994-11-17 1996-04-02 Vetco Gray Inc. Concentric tubing hanger
US5839512A (en) 1995-12-14 1998-11-24 Fmc Corporation Adjustable casing hanger with contractible load shoulder and metal sealing ratch latch adjustment sub
US6510895B1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2003-01-28 Fmc Technologies Energized sealing cartridge for annulus sealing between tubular well components
US6749018B1 (en) 2000-11-21 2004-06-15 Abb Vetco Gray Inc. Bit run and retrieval wear bushing and tool
US7559366B2 (en) * 2006-12-07 2009-07-14 Vetco Gray Inc. Flex-lock metal seal system for wellhead members
US20100300705A1 (en) 2009-06-02 2010-12-02 Vetco Gray Inc. Metal-to-metal seal with travel seal bands
US8006764B2 (en) 2007-06-18 2011-08-30 Vetco Gray Inc. Adjustable threaded hanger
GB2489574A (en) 2011-03-25 2012-10-03 Vetco Gray Inc Wellhead annular sealing system

Patent Citations (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2605623A (en) 1945-08-28 1952-08-05 Separator Ab Shear pin coupling
US4177352A (en) 1978-05-25 1979-12-04 Interpace Corporation Shear bolt assembly for a load limiting line support for a post insulator
US4520566A (en) 1983-07-20 1985-06-04 Davis Kurtis D Shear pin hilt for knife
US4751965A (en) * 1987-04-30 1988-06-21 Cameron Iron Works Usa, Inc. Wellhead seal assembly
US4921259A (en) 1989-01-13 1990-05-01 Cameron Iron Works Usa, Inc. Packoff seal with dual member engaging means
GB2251012A (en) 1990-12-21 1992-06-24 Fmc Corp Metal-to-metal annulus packoff
US5174376A (en) * 1990-12-21 1992-12-29 Fmc Corporation Metal-to-metal annulus packoff for a subsea wellhead system
US5325925A (en) * 1992-06-26 1994-07-05 Ingram Cactus Company Sealing method and apparatus for wellheads
GB2274477A (en) 1993-01-26 1994-07-27 Vetco Gray Inc Abb Positive lock-down for wellhead seal
US5456314A (en) 1994-06-03 1995-10-10 Abb Vetco Gray Inc. Wellhead annulus seal
US5503230A (en) 1994-11-17 1996-04-02 Vetco Gray Inc. Concentric tubing hanger
US5839512A (en) 1995-12-14 1998-11-24 Fmc Corporation Adjustable casing hanger with contractible load shoulder and metal sealing ratch latch adjustment sub
US6510895B1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2003-01-28 Fmc Technologies Energized sealing cartridge for annulus sealing between tubular well components
US6749018B1 (en) 2000-11-21 2004-06-15 Abb Vetco Gray Inc. Bit run and retrieval wear bushing and tool
US7559366B2 (en) * 2006-12-07 2009-07-14 Vetco Gray Inc. Flex-lock metal seal system for wellhead members
US8006764B2 (en) 2007-06-18 2011-08-30 Vetco Gray Inc. Adjustable threaded hanger
US20100300705A1 (en) 2009-06-02 2010-12-02 Vetco Gray Inc. Metal-to-metal seal with travel seal bands
GB2489574A (en) 2011-03-25 2012-10-03 Vetco Gray Inc Wellhead annular sealing system

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Search Report from corresponding GB Application No. GB 1300767.9 dated Apr. 17, 2013.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD1014472S1 (en) * 2019-12-17 2024-02-13 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg Microphone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2498646A (en) 2013-07-24
NO20130017A1 (no) 2013-07-24
GB201300767D0 (en) 2013-02-27
US20130187338A1 (en) 2013-07-25
GB2498646B (en) 2014-07-16
CN103216208A (zh) 2013-07-24
SG192373A1 (en) 2013-08-30
BR102013000858A2 (pt) 2013-12-17

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