US876946A

US876946A - Apparatus for casting metal pipes.

Info

Publication number: US876946A
Application number: US37314407A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edgar A Custer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1907-05-11
Filing date: 1907-05-11
Publication date: 1908-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 1925-01-21

Description

PATENTED JAN. 1908.

E. A. GUSTBR. APPARATUS FOR CASTING METAL PIPES.

PPLI ATION FILED MAY 11 190 A 0 7 a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

"NE/y TOR -.pylllflavllllllllllgl flJail a a A A.

WITNESSES:

-VB.A.GUSTBRI.' APPARATUS FOR. GASTING METAL PIPES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 11. 1907.

PATENTED JAN. 21, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVEIITOR Y nrmnus'n UNI ED .srATEs A ar onrron.

EDGAR A. GUSTER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR CASTING METAL PIPES.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 21, 1908.

Application filed May 11.1907. Serial Nb. 373.144.

5 .delphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful .lmprovements in Apparatus .forCasting Metal Pipes," of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to an apparatus for casting metal pipes; and in such connection it relates more particularly first, to operating means to permit of the casting .of a metal pipe perfect in outline or shape ready for use, after casting; second, to means molten metal in a permanent mold, without em loy'ing gritty material such as sand, as a mo (1, for the formation of the pipe and third; to means toperm'i't of the casting of a water, soil orother pipe free from blow and sand holes, cracks and shot formations thereon, to, be removed, and a pipe which when remeved from fthe permanent mold and after natural cooling, is ready for use,

without further finishing thereof.

The nature and scope of my present in vention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, in which Figure 1 is a view, illustrating partly in section and partly in elevation, an endless conveyer, a series of permanent unyielding molds placed thereon, hoisting means for '35 raising and conducting the molds filled with metal from one to the other end of the active portion of the conveyer and for removing a' cope from a drag and replacing, a melting furnace and a receiving ladle for molten metal, and a stationary pouring ladle for simultaneously introducing the metal into a series of pour-holes, in each of the molds, all forming mainfeatures of m present in-- vention. to or plan, two conveyors arranged side by side, and the molds of unyielding ermanent material carried by the same. l fig. 3 is a detail view, enlarged, illustrating in -to, or plan, aportion of a drag and a cope o the conyeverto a curing ladle; Fig. 4 is a 'simllarview,fil-ustrating in side elevation, the pouring ladle; and Fig. 5 is a detail view, enlarged, lllustrating in section, the pourto permit of the casting of said pipe from' Fig. 2 is a view, ilustrating in moldand a core for "being transmitted by av ing ladle and a mold, and the manner of introducing molten metal into the mold.

Referring to the drawings .6, re resents a conveyer, consisting of two paralle chains.

7, passing over twosets of sprocket wheels 8, each set of which areoarried by a shaft 9, to which, by means of a sprocket-wheel 10,

and means not shown, isimparted a step-bystep rotary movement in one direction for the distance of two links of the chains 7. To two oppositely located links of both chains is secured a metal strip or slat 11, which during travel of the chains 7, in a horizontal plane, rest side by side and form an'even surface.

In order to hold the conveyer and the strips thereof, in alinement with the floor 13, of a buildingmot'shown, the same is located in a pit 12, formed in'the floor 13 thereof. .At thesame time the portion of the chains 7, and strips 11 traveling in the upperhoriwith a stepby-step movement from right to left in Figs. 1 and 2, to permittl1econ- 'veyer 6, to carry heavy objects, in the pres ent instance, molds 15, consisting of unyielding permanent material, such as metal, y an intermittent movement, towards a pouring ladle 25. Y

Each'of the molds 15 ,"consists of a drag 16;, and a cope 17, which cope is held upon the drag, 'byits own Wei ht, having been made for this purpose simi ar to'the drag. 16, of a solid block of metal, of comparatively large size, in orosssection,- to retain heat-absorbed from molten metal introduced into thejmold, and to prevent warping or bending due to any want of uniformity'in theheatin of the mold, by the molten metal. The (rag 16 and the cops 17,,ijare each providedwith a semi-circular depression 18, forming combined in the mold. 15, an annular, oblongpressions 18, will be limited and confined to In order to permit of the free expansion of the metal of the mold adjacent to the depressions 18, thereof, the drag 16 and the cope 17, are provided with small openin s- 21, extending certain distances into thebo y', ,of the mold. These openings 21, also pro-v vide a means, whereby any cracking'of the metalof the mold extending fromthe dethe openings, thereby preventing any extensions; of cracks through the drag and the cope, by extended use of the mold. In addition to the openings 21, both the drag and the cope are provided with grooves22, extending radially from the depressions 18, and lengthwise through the dra and the cope.

' These grooves 22, form poc ets, forthe recc tion of "inert material, such as mica, w ich permits of a' compression bythe expanding metal, and thus serves to counteract any crackin of. the mold in parts throughout the same. he core 23, used in conjunction with the mold so formed, preferably, consists Before however, the metal is poured into-the mold, the depressions 18, of the cope and the drag may be coated with semi-liquid composition, to permit the molten metal to lay close to the depressions, during casting, and hence obviate any receding of the metPl from the mold.

In'order to cast a pipe, which when removed from themold15, is ready for use, free from cracks, blow and sand holes, and shot formations, upon the exterior surface, which must be removed if existing, before the pipe can be used, it is necessary to introduce simultaneously the metal in a molten state into each of the pouring holes 19, of the cope 17 in equal portions, with the same ve ocities and under the same pressures, to insure a uniform flow of the metal within the two parts of the mold 15. This is accomplished by a pouring ladle 25 beneath which the mold '15, is conducted and held stationary by the conveyer 6, which ladle is provided with three pouring s cuts 26, equal in the liquid or molten metal therefrom. The

number with the pouringoles of the cope 17 of substantially the same size, which are held in the central longitudinal axis of tr'unnions 27, at and during discharge of trunnions 27, formed integral with the ladle 25, are engaged by brackets 28, which hold the ladle with their spouts 26, directly above the -pouring holes 19, of the cope 17', and in the same horizontalplane, and thus at a uniform height above the mold 15, occupying thefcasting position on theconveyer 6, as

shown in Fig. I. By maintaining the spouts 26 of the ladle 25, 'in substantial y the same position, irrespective of the extent of tilting of the ladle, and the spouts 26, ofthe same being of substantially the same size, equal uantities of molten metal will be discharged t erefrom, which metal will assume the same velocities and pressures in the discharge, in the filling of the depressions 18, of the "drag 16and the cope 17, of the mold 15, by passing through the pouring holes 19, of the cope 17 and. throu h the gates 20, of the drag 16' thereinto. '1. e flow ,of each portion of the metal into the depressions-18, will thus be uniform, whereby is insured the castin of a pipe perfect in' outline and sha e wit a. v

smooth exterior surface and whic .is aided permanent by mainly the character of the unyielding metal mold, as define v o prevent undue cooling of the metal in the pouring ladle 25, the-same is preferably contracted as at 29, and by partition walls 30, is divided into three sections 31 of substantiall the same size, which are connected with em other by openings or assages 32,

arranged in the upper ortion of t e artition Walls 30, as shown in igs. 4 and 5-. bus the molten metal introduced into the central section 31, of thepouring ladle 25, by a receiving ladle 33, will distribute itself from the central section through the'passages 32,

of the-walls'30, into the end sections- 31, of

the ladle 25, and the ql'uantity of metal held by each section 31, Wi insure the castingof a pipe complete, for use:

The receivingladle 33, is tiltably su ported by standards 34, which hold the spdii of the ladle in proper position above the pouring ladle 25,. The receiving ladle 33, is directly placed beneath the discharge spout 37, of any preferred type ofcupola' furnace 36, as shown in Figs; 1. and 2, and receives molten metalitherefrom.

In order to permit of the concentration'of gases arising 'from' the flowin metal, the cope 17 of the mold 15,is provi ed with a depression or channel 38, extending len thwise thereof, as shown in full and dotted ines. in Figs. 3 and 5. The gases liberated during pourin of the metal will accumulate in'the channe 38, located at the highest portion of the depression 18, of the co e 17 thus preventing the formation of a epression or depressions-in the surface of the pipe cast,

which is bound to occur should no provision be'made for the concentration of such gases, as hereinbe'fore ex lained. The main portion of the. gases, owever, present in the casting of a structure, such as a pipe, are freed into'the interior of the hollowbody 24, of the core 23, by passing through the covering and thereof. After the pipe V occupying the position beneath the pouring 1 be sufficient onlyto has been cast the mold 15,

perforations of the body into the interior c ously into like mol 'ladles 25, on the conveyer 6, is lifted prefers ably by a hoisting mechanism 39, sup'h as (shownin'Fig.;1, and is replaced upon the conveyor 6, but in this instance, at the farthest end portion of the same, occupying the ulpper horizontal plane. In the meantime, t e conveyer 6, will have been shifted forthe distance of two strips 11, from right to left in Fig. 1, and two em ty strips 11, will by such time have been shi ted into ancoperative position upon the table 14, to receive the mold in which a pipe-has been cast. By the forward movement of'the conveyer 6, another mold 15, is brought into the casting position beneath the pouring ladle 25, while the cope 1'7, of .the mold, previously occupying this position, is lifted from the'drag 16', preferably y a second hoisting mechanism 40, and is then placed on the conveyer 6, alongside of 20 thedra 16. The pipe cast is'thus laid bare, f and is t en removed from the drag 16, after which the cope 17, and the drag 16, are cleaned and again coated and a cope replaced on its dug by the hoisting -mechanism 40, dur- 4 5 ing the further step-by-step movement of the conveyer 6, and prior to the reaching of the reassembled mold of the castingposition be: neath the pouringladle 25. I

Owing to the comparatively large size in 0 cross-section of the drag 16,'and cope 17, of each of themolds 15, the same will retain a sufiicie'nt amount of heat absorbed from the molten metal introduced therein to-mate- .riall'y aid in the production of a perfect pipe, win that no-a'ppreciable lowering of the tempe'ratnre of the molten metal occurs within the untold, during the casting operation. Moreover, the equal portions into which the depressions 1 8, are divided by the gates 20,"

and by the introduction of an equal quantity of molten metal under equal pressure into eachsection of the mold there will be insured a uniformity in the speed of the flow of the "metal within the mold, a feature Which-has proven' most essential to the obtaining of a perfect pi 6 structure.

Instea of .uslng, one endless conveyer 6,

two or more conveyers, arranged at 061138111 operations. Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In anapparatus of the character. described, aypermanentunyielding mold provided with a cope and a drag, stationary means for permitting, of the introduction ,of molten metal in e ual portions simultanedistances apart may be em loyed and laced ladies 33, with mo ten metal, for the casting ,a. core, means for permitting of the freeing of gases or volatilematter from the metal in the mold during casting of the structure and means whereby provided with a cope and a drag, stationary means for. permitting of the introduction of molten metal in equal pprtio'ns, in'unison and atuniform pressuresand velocities into both cope and drag of the mold, an internal perforated core, means for permitting of the freeing of gases or volatile matter during the running of the metal in the castin operation and means whereby removal of the cast structure can be had.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, a permanent mold of unyieldin material having a plurality of gates at (eterminate points thereof, stationary means for introducing molten metal in equal portions, simultaneously in, the same horizontal lane through the ates of the mold and Wit like pressures an velocities, a core, and means to permit of removal of the cast structure from the mold.

'14 In an apparatus'of the character d escribed, a permanent mold of unyieldin material having a plurality of gates at deterlOO ter and gases from the metal. during the casting is freed therefrom, and means, to permit of the cast structure bein removed.

5. In an apparatus, 0 the character 'de- :scribed, the combination with means for receiving' and discharging molten metal, an endless conveyer arranged tosupport a plura-lity of molds, each consisting of a drag and a cope of permanent unyielding material,

said conveyeradapted toconduct a mold to said metal discharging means to receive molten metal therefrom and means formemoving the filled mold occupyin thec asting' position and replacing it .upon the conveyer, in advance of the metal discharging meansl,

6. In, an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a ladle for receiving and discharging molten metal having.

discharge spouts, an endless conve er arranged to support apluralityof mol s, each I pour ho e ofa cope of said-mold.

7 In an apparatus of, the character dc-- scribed, the combination-with a ladle for-re Y consisting of a dra and a 00 e of permanent :1'25 ladle, and said ladle adapted by the spouts to dischar 'e equal amountsof metal intoeach 95 ininate points thereof, stationary means for 2 5 ladle so astobring the pour-holes of the cope ceiving and discharging molten metal having discharge spouts, an endless conveyer arranged to support a plurality of molds, each consisting'of a drag and a 06 e of permanent unyielding material, and eac cope having a plurality of pour-holes, said conveyer adapt- 4 edto conduct a mold, below spouts of said 1 ladle, and said ladle adapted by the spouts to discharge epual amounts of metal into each pour hole 0 a cope and arranged to' be held with the spouts at and during discharge of metal: in substantially a fixed position with respect to said mold.

8. In; an .apparatus of the character described, the combination with a ladle for receiving and discharging molten metal'having discharge spouts at equal distances apart, and divided into sections, each'communieating with a spout, an endless conveyer arranged to support a plurality of molds, each consisting of a drag and a co e of permanent unyielding material, and eac cope having a series of-pour-holes equidistant with respect to spouts of the ladle, said conveyer adapted to conduct successively each mold to said thereof, below the spouts of the ladle, and

said ladle adapted .to discharge in equal amounts the metal through each of holes of the cope of said" mold.

9. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, the combination with .a ladle for receiving and dischar ing molten metal, a pouring-ladle divide .into communicating sections, each having a spout arranged to be charged with metal by the receivin ladle, an endless conveyer, a plurality of mo ds carried by, the conveyer' and conducted successively, below the pouring ladle. Y

10. In an apparatus ofthe character de-- scribed, the combinationwith a ladle adaptthe pourled to receive and discharge molten metal, a pouring ladle having a series of discharge cope of-permanent unyie spouts at equal distances apart,'an endless conveyer, a plurality of molds carried by the conveyer, each ,co'nsistin of a. drag and' a cope of permanent unyie ding material, and each cope havinga series of pour holes equidistant with respect to the spouts of said ladle, said conveyer, adapted to conduct successively each mold to the pouring ladle so as distant Withrespect to the spouts of said ladle, said conveyer, adapted to conduct suc- I cessively each mold to the pouring ladle so as to. bring the pour-holes of the cope below the spouts thereof, and said ladle adapted to discharge in e ual amounts metalthrough each of the pouroles-of the cope of said mold and means for removing a filled mold'from a position below said pouring-ladle and of the replacing of the same upon said conveyer at a certain distance from the ladle.

12. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, the combination with two stationary I tiltable ladles, whereof one is arranged to continuously receive molten metal and to discharge the same, at intervals andwhereof the other is arranged to receive and discharge the metal at intervals, an endless'c onveyer, a plurality of molds carried by the conveyer, each consistin of a drag and a cope of permanent unyie ding material, said conveyer adapted to conduct successively, each mold to said discharge ladle.

-13. In an apparatus of the'character described, the combination with two stationary tiltable ladles, whereof one is arranged to continuously receive molten metal and dis-- charge at intervals and whereof theother to receive and dischar e the metal at' intervals, and to be held with the spouts in substantiallya fixed position at and during discharge of the metal therefrom, an endless conveyer, a plurality of molds'adapt'ed to be carried by the conveyer, each consisting of a'dra and ajcope of permanent unyielding- 'mater1a and each-cope having a series 0 pour-holes edi uidistant with respect to the spouts of sai ,ladle, said conveyer adapted to conduct successively, each mo dbelow the spouts of said second ladle, and said second having a series of pouring spouts-is adapted thereof an equal uantity of metal through each of the pourmold.

14. In an apparatus of the character described,'the combination with two stationary oles' of the cope of sa d tiltable ladles, whereof one is arranged-t0 continuously receive molten metal'and discharge at intervals, and whereof the other having a series of pouring spouts, is divided to receive and discharge the metal at intelk vals, an endless conveyer, a plurality of molds carried thereby, each consisting of a drag and a' cope of permanent unyielding material, and each cope having a series of pour-holes equidistant with respect to the spouts of said ladles, said conveyor adapted to conduct 'successivlely eachbf said molds below the spoutsof said second ladle, and said second ladle adapted to discharge by the spouts thereof "an equal quantity of metal through each of-the pour-holes of the cope of said mold, and means for" supporting said segfnnd ladle to hold the spouts thereofin'a 10 5 ladle adapted to discharge by the spouts 3 7 into sections one for each spout, is adapted I fixed position with respect to the mold occup ing the, casting position at and during disc arge of metal therefrom.

' In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with two stationary tiltable ladles, whereqf one is arranged to Continuously receive molten metal and dis- Y pour-holes equidistant with respect to the spouts of said ladles, said conveyer adapted to conduct successively each of said molds below the spouts of said second ladle, and

said second ladle adapted to discharge by the spouts thereof an equal quantity of metal through each of the pour-holes of the cope of saidmold, means for supporting said second ladle to hold the spouts thereof in a fixed position with respect to the mold occupying the castin position at and during discharge of metal t erefrom and means for removing the mold from the casting position below said second ladle and replacing upon said conveyer at a certain distance from said. second mold.

16. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination with a ladle having a series of pouring spouts, and trunnions arranged with their central longitudinal axis in alinement with the spouts, means for supportin said ladle by engaging the trunnions thereo an endless conveyer arranged below .said ladle, a .plurality of molds, carried by said conveyer, each consisting of a drag and a cope of permanent unyielding material, and each cope having a series of pour-holes equidistant with respect to the spouts of said ladle, said conveyer ada ted to successively .conduct each of said mol of said ladle, and said ladle by the spouts thereof ada ted to discharge equal amounts of metal ur'ng a uniformly maintained height of the spouts with respect to the mold, through each pounhole of a ca e of the same.

17. 'In an apparatus of the character described, the combination wi'th 'a ladle having a series of ourin spoutsfdivided into sections, one orjeaci of the-spouts, trunnions secured to the ladle and arranged with the central longitudinal; axis in alinement with the spouts, means for supporting said ladle by engaging, the trunnions thereof, an endless conveyeil arranged below said ladle, a plurality of molds carriedby said conveyer,

each consisting a drag and a cope of, permanent unyielding material, and: each cope havinga series of pour-holes equid stant with respect to the spouts of said ladle, said 0on ds below the spouts veyer adapted to successively conduct each ds, below the spouts of said ladle, I

of said mo and said ladle by the spouts thereof adapted to discharge equal amounts of metal during a-uniformly maintained. height of the spouts with respect to the mold. through each pour-' hole of a cope of the same.

18. The combination with two stationary tiltable ladles, whereof the first one is adapted to continuously receive and to discharge metal at intervals, and whereof the second one by partitions having passage-ways is divided into sections, each iavin a discharge spout, the partition-walls of sai second ladle and its passageways arranged to ermit of discharge of metal from said first adle into one section-of said second ladle and the entrance of the metal fromthe filled section into the remaining unfilled sections thereof,

trunnions secured to said second ladle and arranged with their central longitudinal axis in alinement with .the spouts of said second ladle, means for supporting said second ladle by engaging the trunnions thereof, an endless conveyer arranged below said ladle, a plurality of molds carried by said conveyer, each consisting of a drag. and a 00 e of permanent unyielding material, and eac cope having a series of pour-holes equi-distant with respect to the spouts of said second ladle, said conveyer adapted to successively .conduct each of said molds below the s outs of said second ladle, and said second adleby the spouts thereof adapted to discharge equal amounts of metal during a uniformly maintained height of the s outs with respect to the mold through eac pour-hole of a cope of the same.

19. The combinationw'ith two stationary tiltable ladles, whereof the first one is adapt ed to continuously receive and to discharge metal at intervals,, and whereof the second one by partitions having assage-ways is di.

vided intosections, each aving a discharge spout, the partition walls of said second ladle and its passageways arranged to'- ermit of discharge of metal from sald first adle into one section of said second ladle and the entrance of the metal from the filled section into the remaining unfilled sections thereof, trunnions secured to said second ladle and arranged'with their central longitudinal axis in alinement with the' spouts of said second ladle, means for supporting said second ladle by engaging the trunnions thereof, an endless conveyer arranged below said ladle, a plurality of molds carried by said conveyer, each consistin of a drag and a cope of peranent unyielding material, and each cope having a series of pour-holes equi-dist'ant with respect to the s outs of said second ladle, said conveyer a apted to successively I conduct each of said molds, below the spouts of said second ladle, said second ladle by the amounts of metal uring a uniform spouts thereof ada, ted to dischar%e eqnal' y maintained hei ht of the spouts with respect to the mold t'irough eachpour-hole of a co e of the same, means for removing the mold rom the casting position below said second ladle end replacmg'upon conveyer'at a. certain distance from sald second mold and means for removing and replacing a cope upon a drag of each mold before reaching the-czisting 10 position below said second mold.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing wltnesses.

EDGAR A. OUSTER.

Witnesses: THOMAS M. SMITH,

WILHELM VosT.