US876533A - Process of producing and forming twisted filaments from viscose or similar material. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908.

C. A. ERNST. PROCESS OF PRODUCING AND FORMING TWISTED FILAMENTS FROM VISOOSE 0R SIMILAR MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 17, 1906.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. ERNST, OF LANSDOWNE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO SILAS W. PETTIT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING AND FORMING TWISTED FILAlMENTS FROM VIS SDIILAR MATERIAL.

COSE on I No. 876,533.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan.- 14, 1908.

Application filed January 17. 1906- I Serial No. 296.492;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. ERNST, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Lansdowne, State of Pennsylvania, have lnvented certain new and useful Improvements in the Process of Producing and Formmg Twisted Filaments from Viscose or Similar Material, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

In forming threads of what is known as artificial silk or similar material, it is common to eject the viscose or other similar viscous substances into a fixing or coagulating solution through a spinneret provided with a plurality of small apertures, the spinneret being given atthe same time a rotary motion, whereby the filaments are wrapped or twisted about each other as they traverse the coagulating bath. The thread so formed is then subjected to any further chemical treatment and is washed and dried in any suitable manner. Thetwisting together of the filaments in the coagulating bath is undesirable, however, since in addition to being easil broken by such twisting, the newl forme complete y or thoroughly acted upon by the fixing solution and the tendency of the filaments is to mat or stick to each other, which greatly diminishes the quality and the ap pearance of the finished thread.

The object of my invention is to treat the thread both in the bathand in the latter steps of the process in an untwisted condition such as is disclosed in my United States Patent, No. 808,148, of December 26, 1905, and to postpone the step of spinning or twisting the filaments together until the end of the process of forming the same, whereby each individual filament will be more thoroughly acted upon by the chemicals and by the baths in which the filaments are washed whereby a stronger and better product is obtained. I

A further object of my invention is to so wind the thread as it emerges fromthe coagulating bath upon the spools on which it is treated in the various succeeding steps of the process and from which it is unwound and conducted to the twisting machine, that abroken filament may be easily detected.

A further object of my invention is, to so spin the thread that a broken filament will not accumulate on the spool from which 1t filaments are often not is being unwound, but will, in the majority of cases, be cau ht and carried along and spun together with the unbroken filaments without necessitating the stopping of the spinning machine or any manipulation on the part of the operator.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 indicates a spool,

drum or ring upon which the untwisted thread of artificial silk is wound as it emerges from the fixing bath, u on which it is subjected to any further 0 emical action, such as a further fixing, a bleaching, ora washing of the same, and from which it is conducted to the twisting machine; Fig. 2 shows my improvedprocess of twisting together untwisted filaments.

The steps employed by me in the manufacture of What is commonly known as artificial silk are as follows :.The viscose or similar material is forced in a plurality of strands or filaments from a cap or plate perforated with a number of very small 0 enings into a coagulating or fixing bath an the several filamentsso formed are collected into a single untwisted thread which is conducted to a rotating spool or cylinder upon which it is wound by means of any suitable traverse mechanism. The filaments so Wound are then subjected, while on the spool,to the various succeeding ste s of the process and are then washed and ried on the spool. By means of these steps the filaments are thoroughly. changed into a strong brilliant thread of artificial silk. The untwisted thread is then unwound and conducted directl to a twisting machine of any suitable description, whereby the filaments are bound together and a finished twisted thread is produced.

In attempting toconduct an untwisted thread from the s' 001 or bobbin upon which it is wound direct y to the twistingmachine,1

I have found that when one of the filaments I s indle 7.

which the untwisted thread is laid in such a manner that the individual turns or convolutions of the thread will cross those of the preceding course at a fairly sharp angle. The spool when wound, will present a net or open mesh appearance as plainly indicated in Fig.

.1. This open mesh winding maybe accomplished by a variety of known winding mechanisms in which the traverserod by which the thread is laid on the spool is given a comparatively rapid movement or reciprocation. In other words, the spool is rotated but a few times, while the traverse rod is given a single reciprocation. T his results in each convolution or turn of a course of the thread on the spool being laid at a considerable distance from the preceding turn or convolution in the same course. In Fig. 1, the distance between the difl'erent convolutions is indicated by the numeral 2. The spool 1 'is positively driven in any suitable manner to deliver the thread through the guide eye 3 in the thread-board 4 to the thread guide 5 in the flier 6, which is secured to and is positively rotatedby the The spindle 7 is rotated through t e whirl 8, belt 9, and tin roller 10 of the twisting machine.

11 indicates the traverse or builder form which is reciprocated vertically in an y direction parallel to the spindle by any suitable builder mechanism, (not shown) by which a reci rocatory motion is communicated to the bob in 12 loosely mounted on both said traverse form and said s indle. The thread passing through the t read guide 5 is wound upon the bobbin 12 as fast as the same is delivered from the bobbin 1 as is usual in twistin machines. v

so locate the s ool 1 with respect to the thread-board 4 an I make the thread guide 3 of so large a size that the twist imparted to the thread b the flier 6 will not. terminate at said threadcard, but will extend from the thread guide 5 at the end of the flier up through said guide eye 3 to the surface of the spool from which the thread is being delivered. The result of this construction is that should one of the filamentsv become broken during any of the ste s of the process as inallow the same to accumulate on the spool. If, however, such filament be not caught, its accumulation on the spool will be in substantially concentric parallel courses and can be readily distinguished from the untwisted threads which are laid at a considerable angle to a plane normal to the axis of the spool.

While I have described a construction in which the ring or spool is positively driven and in which the bobbin is dragged around the spindle bythe thread being'twisted, my invention contemplates the employment of any suitable twisting mechanism in which the twisting extends back the whole length of the thread up tothe point of its delivery from the surface of the bobbin or spool from which it is being unwound, and in which the twisting together of the unbroken filaments at the surface of the s ool will nip or bind in and carry along any oose end or filament that may have been broken during the proccess of twisting.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. The process of forming a twisted thread of artificial silk, which consists in winding upon a spool a thread consisting of a plurality of untwisted filaments, conducting said thread from said spool to a suitable spinning head, and simultaneously twisting the same for the entire distance between the spinning head and the point of the delivery of the thread from the spool.

2. The method of forming a twisted thread of artificial silk, or similar material, which consists in forming a thread com osed of untwisted parallel continuous aments, winding said untwisted filaments in 0 en courses upon spools, and thennnwin ing said untwisted thread, and simultaneously twisting the same from the point where it leaves the spool, to catch any loose end or broken filament and bind it in with the unbroken filaments while they are being twisted together.

3. The process of forming a twisted thread of artificial silk, which consists in winding in separated convolutions upon a spool a thread consisting of a plurality of untwisted lilaments, conducting said thread from said spool to a suitable twisting head, and twisting said thread the entire distance between said twisting head and the point where it leaves the spool.

4. The process of twisting a thread composed of a plurality of untwisted filaments, which consists in unwinding said thread from a spool upon which it is wound in separated convolutions, twisting said thread for the entire distance between said head and the point where the thread leaves the spool, whereby any loose or broken filaments will be caught by the unbroken filaments being twisted as they leave the spool, and the twisting of all the filaments will be continued without any interruption of the twisting operation. y

5. The method of twisting filaments into a twisted thread, which consists in windin a thread composed of substantially para el and untwisted filaments upon a spool, with each convolution of a course separated by a considerable distance from the other convolutions in the same course, delivering said thread from said spool directly to a suitable twisting machine and twisting the samefor .the entire distance between the twisting mechanism and the surface of the spool, whereby any loose or broken filament is caught at its point of delivery from saidspool by the unbroken filaments as they are' twisted at said point.

6. In the twisting of athread composed of substantially parallel untwisted filaments, the method of preventing the separation of a broken filament from the rest of the filaments forming the thread, which consists in condirectly to a twisting mechanism and twistducting the untwisted thread from the spool ing the thread the entire distance between the twisting mechanism and the surface of ool. n the twisting of a thread composed of long untwisted filaments wound u on a spool the method of catching and bin ing in the s a -brol en end, which consists in twisting to-- gether the unbroken filaments at the point where the same leave the surface on which they are wound and from which they are being delivered.

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