US875899A - Double-acting gas or vapor engine. - Google Patents

Description

No. 875,899. PTENTED JAN. LS, 0. C. DURYEA. DOUBLE ACTING GAS 0R VAPOR ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 15. 1907.

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No 875,899. PATENTED JAN. '7, 1908. 0. C. DURYEA.

DOUBLE ACTING GAS 0R VAPOR ENGINE.

vAPPLIOATION FILED IEB.15.1907.

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' doubleacting'rear compression engine which V:lio

Specification of yLetters Patent.

y [l OTH() CROMWBLL Dl'lll'l, Ol" LOS NGELES, CALIFORXIA.

Y, l ynoneLn-AcTr-NG GAson VAPOR ENGINE.

l Patented Jan. 7, 1908.

Application illeri Febr-nerf.' 15.1907. Serial No.357586.

' T o ll jwiom it 'ma y concern'.-

Be it known that l, @Trio Cnoiiwnii. `v`1)ifiii'ia`,,a'fcitizeii olthe `L'nited Sta-tes, residing vat "LosAiigeles, in the eountycl Los Angeles `aiid AState of California, have inventednew and u'setful Improvements in Double- Actlilg"Gas or Ya'por Engines, ot which the 'fblliwin' spec-iii lation.

`.invention is applicable in 4various forii'isvofgengines amongwhicli may be men tioned'iee-piston engines, rock-drills, power hainni'ersvand the like. An object. Of lthis invention is to improve engines of this class ii'ith respect toy conven-A ience, lclieapness andcompleteness 0i construction at the saine time preserving the effectiveness and smoothness of operation.

An objectof this invention isto devise a canbefniade to advantage in large quantities yafininimuin number oi' special tools and .WS-3.- y invention 'relates more especially Ito direct ',doubleacting free piston engines in Which'theworking connection with the piston,lifeadismade` through one end of one of the.. explosion chambers. In engines of this kind a serious difficulty to overcomeis the liability of unequal action of the explosive char es in the opposite'explosion chambers. In a crm of thiskind ofengine which l have built I foiindf this Idifficulty .almost 'insure mountable and successful operation of the engine lvery dii'ticu-lt Without the use of a Vily i An objectgof this invention is to entirely ,Obviateall difiiculty of this nature in engines .,l ofgthe kind last referred to.- All suoli diiliculty isl completely.:overcome in this invention in ,fiyfhich the bodylof the engine has reversely 'arranged cavities for reversely arranged duvlplicate...explosion chambers, and also has ways opening from the explosion ends of such cavities, respectively, piston heads connected togetherfand i'noving in said cavities respectively, a piston rod connected with one of said heads and having a portion extending therefrom and litting in and ruiming through one of said ways, and a counterpart of said rod-*portion connected with the other piston head and extending therefrom and iitting and=lrunning in the other way.

Aitherfobject is to construct an engine of thiseclassivhich,can .be most readily started andfviiil'ii'clil will 'be devoid of any external moving parts liable to strike, catch or harm the attendants. This is accomplished by making the engine body open at the rear end and providing detachable handle by which the piston rod of thelc'onstruction above reieri-ed to can be reciprocated from the rear for priming and lor initial explosion.

Another objectis to provide a double actingreai compression engine having improved means for positive operation of any ignitei or other device for causing the explosions to occur appropriately.

A lfurther improvement pertains to equalizing the compression chambers by a new ar. rangement of the riile sleeve relative to such chambers whereby the compression ot the. charges for each explosion chamber will be practically the same as that l'or the other, and ample-room yfor the rifle bar is provided.

A further .object is to provide a better construction and arrangement for the rifle sleeve.` Also to'piovide for keeping the saine and the pistons cool in the best and most economical way.

Another object is to equalizev the cooling of the parts pertaining io both explosion chambers. This is accomplished by providing, at'thc ends ol' the explosion chambers, cooling devices in which those portions ot the piston rod which are subject to the lire of the explosion chambers may be cooled after each explosion. Also by providing a pumping attachment free from but actuated bya sloping portion of the piston.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention Figui-e1 is a plan of a gas-actuated rock drill embodying the invention; the starting handle being shown withdrawn. A portion of the drill body is broken to show a pet cock. Fig. 2 is an axial section. on line XL-X?, Figs. l and 5, the feed screw handle being turned to a position diii'erent from that in Fig. l. Fig. $3 is a fragnieiital. sectional view showing the starting handle in. place ready lor starting the drill into operation. Fig. i is a section on line X" X4, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section on line X-XFigs. 1 and. '2. Fig. G is a li'agnicntal detail illustrating the mechanism for operating the make and break sparkers lor igniting the charges. Fig. T is an enlarged l'ra-gmcntal section on line X`--\Q7 Figs. 1 and 5 and on liiic X-XT Fig. 8, and is a view of the rea-r end ol the engine body, omitting the piston t0 clearly show the ports.

'on the rod dividing one of said cavities into a compression chamber 21 and an explosion chamber 22. -9 is a piston head on the rod divid ng theV other of said cavities into a compression chamber 31 and an explosion chamber 32. 10 and 11 are exhaust ports.

12 and 13 are inlets opening into the compression chambers, 21 and 31 respectively.

14. is a passage in the body leading from one compression chamber 21 to its companion explosion chamber' 22 and 15 is a like passage in the body leading'from the other compression chamber to the other explosion chamber.

The 'piston rod 7 is composed of a power applying portion 71, a counterpart portion 72 andan intermediate portion 73. The portion 71 fits in and runs through the front end way 6. the portion 72 tits the. rear end Way 5, and the portion 73 tits and runs through the intermediate Way 4 which is formed by a. riie sleeve in Which a rifle section 17 of the intermediate portion of the rod tits and moves.

The body 1 ot' the engine is formed of two complementary shells 18, 19 socketed together and having lugs 20 and held-together by bolts 23 passed through said lugs and secured by nuts 24, and has an intermediate wall or partition 25 at the middle Where the two shells abut together, and in which the rifle sleeve 16 is mounted to form the intermediate Way for thepiston rod. The sleeve 16 is practically balanced being mounted `at it-s middle, and projects equally into the comf'- i Y "designates relief cocksfor said duc-ts, and 1() pression chambers 21 and 31'to thereby beI chambered in the engine body free fromaction of explosive charges and at the same time establishing a conformity between the two compression chambers 21, 31, and alloW- ing a rifle bar of ample length and size to be chambered in the engine body to advantage, being cooled by the ini'lowing gases and protected from dirt. The piston heads are cup shaped and at their compression strokes partially chamber their respective ends of the rille sleeve. Said sleeve is desiralfly provided with a stuiting box 26,- at one end through which a smooth cylindrical portion 27 of the piston rbd moves.

The rifle sleeve 16 is fixed against endwise movementand is mounted to rotate in the partition 25. An annular clutch in said partition is arranged touallow rotatlon of the sleevein one direction only, for rotating thel drill in the usual manner. y i" The passages 14, 15 open into'the explotending from the 'piston heads to the explosion chambers respectively in the. form of oblique lsupply ports that are directed tow Ward the portions l71 72 of the rod and toward the explosion ends of said chambers respectively, which chamber ends are ractically conformed to the outer ends o -the piston-heads to allow said heads, with a short l stroke, to produce a high compression of the charges ot explosive gas or va or and to cushion thereon. Theexplosivec arges issuing from the supply ports at'14 and 15 are thereby directed along the portions 71 and 72 of the piston rods Which form deflectors ex- U sion ends of the c ambers, and therefore, in each explosion chamber, portions of each eX- plosive charge are conducted to the explosion end of the chamber While the burned gases escape through the exhaust port 1 or 11 as the case may be said ports being on the side of the deector opposite the supply ports at 14 and 15, respectively, and Aeach o enin somewhat nearer the ex losion end oits c iamber than the supply in et so that the emission of burned gas shall begin before the explosive charge is admitted. 33 are located in the same side of the chambers as the supply ports sol that each explosive charge is directed to drive out all burned gasirom around the sparker.

The outer ends of the pistons 'aretape'sed in ogee form around the portions 471 and 72 so that' when either pist-on passes its supply port to open it, the explosive charge thus admitted is at once giventhe desired direcf tion. The piston-heads are spaced* apart A and between them, in the compression chambers 2 and 3 are devices 34 and 35 which the piston heads actuate to alternately operate the make and break sparkers 30, 33 by 105 vmeans of push rods 36 and 37. Duets are ded openihg Iron] t-he explosion ends of explosion chambers respectively. 39

for their simultaneo s operation.

41 is a socket in t ie rear end of the piston rod to receive the stock 42 of a detachable st-arting handle having a spring released catch 43 to engage a catch forme-d by an an- 115 nular gain 44 in the Wall of the socket 41. The catch 43l is' bent to form a iinger piece or handle 45 extending Valong one armof across head 46 ofthe starting handle. The releasing spring 47 of the. catch normallyretracts 120 the catch into the stock `12 and thusleaves said stock normally free from the piston rod and rea-d37 to be inserted or withdrawn at pleasure.

The rear counterpart portion or extension 1,25 72 of lhepiston rod is of a. length practicallv corresponding to that ol' the rear way so that it does not protrude from the en ine bod \v at any portion o1' its stroke.

4S is a wsolene receptacle 'and vaporizcr 130 is a handle connectzd with bot-h said cocks '90 The sparkers 30 and erases pistonrod, including those that are subjected tofthe ire ol the/explosiony chambers. A

considera,ble amount ot' the unoonverted heat;

of the-explosions may thusfbe removed from the piston rod and pistons. Other portions of such heatare removed by the usual Water jackets 5l `aroundI theexplosion chambers. designates the Waterpipes communicating with and between such jackets.

53 is-the b ed and54 the screv for movingA the body 1 thereon in the usual Way for drillmg.

It is to be understood that this invention may be embodied in various forms 'and l do not propose to limit the construction to the particular form shown but may vary the same without departing from this invention.

' 55 designates drain cocks connected with the rear compression chambers, 'for draining oil therefrom.

56. designates packing rings .on the rod to prevent leakage and 57 is a stuffing box screwed on one end of the body i to wipethe piston rod and exclude dirt from the Viront Way `6. 5S is a Afinishing tip screwed in like manner on the rear end of the body.

59 designates brackets to support the vaporiZer 48.

The main bodyr of the partitionl is a hollen annular member having an intermediate flange 61.to lit a gain in the abutting end of one shell. The shells are turned to tit together and are held againstI relative rotation by a dovvel pin 62.

The rifle sleeve i6 has a hub formed of a flange 63 against which screwed a collar l. The hub rotates `in the clutch. and partition, being chambered in and abutting` against the partition member 25. A plate 65 is mrcwed into said member 25 against shoulder 55 therein and holds the sleeve 16 and the mem'- bers'ot' the clutch in place.

The tWo shells 1S' and 1Q are practically duplicates of each other and may be cast from' the same patterns by appropriately changing the' cores and prints iroin the inlet and exhaust ports and the vaporizer bracket from their positions appropriate 'for` castingl one shell, to complementary positions for casting the other shell. Also in the con'- struction for the drill a print and core for the feed screw lug 60 will be applied in the pattern for casting the rearl shell. Both shells may be iinished bly the same and tools.

In practice the starting handle is normally detached 'from the engine, and when the attendant desires to start the engine into operation he may open relief cock 39, grasp the cross head of the starting handle with com hands and insert the stock through the rear Way 5 into thesocket 4]., then by gripping the ringer piece or catch handle 45 against. the cross head he will throw'thecatch into the gain 44 and b f means ofthe starting handle. I he will give aew reciprocations te the iiston rod and its heads to draw inexplosivec isrges and at the same time actuate the-sparkers. As soon as the explosion chambersy are charged explosions will occur, blowing out through the relief cocks, whereupon. the 0pcrater Will close the same by means ofthe n cock handle 40 and then by a furtl'icr movement ol the piston rod will again canse one of the sparkers to act to ignite an explosive charge thus starting the engine into operation. At the same instant he will release his grip on the linger piece 45, and thereupon the spring 47 will retractthe catch and at once release the starting handle from the iston rod thus allowing the piston to run ree and the operator to withdraw the Ystarting handle.

The cylindrical form o'l the stock 42 and the seat therefor termed of the socket 4l andA annular gain 44 allows the piston rod to ro- -tate without turning the detachable starting handle in the hands of the attendant, and wlienever the iinger piece 45 is released, the starting ha die is instantly detached from the piston rod.

,lilach piston head'is so :'irranged with rela- 'tion to the inlet, exhaust and supply ports for its compression and explosion chambers and the device for operating the igniter in its explosion chamber, that atrthe close of its compressing stroke, after having closed the inlet to its compression chamber, it will actuate the device for operating the igniter of its explosion chamber.

The Vfurther operation ot the engine will be lunderstood from the foregoing description,

reference being had to the drawings. The relief cock ducts 38 are small so as not to destroy the practical conformity oll the pistons to the explosion chambers and each is desirahly located at the extension of the cylindrical )ortion of its explosion chambers; thus allowing a full reciprocation of the pistons for priming. When the relief' cocks are closed and the engine is in. operation the explosive charges in the explosion chambers cushion the pistons so that the engine, its piston rod with its pistons is seltbalanccd, and high compression of the explosive charges may be effected in the explosion chambers.

67 designates a pump connected with the passage of the'water jackets 49, 50 and 51. 68 is a bell crank pivoted at 59 to the body of the engine. 70 is a roller engaging a sloping portion 74 ofthe piston rod-and 75 is a roller for actuating the spring returned piston 76 of the pump 67. By this means water may be pumped through the pipe 52 and circulated through the water jacket. T herollersandbell crank arefree from the piston rod, and the pumppiston Operates respon- ,sively to bot-h the longend short strokes of -the piston'rod which may occur during the operation of the engine.

hat I claim is 1.- In a double acting gas complementary shells socketed together, piston heads and a ried pistonrod in said sliells, a clutchfastened to one of said shells and a rifle. sleeve for `the piston rod rotatably mounted inl the clutch and projecting into the cavities of both shells. y

2. A double acting rear compression gas or vapor engine having a rifle bar and sleeve located between and extending into its rear compression chambers.

or vapor engine,

3. In .n double acting. rear compression.-

gas' or vapor engine the combination with the engine body of an annular clutch in the partition between the rear compression chambers, a rifle sleeve having a hub rotating in said partition a-nd clutch, astuffing In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set e my hand at Clii co,'Calif.-, this 4th day of February, 1907.

OTHO CROMWELL` DURYEA.

In the presence 01'- H. L. WEED, l INGLES M.U1 1?ERF.S.

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