US874398A

US874398A - Bladed turbine element.

Info

Publication number: US874398A
Application number: US385056A
Authority: US
Inventors: Sebastian Ziani De Ferranti
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1904-05-14
Filing date: 1907-07-22
Publication date: 1907-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 1924-12-24

Description

No. 874,398. PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907.

. s. 2.1m PERRANTI.

BLADED TURBINE ELEMENT. APPLIOATIOH FILED JULY 22. 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 874,398. PATENTED DEC. 24, 1907 v S. Z. DE FERRANTI. BLADED TURBINE ELEMENT.

APPLICATION IILED JULY 22. 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

InvenZEI, 70f Jam w A. $15, m

- 4O I occurs in both faces to be u e ded and passing.

. stead, London,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE FERRANTI, OF GEINDLFFORD BRIDGE, SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND.

BLADED TURBINE ELEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 24, 1907.

Original application filed May 14:, 190$. Serial No. 208,034. Divided and this application filed July 22. 1907- Serial No. 385,066-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SEBASTIAN ZIANI DE v FERRANTI, a subject of the King of Great i Britain and Ireland, residing at Grindleford Bridge, Sheffield, in the county of York, England, (late of 31 'Lyndhurst road, Hamp- N. VV., England,) have invented a certain new and'useful Bladed Turbine Element, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the bladed ele ments of turbines and has for its object the provision of a bladed turbine element of exceedingly simple CODSllI'llCtlOIl as'regards the attachment of the blades so that calking strips, lacing or wiring and other complex means employed for fixing the blades may be dispensed with.

A turbineelement with the blades welded thereon has hitherto been a desideratuin since such a bladed turbine element approaches closely to the ideal form shaped from -a solid mass'oi metal. Diiiiculties,

' howevery-exist in the production of such a grooves are adopted; Fig.

bladed turbine element partly on account of the blades and their carrying elements differing largely as regards their power of conducting heat away from the. welding pointand partly on account of the close juxtaposition of the blades. Thus it is found "that. the comparatively large volume of metal forming the carrier rapidly conducts heat away from the welding point and prevents the temperature of the-carrier risin to the required extent.- I overcome all t ese dillicuhies, however, by a process described in my pat ent application, Serial No. 208034, which consists broadly in adjusting the volume of the metal in the neighborhood of the elding point so that approximatel equal heating electric current through the welding point.

I believe that 1am the first to produce a turbine element with the blades directly welded thereto andsuch a bladed. turbine element forms the subjectmatter of the present invention.-

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a part side elevation oi a turbine wheel havin cross grooves, Fig. 1' being an edge view; 7 of a modification in which sets of intersecting 3 shows an edge viewoi aformhavingcircumferentialgrooves, I

tional plan of a modified scale; Fig. tion of a wheel built up oftwo comparatively thick disks having notched edges.

projections g. 2 shows a similar edge view 5 Fig. 3" being a section on the line A A of Fig. Fig. 4 shows, in longitudinal sectional edge views of modifications in which holes are bored radially into the edge of the disk, while Fig. 7 is a art side elevation in which holes are bored t ough from face to face of the disk. Fi 8 shows a sectional plan of a form of whee built up of two dished disks, held apart at their circumferential portions by distance pieces, Fig. 8* being a scrap edge view to a larger scale; Fi 9 is a similar seciorin of wheel built up of three disks, while Fig, 9 is a corresponding scrap edge view also to a larger 10 shows a part sectional eleva- Fig. 10 being a scrap edge view, while Fi 11 shows an edge view of a form of wheel buil t up of a series of stepped laminae.

(It will be seen that all the edge views in the preceding figures are shown as developments for clearness-ot drawing and notas true projections).

In carrying out the invention according to the fOIl'll shown in F igsf l and '1, the turbine wheel or disk is shown at a, cross grooves, Z,

I being cut in its'circumferential edge so as to leave projecting portions of metal, 0, to which the turbine blades, d, are welded. The same objectis attained by cutting two intersecting sets of grooves, e, in the edge of the disk, as is shown in Fig. 2,. or by cutting circumferential grooves, such as f, completely round the edge (see Figs. 3 and 3).

ig. 4 shows theinvention accordin to one form applied to the case'oia drum blade carrier, a; the drum is grooved circumferentiall Y with grooves, J, the intervening collars o inctal being thencross-cut to form projecting teeth, c on which the blades'are welded.

According to a modified form, radial holes, k, may be bored a short distance into the edge of the disk, these holes being eitherarranged in patterns so as to leave ntervening of untouched metal to which the lades may be welded as shown in Fig. 5, or arranged without particular reference to the position of the blades, (see Fig. 6).

In Fig. 7, a method is shown of removing s tion' to the two dished disks, L; a portion/n,

the welded joint.

wheel is shown somewhat diagrammatically cumferential portions by one or more distance ,W h'at" less than the maximum-radius of the on t eiroutside edges.

metal in the neighborhood of the welding point by boring'holes, '8, through (or partly through) from face to face of the disk at a l raidius slightly less than that of its outside e e. a

lhe object to be kept in mind in this as in l other modifications, is to remove suilicient metal to enable the't'em erature to rise to the welding point as exp ained above, while at the same time leaving suliiceint areas untouched toinsure the mechanical strength in Referring now to Figs. 8 and 8*, a form of which is built up of two dished disks, in, of comparatively thin metal, held apart at their cir.

pieces, such as disposed at a radius somedis s, the blades, d, being welded in position Figs..9 land 9 show a type of wheel generally similar to that-last described but hav- 1 ing an intermediate plane disk, 1%, in addiof the hub, 0, is in this case made detachable so as to allowthe different parts of the wheel to be assembled. Distance pieces, 1, are in- ,relative position maybe adopted.

In Figs. 8"and 9, ;t'he dished disks, it, are indicated as secured was hubs, 0, by press- -l ing the inner ed es of these disks into grooves hold the disks in place.

10, two dished disks,k,-"are again employed Q 'i'butof thicker'inetal,. their circumferential portions being brought into contact and as at s, the laminae beingassem bled in such a way that the notches, s, are stepped w th regard to each other, so that the lntorvomng dicated asbefore. butany other convenient method 'of-holdingthe, disks in their correct and subsequent y' 'burring over the hubs to In the modification shown in Figs. 10 and Again,

may ebuilt up of a set of thin laminae, 1, (see Fig. 11), the edges of which are notched projections of metalmay follow the shape of the turbine blades to be welded to them.

Instead of :notching the laminae, they i may be "repared in accordance with other of the met ods pointed out above, before being assembled the manner indicated.

In thisinvention, it is not practicable to ,describe every method of carrying its broad V 111 combination a blade carryln element havunderlying princi' 1e into effect, but the scope 1S suflicienty indicated by the nany examples given above and moreover it Wll be evident without further descri tion, how the invention ma be applied to t we welding to ether of tnrblne blades and carriers oi oi; or forms; than those described above by way of example.

; said blades being transmitted to l disposed aggregation of stresses on said blades'being transmitted to said carrier through said welds.

4. A turbine blade carrier having blades attached thereto by welds, certain bending stresses due to impact of fluid on said blades being transmitted to said carrier through said welds. i

5.- ,A turbine rotor having blades attached thereto by Welds, certain working stresses on said rotor through said welds.

6. A turbine blade carrier having blades attached thereto by welds and recesses in the carrier in the neighborhood of said welds.

7. A bladed turbine element, comprising in combination a blade carrying element, the

volume of the peripheral portion of which in the neighborhood of thepoint of attachment of the blades has been so adjusted as to retard flow of heat away fromsai'd point ofattachment together with blades welded to said carryingelement.

8. A bladed turbine element comprising in combination ablade carrying element from the peripheral portion of which metal has been removed in the neighborhood of the point of attachment of the'hlades so 'as to re tard flow of heat away from said oint of attachm'ent together with blades we ded to said carryin element.

9. A laded turbine element'comprising in combination a blade carrying element having depressed portions on its peripheral area with intervening portions raised relatively to said depressed portions and bladeswelded to said relatively raised portions. v

1-0. A bladed turbine element comprising in combination a'body portion, blade carry-- ing members proper attached to said body portion by one face and having blades weld ed to an opposite face together with spaces intervening between said blade carrying members proper. V

11. As a new article of manufacture, a bladed turbine element having a plurality of spaced blades attached to the periphery of i said carrier by directbutt welds.

12. A bladed turbine elementcomprising ing a circularly disposed agg egation of de- I pressed portions alternating with relatively raised portions and blades welded to said relatively raised 'portions.

13. A bladed turbine element comprising in combinationa body portion; a circnlarlr lad'e carrying men 1 bers proper attached to said body ortion by I ment having a peripheral portion, a lurality one face and having blades welded to an op l of raised portions regularly spaced a ong said {zosite face together with spaces intervening l peripheral portion and blades Welded to said etween said blade carrying members proper. raised portions.

14'. A bladed turbine element comprising In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature in comblin'atlion a blade carrying element lhaiv in presence of two witnesses. ing a p ura ity 0 raise ortions regu ar y l Spaced along Said carrysng e1 ement and i smnsrux ZIAM m. mam. blades weldedto said raised portions. Wl'itnesses:

15. A bladed turbine element comprising i ALBERT E. PARKER, in combination a circular blade carrying ele- HENRY ILGRUNING.