US873951A

US873951A - Separator for lump material.

Info

Publication number: US873951A
Application number: US12761502A
Authority: US
Inventors: Arthur Langerfeld
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1902-10-17
Filing date: 1902-10-17
Publication date: 1907-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 1924-12-17

Description

PATBNTED DEG. 17, 1907.

A. LANGERFELD. SEPARATOR FOR LUMP MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED 0GT.17, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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A. LANGERPELD.

SEPARATOR FOR LUMP MATERIAL. APPLIOATION FILED 00117. 1902.

4 SHEETS- SHEET a,

mi l I i wihwono No 873,951. PATENTED DEC.17, 1907, A. LANGERFELD.

SEPARATOR POR LUMP MATERIAL. APPLIOATIoN FILED ooml?, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

. Aa citizen ofthe United,States,- residing at Scranton in' the countyl-nofLaekawannaand JState of Fennsflvania,

I To nfl 'whom it may PATENT oEEIcE.

*,UNiTED s'rATEs AMEURLANGERFEL oF soRAN'roN, PENNSYLVANIA. l

' Be it' kno-wn that 1, AnmenLmeanreLn,

ve invented certain new and useu VImprovements in Separatore vdiffer Lump Material, of which the following is a s cification .1y invention relates to improvements in srpar'atingl machines by which pieces that are. a e are separated Afrom'a mixture or mass of lum or pieces of various sizes, shapes, and kin .of materials.

l Mysepara'tor is especially intended for arating valuable Vmaterials from the so-calledv culm, slate, or rock that is now, and has here'` tofore been thrown away at anthracite col- .'.lieries as worthless refuse, although it contains a considerable percentI e o pieces of coal and pieces of s laty coa] ca ed bone, all of which pieces were not picked out or separated., because itl would have been too expensive to i. completel pick. them out by hand, and they could note completely separazed bythe jigs and other imperfect separa'iors' heretofore used. Besides the slate, rock, bone and coal that is thrown on the' culm dumps at the collieries many other things are thrown onto these dumps, such as chips of wood, bark, old iron, rags, waste, rubber, leather and ashes; and when such culm is shoveled'up to be repicked or separated, then pebbles, sandstones and clay from the ground on 4which the dump rests also get mixed-with. the culm.

The objects of my invention are to provide means for se arating pieces of coal and good bone from al the other kinds of pieces, and to wash the coal clean and free from dirt and small bits, and also to separate the bony coal and the valuable old iron, and do all this in a continuous manner automatically and eco--A nominally without relying on the attention of an o erator, and without reviously screen--A ing t e material so care y thatv all are of one size; and without previously takingout flat pieces. I attain these obJects by the means andmechanisrn illustrated in the aecompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan view from above of a complete separator with some of the upper parts partly cut away to show some of the underlying parts ;:Fig. 2 isa vertical sectional view taken on the line A-Aof Fig. 1, looking towards B1, with some of the rear parts omitted Fig. 3 is a plan view of the chute -Y and one part of the roller X1, drawn to a sumaron :son Lm nu'rau'r..

' Lemar-leent. mf r17,1907.

pliant-n.4 ouate 1v, 1am. srie la. 127,615.

larger scale than Fig. 1 '4 is a cross section Vof the chute Y on the lme-y-y7, of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a cross section 'of the chute Y on the line y-.-y' of Fig.1 3; Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line B-B of Fig. 1, looking towards,.A, with some parts line E--E of Figgll; Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional 'View takenon the line F-F of Fig. 1, looking towards B and showing only the parts in and above the channel D; Fig. 14 is a plan view of the tank part of aseparator with one main channel D, and. two return channels D2, and showing a part of only the one feeder X x1, like the one shown in section in Fig. 13;-Fig. 15 is a plan. view of the tank part of a separator showing a channel grad-- ually changing in width. This iigure is drawn to a smaller scale thanFig.. 1; Fig. 16 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line H-H of Fig. 17, looking towards g; Fig. 17

is a plan view of an oblong tank with elevators arranged in the middle of the tank, and showing a `waterwheel ,G. Some of the u per parts are omitted and some 'are part y cut away in this View; and it is drawn to the same-scale as Fig. 15; Fig. 18 is a-vertical section of the =teni part of a se arator having the return channel D* under t e main channel D. This figure is drawn to the same scale as Fig. l5 Fig. 19 is a plan View of the channel part of a separator with some of the upper parts partly out away, and lwith the elevators arranged alongside of the channel; Fig. 20 is a vertical sectional view taken on vthe line K-K of Fig. 19;-Fig. 21 is a plan view of a twisted V shaped chute and projector drawnto'. the same scale as Fig. 11; Fig. 22 isa side view of Fig. 21 Fig. 23 is a cross section. of Fig..21 on` the line 2"-1b Fig. 24 is a cross-section of Fig. 21 on the line Z9-3% Fig. 25 is a cross section of Fig. 21 on the line 21-30; Fig. 26 is a cross section of Fig. 21 on the line 1"-31.-

The machine shown in Fig. 1 is a coinplete separator for fully separating anthracite culin. The main body is a tank C C with a main lpartition d through the middle. This partition commences and ends a short dis,- tance from the walls of the tank, leaving the spaces f and g at its ends. There'are also twoside partitions d1, d2, arallel to d which together therewith forni t e channels D and D1; At each end of each one of the parti tionscZl-and d these partitions are extended around the ends of the partition d ,by the curved partsf1 and g1 which connect the ends of the partitions fdl and dz, thus also connecting the channels Dvand D1 at each end. All these partitions run frointhe bottom of the channels to the top of the tank in height, asl shown in Fig. 6. Y

The tank is filled with a liquid, usually water, by the suppl pipe o.V The float o?" will keep the tank fu l by o ening and closing the valve O. At the hea of the channel l) there is a propeller J designed to set the liquid in motion so that it will How from tlie propeller J through the channel D, around throu h g, throughl)l and f, vback to J. The shaft which carries the propeller J runs in suitable bearings k1, k2, and is provided with meansfor driving it, illustrated by the pulley ca. Any other suitable 'means for cause ing the liquid to flow may be used, as for instance the paddle wheel G over the partition Gr1 shown in Figs. 16 and 17.

A short distance from the discharging 'side j of the propeller J there is a screen M designed to distribute the pressure and flow of the liquid uniformly; and a short distance from this screen is the device M1 for further equalizing the flow, and for directing the current horizontally and in the direction of the channel D, so that the current in the channel D will be free from eddies. -This device as here shown consists of a number of parallel slats arran ed in the two sets, of which the first set m ies horizontally, and the'second set lm1 stands vertically edgewise.

Above the device'M1 is a feeding device N designed for feeding the pieces of materials that are to be separated into the flowing liquid at the head of the channel D a short distance beyond the device M1 where the `flow of the liquid is uniform and steady. This feeding device consists of: the receivingupocket P,

the outlet p in the lower art of t s pocket, the gate p1 for adjusting t e size of the outlet the chute n2 ruiming down from the outlet p, the feed roller n protu'berating at the lower end of the chute n2, and the revolving strickler nl above the feed roller a. The feed* roller n and revolving strickler nl, are driven by suitable means, such as the sprocket .wheel or ulley ks, so that .the roller will turn away lrom the chute n2 -on its upper side, and the strickler will turn towards this chute on its under side. The roller and .strickler therefore turn in the same direction.

The lump material that is'to be separated sha e tially is dumped into the is opened far enoug plocket P, and the ate pif A not to become c ogged and to let out only as much material as the t separator is designed to separatefrproperly, t The. material passes down'in the chute' n* or its own. gravitation and vis carriedlforward and around by theY traveling` surfaeeof the feedroller n. The striclrler'n,1 isset at sucha'gs distance .over the roller that it will push back off. the rollerio'nto the chute a2 all but a 'single 1. piece layer of pieces of materials, 'piecevvill come into contact with the oles of l magnetslrthat are embedded in the odv of so that each the roller fn, and so placed that the poles are liislifvvith the surface of the roller.

Pieces of iron will be lield to the surface of the roller by the magnets until they reach the strippersl which rests lightly against the backl of the roller, and all the pieces of iron will here be stripped oil` the roller and dropped into the flowing liquid below. The material is therefore artly. separated by this feed roller and will drop from it at different distances from the head of the channel D into the flowing lil uid.

At some t istance from the feeder N, -downstream in the channel D is a traveling band or elevator T arranged to dip into the flowing liquid dee enough to lift out floating ieces of materia s, such asiwood and bark.

.hese materials dro from the head ofthe elevator T into a discharge chute or conve er t. This elevator as here illustrated is driven by the belt k6.

In the bottom of the channel D are short separating partitions U, V', and W. The

ieces of various materials that drop from the eed roller fn, and do not float will be carried'by the current of the liquid to various distances before they have sunk to the -tops of the partitions U, V and W. v These distances depend on the rapidity with which each piece sinks, and this rapidity depends on t gravity, the size, and the shape of each piece. A complete separation according to kind, quality or specific gravity alone does therefore not take place here. Thus a thin, flat piece of slate whose specific gravity is' twice that of coal will nevertheless sink no quicker than a thick lump of coal whose length and width are the same as that of a thin piece ofA slate; and a small lumpof bone will sink at vthe same rate as a larger lump of coal, al-

though the bone is s eciiically heavier than the coal and all sma lpieceswill sink slower than larger pieces of the same kind and Equally large pieces having substangravity will be carried to distances in inverse proportion to their speciiic gravities, and

v will therefore be se arated according to kind by the partitions V, W. Sol the lightest pieces will be carried the furthest in all cases, no matter whether the lightness is because a piece is thin, or small, or specifically light.

the saine shape but differing in specific e speciiic l iso As pieces of iron are drop ed nearer the head of the channel D than t 1e other pieces they enter the current further upstream than all the other pieces, and as they also sink qluicker than all the others. on account of t ieir much greater specific gravity, they will all sink near the partition U, as indicated by the heavy lines of arrows 1 and 2. Thick pieces of iron will sink the quickest and will not get washed over the partitions U, as indicated by the line 1, but very rusty and thin pieces will becarried a`little further than thick ones and the most worthless pieces will therefore be washed over the partition U, as indicatedby the line 2. A

Pieces of sulfur which are carried partway under the feed roller ln, will sink between the

lines

2 and 3 if they are large lumps, but small lumps and thin pieces will be carried further by the wash of the current. The )ieces which drop off the feed roller at 'a will be dispersed as indicated by the lines 3 to 7. The largest and s eciiically heaviest lumps of stone, slate, andp sulury bone will therefore follow line 3 and sink between the partitions U and V. Thin pieces of slate, fiat pieces of bone, and large lumps of coal will iollow

lines

4 and 5 and sink between the partitions V and W. Dirt will be carried the furthest as indicated by lines 7; and small bits of coal etc. will be washed over the partition W as indicated by the line 6. y

The partitions U, V, W, are made adjustable so that their up er edges can be set nearer to or further om the head of the channel D to bring about the desired se aration. As shown these partitions are hinged at their lower edges l so that they can be swung back and'forth by the levers 7L, and they are held in place by these levers and the pegs h1 stuck into the holes in the artition d.

Between the partitions U and the bottom of the channel D slopes and forms a chute c leading to an elevator boot v1 as shown in Fig. 6; and an elevator v1 is arranged to lift material out of thel boot v1 and drop it into the chute 'v3 by which it is convveyed over the liquid and discharged.

The bottom of the channel D between the partitions U and the device M1 slopes and forms a chute u leading to an elevator bo'ot similar to v1, and an elevator` u2 is arranged to lift material out of this boot and drop it into the discharge chute u1.

The bottom of the channel D between the partitions V and W slants and forms a chute w leading to an elevator bootv similar to c1, and an elevator w11 is arranged to lift material out of this boot and discharge it into the transfer chute w1. The elevators'w2 etc. are drivenb suitable means, such as the pulley and sha t k1. The bottom of the art g of the channel beyond the partition slants and formsv a chute u1 leading down-to the bottom of the channel D1.

means, as illustrated by the shaft, pulleys, f

and'belts c, r. The chute w1 is arranged to receive the materials from the roller X and shoot the pieces into the liquid against the current in the channel D1. By shooting these various pieces against the current instead oi drop ing them into it as was done in the channel D), a wider dispersion and diflcr ent separation is obtained, by which this mixture is further separated. The largest and heaviest pieces will have the greatest momentum and 'will therefore shoot l'urther against the stream than the smaller and lighter pieces.' A more com lete separation by size will therefore take p ace here. Flat pieces will tend to separatev from lumps of the same length and width, because they enter the current'edgewise and will scale against it further than lumps. The largest and heaviest flat pieces which are 'slate will therefore scale the furthest against the current and sink on the line 9, as illustrated in Fig. 13, before being washed back over the partition U1. The largest lumps ol coal will sink on the line 10 and strike bottom between the partitions U1 and V1; and all the' smallest pieces will be carried back the furthest by the current, as indicated bythe lines 11 and 12, and sink beyond the partition V1. At the head of the channel'D1 is a screen M2 similar to the screen M1, and designed to. distribute the iiow of the liquid,y equally into the channel D1 and counteract the disturbance caused in the current by its turning around in The partitions U1, V1, are made adjustable similarly as U and V.

. YThe bottom of the channel D1 before the partition U1 slants so as to form a continua' tion of thechute u* leading to an elevator boot similar to the one v5, shown in Fig. 6,; and an elevator u is arranged to lift the maferial out of this boot and drop it into the discharge chute u1. The bottom of the channel D1 between the partitions U1 and V1 slopes and forms a chute c* leading to the elevator boot c5, and the,elevator c takes up the material out of this boot and. drops it into the chute c7. The bottom oi the channel D1 beyond the partition V1 slopes and forms a chute w1 leading to an elevator boot similar to 'v5 from which the elevator w takes the material and drops it into the chute w7. The elevators u, c, and w", Aas shown in Fig. 1 are all driven by one shaft which is driven by the belt and pulley Z111.

At the lower end' of the chut-e c1 a feed roller X1 protuberates enough to stop the pieces of material and feed them regularly.

. This roller is driven by the pulley and shaft k1. There are annular ribs :v1 with slanting sides on this roller, and the annularchannels x2 are formed by these .sides ofthe ribs and vby the' intervening parts of the-surface of the vthis chute and guide these' piecesinto the channels m1'. These breakers prevent two or more pieces from arching against the ribs m3 and thus get carried over theroller together.

Below tl1e1roller`X1 are twisted slldes or chutes Y, Y1, etc., each commencing in line with one of the channels m1, and constructed inthe following manner: At the upper end each chute has a declivous bett`o1n`y1,I and sides y and 'y2 whose upper ends correspond with the sides ofthe respective channel x2 in the feed roller, -thus forming a channel, or chute, in line with the channel in the roller, as illustrated on a large scale in Fig; 3. The bottom 'y1 is twisted so that it will be vertical further down, `as shown at i/5. The side 1/2 is also twisted so` that at lg5-.its lay. will be the same as that of y1 at theto Below y the twist in Iy2 is continued luni o'rmly so that at y the surface of ty2 is vertical. The side y 1sv also twisted in a similar' manner but ends at y1. At y7 another surface, ya, begins. Itis as wide as y1 and twisted in'thesame manner. The edges of g3, y1, and 1 are joined together so that these surfaces form a channel, as shown in the cross section Fig. 4. Further down at 1/9 only the two surfaces 'y1 and 1/3 form the chute, as shown by the cross section Fig. 5 taken on the line 'ys-Jy?" Most of the pieces of materials in culrn have four sides, or two sides and two edges, and I therefore make the slides Y, Y1`etc. in four arts, y1, y2, g3 and y1 to correspond to the our sides of such pieces. The object of the twists in these chutes is to turn pieces over sidewise without interrupting their motion along the chutes,.so that the friction of four sides of each piece will come into play and contribute equally to the retardation of the pieces, caused by their friction on the surfaces ofthese chutes. The manner inwhich four sided lumps turn over sidewise is illustrated by the composite piece shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and also in Figs. 23 to 26. Substantially round lumps will tumble vbut the twists will throw them sidewise and alter j their rolling and cause about as' much all around friction as a sliding vpiece gets:y

I refer to make the surfaces of y1, y2, etc. longitudinally corrugated as shown in Fig. 7, and as is further illustrated on-a larger scale in the cross sections Figs. 8, -9, and 10. The purpose of these corrugations is to kee flat pieces from slipping sidewise on their lbwer edges across the twisted surfaces when they are in the osition shown in Fig. 9.

At c1 I s low the vertical side of the slide continued twisted from c to c1. This'is to surely overturn flat pieces, as is fully illustrated in the cross section shown on a-larger scale in Fig. 9. The ilat piece shown in Figs. 8, 9, and 10 slides on the surface A1a abovec; at c it is sliding on one edge on the surface 211; at c1 the 4surface 1a pushes it over far enough to overbalance it, and the corrugations on the surface 2a prevent its under edge from slipping across the surface 2, which would brmg its black side downen the surface 2a .the same as itwas on the surface 1a above c.

The upper ends of the chutes Y, Y1, etc. are supported by a carrier b to which the chutes are rigidly fastened; and this carrier is supported by armsv b1 whose up er ends are 'ournaled concentrically with t e roller X1.

llhe lower ends of `these chutes are ad'ujstably Y supported in a'suitable manner, suc as ,the bar or beam b3 whose ends are adjustably clamped by the nuts af* in an arcuate slotl, concentric with the roller X1, s o that the pitch or slope of these chutes can be adjusted by swinving them up or down a little way around the roller X1 and clamping the carrier b3 whereit is wanted.

Beyond *the end of the projectors ys I place a pair of separating partitions e1 and 21. The first artition 21 is placed a short distance from t e end of the projectors, leaving a space or pocket Z between the ends of these projectors and the partition 21. The partition z2 is placed a short distance from the partition 21 leaving the space or ocket `Z1 between them, and beyond the partition z2 is a pocket Z2. The artitions 21 and z2 are made adjustable so t at their upper edges can be set nearer to or further from the ends of thev projectors y1. As shown in Fig. 6 these partitions are made adjustable by being hinged at their lower edges and held in position by clamp screws a1, a2, on studs passing through arcuate slots a, a3, respectively, in boards or plates at the ends of the partitions, but any other suitable means for adjusting these partitions can be used here.

Each piece of material will flyfrom the end offthe .projector y8 to a distance substantially proportional to the speed it has acquired in the chute Y, Y1, etc., respectively. Stones and pieces of slate slide the slowest, because they are heaviestand because their surfaces.

cause the greatest friction; they will therefore fly the shortest distance, and the partition .e1 is set Where no stones or slate will fly over it. Smooth and regularly shaped pieces Aof coal will slide the qulckest, because they to the layers.

with annular ribs the same as the feed roller X1; and on the lower part of the chute W1 are stream breakers the same as on the chute '07. Adjacent to the feed roller X1 I place a twisted declivous frictional differentiating chute like Y* in line with each channel in the roller These chutes may be constructed the same as the one Y, but made longer, or they may be provided with straight sections inserted betwcenthe twists as illustrated by y, '1J/12, y1 in Fig. 6, and further shown on a .larger scale in Figs. 11 and 12.

There is some advantage in inserting straight V shaped chute sections 21, Fig. 22, instead ofthe straight three sided channel sections y1, @/11, etc. shown in the secondary frictional dill'ercntiating chutes Y?, because in these V` shaped sections the pieces slide on two sides simultaneously as illustrated in Figs. 5, 10, 23 and 2G. When such straight V shaped sections are inserted the channels xr in the feed roller and the first section of the slide should be V shaped, as illustrated in Fig. 21. v j

Composite pieces of anthracite nearly always consist of' parallel layers of various grades of coal, bone, and slate, and such pieces nearly all have two flat sides parallel On their other sides, commonly called the edges, all the layers are eX- posed, so that the surfaces of these vedges are all alike in kind. For these reasons such pieces can be properly separated by sliding them on onl their two flat sides and twice on their sai edges.4 It is suflcient to turn such pieces over sidewise only once in V shaped chutes as fully illustrated in Figs. 23 to 26, because then the friction of the two flat sides each comes into play once, and the friction of the edge twice on the long straight sections of the slide.`- The advantages of this are that the slide is shorter and simpler, and that the projector y1, y, is also V shaped in section, which causes the pieces to surely fly straight out from the end of the projector, while on a flat curved projector, y11,'the pieces coming from a twisted slide are apt to ily a little obliquely. I run all the twists a little obliqu'ely as at 2, Fig. 21, because then flat pieces will more certainly slide against the 2C 2d sidethat turns them over'the saine as the side 1IL in Fig. 9.

In the )osition shown in Fig. 6 the chutes Y1 pass ack under the roller X2, because that arrangement economi'zes room, but

thse chutes may also be placed in f'th'e' same pvosltlon as Y, Y1, etc. As shown the chutes' 1 are each provided with a curved chute y coming from the channels in the roller 2 and guide them into the chutes Y. At the lower end of each one of the chutes Y4 is a rounding projector y1 similar to ,the projector y, but preferably made in two sections, as shown, so that it can be so set that its end will point slanting well upward, as much as 45 up from horizontal, 1f desired because pieces projected at that angle will fly farther apart than at any other angle. It is sufficient to make only the seconder end section ym, Fig. 12, (and y17,`Fig. 22) adjustable and make the first section 1/1, Fig. 12 (and y, Fig. 22) a fixed part of the chute as shown. In these figures a clamp screw a is shown, by which the adjustable section y15 is held in position. I prefer to make the two sections of this curved projector not quite concentric, yas shown, so that there will not be much of a step at the end of the section i/1, but when they are made of thin sheets they may as well be made concentric. Adjacent to the end of the projector @/15 I place 2 pairs of separating partitions 23, z, and z5, a, with spaces or pockets Z4 and Z between each air, respectively, and with a pocket Z5 etween these pairs of partitions; and I also leave a space or pocket Z3 between the end of the projector y and the partition z3. Beyond the artition 2 I place a pocket Z7.

Tlie partitions z3 to z are made adjustable in a similar manner as the partitions e1, z. ,The partition 23 is placed where all pieces of bone and coal will fly over it;lthen all the pieces that fall into the pocket Z3 are worthless. The partition e* is laced where no pieces of slate or worthless one will fly pocket Z4 will be slatevand bone mixed. The partition .e5 is placed where all the pieces of coal will fly over it. Then only ieces of bone will fall into the pocket Z5. he partition z". is placed where only pieces of coal will fly over it; then the pieces that fall into the pocket Z will he coal and bone mixed.

From the pockets Z4 and Ze chutes w9 and w11, an an elevator w12 runs from this boot up to an extension of the feed chute W1, so that the materials thus elevated will again be conveyed tothe roller X and fed to the frictional separating chutes Y, ete. Thus the mixtures from the pockets Z1 and Z are reseparated by'the same means, but they will not all fly the same each time, partly because most of them are odd shaped pieces 'which seldom slide twice exactly alike, and vpartly because the wide dispersion by means of the high projection emp asizes their frictional differentiation so mu'ch that they seldom fiy twice alike. All these pieces will at their heads arranged to deflect thel iece'ail w10, res ectively, lead to an elevator boot.

good

over it. Then the pieces falling into the i therefore soon become distributed in the -inal pockets where they most nearly belong. The' operation of the separator in separating anthracite culm is as follows: he culm is first screened so that it contains no iecesflarger than the maximum sized pieces or which the separator is designed; but it is not necessary to screen out small pieces or speed of the feed roller n.

flat pieces.

ut mto the pocket'P. The feed is reguated partlyO by the gate p, partl by the speed of the strickler nl, and part y by the Rain Water 1s the most desirable liquid to use in the channels D, D etc., because that will not-corrode iron parts" of the vmachine, but river water or mine Water Will favor the se aration. All floating pieces will be remove by the elevator T and no adjustment is Irequired here. The partition U is set where required to separate the valuable iron; the partition V is set where it will separate only Worthless stones, slate, sulfur, and bone; and the partition W is set Where it will separate only dirt and small bits of coal which are not wanted. The partition U1 is set where it will separate ieces large!` than can be properly se arated 1n thefrictional chutes Y, etc.; and .t e partition V1 is set where it Will separate pieces smaller than will separate properly in the se arating chutes Y, etc.

he speed of the feed roller X1 must be so regulated that it will keep the chute 'v7 clear Without crowding the pieces in the frictional chutes Y, etc. If too much material comes into the chute v7, the feed must be reduced at N. Experience will show the most advanta eous pitch at which the chutes Y, etc. shoul be set, and samples will show whether the partitions 21, etc., are in their proper places.

It 1s obvious that this separatormay be modified in various ways b'y omitting some of -the features shown, or by adding more of some of the parts. Thus more partitions like U1, V1 ma be added in the bottom ofthe channel D1 W en the channel is made deep enough and the current swift enough' to cause a very wide dispersion of the pieces of materials. Then onev or more additional elevators like t, each together with a feeding chine withput adding anything new to thev invention.

The tank C'need not-be made round, but may be made square or Koblong like C1, Fig. 17. Insuch an oblong tank the elevators can all be placed in the middle as shown. In this illustration the elevators and chutes fw and rw15 are arranged to take out dirt and This partly screened culm is.

small particles and the chute and elevator 'w13 is arranged to take out separately/the large flat pieces that will pass over the partition U11 against the stream.

In case there is a steady supply of Water at hand that is sullcient to cause a suitable currenty in the main channel, then the propeller .I or Waterwheel G may be omitted and the water discharged from the end lof the .v

channel Dlya'nd instead of making D" a lreturn channel it isLthen better to make it a continuation of the channel D, as shown in Figs. 19 and 20, and the other parts'are then arranged accordin ly, as shown. In this 4arrangement the si es C3 of the channel D Dl take the place of the partitions d, etc. and of the walls of the tank C. When there is no iron to be separated the magnets r in the roller n may be omitted, althou h they aidlin separating pieces high in sul ur, and for that magnets are always useful.

The stricklers nl and can be made fixed, or yielding a little to prevent jamming instead. of revolving,l but a yielding, moving strickler in the form of a revolving brush, as illustrated is best.

A considerable percentage of bone is allowed in commercial medium and small sizes of coal and for that reason the partition s ma?? be omitted in separators for such sizes, an only the .mixture from the pocket Z* reseparated, so that no good pieces of bone nor any small odd shaped pieces of coal will place of the chutes Y, Y1, etc., and 'only one pair of separating partitions like el, z2, used. In that case the chute 'w8 will lead directly to the elevator boot fw, and the elevator 'w12 will discharge into the chute 07. The partition 21 is then so set that the worst pieces of bone will not fly over it, and the partition z2 is set so that as much bone as is wanted in the coal will fly over it.

The novel twisted form of frictional difierentiating slides Y, Y1, etc. maybe substituted by simpler slides when a complete separation, which necessitates turning the pieces over, is not desired; but the combination of the means for partly separating the culm by dispersion in a flow in liquid and thereby wash it and take out pieces which would clog' a slide, such as wood, bark and ra s, or which away.

rlthe disposition of the partitions' and elevators shown in Fig. 1 may be modified as shown in Fig. 14 in which two partitions d* and d5 run through the tank, so that there will be two return channels D2 and D3. In this case it is most convenient to place the elevators in the tank as shown and slope the bottom of the channels accordingly.. The. partitions f2 and f3 here form the channels D2 and D3 respectively.

In small sizes of marketable anthracite coal a large percentage ofslate and bone is permitted and some such small sizes can therefore be separated well enough by the wash of the water without eliminating all or any of the remaining bone and thin slate by frictional differentiation, and for such vi ork the tank part of my separator is therefore sufficient; and either only the feeder N with channel D etc., or only the feeder X l with the channel D1 etc.; or both may be used,

together with the corresponding partitions,

chutes and elevators.

If only materials that will float on the liquid used are te be separated from a mass of lum material, then only the combination of fee ing means, a water channel thereunder, means for causing a body of liquid to flow in said channel, the elevator T, and

means for removing the pieces that sink,

sufficient.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a separator for lump material, a tank having main and return channels, means for maintaining a circulation of liquids| through said channels, separating partitions arranged across the bottoms of said channels, means arranged at the h'cadof the mainch annel for feeding material into said channel, devices for shootin the material into the return channel against the flow of liquid, Land means for conveying the partly separated material from the main channel to said-devices.

2. In a separator for lump material, a channel adapted lto contain a flowing liquid stream, means for shooting pieces of material into said liquid stream against the current flow, and separating partitions arranged in the bottom of the channel under the current of the liquid.

3. In a separator for lump material,`the combination with a channel adapted to contain a iow ing liquid stream, and separating partitions in the bottom of the channehef 'means for dropping the material to be separated into the flowlng liquid in said channel,

whereby the material becomes partly sepa` rated by dis ersion, means for removing the so separate materials from the liquid, and

means arranged to shoot part of the separated' materials into the flowing liquid against the. f

current of the liquid.

n In testimony whereof I aiix my signature, in presence of two witr'iesses` Y ARTHUR LANGERFELD.

Witnesses:

M. F. SANDof- J. W. Savino.`