US8730A - Edward s - Google Patents

Description

B. HOLLY.

Car Brake.

-Patented Feb. l0, 1852.

[ff #mii/7.' Ma? NPTERS, PHOTULTHDMAPHER. WASHINGTON, UIC.'

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

BiRDsLiLLHoLLY,oEsENEcQ/i FALLS, NEW YORK, A ssioNoR To HiMsELE, siLAs HEwiT, L

EDWARD S. LATHAM, AND ABEL'DOVNSV RAILROAD-CAR BRAKE.

Speciication of Letters Patent No. 8,730, dated February` 10, 1852.

To all whom 'it may concern: L

Be it known thatI, BiRDsiLL HOLLY, of Seneca Falls, in the county of Seneca and State `of New York, have invented a new` and Improved Brake for RailroadCars,

vand that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the` same, reference be-L Lwith my brake arranged and adapted to it.

Figs. 2 and 3 show a modification of the mode o-f constructing the friction wheel.

Fig. 4 shows `the shape of the car wheels .in j

Fig. l, and the spring that frees the friction wheel. L

The same letters show corresponding parts inL the drawings. V

. In Fig. 1 A is the frame of the truck; B, B, B, B, are the braces in which the bearings of the axles run; C, C, are the axles;

D, D, D, D, are the wheels which are shown without fianges and are single plate wheels constructed as shown ,in Fig. lgE F is what I call a friction `wheel whose axis is the axis of the axle ofthe car wheel. The part F is best made of wood and ;o-f hard wood, but metal may also Vbe used. The part F is beveled on its outer face. to which thefriction wheel E F is applied has upon its inner side a projection which is shown at I, I in Fig. l. `This projection -is continuous aro-und the whole circumferenceof the wheel. `The outer face ofthe friction wheel E F,`and the surface of the projectionI, I, that is` next lto thatn face have about the bevel shown in` Fig. 4, and

to allow the fifbtion wheel to free itself readily from the projection. `The partaE of the friction wheel E LF, is either of wood or metal and of one piece with the Vpart F, or soxed as to hejsolid with and move with The wheel D;

`be `brought into and out of action.

it; as shown in thedrawings, Figs. l and 4:, the part E is cylindrical Lon its outer` face. The friction wheel G H is in all respects constructed like the friction wheel E F.`

J represents a cog wheel of Vmetal which is Lfrmlybolted to the friction wheel E F and runs with it as-one piece.. Each pair of the carwheels runs withsitsLLaxLle, as usual in rail-road-car wheels. Thewheels J and ELF run loose on the axle C, and are free to slide on it. K is another cogw'heel `of i the samesize and having cogs of the same size and number as the cog wheel J 'and constructed `like it in all respects, and it is connected and runs with the friction wheel GH in the same Lmaniier as the cog wheel J with the Afriction wheel E F. j

L is a cog wheel o-f met-al which runs on the axle N; the nut O holds the wheel L on the axle N. P is a nut which holds the `axle N firmly in the hanger Q; the nut O is on one end of t-he axle N and the nut P l on the other end. M is another cog wheel of metal of the same size and having cogs of the same size and number as the cog wheel L, and constructed, arranged and running like itin all respects. The hanger Q. is bolted firmly to the center cross pieces A, A, of the truck, and hangs do-wn from them so as-to support the cog wheels L Land M. The cog wheel L runs` in gear with the cog wheel-J, the cog wheel M runs in gear with the cog wheel K, and the wheels L and M run in gear with each other also.` The absolute size of the wheels J and K and of other for a reason hereafter stated.` The.

wheels L and M will work best if, in all respects, like each other, but onemay be larger than the other. i .L L L I have thus described my friction wheels and the manner in which I` connect them with eachother. I` now proceed to describe themanner in which I cause the friction wheels and the parts that connect them to R is the lower end of @brake shaft or wheel VshaftLfwhich, projectsmupward. ina convenient and accessible` place on the. car.

`This shaft is made in thekusual manner so as, when turned around to wind around its lower end, al chain S which connects with a metallic rod T that is fastened to the long y of the cog wheels. v

arm U of'a bent lever of metal; V is a vcontinuation of the rod T and runs to a lever upon the Aother truck of the car (it being supposed to be an eight-wheeled car, having two trucks) which operates another and similar brake on that truck, so that both brakes are operated by one brake shaft; W is the short arm of thelever of which U is the long arm; the fulcrum of the lever is at X; Y is a frame of wood which is hung from the outer sides of the cross pieces'A, A of the frame; it is so hung as to vibrate sidewise, that is to and from the inner sides Z is a pin or projection of metal, running from the frame Y in a horizontal direction, and so placed that the short arm W may act against it.

A is a shaft of metal which has firmly fastened oneach end of it a wheel of metal.

' Q is one of these wheels and C C the other.

The wheel B runs against the inner end D of the hub E of the wheel J, and t-he wheel C. C runs against the inner end F of th hub G of the wheel K.

The ends D and F ofthe hubs E and G and the faces of the wheels B and C C are represented in the drawings as beveling. They will run better ifso constructed and will wear longer, but may all be made with square faces. The shaft A is left free to turn in the two projections on the frame Y shown in the drawing, while it has no other play in them and is held to them by a band as shown.

The operation of the machinery is this:

While the car is running if the brake shaft i R is turned, it will wind up the chain S, and pull the rod T and the lever U, and bring the short arm W against the pin Z, which will move the frame Y, the shaft A and the wheels B and C C, and bring those wheels against the ends D, F of the hubs E, G of the cog wheels J and K so as to slide those cog wheels and the friction wheels E F and G H on the axles C, C, and bring those friction wheels into contact with the inner sides of the projections I, I on the wheels D, D, as the latter revolve. While the friction wheels are not so in contact the wheels D, yD, revolve without affecting the cog wheels J, K, L and M or any of the machinery whichA has been described. The moment the vfriction wheels are'brought and held in contact with the projections on the car wheels friction is created between them,

which has the effect instantly to check Athe motionl of the car wheels. If the .friction l wheels.v are pressed` and held farther in by pressing the friction wheels E F and G H farther in will be to cause the cog-wheel J to revolve in the same direction in which the car-wheel D with which it is connected is revolving, and that car wheel will keep on revolving in the same direction in which it was before revolving, the cog w'heel L will be set revolving toward the rear of the car, the cog wheel M will bie set revolving toward the front. of the car, and the cog wheel K toward the rear of the car, and with the cog wheel K, the friction wheel G I-I 'and the car-wheel D to which it is attached will revolve toward the rear also. It will thus be seen that the motion of the hind wheels of the truck will be completely reversed,'and those wheels will actually run backward while the forward wheels of the truck are running ahead, and that this w'ill continue as long as the brake is applied,

-til the motion of the car is stopped. If the car is running so that the car wheel to which the friction vwheel G H is applied is one of the forward wheels of a truck, and the brake is applied, the effect upon the frictionV wheels and cog wheels will be the same as before described and the car wheel to which the friction wheel E F is attached will be set running in a reverse direction; in other words, in all cases the motion of the hind wheels of the truck will be reversed.

If the two cog wheels J and K are alike in all respects, then whether the car be run-v ning either backward or forward, the brake will work equally w'ell and with the same power and the same amount of friction, and the hind wheels will always be reversed. But if one of the cog wheels J and K has more teeth thanA the other, although the reversing may take place running in one 4direction or in either, yet there will be either a loss of convenience by requiring'y thecar always to be run in one direction, or if it will reverse running either way, the friction l and power of stopping will be less running one way than t-he other.

Instead of the cog gearing an endless' pairs of wheels of the truck by the use of ,u y

intermediate friction,.so that-they may run in connection with each other whendesired. f

The effect of giving the yreverse motion to the car wheels is not only to stop the headway of the car much sooner than it can be done by the use of brakes which do not proby the use of my brake, the wheels can never y slide upon the track, and thus .the evil of Wearing flat places upon the treads of the Wheels Which is so injurious and is attendant on the use of the ordinarybrakes is entirely avoided. It requires also the application of much less power to the brake Wheel to stop a car that has my brake.. `Moreover the place Where the friction is applied by my brake is alwayskept dry and the brake is, therefore, always eiective in Wetweather, when it is most needed, and When other brakes fail. The frictional part and even the Whole machinery may also be boxed up so as to exclude dust and foreign substances.

When the brake-Wheel is eased up so as to Withdraw the pressure ofv the short arm W from the pin Z, the friction wheels F. F and Gr H are thrust back from out of the projections I, I, by means of a coiled spring H, Figl, Wound around the axle and pressing against the sides of the friction Wheel and car Wheel as shown` in Fig. 4,

but any other convenient Way may be em-` ployed. The pushing out of the friction Wheels Will push back the cog Wheels J and K, the Wheels B and C, C, the shaft A', the frame Y and the pin Z, so that the pin Z Will push away the short arm W, until the friction Wheels are thrust out by the springs, Which must be suiiicient to do so,

so far as to be no longer in contact Withl cogs J, J and the part I are all firmly fastened `together as one piece or they may be cast in one piece of metal; the friction Wheel, E F, is made in sections or parts as shown in Fig. 3, which are bolted fast to the part I by bolts J as shown in Figs. 2 and .p `3, the bolts running from the outside, as at J Fig. 3, throughthe sections and the part I, and being fastened on the "inside by nuts, as shown at J Fig. 2. These sections are best made of Wood, but may be of metal, and

are beveled on their outer faces, as shown in Figs.` 2 and 3in like manner as the outer face of the friction Wheel E F in Fig. t is beveled. The sections should ll the Whole or. a large portion `of the circumference of the Wheels. The advantage of this mode of construction is that asthe outer faces of the sections Wear by` friction, the sections may be moved outvvardnearer to the projection I, I, by means of setfscreivs, as at K, F igs. 2 and 3. For this purpose the sections E F if of Wood, should be faced with iron on the inside, and Where the bolts J run through the part I there should be slots to allow the bolts to move outward With the sections. By this `means also the Wearing parts of the friction Wheel may be easily renewed Without much expense.

The projection Which embraces the friction Wheel may be in the shape shown in Fig. 2, and of Whatever shape it is and on Whatever Wheel, Whether single or double plate or spoke or any other Wheel, may cit-her be cast upon and with the car Wheel or be Vbolted to it, or, instead of its being fixed on to the car Wheel a-t all, there may be a separate socket for the friction Wheel, as shown in Fig. 2, Which socket must be keyed or fastened firmly to the axle of the car-Wheel.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention and the construction and operation of its parts, what I claim as my invention and desire to secure by .Letters Patent is The xedrand sliding rubbersupon the adjacent axles of a rail-road car in combination with the intermediate cog Wheels, the Whole arranged and operating substantially as herein setV forth.

BIRDSILL HOLLY.

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