US869013A - Incandescent filament and process. - Google Patents
Incandescent filament and process. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US869013A US869013A US29064105A US1905290641A US869013A US 869013 A US869013 A US 869013A US 29064105 A US29064105 A US 29064105A US 1905290641 A US1905290641 A US 1905290641A US 869013 A US869013 A US 869013A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silicon
- filament
- metal
- silicid
- incandescent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
- Y10S8/01—Silicones
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2918—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including free carbon or carbide or therewith [not as steel]
- Y10T428/292—In coating or impregnation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
- Y10T428/296—Rubber, cellulosic or silicic material in coating
Definitions
- This invention relates to the manufacture of filaments or glowers such as used in incandescent electric lamps.
- the object of the invention is to produce a filament having high efiiciency and a long period of usefulness.
- the invention consists in the filament and in the process to be described more fully hereinafter and par ticularly set forth in the claims.
- a core such as a carbon filament
- coat the same with a mixture of silicon and metal, or metals.
- we prefer to apply this coat by preparing a caramel solution carrying this mixture of silicon and metal, or metals, in mechanical suspension.
- the carbon filaments in such a way as to deposit a coat thereupon; the filaments then are baked so that the coat becomes dry and incorporated with the filament.
- This baking preferably takes place in an indifferent gas, and the temperature is raised to a point suiiiciently high to bring about a reaction between the silicon and the metal.
- the silicid may be incorporated with the filament by other processes, such as the collodion process.
- This general process consists in dissolving cellulose such as cotton, in nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, or zinc chlorid and the plastic solution obtained is then forced through a die, hardened with alcohol, and
- silicon and metal both in a finely divided state.
- the amount of silicon and metal added should be about 50 per cent of the plastic mass, but good results may be obtained with a preparation as low as ten per cent. All of the metals that have a high melting point may be used, except those of the platinum group. Metals which we have particularly in mind are thorium, tungsten, uranium, titanium, tantalum, niobium, vanadium, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and chromium; all these metals" form silicids. The proportion of silicon to metal we find to he, is about 5 pcr.
- Our silicid filament may be also made by an impregnation process, in which the entire core of the filament is impregnated with the silicid.
- the metal is preferably in the form of titanium tetramcthide having the formula Ti (CH molybdenum tetramcthid having the formula Mo.(CH the silicon maybe in the form of a tetramethid, Si-(CHQ, or in the form of a hydrid Si H c Having thus described our invention, wc'claim a new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1.
- the process of making incandescent lamp filaments which consists in incorporating :1 metal and silicon in thc filament and forming a silicid by reaction hchvccn the metal and the silicon components.
- incandescent filaments which consists in depositing u metal and silicon on the surface of a core and effecting the formation of n silicid by heat.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
EUGENE McOUriT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND HENRY W, F. LORENZ, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.
INCANDESCENT FILAMENT AND PROCESS.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Application filed December 6,1905. Serial No. 290,641-
Patented Oct. 22, 1907.
the United States, and a resident of Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Incandescent Filament and Process, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. I
This invention relates to the manufacture of filaments or glowers such as used in incandescent electric lamps. The object of the invention is to produce a filament having high efiiciency and a long period of usefulness. The invention consists in the filament and in the process to be described more fully hereinafter and par ticularly set forth in the claims.
In preparing a filament according to our invention, we select a core such as a carbon filament, and coat the same with a mixture of silicon and metal, or metals. We prefer to apply this coat by preparing a caramel solution carrying this mixture of silicon and metal, or metals, in mechanical suspension. In this we dip the carbon filaments in such a way as to deposit a coat thereupon; the filaments then are baked so that the coat becomes dry and incorporated with the filament. This baking preferably takes place in an indifferent gas, and the temperature is raised to a point suiiiciently high to bring about a reaction between the silicon and the metal. In this way a silicid coated filament results. However, the silicid may be incorporated with the filament by other processes, such as the collodion process. This general process consists in dissolving cellulose such as cotton, in nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, or zinc chlorid and the plastic solution obtained is then forced through a die, hardened with alcohol, and
afterwards carbonized; according to our invention,
while the mass is in the plastic state, we mix with it a quantity of silicon and a metal, both in a finely divided state. The amount of silicon and metal added should be about 50 per cent of the plastic mass, but good results may be obtained with a preparation as low as ten per cent. All of the metals that have a high melting point may be used, except those of the platinum group. Metals which we have particularly in mind are thorium, tungsten, uranium, titanium, tantalum, niobium, vanadium, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese and chromium; all these metals" form silicids. The proportion of silicon to metal we find to he, is about 5 pcr.
Our silicid filament may be also made by an impregnation process, in which the entire core of the filament is impregnated with the silicid. In this instance we soak a carboniz'able thread in a mixture containing silicon and a metal, and afterward Carbonize and convert the silicon into a silicid by a high temperature.
Ins ead of using silicon and a metal in the process solution, we may use directly a silicid in that process, in which case we simply make the caramel solution in which a quantity of silicid is mixed, and the silicid is deposited directly upon the carbon cores by dipping them in the mixture. The filaments are afterwards baked in the usual manner'to harden the coat and carbonize the caramel solution with the silicid on the carbon core. Or, the filament of carbon can be flashed in a mixture of a volatile silicon and volatile metal compound, thus depositing silicon and metal simultaneously upon the carbon core. At a high temperature the n L silicon and carbon unite to form a silicid coat. The metal is preferably in the form of titanium tetramcthide having the formula Ti (CH molybdenum tetramcthid having the formula Mo.(CH the silicon maybe in the form of a tetramethid, Si-(CHQ, or in the form of a hydrid Si H c Having thus described our invention, wc'claim a new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The process of making incandescent lamp filaments which consists in incorporating :1 metal and silicon in thc filament and forming a silicid by reaction hchvccn the metal and the silicon components.
2. The process of making incamlcsccnt lump tilznncnls which consists in incorporating; a metal and silicon in the filament. and heating said filamentthereafter to comhinc the silicon and mctal.
.l. The process of making incandescent filaments which consists in depositing u metal and silicon on the surface of a core and effecting the formation of n silicid by heat.
4. The process of making incandescent filznncnis which consists in producing u (out on :1 core. said coat consisting of n cnrlmnlznhlc hinder having particles of finely divided mclnl nnd silicon in mechanical suspension lhcrein. \vhcrcby salid'meinl and silicon adheres to snirl core. and forming-2n silicid and cnrhonlzing suld hinder by heat.
5. As new article of nnnnnm'turc. :in incandescent lump iilumcut having a carbonized body with u sllicirl incorporated ihcrcwiih.
1'. An incandescent himp filament havinga sllh-id us :1 lls'hl omitting substance.
in testimony whcrcol' \vc lune signed our names to this specification in lllc pl'cscncc of two subscribing \vilncsscs.
Witnesses us 40 the slgnnlure of Henry \V. F. Lorrnz: .l 1G. L'UNh'LlN.
Maura Loni-:Nz.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29064105A US869013A (en) | 1905-12-06 | 1905-12-06 | Incandescent filament and process. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29064105A US869013A (en) | 1905-12-06 | 1905-12-06 | Incandescent filament and process. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US869013A true US869013A (en) | 1907-10-22 |
Family
ID=2937460
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US29064105A Expired - Lifetime US869013A (en) | 1905-12-06 | 1905-12-06 | Incandescent filament and process. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US869013A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2905574A (en) * | 1956-01-04 | 1959-09-22 | Alpha Molykote Corp | Method for forming metal sulfide coatings |
US2966430A (en) * | 1957-02-05 | 1960-12-27 | Kanthal Ab | Electric resistance elements |
US2996412A (en) * | 1958-10-10 | 1961-08-15 | Continental Can Co | Art of depositing metals |
US3041260A (en) * | 1958-12-31 | 1962-06-26 | Walter V Goeddel | Nuclear fuel material |
US3101280A (en) * | 1961-04-05 | 1963-08-20 | Ibm | Method of preparing indium antimonide films |
US3352694A (en) * | 1963-06-17 | 1967-11-14 | Varian Associates | Low temperature metallizing paint and method of making same |
US3459583A (en) * | 1966-01-11 | 1969-08-05 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh | Body of industrial carbon with an oxidation inhibiting coating,and method of producing such bodies |
-
1905
- 1905-12-06 US US29064105A patent/US869013A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2905574A (en) * | 1956-01-04 | 1959-09-22 | Alpha Molykote Corp | Method for forming metal sulfide coatings |
US2966430A (en) * | 1957-02-05 | 1960-12-27 | Kanthal Ab | Electric resistance elements |
US2996412A (en) * | 1958-10-10 | 1961-08-15 | Continental Can Co | Art of depositing metals |
US3041260A (en) * | 1958-12-31 | 1962-06-26 | Walter V Goeddel | Nuclear fuel material |
US3101280A (en) * | 1961-04-05 | 1963-08-20 | Ibm | Method of preparing indium antimonide films |
US3352694A (en) * | 1963-06-17 | 1967-11-14 | Varian Associates | Low temperature metallizing paint and method of making same |
US3459583A (en) * | 1966-01-11 | 1969-08-05 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh | Body of industrial carbon with an oxidation inhibiting coating,and method of producing such bodies |
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