US867150A

US867150A - Railway signaling apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US867150A
Application number: US36889707A
Authority: US
Inventors: Vincent Litchfield Raven
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1907-04-18
Filing date: 1907-04-18
Publication date: 1907-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 1924-09-24

Description

No. 867,150 PATENTED SEPT. 24; 1907.

' V. L; RAVEN.

RAILWAY SIGNALING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APB. 18.1907.

5 SHEETS8HEET l.

NO. 867,150 PATENTED-SEPT. 24, 1907.

v. L. RAVEN.

RAILWAY SIGNALING APPARATUS APPLICATION FILED APR.18.1907v 5 SHEETSSHEET 2.

RAM/WA V I YA m? f PATENTED SEPT. 24, 1907.

V. L. RAVEN.

RAILWAY SIGNALING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED APRJB. 1907.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

No. 867,150. PATENTED SEPT. 24, 1907. v. L. RAVEN.

' RAILWAY SIGNALING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.18,19Q7.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4 No. 867,150 I I? "TE TTED SEPT. 24, 1907.

v. RAY/BB1. RAILWAY SIGNALING APPARATUS APPLICATION FILED APE.1B,1907.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

,vmo NT'LI'roHFIELD RAVEN, 01 DARLINGTON, ENGLAND.

RAILWAY SIGNALING APPARATUS.

To all whom it may concern: V

' Be it known that I, Vrncsxr LITCHFIELD .Rsvsm'a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, re-

\ hsiding at.Darlington, in the county of Durham, Enghis engine or train is traveling, it has heretofore been' 'land, have invented Improvements in Railway Signaling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

For enabling the driver of a locomotive engine to de- 'termine in foggy weather the position of the line signals designed to control the working of the line over. which proposed to provide on the track inadvance of the line signal,-a conducting bar which, when rubbed over by a pair of brushes carried by the engine, closes the circuit of an electric battery through an electric bell or 'otheralarm' on the engine and thereby bring Bug-h alarm into operation to indicate to the engine driver that he is approachinga signal, and for indicating whn the line signal is in the safety attitude, it has been proposed to provide ontheengine a separate bell or otheralarm, and on the track, also in advanceot the signal, either a movable bar, or a second stationary bar, for closing, when theengine runs over. it, the circuit of a separate electric battery, that is under the control oi the signalman; through the second electric bell or other alarm and a bruslr or brushes connected to such second hell or alarm. With such an arrangement however two sets of bells or other alarms are necessary, and the danger alarm'is only souhdedwhilst the engine is passing over the first bar and therefore maybe overlooked or forgotten. It has also been proposed to pro- 'vide on the engine one-audible and several'visual signals for indicating danger? or line clear when approaching a line signal, the operation of such audible and visual signals being effected-by the closing of different electric circuits by two brushes on the engine moving in 'contact with two sets of movable-con tact bars or rails arranged on the track and adapted to be operated "by the signalman and to' be connected by him to a. battery in the signal cabin, the electric circuits being completed through insulated portions of the r nent is very complicated many moving parts. v

' Now an object of the present invention is to simplify and 'cheapen theconstruction and insure reliableand safe working of signaling apparatus for the purpose set inaiter referred to as the engine) a visual signal, an

' Specification of Lettersiliatent. Application filed April 18, 190?- Shrial No. 368,897. I

and necessitates the use of the control of the line signal and signalman, the ar ing the signaling point, both the visual and audible signals will, by reason of the presence of the first bar be first operated so as to indicate danger and call the attention of the driver to the tact that he is approaching a also when it is passing over the second bar if the line is blocked, so as to necessitate the engine being bronghtto rest,whereas,should the linesignaling apparatus have it passes ovefth'e second bar, this latter bar will, upon the engine running over it, cause the visual signal to be automatically returned to its normal or lineclear position and the audible signal to cease sounding, thus he may continue to advance, In the accompanying illustrative drawings, Figures 1 to 5 inclusive show, diagrammatically, various ar-;-

,j'ustreferredto.

According to-the arrangement shown in Fig; 1, there are provided on the engine, a visual signal-1, preferably, as shown, in the form of a small semaphore'pivoted to a. post 2-and representinga line signal 'to a small size, two electro-

magnetic devices

3 and 4 for operating and controlling the said visual signal, an audible signal,' such as an electric hell 5, and two contact brushes 6 and 7, and upon the track and in the neighborhood or each line signal to be indicated, saya distant signal 8, are fixed two

metallic bars

9 and 10 of suitable lengths, that are arrangedat a distance apart, say for example one hundred yards, and one of which, viz. 9, is arranged at a distance from the corresponding line signal 8, in the direction from which trains approach such line' .sig nal, while the other, viz. 10,- is arranged close to such 12 arranged on the engine. Bar!) is or may be insulated. Bar 10 is insulated and electrically connectedaswitch (hereinafter called for distinction the lir'ie switch), comprising forexample two contacts 13 and and workedwith such signal, either directly, as through an arm 14 projecting'from' the semaphore signal '8 or through the mechanism used for operating the line signal, in such manner that when the line signal is in the danger position shown, the

switch'contacts

13 and 14 will be in the open position so that bar 10 will be insulated, and when the line signal is'in 'the line clear I Patented Sept. 24, 19079: 1

indicating to the driver that the line is clear so that,

' PAT NT-ioFFIoEj bars one of which is independent o t helii1e signaljor signalman and the other or another of which, that is; nearer to the signaling point than the first one, is under .4

raiigement being such that upon the engine approach- '65 signaling point and will continue to give suchindication after the engine has passed over the said bar and been operated bythe signalman to indicateline clear, either beiore the train passesoverthe first bar or before rangements of-railwaysignaling apparatus of the kind .signal, Also, there are two

electrimbfitteries

11 and 14, carried for example on the post of the line signal 8 i 1 1 0 position, the

switch contacts

13 and 14 will be connected together, as by the arm 14 pressing the switch hontact 14 against- 15, so that bar 10 will be,connected to: one of the running or track'rails 15 (hereinafter for distinction called earth), as by the conductors l4".

. I Battery 11 forms part of a normally open circuit connected, as by'conductors 16, 16? to the two brushes 6 and 7 and including the elec ro-magnetic device 3 (hereinafter called for distinction the main magnet). BatterylZ forms part of a second normally open circuit that is connected at one end, as by conductors 17,-17

to the ,brush 7, and at the other end to earth, as through the engine frame and wheels, and ihcludes the other 'The terminals of the electric hell 5 are connected, as by conductors l9 and 20, in shunt or parallel with the terminals of the main magnet 3 so that the current set up by Contact of the two brushes 6 and 7 with bar 9, will divide at the junction of one of the bell terminals with one o! the main magnet terminals, viz. 21, partpassing through the coilsoi the main magnet 3 and part through thecoilsof the bell 5, the two currents re-uniting at the terminal 22 after having passed through the respective coils. Therefore, the bell 5 will continue to ring as long"asbattery ll'continues to supply current to the coils of the main magnet 3. The raising of the-armature 18 of the main magnet, besides causing the visual signal l to indicate danger, also closes, as through a push rod 23, a small switch, comprising for example spring contacts 24 and 25 (hereinafter called the sup;- plementary switch 2425), the effect of which is to complete a supplementary circuit through the

contacts

24 and 25 and a conductor 26 from t e conductor 20 back to the negative pole of battery 11 and thus maintain a fiowof current from battery 11 through the coils of the mainmagnet 3 and the coils of the bell 5, after the contact brushes 6 and 7 have passed completely over and left bar 9. The visual signal 1 is therefore capable of being maintained in the danger position for any desired length of time, and the bell will continue to ring during the whole of that time. The circuit of battery 11 is completed through a second supplementary switch comprising for example two spring contacts 27 and 28 (hereinafter called supplementary switch 27--28) that is under the control of the releasing magnct4, as through the armature 29 of that magnet and a push rod 30.

:Upon the engine running over the second bar it), the brushes 6 and 7 will bear against such'bar, and-again close the circuit of battery ll. If at the time the engine passes over bar 10 the line signalS is in the danger position, no change will .be matle in the position assumed by the visual signal when passing over bar 9,

and the bell 5 will continue to ring. if however at the time the engine passcs ovcr bar 10 the line signal 8 is in the -line clear position, the said bar will have been e1rthed by the closing of the line switch 13--l4, due

to the movement of the signal into the line clear position, and the circuit oi battery 12, will be completed through the releasing magnet 4,.thc brush 7, bar 10, switch l.314, the track rails 15 and the whccls and frame of the engine.

v The arinature 29 oi the releasing'iiiagnet 4 will thereby be caused, through its rod 30, to raise switch contact 27 from the switch contact 28 and thus open the norll), thc armature 29 of the releasing magnet 4 will return to its normal position and the supplementary switch 27-28 will be again closed. All the parts of the apparatus will then be in their original positions in readiness for another cycle oi operations.

Means, such as a hand operated switch 31, are 'providcd whcrcby the engine driver can open the circuit of the main magnet it and hell 5 by hand when he has obtained sulticicnt indication that a line signal has been passed in the-danger position, it being undertood that the signal passed is a distant signal which the regulations allow the driver to pass when in thdanger"position.

Fig. 2 is a similar view to Fig. 1, showings modified arrangement of apparatus of the kind hereinbefore dcscribcd. In this arrangement, one terminal of the re leasing magnet 4 is conntcted to brush 7; and the other -terminal to the engine frame. second battery 12 is placed at each line signal 8 to be indicated such battery being placed say in a box on the signal post, and

has one terminal connected to earth l5 and the other tot-he contact 13 of the line switch13-14 the other contact 14 of which is connected to bar 10. The arrangement is such that when the line signal 8 is in the danger position, bar 10 will be insulated and"will have no effect upon the position taken up by the visual signal 1, or upon the ringing of the hell 5 when the engine with brushes 6 and 7 passes'over it, in consequence 'of the previous connection established between the brushes 6 and'7 by their passage over bar 9. When however the line signal 8 is moved into the line .tmck mils I5, and on the passage of the engine over bar lo, the circuit of battery 12 will be completed through the said bar, brush 7, the releasing magnet 4 and tho engine frame, and the visual signal 1 will, as

before, lH' returned toils normal position, and the,bell 5 will cease to ring. in this arrangement bar 9 need not lninsulated. I i

, The modified :irrangcnn-nt shown in Fig. 2 will usuall y be the I)l('i"l'll(l arrangement, because, should the bar 10 bot-onto accidentally oartllod at any time when the line signal 8 is in the danger position and the battery I2 is carried on the engine, as in 1, a false or erroneous indication would be given by the visiial signal Land hell 5, win-mas if battery 12 be placed near and connccted to the line switch l3-14 substan Hall as (li'S(lll)t(l for the modified arrangement shown in Fig. 2, no danger of a false indication being given, under the circumstances mentioned, will arise.

Other modifications of the apparatus may be made to suit different conditions of service. Thus, by a modified armngemcnt'of the brushes and bars, the releasingmagnet may be dispensed with, the return of to be placed, as by a supplementary switch 2425,

trically connect the two contacts 13-14 together. only when the line signal 8 is moved into the ofi or line clear position. 'lhe line switch may also be pro when closediby the armature 18 of the main magnet "bfin'cohnection with the metal frame of the engine and thus with earth. Bar 9 is connected to one of the track rails 15 and thus to earth. Instead of a single bar l0, as in Figs. 1 and 2, there are two parallel bars 10 10 which are respectively connected to a pair of normally disconnected contacts l3 l -'l in a line switch having a movable mernben 14 thatis adapted to elecv'ided, a'l's shown', with two additional contacts 32' and 33 that normally connected; together by the movable nrern ber 14 oi the line switch when the line signal inthe oni or danger position, but actsto disconnect; them when the line signal is, moved into the line clear position. One of the additional contacts, viz. 32, is connected to earth, sis through the adiacent''rail fl5, and the other, viz. 33, to one, or preferably, asshown, to two longitudinal bars 34 and 35 on the track'and over and in contact with one or other of "which another brush 36 carried by the engine can travel. Upon the engineisalso mounted 'a..'seco1 1 d audible signal. 37, difiereirt in sound f om the 5, fonexample a whistle, adapted to be placed in connection'with a Westinghouse brake pipe 38, or a vactiumbrakepipeiil), by a cock 40 that is under the r control of anotherelectro-magnet 41. i For this purpose, the cock 40 have fixed to it a lever arm 41 that is connected aspr ing 42 that tends to turn it downward but is normally prevented from doing so by a pivoted lever are; 43 thatjis normally held in the pperative position afspring44 but,is arranged to be moved by magnet4lwhenthe same is energized, into a position to thelever ii and allow the same to be moved by its 42 into a position to open the cock 40 and sound the whistle 37. One terminal of magnet 41 is connected on the engine, as by a conductor 45, to one -pole of the of electric encgy, for esan ple the lead-11?, andthe other .is adapted to'be connected, as

'. "by a conductor A5, to earth througlr brush 36, one or other of thelbars and 35 an d the additional contacts 32-ai d 33 of the line switch, when thelin'e signal 8 is in the danger attitude. lhe circuit of'i'nagnet 41 may a switch ifiwhercby, after being 7 closed it f'can be opened by Contact brushes 6, li 6 and sill}, which are carried by the engine, are spaced apart transversely of the track. The arrang me'ntjis such that when the engine, runs over bar 9,

and bell the source of electric energy, viz. the electric cad ll -and earth to which the opposite pole aggro snn'gce of electric energy is connected, and cause .bru sl 1; 6 r'y il,l cdrnpletethc circuit of the main magnet 3 the visual signal -1 to ni'ove into the danger position and the hell 5 toring, the armature 18 of the main magnet 3 at the same time moving into a position to close the

supplementary switch

24, 25 so as to close the second circuit of the'r'nain magnet and-bell through the conducto'r 20 to earth and maintain the visual signal 1 in the danger attitude and keep the bell 5 ringing after brush 6 has left bar 9. Upon the engine running over contact bars 10 and 10, brushes 6' and sfiwill bearupon them and if the line signal 8 has beenmoved into the safety attitude, the two'bars will be electrically con-. nccted through the line switch 13-14 and-the brushes 5 and so,cause the visual signal-1 on the engine to return to its safety position and the said bell to cease Also, brush 36 will pass idly over bar 34 or 35, as the circult between them and earth is then open owing to the 6 and-6 will short circuit the main magnet 3 and bell contacts 32 and 330i theline switch being apart. If,

on the other hand, the line signal be at danger" brushes 6" and 6" will not short circuit the main magnet .3 and bell 5 upon passing over'bars 10 and 10}, because the circuit between these bars will be open between the

contacts

13 and 14 while. that .between'bars 34 and 35 and earth will be closed between-the contacts 32 and 33 of the switch, so. that upon brush 36 coining into contabhwith the rail'34 or. 35 ,ac cordin'g as the engine is running forward or backward, it will close the .circuit of magnet 4l and enable the whistle 37 to be sounded to give an indication that the line-signal 8 is at danger This arrangement is specially suitable for use in connection with electrically propelled vehicles, the current for the magnetsB and 41 and bell-5 taken, as"

through. suitable resistance devices 37 fioh1 one pole 11, of the source of electric supply used ior propulsion,

separate electric batteries with. In this case the magnets 3 and 41,and1bell:5-on the vehicle rnay be duplicated and placed at the respective endsof the vehicle and usedwith one set of contact brushes 6, 6, 6 and 36 so asto'he available atfeitherend of the vehicle. According to another modification,- the apparatus is adapted to enable the driveqto distinguish. between a line signal, such ass distant signal, at-which he need notstop when it is in the danger. positioh,'iind a line signal, such as 'a home signshwhich he must notjpass whenit is in the .danger-position. For purpbse the engine may be provided with another signal, say in the formof a semaphore arm,"that is adapted in conjunction with the audible signal, to ibe opemted'or controlled by a duplicate arrangement'of apparatus of the kind hereinbefore described adapted to be brought I into action by a suitable anangelnent of supplementary bars and contact brushes.

Fig. 4 show diagrammatically, an arrangement as and forthe-purpose .just described. Inthis'armngeinent, in addition-to the main magnet 8, the releasing magnet 4, brushes G-and fl,- bars' 9 and 10,: and connections, there are provided on theengineaseoondmain' magnet 23' for opcratinga second. visual orsernaphore signal 1" corresponding to the home signal 8, asecond releasing magnet 4 for controlling the second .-'main magnet 3, a second pair of brushes 7,"f7?, and additional supplementary switches and connections, and .on i the track there is or are provided between the bar 10 and the home signal 8 one or more intermediate insu.

lated bars, or pairs of bars 48', (two pairs are shown) each of which is arranged to make contact with one or other of the contacts 7 or 7? and to be connected to earth through another battery 12 by a second line switch 1314 when the home signal S" is moved into the off position. 7

As will be seen the arrangement .is such that when the engine'runs over bar 9, the brushes (3 and 7 will complete the circuit of battery 1] through the coils of the

main magnets

3 and 3* and bell 5, which are connected in parallel, the current passing (on-from one pole of the battery 11 through main magnet. 3, supplementary ....s.witch 27 28 and connecting conductors 16 to brush 6,

then through the bar 9 to brush 7, and back through the conductor 16 to the other pole oi the battery, and (1)) through conductor 49 and the second main magnet 3", and the conductor 50 and bell 5 to the point 51 and thence through the normally closed supplementary switch 27" -28 of the releasing magnet 4, conductor 52, and the supplementary switch 27 and 28 of thereleasing magnet 4 and part of the conductor 16 to the brush 6, whence it passes through bar 9, brush 7and conductor 16 back to the second pole of the battery 11. The two semaphore signals 1, 1 will consequently be -rnoved into the danger attitude by the two arinatures 18,-18" of the two

main magnets

3, 3 and the bell 5 will be caused to ring so as to give.visible and audible in-' dications that the engine is approaching the distant signaling point. The raising of tnearmature 18 of the mainmagnet fi closcs the supplementary switch 24,

25, so as to complete the circuit of the battery 11 inde-' pendently of the brushes, as beiore, and maintain the visual distant signal 1 in its operative condition after brushes 6 and 7 have left bar 9. The raising of th armature 18 of the main magnet 3, closes

thesupplementary switch

24, 25 and, thrgugh conductors 54 and a switch contact 53 that bears against the supplementary switch contact 27 maintaijhs the visual home signal 1" and the audible signal 5 in their operative'conditions afterbrushes 6 and 7 have leit the bar 9.

If the distant signal 8 be in the line clear position,

then, upon the brushes 6 and 7 running over bar 10, the circuit oi battery 12 will be completed, as before, through earth, the engine frame, the winding of the releasing magnet 4, part of conductorv l6, brush Q, bar 10 and line switch 13-14, so that the circuit of battery 11 will be broken by the opening of the

supplementary switch

27, 28 and 53 by the armature 29 of the releasing magnet 4. The signals 1, l will consequently be al- I hand switch 31, the signal 1' still remaining in the magnet 4" will be closed by reason of one or other of the f danger position and the bell 5 remaining in action. it the home signal 8 be lowered by the signalman during the time the engine is running from the distant signal 8 to the home signal 8, the circuit of the releasing brushes 7 or 7 coming into contact with one or other 0: the bars 48, the circuit of the battery 12 and releasing magnet 4" being closed through the engine frame,

conductor 55, oneor other of the brushes 7, 7", one or other of the bars 48 and line switch 1314. The armature 29 of releasing magnet 4 will consequently rise and, through its rod 30, open the supplementary switch 27* 28" .and break'the circuit. of battery 11.

through the windings oi the main magnet 3' and hell 5 s0 as to allow the, signal 1 to fall into the line clear position and stop the bell ringing. If the engine has been brought to rest at the home signal 8 by reason of that signal being at danger, the home indicator signal 1 may be lowered and the hell '5 put out of action by opening a hand switch 31*. in the circuit of the main magnet 3 and hell 5. The engine is then under the control oi the home line signal 8.

By introducing polarized indicating devices in the circuits 'and arranging the contact brushes, bars, and:

circuits in a suitable manner for the actuation of the visual and audible" signals on the engine; the distinction between different line signals of the same character, but appertaining'to different lines at a. diverging junction can be shown on the engine. For example, at a point at which a line diverges in two directions, there would be two distant signals, and two home. signals. The two signalsol the same character are always erected, relatively to each other, exactlyas the lines diverge. Thus, the left hand *distant signalbeing approached relates to the line' which diverges to the leit at the junction, and .th other distant sigi nal relates to the line continuing straight on or diverging to theright. -The home signals are erectednnder-a similar role. Therefore, a small' polarized indicator mounted on the engine and carrying two numbers,

- say 1 and 2,- could, byconvention, be made to indicate always, say 1, left hand line, 2 right hand line.

Fig. 5 shows, diagrammatically,.an arrangement of i this kind for use at a diverging junction, A being the left hand line, B therighthand line, 8, 8" the distant signals for the left and right hand lines A and B respectively, and a, s the home signals for the left and right hand lines respectively. 'lhg main'magnets 3, 3 for the distant and home signals respectively, and the re-'

leasing magnets

4 and 4 for controlling the circuits of such main magnets, are connected up and work in the manner hereinbefore described for the arrangement shown in Fig. 4. In the circuits of the releasing magnets 4 and dhowever, there are arranged polarized subsidiary indicating devices 56 and 57 respectively or use with the distant and home signals. Each of these indicatingdevices has a movable indicator in the form, it may be, of a disk, carrying, as shown, the numbers 1 and 2 for indicating the left and right hand lines respectively aud'their corresponding line signals, and a front plate formed with an aperture 58 through which the number-1 or 2 can be seen, according to the direction in which the disk is turned under the action of the polarized armature of the indicating deviee, the

common to the two

distant signals

8, 8 or to the two

home signals

8, 8; The switch device for the distant v against contact 61 and contact 62 is' pressed against win 10 tact63 but contacts 61 and 62 are at all times insulated from .ea ch'other, so that upon brush 6 bearing upon bar 10 current will How from one pole of battery 12 to the other through the releasing magnet '4 and polarized in- (Heating device 56 in a direction to bring the number I 5, 2 opposite the aperture 58 in the said indicating device. The switch device for the distant signal 8 comprises four

contacts

65,66, 67 and 68, whereof 65 and 66 are 4 connected respectively: to bar 'and the negative .pole of battery 12, and 67 and'68 are connected re- Z0 spectively to earth and the positive pole of battery 12,

. The contacts in each'pair are normally insulated from each other, and the two pairs permanently insulated irom'each other, as in the previous case. W ith this arrangement of the contacts it-will be seen that when .2 5 the distant signal 8 is moved into the line clear. p0- sition, contact 65 will be pressed against contact 66 and I contact 67 against contact 68 and current will be caused to flow from the battery 12 in the opposite direction through the releasing magnet 4 and indicating device 0 56 with the result that the number i. will be brought opposite theaperture-58. The switch devices for-ruse with the

home signals

8, 8, bars 48, battery 12, r e-, I leasing magnet 4f and polarized indicating device- 57, are constructed and .operate in .the same way as those 5 for.the distant signal, the partsiof such switches being 'markedwith similar reference gures as those of thewitches for the distant signals but with the addition bf the index 'letter a. I

.i The line indicators 56 and 57 may be of any convenient construction. Each of them may conveniently consist of a weighted plate bearing the figures l and 2 and to which is fixed a permanent magnet 56 or 57*, one end of which isarranged between the two poles of an electro-magnet 56 or 57* so that it can move towards one or other pole according to the direction of the current through the winding oi the electro-magnet.

Means, such as a pivoted loop orlink 56 or 57", is providcd for holding the plate in the position in which it I is automatically moved by the electro-magnet, the said means being arranged to be moved, as by a hand-lever 56 01 57, to release, the plate and allow it to move into the normal and inoperative position shown'. Further desirable information may be given to the driverby other modifications of the apparatus. For instance, on passing a distant signal at danger, the driver, if unable to see the corresponding home signal, must reduce the speed of'his train to-such'an extent as will enable him to stop, if necessary, at the home sig rial, on arrival there. It may, however, be unnecessary'lor him tostop at the home signal on arrival there,

the line may have been cleared in the interval between passing the distant signal and arrival at the home signal. In this way, much valuable time may be I lost. By providing, asshown in Figs. 4 and 5, a continuous wire from the signal to any selected point seaguso I or points and connecting it to additional pairs of insu-' passage between the distant and the fhome signals 8 and 8, each bar 48 then acting alike for. causing the return of the indicator signal 1"on the engine to the .f linc clear position and stopping the bell 5, upon the brush 7 or 7 coming in contact with anyof such bars 48,

In the foregoing arrangements, in which contact:

brushes are'used, such brushes may be mounted in spring'holders that will insure their coming'into contact with the bars on the-track and which will yield in I an upward direction to prevent undue pressure between the brushes and bars.

As will be obvious the-details of construction of 3 5- v paratus to operatein the manner set forth can .be variously modified without departing from theessential features thereof. 4

Having now particularly described'and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to performed, I declare that what I claim is;

1. In a railway signaling system, the combjnatlon with a vehicle, and the track over which the same is to travel, ot signaling apparatus arranged on thevehicle and adapted when, hroughtinto actlonto continue in action and thereby indicate danger, means arranged at .one part ot'the traclrwbereby saldslgnallng apparatus-will be brought into action to lndl'eatedanger when the vehicle travels over such part '0! the track, and means under the control ot'aslgnalnian wherebynponthe 'vhlcle runnlng over another part 0 the track, in advance of the first mentioned part, .the saldsignallngapparatus can" be put out of action and thereby ,lndicatellne clear.

2'. In a railway signaling ,system,-the comblnatton with v a vehicle and firetruck ovezrwblch the-same lsttotr avel,

0t electrlcally'operated signaling apparatus arranged on the vehlcle-and. adaptedwhen-brought into actlon'to contlnue ln actlon'mid thereby indicate danger, means arranged at one part-0t the track whereby, said signaling apparatus will be broughtlnto action to indicate danger when the vehicle tra velsjover such partot' the track, and inenns under the control of a slgnalmanwhereby upon the vehicle runulng. over another part'of the track, in

advance of the flrstmentiond part, the said slgnallng apparatus can be. put-out of action and thereby indicate llne clear. f

3. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and the track over which the same is to travel,

of a'slgnallng devlce-on said vehicle, a normally open circuit controlling said-signaling device, means arranged.

at one part of said track tor causlngthe closing of sdld circuit and the operatlonrot'sald slgnallng devlce to indicate danger when the vehicle travels over such part of the truck, means adapted on the closing of sald circuit to cause the signaling device to still lndlcute danger, and separate means under the control of a slgnalman whereby the saldclrcult'can be affected to bring about-the return of said signaling device to its normal condition to indlcute line clear.

4. In it rallway signaling system, the combination with a.vchiclc and the track over which the same isto travel, of a slgnallng device on said-vehicle, a normally open circuit controlllng said signaling device. mcans' arranged 'iit one part of said track for temporurlly closing said and under the control of a Signalman, whereby said circult. can be rendered inoperative on said signaling device and permit the same to return to its normal position to indicate line clear. I I V 5. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and a track over which the same is to travel, of an electrically operated signaling device on the'vehicle,

circuit of said signaling device and thereby cause Ethe same toindicate danger upon the vehicle running over said part ofthe track, a supplementary circuit arranged to be closed upon the bringing of said-signaling iievice into action and to thereby maintain the same in action: to; indicate danger after the vehicle has run over said port of the track, and means under the control of a signal;

man "whereby said signaling device can be returned to its normal condition, to indicate line clear, upon the vehicle running over another part of the track in ad vance of the first mentioned part. I

(i. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and the track over which the same travels. (it an audible signaling device arranged onthe vehicle and adapted when brought into action to continue in action and thereby indicate danger, means arranged at one part of the track whereby said signaling device will be brought into action to indicate danger when the vehicle travels over such part of the track, and means under the control of a signalman whereby upon the vehicle traveling over another part of-t'he track in advance of the first part. the said signaling device can be put out of action and thereby indicate line clear.

7. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and a track over which the same is to travel.

' signalman whereby said signaling device can be returned to its normal condition to indicate'line clear upon the vehicle running over another paift ot the track in advance of the first mentioned part. I

8. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and the track over which the same is to travel,

of audible and visual signaling devices located on said vehicle, means located at one part of the track for bringing said signaling devices into action and thereby cause them to indicate danger, means for maintaining said devices in-actionaftcr the vehicle has passed over said part of the trackfand means under the control of a signalman whereby said signaling devices can he returned to theirnormal condition to indicate line clear upon ,the vehicle passing over another part of the track in advance of the first part.

9. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and the track over which the same is to travel, of electrically operated audible and visual signaling devices located on said vehicle, means located at. one part of the track for closing the circuits of said. signaling devices and thereby cause them to indicate danger, means for maintaining the circuits of said signaling devices closed after the vehicle has passed over said part of the track, and means under the control of a signalman whereby said signaling dcvices can be returned to their normal condition to indicate line clear upon-the vehicle passing over another part of the track in advance of the first part.

10. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle, and a track over which the some is to travel, of electrically operated signaling apparatus located on said vehicle. a longitudinally arranged banarranged at one part of said track and adapted upon the vehicle passing over it to bring said apparatus into action to indi('tite danger. means adapted upon the coming into operation of said apparatus to maintain the same in action utter the vehicle has passed over said bar. and anormally inoperative second bur arranged longitudinally on ilii". i'l'ii1k in advance of the dustbin and under the controlof a, signalman and whereby said signallng'apparatus can beiput out of action to indicate line clear when the vehicl' travels over-.it after it has been rendered operative by the signalman. 7

11. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and a track over which the same is to travel, of

electrically operated signaling apparatus located on said vehicle and arranged in a normally open circuit, a. longitndinally arranged bar arranged at one part of said longitudinally arranged andnormallyinoperative-baron V the track in advance of the first one and .under thecontrol of a slgnalman, whereby said signaling apparatus can be put out of action to indicate line clear when .the'vehicle travels over it after it has been-rendered'qperatlve by the actlonof .the Signalman.

12. In a railway signaling system, the combination of vehicle and a track over which said vehlcle-is to travel, of

a nor tally open circuit on said vehicle, electrically operated signaling apparatus. arranged -in said circuit, a bar;

arranged on the track and adaptedion the vehicle passing over it to close said circuit and-bring said slgnallngapparatus into action to indlcatedanger, a uppIementarycircult arranged to be closed on the closing of the miin 'clrcuit andto maintain said-apparatus in action after the vehicle has passed over said bat, an electromagnetic vice arranged on .said vehicle-in a normally open circuitv and adapted, when energized, by-the closing of its circuit, 1

to open the clrcult of said signaling apparatus and put said apparatus out of action to indicate line 'clear, and a second, normally inoperative, bar arranged onth'e track in advance of the first bar and adapted, under the control of a signalman, to bring about the closing of the-circuit ofsuclLelectro-magnetlc"device? p 13. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and a track over which said vehicle is ,totravl; ot' a normally open circuit on said; vehicle, electrically operated signaling apparatus arranged in said circuit, a

bar arranged on the track and adapted on the vehicle passing over it to'close said circuit and bring said signaling apparatus into action to lndicatedanger, a supplementary circuit arranged to be closed on the closing of the main clrcult and to maintain said apparatus in action after the vehicle has passed over said bar, an electromagnetic device arranged on said vehicle'in asecond normally open circuit and adapted when energized by the closing o't'ita circuit to open the circuit of said signaling apparatus and .put such apparatus out of action to indicate line clear, a second normally inoperative bar. arranged on the-track in. advance of the first one, andmeans operatedla umultane nusly with a line signal torrenderiug said second bar operative for closing such second circuit when the vehicle runs over it.

- 14. In a railway signaling system, the'combinatlon with a vehicle and the track over which the same is to travel, a

of a normally open'circuit on said vehicle, electrically operated audible and visunlcignals arranged in said circuit, a bar arranged on the track and adapted to close the circuit of the. said signals each time the vehicle passes over it, means for maintaining said circuit closed after thevehicle has passed .said bar, a second bar arranged in alinemeht with but in advance of the aforesaid bar, electromagnetic means for restoring the vehicle signals to non'nal condition controlled by the said second bar, and means operated simultaneously wltha line signal for connecting and disconnecting-said second harm and from a source of electrical energy.

releasing magnet in a third, normally open, circuit, and a second. normally closed, supplementary switch'arranged to be operated by said releasing magnet. when energized, to open said supplementary circuit, said parts being on the rehicle,'.a bar arranged on said track at a distant signaling point and adapted to short circuit said contacts when the vehicle passes over it, an insulated bar arranged on the track and in the neighborhood of the distant signaling point and in advance of the first mentioned bar, and a line switch arranged to be operated when a line signal is actuated to indicate line clear and thereby to enable said second. bar to complete the circuit of said. releasing magnet when tile vehicle passes over it. i i

24, in a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle and the track andline signals therefor, of an electric generator having a. normally open circuit including an electric bell, and a main magnet, a visual signal arranged to be moved into the danger attitude by the armature of said magnet when the same'is energized by the closing of said circuit. contacts connected to the terminals of said circuit, a normally open supplementary circuit for said bell and magnet, a normally open supplementary switch arranged to close said supplementary circuit through said generator when the main circuit is closed and the main magnet thereby energized, a releasing magnet having one terminal connected to earth and the other to an-insulated contact, a second, normally closed, supplementary switch arranged to be opened by said releasing magnet when energized and thereby to open said supplementary circuit after the same has been closed by the first mentioned supplementary switch the foregoing parts being on said vehicle, a bar arranged on the track ata distant signaling point and acting to temporarily short circult said contacts when the vehicle passes over the said barand thereby to close the main circuit, an insulated bar arranged on the track and with which the releasing mag- -ne't contact is arranged to make connection when the vehicle passes over said bar, a stationary electric generator. having. One pole connected to earth, and a line switch arranged to be operated when a line; signal is actuated to indicate line clear and thereby connect said insulated bar to the second pole of the stationary electric generator.

25. In a railway signaling sys'rtem, the combination with a vehicle and the track and line signals, therefor, of an electric generator, an electric bell anddlstant and home main magnets arranged in the circuit of said generator and in parallel wi other; separate distant and home visual signals I danger attitude by said laugh when energized by the closing of the main circuit of aaidgcnerator, two separate normally open' supplementary circuits. for said main magnets and bell,'"two separate normally open supplementary su'ltcheshrranged to be operated by the respective main magnets to separately close the two supplementary circuits when themuin circuit is closed. two normally closed supplementary switches arranged in the said supplenent'ary 'circuits, and one of which when opened, opens the circuit of both main.magnets and the bell, and the other .of which when opened opens the circuits of the home main magnet and hell, distant and home releasing magnets each having one terminalconnected.to earth and the other to ing d to be moved into the an insulated contact and adapied when energized happen thecorresponding normally closed supplementary switch nndzsuppiemeniary circuit, the above mentioned parts being arranged on the vehicle, iwo bars arranged on the track in theneighborlumd of a distant signaling front, one

, of said bars being arranger] to short circuit the contacts cult, and the other being in-.

in iii?neighborhood of but behind the home signal, and so.

as to make connection with the contact connected to one terminal of the home releasing magnet, a second stationary electric generator having one pole connected to earth, and

a second line switch arranged to be actuated when line signal" is'actuated to indicate line clear and therebycon- .nect said second insulated bar to the. second pole of saidsecond stationa'ry electric generator.

26. in aruilway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle, and the trackahd line signals therefor, of an electric generator, an electric bell and distant and home main magnets arranged in the main clrcuit of said generator and in parallel with each other, separate distant and home visual signals arranged to be moved into the danger attitude by said magnets when energized by the closing of the main circuit of said generator, two separate normally open supplementary circuits for said main magnels and bell, two separate normally-open supplementary switches arranged to he operatedby the respective main magnets to separately close the two supplemental-y circuits when the main circuit is closed, two normally closed supplementary switches arranged in the said supplementary circuits, and one of which. when opened,

opens the. circuit of both the main magnets and the bell,

and the other of which when opened opens the circuits of the home magnet and bell, distant and home releasing magnets each having one terminal connected to earth and the other to aninsulated contact and. adapted whenenergized to open the corresponding normally closed supple rnentnry switch and supplementary circuit, the above mentioned parts being arranged on the vehicle, two bars arranged on the track in' the neighborhood of a distant slg naiing point, one of said bars being arranged to short circuit the contacts connected to the main circuit, and the other being insulated andarrangeddn advance of the first bar and so as to make connectiop with the contact connected to one terminal of the distant releasing magnet, a

stationary electric generator having one pole connected to the track in the neighborhood of but b'ehind'tlie home sigpal, and so as to make connection with the contactjcon nected to one terminal of the .home releasing magnet, a

stationary electric generator having one pole connected to earth, a second line switch arranged tobe actuated when a line signal is actuated to indicate ilneclear and thereby connect said second insulated bar to the second pole of said stationary electric generator, and an insulated bar arranged between th insulated bars at the distant and home signaling points and connected to the insulated bar at the home signaling point. I

27 in a railway signaling system, the combination with u vehicle, a track with junction having two branch lines therefor. and home and distant line signaling mechanism for said branch lines, oteleclrlc signaling and controlling apparatus arranged on said vehicle andcomprising an electric generator, an electric bell and distant and home main magnets in the main circuit of said generator and in parallel with each other, separate distant and home visual signals arranged to be moved into the danger attitude by said magnets when energized by the closing of the main circuit of said generator, two separate normally open supplementary circuits tor said magnets and be", two separate normally open supplementary switches arranged to be oper'nted h y the respective main magnets toseparately close, the'two supplementary circuits when the main circuit is closed, two normally closed switches arranged in the said supplemental-y circuits and one of which when opened, opens the circuit of both'main magnets and the bell and the other of which when opened opens the circuits of the home main magnet and bell'and distant and home releasing magnets each having one terminal connected to earth and the other ary electric generator having one pole conncctcd'to earth,

.vs d.

two line switches arranged to be operated when the re spective distant line signaling apparatus is operated to indicate line.clear for one or other of the two branch lines at the junction, one 01. said line switches when closed by the operation of its corresponding distant line signalhlg apparatus for indicating line clear for one branch line being arranged to connect one pole. of said stationary generator to earth and the other to said insulated bar, and the second line switch when closed by the operation of its corresponding distant-line signaling apparatus for indicating line clear for the other branch line being arranged to reverse the connection of the poles of the said generator to'the-insulated-bar and earth, and a route indicator arranged to be moved in one direction when current is caused to flow iii one direction "through the distant releasing magnet'aiter one line signaling apparatus has been operated to indicate line clear for one branch line or route, and in the opposite direction when current is caused to flow in the contrary direction through said distant re leasiu'gmagnet after the other line signaling apparatus has been operated. to indicate line clear for the second branch line or route- I 28. In a railway signaling system, the combination with :1 vehicle, a track having a junction with two branch lines therefor, and home and distant line signaling mechanism for said branch lines, of electric signaling and controlling apparatus arranged on said vehicle and comprising an elec- -i.ric generator, an electric hell and distant and home main mngnols in the main circuit of said generator and in parallel with each other, separate distant and home visual sig nals arranged to be moved into the danger attitude bysaid inogupls when energized by the closing of the maincir- (suit of said generator, two separate normally open supplementary circuiis for said magnets and bell two separate norumiiy open supplementary switches arranged to be operated by the respective main magnets to separately close the iwo suppicim-utary circuits when the main circuit is closed, two normally closed switches arranged in the said supplenumi r circuils and one of which when opened, opens the circuit of both main magnets and the bell and the other of which when opened opens the circuits ot the home main magnet and bell, and distant and home releasing magncls each having one terminal connected to earth and the other to an insulated contact and adapted when energlzcd to open the corresponding normally closed supple mentary switch and supplementary circuit, -two bars arranged on the track in the neighborhood of the distant signaling point, one'of said bars being arranged to short circuit the contacts connected to the main circuit and the other being insulated and arranged in advance of the first one and so as to make connection with the contact connected to one terminal of the distant releasing magnet, 21 stationary electric generator having one pole connected to earth, two line switches arranged at the distant signalclosed when the distant line signal for oncdiranch line is operated to indicate line clear and to then connect one pole of the stationary generator to earth and the other to said insulated bar, and the other line switch being arrangedond branch line is operated toindica'te line clear and to then reverse the connection of said stationary electric generator to earth and said insulated bar, a. route indicator arranged to be moved in one direction when the current is caused to flow in one direction through the said. distant releasing magnet for one route and in the opposite direction when current is caused to flow in the reverse'direction through said releasing magnet, a second insulated bar arranged behind andnear to the two sets of home line 'signniing apparatus or the two branch lines and to make connection with the contact connected to one terminal of the home releasing magnet, a stationary battery, two line switches under the control of the two sets of home line signaling apparatus and arranged to connect said second insulated bar to one or other pole of said stationary generator and the opposite pole to earth, and a second route indicator arranged to be moved in one direciiou when current is caused to ilow in one direction through the home releasing magnet and in the opposite direction when cur-' rent is caused to flow in the reverse direction through said magnet.

29. In a railway signaling system, the combination with a vehicle, and a track over which the same is to travel, of electrically operated signaling apparatus located on said vehicle and arranged in a normally open circuit, a longitudinully arrangcd bar arranged at one part of said track and adapted upon the vehicle passing over it to bring about the closing of said circuit and thereby cause said apparatus to indicate danger, means adapted upon the apparatus being brought into action to completes. supplementary circuit and maintain said apparatus in action after the vehicle has passed over said .bar,'a second longitudinally arranged and normally inoperative bar on the. track in advance of the first one and under the control of a signnlnmn, whereby said signaling apparatus can be put out of action to indicate line clear when the vehicle travels over it after it has been rendered operative by the'action ot the signalman and one ormore additional longitudinally arranged and normally inoperative bars arranged on the track in advance 'of the second bar'and under the control of the sigualmangind adapted to act like the second bar.

April, 1;!07.

Witnesses W. H. NIXON,

Au'riwu C. STAMER.

ing point, one of said line switches being arranged to be to be closed when the other distant line signal for the sec- 0 Signed at Newcastle-on-Tyne, England, this ninth day or 4 vmcnNr'm'rcarmnonavnn.