US86393A - Charles h - Google Patents

Description

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CHARLES H. HALL, OF SMITHS FERRY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 86,393, (lated Feb'rua/ry 2. 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-GENERATORS To all 'whom it dna/y concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. HALL, of Smiths Ferry, yin the county of Beaver, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Steam-Generator; and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is an outside elevation of my improved steam-generator;

Figure 2V shows a vertical section ofthe same;

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional 'view of one ofthe boiler-chambers employed in building up my improved steam-generator; and

Figure 4 is a top or plan view thereof.

Like letters ofreference 'indicate like parts in each.l

The nature of my invention consists in the construction of a series of tubular boiler-chambers, arranged one above the other, and all immediately over or con-V nected with a heating-furnace, and so constructed as to secure, when in use, a current of' hot air, smoke, gases of combustion, &c., passing in one direction, and acontinuous flow of water passing in the opposite direction; and also so constructed as to give agreatlyhincreased heating-surface, along with the strength and durability necessary to a successful and -safe steam-generator.

To. enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and mode of operation.

Ais a dre-chamber, closed at the sides, except on the side into which opens the door B, and the sides Aand top and bottom of the passage, leading from the door B inward, are made tight and close.

The bottom of the fire-chamber consists of a firegrate, b, beneath which is an ash-pit, b.

The'door B is deep enough, so that through it, or through a grating or damper in its lower part, air may be furnished to the iire on the grate b.

Below the ash-pit b is a water-cl'lamber, C, which extends upward, around the lire-chamber A, to any de sired height.

The walls of the two unite at or near the upper part ofthe dre-chamber A.

The outer wall, a, I make generally ot' cylindrical form, though other shapes may be used, if preferred.

On the top of the outer wall I place a series of boilerchambers, one above the other, such as is shown in iig. 3. Each of these is cast separate. rIhey are 'of uniform size and shape, and, except the first or lower one, are counterparts of each other.

They consist of a cylindrical box, a, closed at top and bottoni, as at c, except that numerous pipe-holes,

nl, with tight walls or sides and joints. are made from top to bottom.

Below the bottom face, Vthe cylindrical sides a project downward a short distance, so as to form a flange, a. In the centre ofthe bottom face is cast a pipe, f, its upper end projecting about half way up 4toward the upper face, and its lower end projecting downward tar enough to pass through a tubular opening, which is left at the centre of each upper face, as shown at g.

In the lower boiler-chamber, however, the pipe f projects downward through the lire-chamber A, grate b, ash-pit b', and enters the water-chamber C, as shown in fig. 2.

v The upper ends of the pipes f are open, and the lower ends closed, butsmall holes, e,are made in the sides, near the lower ends, for purposes presently to be explained.

This boiler-chambel, as shown in tig. 3, is made in one piece at a single casting, or, if so preferred, may be forged,with water-tight joints, of wrought-iron, and virtually consists ofla'n outer shell, a, and inner shells, d, the two being united by the top and bottom faces c. The pipes d are made small, and in large number.

The spaces h, betweenthe pipes d, constitute the inside of 4the boiler-chamber, or, in other words, the water and steam-spaces required in generating steam.

The steam-generator is built up of these to any required, height. lhe joints between them are made tight, if need be, by luting or packing. The lower end of each pipe f then enters the next boiler-chamber below, but not so far as to close the upper open' end of the next pipe f below. The heated air, smoke,` gases of combustion, 85e., from 'the lire in the lire-chamber A, then pass upward through the pipes d and chambers m.

The water introduced at the uppermostpipe j, as

presently to be explained, passes out from it through the holes e, in small jets or streams, into the waterchamber or spaces h, fills them up to the level of the upper open end of the next lower pipe f, flows down it, out'again, n tine jets, thrcughthe holes e, filling the water-space hin the boiler-chamber next below,

and so on, from chamber to chamber, till, by the lowest pipe f, it passes through the fire on thc grate b, and dows out into the lowest water-chamber O.

Thus the water fed in at the top, as it flows down, is brought into contact with a series of heating-surfaces of great extent, in proportion to the amount of water, and of a gradually-increasing temperature, the lower chambers, of course, being the hottest. In this way steam is generated with great rapidity, especially in the lower chambers. It is by a steam-pipe or pipes, of the usual or any known construction, then conducted to the cylinder of the engine, or -applied to other desired uses.

But as some of the water will pass into the lower chamber C without being vapor-ized, and as a continuous flow is kept up, I throw the excess of water, by'a force-pump or other suitable contrivance, out of the i chamber C, up again into the uppermost pipe f, whence it iiows down from chamber to chamber, as already described, and being already at a high temperature, it is vaporized with much greater rapidity than before.

Any suitable pumping-device may be employed, that shown in the drawing consisting of a pump-barrel, u, and piston, n', with connecting-pipes, ofo', one leading to the lower chamber C, and the other to the upper boilerchamber, so arranged that the upward stroke of the piston n' shall draw the Water from the chamber G and discharge it into the spaces h of the upper chamber. But in order to supply the loss of water occasioned by evaporation, I feed in fresh water at any desirable point, either by an injector or force-pump,

directly into thel chamber C, or by a pipe connected with thev pump-barrel n. Then, by a cock, s, on the pipe o, and a similar cock on thecold-water pipe, I can regulate the supply, and pump up hot or cold Water at braced bythe pipes d, 'which extend from one to the 1 other.

Second, in proportion to the amount of heating-surface which they give, they are cheaply made.

Third, if any one of the chambers becomes injured or impaired, it can be quickly and easily removed, and a new one put in its place. I

Fourth, itis compactly made, and is portable when nished,.or can be easily taken apart, moved from place to place, and as easily put up again.v

It will also be observed that the heating-summe, as well as the strength of the different chambers, is largely increased by making the `chambers separate, with smoke and hot-air chambers 'm between.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A series of tubular boiler-chambers, a a af a', c on-` ne'cted together one above the other, with hot-air and combustion-chambers between, and all arranged over and connected with a furnace, whereby, when in operation, a current of hot air and unconsumed. gases of combustible material will pass in one direction, and steam and Water in the other direction, substantially as shown and described.

2. Steam and water-chamber C, below and around the {ire-space of furnace A, connected with aseries of tubular boiler-chambers above said 'furnace by pipes f and o, constructed substantially as hereinbefore eX- plained. v

3. Pipes o'o, and pump n, arranged with relation to chamber C and upper tubular chambers a, for carrying or forcing back from the lowest of a series of steamgenerating chambers to the highest, the unvaporized Water and condensed' steam, so as to pass it again through the steam-generatin g process, substantially as hereinbefore specied.

In testimony whereof, I, the said CHARLES H. HALL, have hereunto set'my hand.

CHARLES H.- HALL.

Witnesses ELL ToRnANcn, G. H. CHRISTY.

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