US859938A - Blower-pump. - Google Patents

Description

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- i A. M. Gow.

BLOWER PUMP. APPLIATION FILED SERT. 2, 1903.

PATENTED JULY-16,1907.

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FHL/TO LIU-H2 by SACKETT WllHELMS CORP N Y No. 859,938. PATENTD JULY 16,1907. f .A. M. Gow.

BLOWER PUMP.

APPLIOATIO FILED SEPT. 2, 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED JULY 19, 1907.

A. M. 90W.

BLOWERPUMP.'` v APPLIOAVTION I ILED SEPT. 2, 1903.

@MRM/wade@ Law fR-m1- PATENTED JULY 16,

I Al Ml BLOWER PUMP.

lA`PPLI0T10N FILED SEPT. 2, 1903.

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@Hom/w 1d UNITED STATES ihfrifzivn OFFI.

ALEXANDER M. GOW, OF EDGEWOOD PARK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- ll/IENTS, TO THE WESTINGIIOUSE MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL- VANIA.

.lllower-Pu1nps,`of which the l'ollowing is a spccilica-- tion. p

The object of the present invention is to provide means whereby a volume of vfluid can be vmoved in a straight line with`- an accelerated motion from minimum to `maximum velocity by the actionuponit of a. constant force, it being well known that if a moving body be acted upon by such a force it receives a constant acceleration. In embodying my invention, I make use of certain novel features of design, employingr the well Vknown disk fan'or screw propeller to cause the -niotion of the llnid, When the invention is applied'tofthe moving to cause an accelerated movement of water in a straight successive units of time.

line the apparatus would be called apnmp. Bya reversal ofthe action best adapted to propel air or other similar fluid, the apparatus might be utilized as a steam tiirbine,-as will appear further on.

' In order toset forth clearly the principles of my invention, 1 have in some'instances made use of a number of diagrams illustrating the action of a moving v lparticle :ir-ted upon by a constant force. I have also shown views of an apparatus adapted to carry out th principles of my invention. i

Inthe drawings, Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4', represent diagrams of the character above described; and Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate shapes of pipes which can be utilized in carrying out the invention; and Fig. '-7 shows in ser-tion a form of apparatus adapted to. do the work contemplated. by the invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, the lines o e may represent the path of amovin'g, particle acted upon by--a consta'nt force and startii'ig from a state of rest. The lines o-a, a b, b c, c d, d representthe dis-5 tances passed over in successive-units of time. A

AThe lines 0 1, 1 2, 2 3, 3 4, and 4 5 represent It is evident thatif the quadrangle o 5 p"' a were moved to the left at a -constant Velocity at the instant the particle p started to move, the particle p would describe inthe quadrangle the curve o p pp3 p" p5. This curve in reality illustrates the relative velocity'between the accelerated particleand the uniformly moving quadrangle but may bp designated as a velocity curve, and will be sodesignated throughout the present specification. It is clear that this curve could be continued to infinity.l i

Specification of Letters Patent.

iippiimion inea septembr 2,1903. senti No. 171,595.

BLOWER-PUMP.

Referring now to Fig. 2, let us assume the particle p tobe a ball acted upon by gravity, and that the distances o a,`a b, b c, c d and d e are respectively 16.08, 48.24, 80.40, 112.56 and 144.72 feet, which are the distances passed through by a falling body insuccessve seconds of time. Let 0 1, 1 2, 2 3, 3 4 and 4 5, represent successive seconds of time. The scale is 16.08A feet to-a divisori. If, now, the figure o 5 p-" e be moved to the left at any' rate as for example 160.80 feet per second, .the ball p will move relative to the figure o 5 p" c along a curve p pf'.

Fig. 3 illustratesa different set of conditions. By

the uniform nioveineiit'ol the ligure o p5 5, we

desire, in this instance, to transmit to the ball p a constantly accelerated inotionalong the path o e.

i This represents the conditions in tlie case ol a disk fan or screw propeller. If the ball p were guided in a slot so that it could not deviate from tliestiaight line, it is evident that a constant acceleration would be transmitted to it in a line at right angles to the motion of the quadrangle if it were caused to move relative to the quadrangle al ng afline 0 105, which corresponds with the velocity!3 curve ol' Figs. 1 and' 2. If the right' line motion of the ball along the slot o c were transmitted by a series of blades or ridges irinlyto the' curve of ridges at .the point of Contact and it' follows that there would be an iiicreased tendency to jcause the ballto'deviate from the straight line o c and to assume a. path at an angle to it.

As has already been stated, however, 'it is the purpose of this invention to utilize the action of a disk fan or screw propeller to cause a fluid-to receive a constant acceleration in a stiaiglitlinc, it is evidcnt'howcver that 'if a strean'i of `Water or air flowing along'a pipe has any motion except inline with the axis of the pipe, such as a spiral motion, there is a loss' of energy and efficiency proportional to the lateral or spiial motion.

.To correct the constant and increasing tendency of a moving particle, driven by the ridge corresponding in position to the velocity curve, 7 to deviate from' a straight line, it is proposed to` cut the ridge into 'seg- Iatented July 1`6, 1997.

ments, and to. introduce between the segments stastationary blades, 6, 6, as shown, these blades being at right angles to thc line ol' motion of the segments. It

hold the stationary blades. Under such circumstances,

particles ot matter acted upon by the segments or moving blades, 7, 7, 7, 7,\7, 7, receive a certain velocit-)fand leave t-he blades not in a line at right angles t'o the plane oi rotation, but in a line normal to each of the blades.

- The stationary blades (i, 6, 6,6, serve to change their direction and deliver them to the second series of moving blades, 8, S, S, 8,8, 8, in aline atri-ight angles tothe pla-ne of rotation. The blades 8, S, 'accelerato the velocity ofthe moving .particles and the next succeeding series ol stationary blades (i, li, correct their angular-ity of motion until finally the particles are discharged between the blades 6, 6, shown at the bottom ol' Fig. 4, at the desired velocity and in a line parallel to the axis of rotation. While this arrangement provides f or the delivery of the moving particles in the manner indicatori, yet it is evident that if the casing inclosing the revolving parts were oi uniform cross section, the stream ot' particles would have to enter the casing at the saine ve locity at which they were discliarged'in order to keep the casing lull. To insure that .each series ol blades shall add to the moving stream its-increment of velocity, the area ot' the cross section through which the.

. stream is flowing must decrease as the velocity ini Fig. 5 illustrates at 2() the shape of the pipe whose cross sectional area decreases in proportion to the increase in velocity due toa .constant torce.

vFig. 6 shows at 2l a similar illustration of a casing having mounted in it the stationary blades, 22, 22, and movable blades, 23, 23. The casing decreases in cross sectional area as the velocity increases andthe successive series of blades increase in pitch in vproportion to the acceleration; and between the members of each series .of movable blades are. arranged the stationary blades fory the purpose described. It isievident, however, that in the arrangement illustrated in Fig. (i, the centrifuga-l f orqe would canse the fluid to press against the casingvand the contraction ot the walls would acccntuate this and cause a loss of eflieiency. This is corrected by the organization illustrated in 7 where is illustrated an eficient apparatus for/ accomplishing the purposes of my invention. The casing,

24, in lhis instance is made straight, and the number of l creases in proportion as'the velocitaT of the stream inis proposed to mount these segments radially upon a I rotating shaft inclosed in a casing, which casing shall i creases. The blades 23, 23, are mounted in series upon the cone, 25, and are ol' such a curvature that together they would form theproper "velocity curve.

Between the membersv of each successive series of movable blades are mounted stationary blades, 2%, 2S. the same being rigidly attached to the casing 24. Any desired number of-inovable and stationary blades may form a series.. To avoid complication inlthe drawiug,

4that the water would be forced through the apparatus at a constantly accelerated velocity. until discharged at the outlet, 30. Similarly, when operating as a tan, air

'would be forced through at aconstanti y increasing rale ot speed. Used either'asa blower or a pump, the principles remain the same, although the number and shape of the. blades may be altered to suit different conditions.

Bya reversal of the action under conditions which would torce steam in a direction reverse to that indicated in the foregoing, the apparatus might serve the purposes of a steam turbine, as will 'be readily understood.

l claim as' my invention:-

1. A rotary uid compressor comprising a stationary casing. a rotor mounted within said casingzn Huid pass "e between said casing,r and said roior decreasin;:; .in cr ssectional area in the direction of the fluid flow and in direct proportion to the desired increase in ud velocity, alternate annular rows of propeller blades and guide -vanes located in said passage and mounted on said rotor and casinar rcsjwctively. the propeller blades increasing.: in pitch in the direction of the fluid tion' so that the workint." faces ot' thc blades conform in position to the vclocitiy 'curve or' the huid.

2. A rotary fluid motor comprising a stationary casing', a rotor mounted within said casing, a t'luid pas "e hclwcen 'said easing and said rotor decreasing in cross-sectional aren in the direction of the fluid flow and in direct proportion to the desired increase in fluid velocity, alternate annular rows of propeller blades and guide vanes located in said passage and mounted on said rotor and said casing' respectively, the propeller blades increasing in pitch in the direction of the fluid iiow so that the workng'faccs of theblades conform in position to the velocity curveof the fluid and the zuillc vanos arranged so thatl their working faces are parallel to the axis of the rotor.

Signed at. New York. in the county of New York. and State of New York, this 25th, day of August. A. l), 1mm.

ALEXANDER M. il(

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