US8592A - Improvement in mineral composition resembling jasper - Google Patents
Improvement in mineral composition resembling jasper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8592A US8592A US8592DA US8592A US 8592 A US8592 A US 8592A US 8592D A US8592D A US 8592DA US 8592 A US8592 A US 8592A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- jasper
- improvement
- mineral composition
- composition resembling
- resembling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000010978 jasper Substances 0.000 title description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/16—Oxides
- C30B29/22—Complex oxides
- C30B29/26—Complex oxides with formula BMe2O4, wherein B is Mg, Ni, Co, Al, Zn, or Cd and Me is Fe, Ga, Sc, Cr, Co, or Al
Definitions
- This composition is made by the fusion of clay with alkaline matter and coloring substances.
- the clay employed is a silicate of alumina mixed with lime and oxide of iron.
- This material having been first thoroughly dried and pulverized,is'mixed with alkali soda and lime in the proportions of one hundred pounds of clay, thirty pounds of soda-ash, and ten pounds of slaked lime. These proportions may be somewhat varied without substantially varying the result, and other alkalies may be substituted for the alkali soda; but I prefer that alkali and the above-stated proportions of materials.
- the mixture thus made, which constitutes the batch of the composition is
- the proportion of the sulphate of copper may be varied according as the colors are required to be more or less deep.
- Other forms of copper also may be used as substitutes for the sulphate to produce these effects 5 but the latter is the most available and convenient.
- the metal thus produced is worked into various articles of utilityand ornament by wellknown mechanical processes and the. annealing operations familiar to workers in vitreous metal.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JOHN PAIGE PEPPER, OF NENV BRITAIN, CONNEGTIO UT.
IMPROVEMENT IN MINERAL COMPOSITION RESEMBLING JASPER. Q
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 8,592, dated December 16, 1851.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JOHN PAIGE PEPPER, of New Britain, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, formerly of Albany, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Mineral Oomposition,.which I call Argillo-Stone, capable of being manufac tured into various articles of utility and ornament, and possessing the following external characters, to wit: variegated colors distributed into clouds, spots, and figures, approaching the aspects of jasper, plain jaspery colors sometimes being produced without variegations, a vitreous luster, and breaking into sharp translucent edges and conchoidal opaque surfaces; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the materials of the said composition, and of the process of m aking the same, as invented by m".
This composition is made by the fusion of clay with alkaline matter and coloring substances. The clay employed is a silicate of alumina mixed with lime and oxide of iron. This material, having been first thoroughly dried and pulverized,is'mixed with alkali soda and lime in the proportions of one hundred pounds of clay, thirty pounds of soda-ash, and ten pounds of slaked lime. These proportions may be somewhat varied without substantially varying the result, and other alkalies may be substituted for the alkali soda; but I prefer that alkali and the above-stated proportions of materials. The mixture thus made, which constitutes the batch of the composition, is
fused and vitrified in glass-house pots, employ ing for this purpose a glass-house furnace runnin g with ordinary heat. The processes are then continued as follows: sulphate of copper or blue vitriol, in the proportion of one pound of the vitriol to two hundred pounds of the batch, is thrown into the pots containing the melted material, and, becoming disseminated through the metal, produces the variegation of color which characterizes the jasper-stone.
The proportion of the sulphate of copper may be varied according as the colors are required to be more or less deep. Other forms of copper also may be used as substitutes for the sulphate to produce these effects 5 but the latter is the most available and convenient.
The metal thus produced is worked into various articles of utilityand ornament by wellknown mechanical processes and the. annealing operations familiar to workers in vitreous metal.
What I claim as my lIlVeiltlOH, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
The manufacture of a mineral composition, having the external characters above described, by the fusion of clay with alkali soda, lime, and sulphate of copper, as above described, or their equivalents, and working the composition into articles of utility and ornament in the manner above described.
JOHN PAIGE PEPPER.
\Vitnesses:
F. S. MYER, H. E. RUssELL.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US8592A true US8592A (en) | 1851-12-16 |
Family
ID=2068915
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US8592D Expired - Lifetime US8592A (en) | Improvement in mineral composition resembling jasper |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8592A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021041678A1 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | Qilu Puget Sound Biotherapeutics Corporation | Anti-cd20 antibodies, anti-cd37 antibodies, and mixtures thereof |
-
0
- US US8592D patent/US8592A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021041678A1 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | Qilu Puget Sound Biotherapeutics Corporation | Anti-cd20 antibodies, anti-cd37 antibodies, and mixtures thereof |
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