US857947A - Chuck. - Google Patents

Description

PATENT-BD JUNE 25, 1907.

No. 857,947, Y

J.- A. LELAND.

CHUCK. APPLICATION FILED 1330.5, 190e.

2] J0 JJ J W/T/VESSES.-

ATTORNEYS UETTEE sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

JOHN A. LELAN D, OF MILLERS FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSTGN OR OF ONE- HALF TO HERBERT J. LELAND AND ONE-HALF TO THE MILLERS' FALLS OO., BOTH OF MILLERS FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS.

CHUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 25, 1907.

.710 @ZZ whom, 25 may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. LELAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Mil- `lers Falls, in the county of Franklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Chuck, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to a chuck for lathes and analogous uses, which is of that type having jaws that are free to adjust themselves into parallelism or inclined relation during the tightening of the chuck for gripping drills or other tools having variously shaped butt ends, such a chuck being disclosed in my ending application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 290,034, filed Dec. 2, 1905.

The invention has for one of its objects to improve and simplify the construction of chucks of this character so as to comprise comparatively few parts that are relativelyr simple and inexpensive to make, and capable of being made in part, at least, by automatic machinery.

A further object of the invention is to provide a simple form of stock and follower for the aws, in connection with a spring which possesses the twofold function of yieldingly holding the jaws apart and of retaining the jaws in the follower.

Another object is to construct a device of the class referred to in which the parts can be substantially constructed of steel and hardened so as to have good wearing qualities andso designed as to produce a tenacious grip on a drill, bit, or other tool used therewith.

In the accompanying drawing, which illustrates one of the embodiments ofthe invention, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the chuck. Fig. 2 is a similar view taken on the plane at right angles to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the stock of the chuck, drawn on a slightly enlarged scale. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the jaw members. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the follower. Fig.

Gis a transverse section on line 6-6 of Fig. 1. Corresponding parts in the several figures are indicated throughout by similar characters of reference.

Referring to the drawing, 1 designates the stock of thegchuck which is reducedatgitsuu pper end to form a shank 2 for connection with any form of boring machine, lathe, or the like, and, if desired, the shank may be integrally connected with a brace or similar device. The exterior of the body portion of the stock is provided with a square thread 3 on which screws the clamping sleeve 4. The end of the stock opposite from the shank is longitudinally slotted in a central plane to form the jaw receiving chamber 5, and the said end is provided with a frusto-conical taper, as 6, to fit the corresponding taperedend 7 of the clamping sleeve.

In the chamber 5 is mounted a follower, designated generally by 8, in which the jaws 9 are mounted. The follower comprises a pair of parallel plates 10 which are spaced apart by means of the shouldered rivet 11 at the upper ends of the plates. These plates iit between the two parallel walls 12 of the chamber 5, and the follower is held in the stock and prevented from moving laterally out of the chamber 5 by means of the clamping sleeve 4. The vertical edges 13 of the plates 10 are rounded to conform to the interior of the sleeve 4, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The lower ends of the plates 10 of the follower are each provided with an inverted V-shaped recess formed by the symmetrically inclined surfaces 14. On the opposed faces of the two plates 10 are the oppositely disposed transversely extending grooves 15.

The follower is assembled in the upper end of the chamber 5 with the top ends of the plates 10 bearing against the top wall 16 of said chamber. The aws 9 are each formed at their upper ends with a tongue 17 which is disposed between the plates 10 of the follower, and at the base of the tongue the jaw is provided with the rounded shoulders 18. The shoulders 18 are adapted to move along the inclined surfaces 14 of the follower. By this means, the jaws, as they are moved longitudinally by the clamping sleeve 4, are free to move toward each other and assume a parallel relation, or an inclined relation, according to the shape of the butt end of the tool being inserted into the chuck. The lower ends of the jaws are beveled and rounded at 19 to conform to the conical taper 7 of the sleeve. The grippingfaces 2O of the jaws mayLbe shaped in anytapprovedjman'ner.

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The aws are held in the follower by the helical compression spring 21, so that the latter has the twofold function of yieldingly holding the jaws apart and retaining them in position. For this purpose, the opposed faces of the tongue 17 are recessed at 22 to receive the ends of the compression spring, which spring is arranged between the plates 1() of the follower and disposed with its axis at right angles to the axis of the stock. The compression spring is of such a diameter as to enter the grooves 15 of the follower plates. NVhile the spring is capable of freely contracting and expanding in these grooves, it is incapable of moving out of the grooves in a direction at right angles to the length of the spring. The spring thus operates as a key for preventing the jaws from dropping out of the follower. The recesses 22 are slightly longer than the diameter of the spring, so as to permit of a limited movement of the aws independently of the spring.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, the advantages of the construction and of the method of operation will be readily understood. Furthermore, the chuck is of comparatively simple and inexpensive construction and is composed of only six parts, namely, the stock 1, sleeve 4, follower 8, jaws 9 and spring 21. In operation, the jaws 9 are free to range themselves in parallelism, or incline toward each other, by reasonof the shoulders 18 engaging the inclined surfaces 14 of the follower. By screwing the clamping sleeve inwardly, the conical end 7 thereof engages the tapered portions 19 of the jaws and forces the jaws longitudinally in an inward direction. The shoulders 18 ride along the inclined surfaces 14, while the jaws move toward each other to clamp a tool, and the spring 21 is compressed under this movement of the jaws. /Vhen the clamping sleeve 5 is unscrewed, the spring 21 expands and causes the jaws to move apart. As the jaws move apart, the inclined surfaces 14 cause them to be advanced outwardly so as to release the tool and permit it to be taken from the chuck.

1 have described the principle of operation of the invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to be the best embodiment thereof, but l desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative, and that various changes may be made, when desired, as are within the scope of the claims.

That is claimed is 1. A chuck embodying a stock having a portion provided with a passage extending transversely of the axis of the stock, a pair of clamping jaws having their inner and outer ends movable bodily toward and from one another to permit the jaws to occupy different relative positions in parallelism,

the inner ends of the jaws resting in a transversely extending passage, and a device normally operating to separate the inner ends of the jaws and serving to limit their longitudinal movement.

2. A chuck embodying a stock having a portion provided with a passage extending transversely of the axis of the stock, the walls of the passage being provided with oppositely disposed grooves, a pair of clamping jaws having their inner ends resting in said passage and `movable bodily toward and from one another and cooperating with the walls of the passage as guides, and a helical compression spring normally operating to separate the inner ends of the jaws and cooperating with the grooves to limit the longitudinal movement of the jaws.

3. A chuck embodying a stock provided with a longitudinal slot, a follower mounted in said slot and having a pair of cooperatively arranged grooves extending transversely of the axis of the stock, the forward portion of the follower being provided with inwardly inclined surfaces, jaws mounted in the stock having shoulders arranged to cooperate with the inclined surfaces of the follower, and provided with longitudinal recesses at their proximate sides, the inner ends of the jaws being movable bodily toward and from one another, a helical spring engaging in said transverse grooves and cooperating at its ends with the recessed portions of said jaws to normally press the rear ends of the latter outwardly and permit a limited longitudinal movement thereof relatively to the follower, and means for operating the jaws.

4. A chuck embodying a stock, a follower therein having a transversely extending passage, the walls of the latter having oppositely disposed grooves formed therein, clamping jaws having their inner ends guided to operate in said passage in a direction transversely of the axis of the stock and movable bodily toward and from one another, the inner sides ofthe jaw ends being provided with longitudinally extending recesses, and a helical compression spring having its ends loosely engaging in the recesses of the inner ends of the jaws and cooperating with the grooves to limit the longitudinal movement of the jaws.

5. A chuck embodying a stock, afollower fitted therein and having a passage extending transversely therethrough, the walls of the passage being provided with grooves extending to the exterior of the stock, and the forward edges of the follower having inwardly inclined surfaces, a pair of clamping jaws having shoulders thereon cooperating with the inclined surfaces of the follower, and having reduced inner ends adapted to operate relatively toward and from one another within the transverse passage of the follower, a helical spring adapted to be in- ICO IIO

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serted in the said grooves by a relative longitudinal movement and normally operating to separate the inner ends of the jaws, and

` a clamping sleeve mounted on the exterior of the stock and concealing the ends of the passage and grooves.

6. A chuck comprising a stock, a follower therein provided With a longitudinal slot Whose Walls have opposed grooves and With inclined faces at the slotted end, jaws each having curved shoulders abutting the inclined faces of the follower and tongues laterally movable in the slot and each provided with a longitudinally elongated recess7 a helical compression spring disposed trans' versely of the slot and engaging in the 0pposed grooves thereof and loosely extending into the recesses of the tongues to permit of a limited longitudinal movement of the jaw members independently of the spring, and a clamping sleeve encompassing the stock and jaW members and having a threaded engagement With the stock.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aiiixed my signature in the presence of tWo Witnesses.

JGHN A. LELAND. Witnesses:

F. A. FOSTER, W. J. RrsT.

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