US856979A

US856979A - Transit.

Info

Publication number: US856979A
Application number: US32280506A
Authority: US
Inventors: Max Munzner
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1906-06-22
Filing date: 1906-06-22
Publication date: 1907-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 1924-06-11

Description

N0. 856,9'79. PATENTED JUNE Il, 1907..l

M. MUNZNBR. TRANSIT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22,1906.

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No. 856,979. PATENTED JUNE l1, 1907.

M. MUNZNER. TRANSIT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22,1966.

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No. 856,979. PATENTED JUNE ll, 1907.

M. MUNZNBR.

TRANSIT.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22, 1908.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

TRANSIT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1907.

Application filed June 22.1906. Serial No. 322,805.

To LI/ZZ whom, 7115 riz/(Ly concern:

Be it known that I,`i\flAx MUNZNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Transits, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of transits on which attachments are used for the performing of the different operations for which such instruments are made.

IIeretofore it has been necessary to carry and use dillerent attachments of weighty and cumbrous construction to perform the different operations which devolve upon the civil engineer, and in some cases it has been necessary to carry more than one instrument, entailing extra trouble and expense.

It is of the objects of my invention to provide an instrument which will with the minimum number of attachments, enable an en gineer to perform several operations.

It is of the objects of my invention to provide a transit which may be used as a common transit, or used with a top telescope, or used with a solar attachment, or with a side telescope.

It is further the object of my invention to provide an instrument which may be used in the several combinations hercinbefore set forth with as few attachments as possible.

It is also the object of my invention to make the different parts of the transit interchangeable for the purpose of reducing the number and weight of extra parts. This interchangeability also allows of the use of the powerful. main telescope for the auxiliary uses.

In the drawings :#Figure 1- is a right side elevation of my transit with the telescope in the ordinary position as a main telescope. Fig. 2% is a central vertical section on the line 2w2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3- is a central vertical section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 with the telescope in the central position. Fig. 4wis a plan view with the telescope in the main position. Fig. 54 is a left side elevation with the telescope .in position as a top telescope. Fig. 6- is a central longitudinal section of a solar attachment with the telescope in place. Fig. 7- isa side elevation of the saine. Fig. 8.# is an elevation of a modiied form of solar attachment.

In the drawings 10 represents a telescope of ordinary construction the casing of which is provided with a central squared portion 11 upon three sides of which are bearing rings 12 which serve, as will be hereafter explained, to Inount the telesco )e on the diil'erent parts of the instrument w iich are prepared for its reception, thereby enabling the performance of di'll'erent functions. Concentric with rings 12 and in the squared portion of the casing are holes 13 which are screw threaded for the reception of threaded

bolts

14 and 14. Bolt 14 is carried in an arm 15 projecting at right angles to the main axis 16, which axis is hollow. In. the main axis at the inner end of this arm 15 and on the vertical axis of the instrument is an annular recess 17 in which the bearing ring 12 of the telescope is adapted to lit. Bolt 14 extends downwardly through the length of arm 15 and has on its bottom end head 1S which serves as a shoulder when the bolt is screwed tight into the telescope. Bearings 19 are provided on the arm 15 on each side of the axis to center the telescope in the proper position.

In the outer end of arm 15 is an annular recess 2O similar to the recess 17 into which the bearing ring 12 of the telescope fits when it is desired to use the telescope as a top telescope, as is best shown Vin Fig. 5. Bolt 14 is then used to clamp the telescope to the top end of the arm 15, the head of the bolt being at the inner end of the arm. The head of this bolt carries an extension with a counterweight 14 which balances the weight of the telescope.

Inside the main axis 1G and concentric therewith is a hollow secondary axis 21 which is constructed in two sections 21. and 21, extending on each side of the central recess 22 which receives the telescope when it is in the main position. Section 21 of secondary axis 21 has an annular llange 23 upon its outer end upon which are mounted vernier 24 and tangent screw 25. Vernier 24 is clamped to the secondary axis by means of thumb Init 26, and tangent screw 25 is clamped to the axis by means of thumb Init 27. Outside the tangentI screw is nut 28 for the purpose of holding the vernier and tangent screw against longitudinal motion on the secondary axis. Vertical circle 29 is mounted on the main axis 16 so that vernier 24 will indicate the relative movement be- ICO tween the main axis and the secondary axis Aif so required. Tangent 25 is attached by arm 25 to counter-weight 40 of bolt 36 so that vernier 24 may be finely adjusted thereby on the vertical circle 29.

On the right hand side of the main axis is mounted a tangent screw of ordinary construction which connects the main axis with the standards 31 of the instrument. Section 21 of the secondary axis 21 is connected with the main axis 16 through arm 21 which extends in the usual manner into tangent 32 which is clamped to section 21 by thumb nut 33. On the outer end of section 21 is an annular depression 34, similar to the annular depressions heretofore described, which is adapted to receive one of the side rings 12 of the telescope. Secondary axis 21 has a longitudinal bore 35 to receive counterweighted bolt 36 which passes through the secondary axis and has on its end the screw threaded portion 37 which screws into hole 13 on the telescope. Bolt36 has a shoulder 38, and bore 35 is reduced in size where it passes through section 21, `so that, when bolt 36 is screwed up tight into the telescope, shoulder 33 bears against face 39 of section 31. Bolt 36 is provided with counterweight 40 to balance the instrument when the telescope is secured to the end of the secondary axis and used as a side telescope, or as a solar telescope.

ln Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown a solar attachment 41 adapted to fit on the end of the secondary axis. Arms 42 extending upwardly on attachment 41 are suitably spaced to receive between them telescope 10 and have mounted in them screws 43 which screw into opposite holes 13 of the squared portion of the telescope. Rings 12 bear against the inner faces 44 of the arms 42 and shoulder 45 bears against surface 46 on the squared portion of the telescope. Axis 47 extends downwardly from the arms 42 and fits into sleeve 48 being held in said sleeve by nut 49 and shoulder 47. Sleeve 43 is provided with an annular surface 50 and a screw threaded hole 5 1 concentric therewith adapted to receive the screw threaded end portion of bolt 36. l/Vhen the solar attachment is mounted on the side of the instrument in a manner similar to that in which the telescope is mounted on the side and telescope 10 is mounted between the arms 42, the telescope has a vertical movement on the'axis formed by the screws 43, a horizontal movement on axis 47, and a vertical movement on the secondary axis of the instrument; in short all the necessary movements of a solar.

In Fig. 8 I have'shown a modified form of solar attachment which fits on the arm 15, having an axis 53 which rotates in the bore of the arm. Nut 54 and shoulder 55 hold the axis against longitudinal movement. This form of solar may be used either with the arm 15 below or above the main axis as shown in Figs. 1 and 5 respectively.

When it is desired to use the telescope in the ordinary manner as main telescope tan- Orent screw 3() is used in the ordinary manner for the fine adjustment. The readings are then taken on vernier 52 attached to the frame of the instrument. When the telescope is used as a top telescope the same tangent and vernier are used for adjustment and reading. When the telescope is used as a side `telescope tangent 32 is used for the fine adjustment between the secondary axis and the main axis. Vernier 24 is clamped to the secondary axis and adjusted to the vertical circle by means of tangent screw 25. Section 21 of the secondary axis turns with section 21 as both are locked to bolt 36, motion being transferred along the secondary axis whereby vertical circle 2Q moves with main axis 16 and vernier 24 moves with secondary axis 21 so that the relative movement between the main axis and the secondary axis may be read on vernier 24. the solar attachment is used the adjustments are made in the same manner and the vertical readings are accomplished on either-vernier.

It will thus be seen that by providing a telescope with a simple attachment and providing the axes with recesses in different positions adapted to receive the telescope I am enabled to use the same instrument for operations which would ordinarily require the use of separate instruments. It will also be seen that this is accomplished without. the use of any parts which are complicated and cumbersome and with the use of a minimum number of extra parts.

Having described my invention what I claim is 1. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame means for locking the main axis to the frame; a secondary axis concentrically mounted in the main axis; a telescope mounted on the secondary axis and means for indicating the relative movement between the two axes.

2. In a transit, a frame; an axis mounted in the frame a recess in the axis; a telescope; having an internally screw threaded socket in the casing thereof, the surface around the socket forming a bearing a bearing for the telescope on the axis; a bolt in the axis adapted to screw into the socket of the telescope.

3. In a transit, a frame an axis having a recess therein mounted in the frame; an arm on the axis below the recess 5 a telescope having a bearing surface adapted to fit in the recess ;v a bolt in the arm adapted to hold the telescope secured to the arm.

4. In a transit, a frame a main axis mounted in the frame, a secondary axis concentrically mounted inside the main axis 5 a When TOO

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telescope; and means to secure the telescope to the secondary axis.

5. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; a secondary axis concentrically mounted in the main axis; a bearing surface on the secondary axis; a telescope; a bearing surface on the telescope adapted to fit the bearing surface on the secondary axis; and a bolt in the secondary axis adapted to hold the two bearing surfaces together..

6. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; a secondary axis concentrically mounted in the main axis; a telescope mounted on one end of the secondary axis; and a counter-weight mounted on the other end of said secondary axis.

7. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; a secondary axis concentrically mounted in the main axis; a telescope mounted on the secondary axis; and means for indicating the relative movements between the two axes.

8. In a transit, a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; means for indicating the relative movement between the main axis and the frame; a secondary axis mounted concentric to the main axis; means for indicatingthe relative movement between the secondary and main axes; a telescope mounted on the secondary axis.

9. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; means for indicating the relative movement between the main axis and the frame; a sccondary axis; means for indicating the relative movement between the main and secondary axes; a plurality of bearing surfaces on the axes; a telescope having a plurality of bearing surfaces; and means for securing a bearing surface of the telescope against a bearing surface of the axes.

10. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; means for indicating the relative movement between the main axis and the frame; a secondary axis; means forindicating the relative movement between the main and secondary axes; a plurality of bearing surfaces on the axes; a telescope; a plurality of bearing surfaces on the telescope; means Vfor securing a bearing surface of the telescope against a bearing surface of the axes; and counter-weights adapted to balance the weight of the telescope.

11. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; means for indicating the relative movement between the main axis and the frame; a secondary axis; means forindicating the relative movement between the secondary and main axes; a bearing surface in the end of the secondary axis; a transverse axis; a bearing sleeve for the transverse axis; a telescope on the transverse axis; a bearing surface on the bearing sleeve; and means 'for holding the bearing surface of the sleeve and the bearing surface of the secondary axis together in alinement.

12. In a transit', a frame; a main axis mounted in the frame; means for indicating the relative movement between, and for locking together the main axis and the frame; a secondary axis concentrically mounted in the main axis; means for indicating the relative movement between and 'for locking together the two axes; bearing surfaces on the main axis; a bearing surface on the secondary axis; a telescope having a plurality of bearing surfaces adapted to lit into the bearing surfaces in the axes; counter\\'eigl1ted bolts in the axes and attached to the telescope to hold the same in alinement.

13. In a transit, a main axis provided with an arm extending at right angles thereto, said axis and arm having bearing recesses therein; and a telescope having a plurality of bearing lugs adapted to fit into the recesses in the axis and arm.

14. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; a secondary axis concentric to the main axis; and means for indicating the relative movement between the secondary axis and the frame.

15. In a transit; a frame; a main axis; means for indicating the relative movement between the main axis and the frame; a secondary axis; means for indicating the relative movement between the secondary and main axis; a bearing surface in the end ofthe secondary axis; a solar attachment secured to the bearing surface on the secondary axis.

16. In a transit, a frame; a main axis having a bearing recess therein; a solar attachment adapted to receive the main telescope; a main telescope on the solar attachment; a bearing surface on the solar attachment; and means for holding the two bearing surfaces together and a counter-weight to the solar attachment.

17. In a transit; a frame; a main axis; a perpendicular arm on the main axis; a solar attachment; a telescope on the solai' attachment; and means for securing the solar attachment to either end of the perpendicular arm.

1S. In a transit, a frame; a main axis; a perpendicular arm on the main axis having a longitudinal bore therein; a solar attachment; an axis on the solar attachment adapted to fit in the bore in the perpendicular arm; and means for reversibly securing the axis in the bore.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 14th day of June, 1906.

MAX MUNZNER.

IVitnesses:

'lniMBLn BARKELEW, EnMUNn A. S'rRAUsE.

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