US856647A - Explosive-engine. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED .TUNE ll, 1907. G, MAUD. EXPLOSIVE ENGIN APPLICATION FILED Immo, 1907.

TTU/8MS V5 PATENT@ JUNE 11, 1go?.

G. E. MAUD. XPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED umso, 1907 lf U CHARLES n.lMA'UD, or MQNTERRY, CALIFORNIA.

ExPLoSlvE-ENGINE..

4 no. sceau?.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1907.

Application filed January 30, 1907. Serial N- 354,884.

' To a/ZZ whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. MAUD, a

' citizen of the United States, residing at Monterey, in the county of Monterey and State of California, have invented a new and useful sjExplosive-lngine, of which the following isa specification.

l rl`his invention has reference to improvements in explosive engines, and it is directed `more particularly to the type of engines known as two-cycle engines.

The object of `the present invention 1s to provide a deliectofor the burned gases and tages of an auxiliary explosion chamber such as has been employed with .the hot-ball type of ignition.

-To this end the invention consists in a deflector of truste-conical shape carried by the explosion end of the engine, for receiving the incoming fresh air through suitable air-ports andl directing it central y to the ex losion chamber and in a-dii'ection toward t e rear thereof. The rear end of ,the explosion l chamber is formed to divert the incoming chamber intoan inwardly-directed cone so as air-stream along the outer walls of the explosion chamber and tothe exhaust port.

.By forming the rear end of the explosion to be coincident with or enter the rea'r of the deflector dome,-and by locating the ignitcr at the apex of this inwardly-projecting coneshaped end of the explosion'charnber cylinder, the-explosion takes place partially Within the dclector and the explosive mixture therefore burns with greater efficiency 'than it otherwise would. A

The invention will be fully nderstood from -the following description ta ren in con; nection with the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, in which,-

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the Working cylinder and crank case of a twocycle engine made in accordance with my invention, with the piston in position for the forward power stroke; and Fig. 2 is a similar view, with the piston at the completion of the power stroke, with the exhaust port and the air inlet ports open.

cylinder, and these Referring to the drawmgs, there is shown a cylinder 1 in which plays the piston 2 of an explosive engine, and at the front of the cyl* inder 1 there is provided a crank case 3 of usualtype which, although not so showing, is to be understood to be in communication with the external air. into this crank case extends a pitman et connected to the crank 5 carried by a shaft 6 in the usual manner. The shaft has bearings in the journal boxes 7 which, if desired, may terminate in packing glands 8.

It will be understood that in the drawings no attempt has been made to show the engine inl commercial form, the parts, as shown, being largely diagrammatic and all extraneous devices, including the usual cooling jackets, having been omitted.

The rear end 9 of the cylinder is curved and has centrally located therein an inward coneshaped projection 1() in the apex Aof which is located a sparking-plug 11, or other igniting device. The rear end of the head of the iston has formed thereon a cone-shaped proJection 12, the walls of which are curved inwardly but may, if desired, be made in the shape of a true-cone with straight walls... y

Carried by the rear end of the cylinder by means of bridge pieces 13 is a frusto-conical deflector 14 having its walls also curved inwardly and terminating in a mouth 15 of considerably less diameter than the diameter of the interior of the cylinder 1. In the drawings but two bridge ieccs 13 are shown but it will be undcrstoor that as many of these bridge pieces will be used as may be necessary. The base of the deilector 14 makes contact around its periphery withthe inner walls of the cylinder 1, but because of the bridge pieces 13 there is a broken annular space 16 left between the head of the cylinder and thc deflector 14'.

Located at a proper point to be normally closed by the piston and to be opened at the proper time :in the cycle of o eration are exhaust ports y17--17, preferaly two or more in number, and connected together through a conduit 18 extending around the )Orts communicate freely with an exhaust pipe 19 through which the burned gases are conveyed away.

Located farther toward the front end of the cylinder and immediately adjacent to the exhaust ports'17 are air-inlet ports 20, preferablyk' two tory more in number and, like the IOO IIO

exhaust ports, located-on opposite sides of the cylinder, although not necessarily so. Leading to these air-inlet ports are conduits 21 in free communication at their front ends with the interior of the crank case 3, as is usual in the two-cycle type of explosive engines.

Now, suppose the parts are in the Iposition shown in Fig. 1 and a compressed c explosive mixture'is behind the piston. A spark from 'the sparking-plug 11 will fire this charge and, because of the fact that the sparlring-plug is partially contained within the deflector 14, the combustion will be slightly retarded and it will take an appreciable time for the yexplosion to be completed. In the meantime the piston is moving forward under the explosive action of the burned gases and ultimately the annular space 16 between the deiiector' 14 and the head of the piston will reach the exhaust ports 17 and the burned gases will find an exit through the open mouth 15 of the delector 14 and through the exhaust ports 17. A still further forward movement of the piston will uncover the ports 17 to the gases exterior to the deiiector 14, and finally the annular edge of thexdeflector 14, where it is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 1, will have passed the ports 1'7, as shown in Fig. 2, at which time'the air-inlet ports 20 will be c0- incident with the annular space 16 between the deeetor 14 and the head of the piston. The air which has been compressed during this operation in the usual manner in the crank ease 3 now Hows. under this pressure through the ports 20 into the interior of the del'leetor 14 and is expelled through the opening 15 directly backward against the rear wall of the cylinder 1. This rear wall having an inverted 'conical axial projection, the incoming compressed air escaping from the mouth 15 on reaching this rear wall will be diverted toward the walls of the cylinder 1 and in a forward direction and ultimately finds exit through the exhaust ports 17, very thoroughly driving before it the burned gases of the previously exploded charge and thus scavengering the cylinder in a very perfect manner.

It will be understood that on the return moxgement of the piston a fresh charge of gas, or other suitable material for the purpose,

will be introduced into the explosion chamber to be mixed with the air and compressed and exploded again in the usual manner.

By my invention I avoid the formation of eddies within the explosion chamber which tend to form dead pockets of burned gases and to prevent the incoming rush of air from thoroughly clearing out the burned gases from' the explosion chamber; this is due to the fact that the incoming air is projected rearwardly arge of thereof to iiow, still under the impulse of the force of injection, in a forward direction toward the exit ports, so that a very much more thorough scavengering of the burned gases is accomplished than when the ordinary d efiector plates usually used on two-cycle englnes are employed. For this purpose the deflector plate 14 might be usedalone-buit the operation is made more efficient b the employment in connection with the de ester plate of the cone 12 having inwardlycurved walls whereby the space withinv the conce' shaped deflector is restrictedfso 'that the incoming air from the ports 20 willf-be-more effectually guided to the opening-15 and the pressure maintained to this oint, whereby the incoming air is projeete funnel, with force, directly rearward ina proximately the direction of the axis of thi explosion chamber.

I claim 1. `An explosive engine of the two-cycle type having a .working cylinder provided with an axial, inward, cone-shaped projeetion on its rear wall and provided with air inh let ports opening into said cylinder at. the'exas through a treme limit of' the power stroke of the-piston and with a free ex aust port adjacent `to the air ports, and a power piston contained in said cylinder and provided with'a hollow', frusto-conical air delectcr carried by but spaced from the rear wall of the piston and coacting with the cone-shaped projectionaon the rear wall ofthe cylinder to direct a scavengering charge of compressed air from the air orts rearward to the cone-shaped rear wal of the cylinder and thence'forward to the exhaust port.

2. In an explosive engine of the two-cycle type, a piston, a hollow air-deflector carried thereby, and means for igniting. a charge in the path of said air-deflector and arranged to enter the same when the charge is compressed for firing. A

3. In an explosive engine of the'two-cycle type, a piston, a hollow air-defieetor opening toward the rear, an explosion chamber having its rear wall provided with an inward axially-located cone-shaped projection, and an igniting device carried by said projection and arranged to enter the open end of the de Hector.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as Inv own, I have hereto afhxed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

l CHARLES E. MAUD. n Witnesses:

AUG. E. Correas, W. E. PARKER.

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