US8562295B1 - Three piece bonded thin wall cooled blade - Google Patents
Three piece bonded thin wall cooled blade Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8562295B1 US8562295B1 US12/972,761 US97276110A US8562295B1 US 8562295 B1 US8562295 B1 US 8562295B1 US 97276110 A US97276110 A US 97276110A US 8562295 B1 US8562295 B1 US 8562295B1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- piece
- pressure
- suction
- blade
- intermediate piece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related, expires
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/187—Convection cooling
- F01D5/188—Convection cooling with an insert in the blade cavity to guide the cooling fluid, e.g. forming a separation wall
- F01D5/189—Convection cooling with an insert in the blade cavity to guide the cooling fluid, e.g. forming a separation wall the insert having a tubular cross-section, e.g. airfoil shape
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/186—Film cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/187—Convection cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/187—Convection cooling
- F01D5/188—Convection cooling with an insert in the blade cavity to guide the cooling fluid, e.g. forming a separation wall
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/4932—Turbomachine making
- Y10T29/49321—Assembling individual fluid flow interacting members, e.g., blades, vanes, buckets, on rotary support member
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/49336—Blade making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/49336—Blade making
- Y10T29/49339—Hollow blade
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
- Y10T29/49336—Blade making
- Y10T29/49339—Hollow blade
- Y10T29/49341—Hollow blade with cooling passage
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to gas turbine engine, and more specifically to a thin wall cooled turbine rotor blade.
- a hot gas stream generated in a combustor is passed through a turbine to produce mechanical work.
- the turbine includes one or more rows or stages of stator vanes and rotor blades that react with the hot gas stream in a progressively decreasing temperature.
- the turbine inlet temperature is limited to the material properties of the turbine, especially the first stage vanes and blades, and an amount of cooling capability for these first stage airfoils.
- the first stage rotor blade and stator vanes are exposed to the highest gas stream temperatures, with the temperature gradually decreasing as the gas stream passes through the turbine stages.
- the first and second stage airfoils must be cooled by passing cooling air through internal cooling passages and discharging the cooling air through film cooling holes to provide a blanket layer of cooling air to protect the hot metal surface from the hot gas stream.
- a thin wall airfoil with near wall cooling can maintain a low metal temperature compared to thicker wall airfoil.
- thin wall airfoil cannot be cast because the liquid metal does not flow freely into the spaced formed by the ceramic cores in which forms the blade walls.
- FIG. 1 shows a graph of a first stage turbine rotor blade external pressure profile used in an industrial gas turbine (IGT) engine.
- IGT industrial gas turbine
- FIG. 2 shows a prior art first stage turbine rotor blade 10 for an IGT engine with a (1+5+1) serpentine flow cooling circuit.
- This cooling circuit is formed as three separate sections and includes a leading edge section, a mid-chord section and a trailing edge section.
- the leading edge section includes a cooling air supply channel 16 connected by a row of metering and impingement holes to a leading edge impingement cavity 17 having a showerhead arrangement of film cooling holes to discharge the cooling air.
- the mid-chord section is cooled with a 5-pass forward flowing serpentine flow cooling circuit and includes a first leg of channel 11 located adjacent to the trailing edge section, a second leg 12 , a third leg 13 , a fourth leg 14 and a fifth and last leg 15 located adjacent to the leading edge cooling supply channel 16 .
- Rows of film cooling holes are connected to the five legs and discharge onto the pressure side wall or the suction side wall or both walls.
- the trailing edge section is includes a cooling air supply channel 18 with a first row of metering and impingement holes 19 opening into a first diffusion cavity 20 followed by a second row of impingement holes 21 opening into a second diffusion cavity 22 followed by a row of trailing edge exit holes 23 .
- FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram for the cooling circuit of FIG. 2 .
- the forward flowing 5-pass serpentine is used in the airfoil mid-chord region.
- the cooling air flows toward and discharges into the high hot gas side pressure section of the pressure side.
- a high cooling air supply pressure is required and therefore induces a high leakage flow.
- the second leg and third leg of the 5-pass serpentine circuit provide film cooling air for both walls of the airfoil and in order to satisfy the back flow margin criteria for the pressure side rows of film cooling holes, the internal cavity pressure has to be approximately 10% higher than the pressure side hot gas side pressure.
- the airfoil pressure side piece is cast separate from the suction side piece.
- the two pieces are then bonded together through the use of TLP (Transient Liquid Phase) bonding.
- TLP Transient Liquid Phase
- the benefits of manufacture for this blade with two piece construction is the use of a strong back ceramic core in the casting process that will allow for inspection of the internal cooling features and a measurement of the airfoil wall thickness prior to bonding the two pieces together and form the blade.
- a draw back for the two piece blade is a mismatch of the internal cold ribs, the complex trailing edge cooling features and around the airfoil edges during the bonding process.
- Use of the third intermediate piece will improve the airfoil bonding capability for a large frame industrial gas turbine engine turbine rotor blade.
- the pressure side cooling circuit can be a three-pass serpentine cooling circuit while the suction side cooling circuit can be a five-pass serpentine cooling circuit.
- FIG. 1 shows an external pressure profile for a prior art first stage turbine rotor blade.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section view along a chordwise plane of the prior art turbine blade with the cooling circuit.
- FIG. 3 shows an isometric view of the prior art turbine blade.
- FIG. 4 shows a flow diagram for the prior art turbine blade of FIG. 2 .
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section view along a chordwise plane of the turbine blade of the present invention with the cooling circuit.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross section side view of the pressure side cooling circuit for the blade of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross section side view of the suction side cooling circuit for the blade of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 shows a side view of the intermediate piece used to form the blade of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 shows a cross section view along a cut section across the mid-chord of the blade of the present invention.
- a three piece turbine rotor blade especially for a turbine blade used in a large frame heavy duty industrial gas turbine (IGT) engine, includes a pressure side piece 31 and a suction side piece 32 bonded to an intermediate piece 33 as seen in FIG. 5 .
- the intermediate piece 33 extends from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the blade and separates a pressure side cooling circuit from a suction side cooling circuit in that the cooling circuits do not connect so that different pressures can be used.
- FIG. 5 shows the pressure side piece 31 to form a three-pass aft flowing serpentine flow cooling circuit with a first leg 41 located in the leading edge section, a second leg 42 and a third leg 43 followed by pin fins 44 extending across a pressure side trailing edge section channel.
- the suction side piece 32 forms a five-pass aft flowing serpentine flow cooling circuit with a first leg 51 located at the leading edge section followed by second leg 52 , third leg 53 , fourth leg 54 and a fifth leg 55 located along the trailing edge section.
- a suction side trailing edge section cooling channel also includes pin fins extending across the channel. Trailing edge pressure side stiffeners 46 are shown and suction side stiffeners 56 are shown in FIG. 5 .
- the stiffeners 46 and 56 are formed as part of the intermediate piece 33 and form the exit slots on both the pressure side and suction side of the trailing edge section of the airfoil.
- FIG. 6 shows a side view of the pressure side cooling circuit with the first leg 41 having fresh cooling air flowing along the leading edge wall on the pressure side of the intermediate piece 33 .
- the second leg 42 flows up toward the blade tip and then down through the third leg 43 where the cooling air flows through the trailing edge channel on the pressure side having the pin fins 44 extending across the channel.
- Metering and impingement holes 45 can also be used. Trip strips are used in each of the legs of the serpentine circuit to enhance the heat transfer coefficient.
- FIG. 7 shows a side view of the suction side cooling circuit with the first leg 51 located along the leading edge wall on the suction side of the intermediate piece 33 followed by the next four legs.
- the fifth leg 55 discharges the cooling air through the suction side trailing edge channel having the pin fins 44 therein.
- Metering and impingement holes 45 can also be used. Trip strips are used in each of the legs of the serpentine circuit to enhance the heat transfer coefficient.
- FIG. 8 shows a side view of the intermediate piece 33 and includes a row of grooves 34 that form the showerhead arrangement of film cooling holes, grooves 35 that form tip cooling holes, and stiffeners 36 on the trailing edge section of the airfoil.
- the grooves 34 and 35 are formed into the two sides of the surface of the intermediate piece 33 that leave the cooling flow holes when the pressure and suction side pieces 31 and 32 are bonded to the sides of the intermediate piece 33 .
- the stiffeners 36 form the discharge slots (slots formed between adjacent stiffeners) that open onto the pressure and suction sides of the trailing edge section of the airfoil.
- FIG. 9 shows a view of the three piece blade with the pressure side piece 31 on the left and the suction side piece 32 on the right of the intermediate piece 33 .
- a top end of the intermediate piece 33 includes a micro channel tip shroud 37 with cooling air slots 38 formed on the pressure side and the suction side of the tip shroud 37 . These slots 38 are connected to the serpentine channels or legs of the respective circuit and discharge some of the cooling air passing through the serpentine flow circuits.
- Use of the three pieces with the intermediate piece to bond the two side pieces to will solve the mismatch problem described in the prior art two piece blade.
- Use of the three piece bonded blade will improve the airfoil bonding capability especially for an industrial turbine blade. Cooling air supplied to the near wall serpentine flow cooling channels from the blade attachment inlet region below the blade platform will avoid having to pressurize the blade mid-chord cavity and therefore eliminate the blade tip cap and internal ribs. Micro pin fins, a roughened surface or skewed trip strips can be used in the near wall cooling channels to enhance the internal cooling performance.
- the three piece bonded blade with the intermediate piece will allow for different cooling circuits to be used for each side of the airfoil. Also, cooling slots or holes can be formed onto the intermediate piece and form the enclosed slots and holes when the outer two pieces are bonded to it.
- the multiple pass serpentine flow cooling circuits are formed into the two outer pieces 31 and 32 while the showerhead film cooling holes, the tip cooling holes and the trailing edge cooling slots are formed into the intermediate piece 33 .
- the aft flowing serpentine cooling circuit used for cooling the airfoil leading edge and the airfoil main body surface will maximize the use of cooling to mainstream gas side pressure potential as well as tailor the airfoil external heat load.
- the cooling air is supplied at the airfoil leading edge section where the airfoil heat load and gas side pressure level are at the highest. The cooling air thus cools the hotter leading edge surface first and then serpentines through the airfoil main body surface where the heat load and gas side pressure are lower and therefore eliminating the use of film cooling holes at the forward section of the airfoil main body surface.
- the cooling air serpentines through the airfoil main body surface for cooling of the blade mid-chord section, and is then discharged at the aft section of the airfoil through near wall pin fin cooling channels where the gas side pressure level is low.
- This design also allows for the use of a lower cooling air supply pressure and therefore a lower leakage flow than the forward flowing serpentine cooling circuits of the prior art blade.
- a TLP (Transient Liquid Phase) bonding process is used to secure the two outer pieces to the intermediate piece. This eliminates any relative positioning problems with the ceramic cores in order to achieve a proper dimension alignment for the inner ribs that separate the serpentine flow channels within the airfoil.
- the cooling flow channels for the pressure side and suction side pieces can be cast within each of the two pieces or machined into the pieces later.
- the three-piece near wall serpentine flow cooling circuit subdivides the blade into two separate pieces with one piece having the blade leading edge region and pressure side section and another piece having the blade suction side section and the blade trailing edge region.
- Each individual cooling section can be independently designed based on the local heat load and aerodynamic pressure loading conditions.
- the pressure side serpentine circuit begins at the leading edge region of the airfoil and ends at the trailing edge section on the pressure side wall which therefore lowers the required cooling air supply pressure and reduces the overall blade leakage flow.
- the pressure side flow circuit is separated from the suction side flow circuit and therefore eliminates the blade mid-chord cooling flow mal-distribution problem due to film cooling flow mal-distribution, film cooling hole size and mainstream external hot gas pressure variation.
- the pressure side flow circuit is separated from the suction side flow circuit so that the design issues associated with the back flow margin (BFM) and high blowing ratio for the blade suction side film cooling holes are eliminated.
- BFM back flow margin
- Dividing the blade into two different cooling zones increases the design flexibility to redistribute cooling air flow and/or add cooling flow for each zone and therefore increase a growth potential (as the blade design increases in size, the cooling circuits can be easily varied to match the cooling air requirements for the larger sized blade) for the cooling circuit design.
- Eliminating the use of a mid-chord cooling air supply cavity for a near wall cooling circuit eliminates the need to pressurize an inner cavity and therefore results in minimizing a pressure gradient across the airfoil wall.
- Use of the three piece bonded blade design allows for different cooling circuits to be used for both sides of the airfoil, eliminates the dimensional control and internal cooling feature dimensional mismatch requirements for the two piece prior art blade, and allows for dimensional control and measurement for the pressure and suction side wall thickness before the blade is bonded together.
- Dual trailing edge discharge cooling channels provides a more uniform airfoil trailing edge metal temperature and eliminates the airfoil suction side over-temperature problem, minimizes shear mixing and therefore lowers the aerodynamic loss and maintains a high film cooling effectiveness for the airfoil trailing edge, and reduces the airfoil trailing edge thickness and therefore lowers the airfoil blockage and increases aerodynamic performance.
Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
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US12/972,761 US8562295B1 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2010-12-20 | Three piece bonded thin wall cooled blade |
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US12/972,761 US8562295B1 (en) | 2010-12-20 | 2010-12-20 | Three piece bonded thin wall cooled blade |
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Cited By (30)
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US20140093391A1 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | Solar Turbines Incorporated | Cooled turbine blade with trailing edge flow metering |
US20160010465A1 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2016-01-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine airfoil leading edge cooling |
WO2016022126A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine airfoil cooling system with bifurcated mid-chord cooling chamber |
US20180112535A1 (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2018-04-26 | General Electric Company | Partially wrapped trailing edge cooling circuit with pressure side serpentine cavities |
US20180306036A1 (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-10-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Airfoil turn caps in gas turbine engines |
US20190055849A1 (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2019-02-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Laminated airfoil for a gas turbine |
US10233761B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-03-19 | General Electric Company | Turbine airfoil trailing edge coolant passage created by cover |
US10240465B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-03-26 | General Electric Company | Cooling circuits for a multi-wall blade |
US20190106992A1 (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2019-04-11 | Honeywell International Inc. | Gas turbine engines with improved leading edge airfoil cooling |
US10301946B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-05-28 | General Electric Company | Partially wrapped trailing edge cooling circuits with pressure side impingements |
US10309227B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-06-04 | General Electric Company | Multi-turn cooling circuits for turbine blades |
US10352176B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-07-16 | General Electric Company | Cooling circuits for a multi-wall blade |
CN110043325A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-07-23 | 通用电气公司 | Engine component with cooling hole in groups |
US10364685B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-07-30 | Gneral Electric Company | Impingement system for an airfoil |
US10408062B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-09-10 | General Electric Company | Impingement system for an airfoil |
US10436048B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-10-08 | General Electric Comapny | Systems for removing heat from turbine components |
US10443397B2 (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2019-10-15 | General Electric Company | Impingement system for an airfoil |
US10450875B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-10-22 | General Electric Company | Varying geometries for cooling circuits of turbine blades |
US10450950B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-10-22 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine blade with trailing edge cooling circuit |
US10465521B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-11-05 | General Electric Company | Turbine airfoil coolant passage created in cover |
US10465528B2 (en) | 2017-02-07 | 2019-11-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Airfoil turn caps in gas turbine engines |
US10519781B2 (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2019-12-31 | United Technologies Corporation | Airfoil turn caps in gas turbine engines |
US20200024968A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2020-01-23 | Solar Turbines Incorporated | Turbine blade cooling system with channel transition |
US10598028B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2020-03-24 | General Electric Company | Edge coupon including cooling circuit for airfoil |
US10724391B2 (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2020-07-28 | General Electric Company | Engine component with flow enhancer |
US10844732B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2020-11-24 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Aerofoil and method of manufacture |
US10968754B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Aerofoil |
US20220205365A1 (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2022-06-30 | Safran | Turbomachine blade with improved cooling |
US20220220857A1 (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2022-07-14 | Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. | Turbine airfoil and turbine including same |
US11814965B2 (en) | 2021-11-10 | 2023-11-14 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine blade trailing edge cooling circuit with turn passage having set of obstructions |
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Cited By (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9206695B2 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-12-08 | Solar Turbines Incorporated | Cooled turbine blade with trailing edge flow metering |
US20140093391A1 (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | Solar Turbines Incorporated | Cooled turbine blade with trailing edge flow metering |
US20160010465A1 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2016-01-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine airfoil leading edge cooling |
US10329923B2 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2019-06-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Gas turbine engine airfoil leading edge cooling |
WO2016022126A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-02-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbine airfoil cooling system with bifurcated mid-chord cooling chamber |
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