US853356A - Air-compressor and similar device. - Google Patents

Description

No. 853,356. f PATENTE!) MH 14, 1907.

M. W. HALL.

`AIR looMPREssof; AND SIMILAR DEVIGE.

APPLIDATIONIILED IAB. 2. 1903.

INVENTOR:

WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MILAN W. l-lAlJlJ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO N OISEIJESS COMPRESSOR ANI) A'IR BRAKE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK,

N. Y1, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

AIR-COMPRESSOR AND SIMILAR DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 190'?.

Application filed March 2,1903. Serial No. 145,696.

To rtl/Z whom, it Tmry concern/ As shown each sIphere, the valves I each Working in a cylinatleast coincides with the outer periphery of.

' Bc it known that I, MILAN W. IIALL, a citin rical bore in the top F, which bore is con- 55 zen of the United States, residing in the borcentric with, and slightly larger than the seatough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, c of the inlet L, and. each valve J works in a city and State of New York, have invented l similar bore in the cover O which bore is certain new and useful Improvements in Air- ,l slightly larger than and concentric with the Compressors and Similar Devices, of which seat d, which is Idrilled through the cover and 6o the following is a specification. f opens into the adjacent bore in the top. The This .invention relates generally rto comcap l) is drilled with a shallow cavity nimmepressors or pumps, and is especially applicadiately above and concentric with the seat blc to aircmnpressors. for each valve J, so that each valve I and J The invention aims to provide certain imhas opposite its seat a. circular stop or reprovements which will be hereinafter fully verse seat against which the valvemay strike Set forth with reference to the accompanying when opening. This prevents iattening the drawings, in which, valves.

Figure 1 is a side' elevation partly in verti- The driving mechanism consists of a worm cal mid-section on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2, and shaft Q having right hand worm R and left 7o looking in the direction of the arrow, of the hand worm S, and a right hand worm gear T preferred form of my invention as applied to and a left hand worm gear U, meshing with an air compressor driven by an electric inothe worms R and S respectively and also tor; F ig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view theremeshing with each other. Each worm gear of, partly in section on the planes of the line has a crank V at each side, the crank on one 7 5 2--2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse section side being shown as d'iametrically opposite thereof cut on the lines of Fig. 2 and that on the other side, and the cranks of one looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 gear being quartered relatively to those of is a side elevation ofthe bearing frame and the other-gear. The shaft Q is mounted in. caps removed; Fig. 5 is an end elevation central and end bearings e, and is 4driven' 8o thereof. from the" shaft f of the motor I) through the l Referring to the drawings, Are resents the medium' of la-compensating joint W consistbase, B the cylinder casing, O the iving gear, ing of a block of insulating or other material and D an electric'motor or other source of g, having notches 71, in its opposite faces, power. The base is shown as a casting havthose on one face extending at right angles to ing a motor bede at one end andjgear box'b those on the other face, in which notches' at the other end.` The casing B is provided v play pins t traversing the one the shaft Q and preferably'with four cylinders E, having parthe other one the shaft j; lthe effect being to alle] vertical" axes, Aopening at their lower make a driving connection capable of comends into the box b, and closed at their upper pensating for slight variations of alinement .9o ends by the top F. A single/acting piston G between the worm and motor 'shal' ts and. 4Works in each cylinder. A valve chamber still permitting a quick separation of the II 'is rcvided for each cylinder, and each -inotor from the worm shaft without necessicham er has a suction valve I, and discharge tating opening the gear box, valve J, and each is 'connected with its cylin- Each piston G is connected with one of the 9'5A der by a single port K. A suction. port L, cranks V by'a :pitman X which it's loosely connecting with the outer air between the 'and unconined dver the crank at one end 'cylinder-s, is provided for each chamber H, and is connected to the piston by a pin j -at and'a discharge chamber M connects .all the the other end. LThis loose connection enables valves J, from which chamberthe discharge the crank to slide through the pitman to its roo flows downward and away between the cylproper position and to'work vtherein Without inders through the duct N. The chambers throwing the pitman out of line with its I-.I are formed artly in the top F and 'partly piston. "n the cover the upper part 0f which is -Each worm gear. is shown as formed with a closed by a cap l large bearing hub k, the periphery of which 1o: valve is a4 ball valve or the crank V. This gives strength to the crank and simplifies manufacture and operation.

The gears and worm shaft are supported by a frame or journal bracket Y which has in its upper face the lower half e', oi the bearings e for the worm shaft and in its lower face the upper half l of the bearings for the gears, the lower half of these bearings being provided in caps Z, while the upper halves of the bearings furthe worm are formed in the bottom face ofthe casing B. Bolts m, traversing the frame and caps and screwing into the casing B, hold the bearings together. The frame Y is a bifurcated hollow casting having sides p, connected by cross4 pieces g, in which latter the cavities for the bearings e are formed7 while between the side pieces p, a space r exists wide enough to receive the toothed portion of the gears T and U. The space r opens up through the top f of the frame Y between the cross pieces g, and there constitutes recesses for receiving the worms. All the cavities for the bearings Z are formed in the under faces of the side por-- tions All bearings may be formed by' 4casting anti-friction metal in .the hearing cavities as shown, or in any other suitable way. lThe bearings i'or each gear are shown as extending along the hub and against the side face of the gear for holding it against axial displacement. The bearings for the worm shaft permit free axial movement thereof. i

The box b has a finished upper edges `making a tightiit' with the finished lower face t of the casing B on a plane coincident.- With that oi the axis of the shaft Q, and the frame Y is finished on its upper face u, and fits against the face t of the casing in the same plane when it is clamped thereto by the bolts m. The box makes a leak-tight joint with the casing except at the motor side'where it is formed with a flanged opening o coinciding with a similar opening w formed on the casing, these openings receiving and suitably inclosing the coupling W.

The"`""casing B is shown-as provided with cavities a. opposite the worms R and S and intermediate of the bearings e. These bearings extend longitudinally of the casing and the cylinders E are disposed equidistantly at each side of the center of the worm shaft, and separated sul'liciently to leave an airspace between the cylinders onthe opposite sides of this shaft. This permits air to flow between :the cylinders as4 Well as against all sides of each, which aids in cooling the parts. It also provides roomfor the suction ports nd the discharge duct between the'cyliners.

The valves beingdisposed central ofthe four cylinders occupy the minimum of space, and this arrangement enables great economy in port and valve chamber clearance, which 4The motor D is then is especially important in air com ressors. The single top F- serves to close all t e cylinders and provides the individual valve chambers for each, while the cover O provides the discharge chamber` and the cap l3 closes this. This attains simplicity of construction, and reduces the number of parts to the minimum while making :it easy to get access to the discharge or valve chambers without removing cylinder top. The pistons G are each single castings grooved and provided near their upper ends with suitable packing, as segmental metallic ring or other expansive packing.

ln assembling, the compressor, the spur gears or cranks T U are brought into mesh with the cranks of one at 90 relatively to those of the other, and are placed in the frame Y. The Worm shaft is placed in the bearings e while the casing B is inverted. The pitmen X are slid over their respective cranks, and the pistons Gr` attached, and the latter are inserted in their respective cylinders as vthe frame Y is lowered'on to the face t of the casing until the gears mesh with the worms. The caps Z are then placed on the hubs of the gears, and the bolts m are inserted and screwed finto the casing until the frame, caps, gears. and Worm are secured in place. Then the casing with the attached parts is reversed. and fastened on the upper edge of the box b by bolts b or otherwise. The disk g is pushed over the end of the shaft Q until its groove 7i engages the pin i thereof. placed on the bed a and moved toward the box until the lpin 'i of its shaft engages the outer groove h of the disk, whereupon the motor is clamped to the bed, and the compressor is ready to operate. The parts are taken apart in reverse order.

Should it be necessary to examine the driving mechanism the casing B with the connected parts can be lifted off and these parts can be inspected or repaired without dis- .turbing the motor or the valve mechanism. If' the valves need ins ection 1t 1s simply nec or this and the cover essary to lift the cap O. Access to the cylinders lifting the -top F without disturbing cover or cap. y

in operation, if the source of power isa high speed motor the worms and gears will be oi such ratio as is necessary to reduce the speed ofthe cranks to that best suited forl the Work, say for example about 10() revolutions per minute. The worms can be drlven in either direction, and will drive the gears 111 reverse direction so that their-intermeshing teeth will travel in the same direction as they revolve. The reverse Worms and the intermeshing gears will take' up fwithin themcan be had by the selves the thrust incident to their motion and thus counterbalance the worin shaft endwise, avoiding any thrust bearings. The ireedom for lend movement which the bearlngs e provide for the Worm shaft enables it to move TCO axially to its normal position relatively to the two gears; and its loose connection through the coupling WV enables it to adjust itself irrespective of the motor shaft. This" coupling also permits the motor shaft to run out of line with the worm shaft Without tending to cramp the latter. The cranks being quartered assho'wn, as-one piston of the crank of the lright hand gear .completes its working stroke the other will complete its suctionl stroke, and the one crank of the left hand gear will bein the middle of its working stroke and the other will be in the middle of its'sucticn stroke. Owing to the circular motion of the' cranks the Well known crank action ell'ect on the pistons will be obtained and-.the l,piston traveling will progressively' lei-.iease'in speed toward the ends of each stroke thus obtaining the minimum of speed during the maximum of compression, andI dependent of the others each can perform its own l'unctions regardless of the others, and exact relative positions y*fof the opposlte cranks of a gear are not requisite, nor 1s perlect workmanshipnecessary. If the cranks are not correctly located the only disadvantage will be a slight departure from the preferred relation of the pistons.

v.my invention, or in such modifie Lubrication'of the driving mechanism, pistons, cylinders, and pitmen is attained by making the box B an oil reservoir, the oil .in which is raised by the ears into the 0 en ends of the cylinders, W ich gives comp ete automatic lubrication without necessitating special attention. Placin the shaft above the gears as shown avoi s necessity for a stulling box around the shaft, saves height, and permits a deep oilreservoir.

.lt willbe seen that my invention provides various improvements which can be readily and advantageously availed of either in whole or in part, either in the form shown, which constitutes the preferred ada tation of form as circumstances or the judgment' of those lskilled in the art may dictate, and it will be understood that I do not limit myself to the particular details of the construction arrangement or combination set`forth as constituting the preferred'form offmypresent" improvements.

Air compressors 1 and 'other' devices lernbodyin my improvements secure reliability, e ciency,-and durability,-and attain smooth and quiet action, withautomatic lubrication, and economy of space required. The invention solves the problem of the transmission of -the power high speed -devices to compressors and other apparatus where for the sake of durability a moderate speed is desirable. ItJobtains a uniform distribution ofthe load t oughout each revolution of thecranks whichis important in order that the natural wear shall be evenly distributed and a uniform resistractically ance be presented tothe action of the source of power'when for example such source is an electric motor. It provides a durable, rellable, noiseless, efficient, and generally satis factory device which `can be' employed t0 transmit power .under a wide rangedof speed ratios.

It will be sets of cranks can be carried by or driven from the ears in any suitable way lto balance the end t ust of the worm. l

What I claim is:

1. The combination with right-hand and left-hand worms, of worm gears. meshing therewith andwith each other, and eachhaving cranks, cylinders corresponding to said cranks respectivel valves for said cylinders,

a piston Vin each o said cylinders, and means p vconnectmg each piston lwith its corresponding crank, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. -The combination with vriglfit-hand and left-hand worms, of worm gears meshing with .said worms respectively, and having means for transmitting .the thrustfof each to the other, cranks driven by said Wormgears respectively, pistons connected to and driven bysaid cranks, cylinders inwhich said plstons Work respectively, and valves forsaid cylinders, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. i s 1 3. -The combination with right-'hand and left-hand worms, of worm gears each meshing with 'and drivenfby one of said worms, and having 'means for transmitting, the

- thrust of each worm to the other,` reciprocating pistons, cylinders in which said pistons work respectively, valves for saidcylindera and means operated by .one of said gears for transmitting reciprocating motion to. one of 'said pistons, and means operated byl the under stood` that cranks need not -necessarily form separate parts connected to -the worm gears as shown, as either orboth other of said gears for transmitting r'ecipro-` i eating motion to the other of said pistons,

substantially asandfor the purpose set forth.

4. The combinationA with right-hand and left-hand worms, ofworm gears meshing therewith,-each of said gears having cranks at its opposlte sides, cylinders `corresl onding v.to said cranks respectively, valves. orisaid.4 cylinders, a piston 1n each. of sam .'cyhnders,

means each connecting one of said pistons with its corresponding crank, and said gears each having means vmechanically connecting said gears together to transmit the load from one to the other thereof, substantiallyas and substantially as and for .the purpose set forth.

6. The combination with four cylinders, of

a pis-ton in each oisaid cylinders, and each independent of those in the otherxeylinders', valves and valve chambersfor said cylinders, a crank opposite each of said cylinders for -reciproeatingthe piston therein, means connecting said several cranks together for driving them in predetermined relation'to each other, and for transmitting the thrust of each crank tov the others consisting of worm gears having means mechanically connecting them -ftogetlieig and worms connected rigidly torespectively, a valve chamber gether and meshing with said worm gears for driving them, substantially asand for the purpose set forth. l

7. rIlhe combination with four pistons and means for reciprocating them, of a casing having four cylinders, receiving said istons ihr sai cylinders, and having a port connecting with each, and having' a discharge outlet between said cylinders, a Worm, and a worm gear below said cylinders and beneath and meshing with said Worm, and driving said means, substan-k tially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination with a cylinder casing B having a plurality of cylinders, of atop F closing said .cylinders atene end, and having ports K communicating therewith respectively, and a suction port L and a valve seat c for each of said cylinders, a cover() havinga valve chamber H and valve seatd for each of saidcylinders, ball valves I and J for' said seats respectively, a cap P for said cover, pistons in said cylinders, vand vmeans for recip rocating said pistons, substantially'as and y,

for the purpose set forth.

t y 9;' The combination with a casing having a plurality of upright' cylinders, valves for said cylinders, pistons in said cylinders respectively, land cranks below saidy cylinders connected together fortransmitting the thrust of each to the other, of a Worin gear between and connected 'to said cranksfor 1 .driving them, a worm above and meshing with said ,worin gear for driving itmeans athshafts, yintermeshing worm gears one on cach porting base carrying said parts, substanconnected to .such casing, independently ol Worm gears respectivelybn each 'of said shafts and a common worm shaft for driving said gears.

-paratus com rising a l r 'symmetric al y disposewith respect to the for reciprocating said p1stons,said' cranks shafts transversely dis osed one adjacent taching said cranks and worm and Wormvgear to said casing below said cylinders, and a suptiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination with a casing having a plurality of cylinders, valves for said cylinders, and pistons in said cylinders, of cranks secured to the lower part of said casing for reciprocating said pistons, a Worm gear below said casing for driving said cranks, a worm shaft above and vmeshing with said gear for drivingY the latter, and a base having an oil chamber inclosing suoli cranks and said worm gears andwornl shaft, substan tially as and for the purpose set forth.

1l. The combination with a casing having a cylinder open at its lower end, valves for said cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, a crank below said cylinder for operating said iston, oi a worin gear below said cylinder or drivingsaid crank, a worin' above and meshing with said gear for driving it, and a base su porting said parts and having an oil box bellhw said cylinder and inclosingsaid crank, worm gear and worm, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. The combination with a easing having a plurality of vertical cylinders, pistons therein respectively, valves for said cylinders, and cranks below and connected to said y pistons for reciprocating them, of a base beneath said cylinders, supporting said raising. and having `an oil box beneath the latter llaving an openingV through the upper part of said base for receiving and inelosing said cranks, and having a-bed portion adjacent to' said box, an electric motor vmounted on such hed portion, a worm shaft having a worm wi thin saidbox, a worm gear mounted in said box driving said cranks and'mesliing with `said worin, and meansfor compensating for variations inalinement between said worin shaft and motor shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. I 13. A iluid compressor comprising a 'plurality of pumping cylinders, reciprocating plungers therein and pitmen respectively connected to said plungers, a pair of eran shafts-disposed sideby side transversely to theaxis of said cylinders with crank arm connections with said pitmen, 'intermeshing A 14.. In a fluid cemp'ressor, a pumping aplurality of cylinders central axis ofthe said compressor, crank the ends of each. pair o cylinders, plungers within the cylinders and pitmen connecting them` respectively with their adjacent crank of said crank shafts and a common power shaft for said worm gears having worms engaging therewith.

15. In a fluid com ressor, a uinping apparatus comprising our cylin erssymmet rically disposed with respect to the central axis of the said compressor, crank' shafts transversely disposed one adjacent the ends of each pair of cylinders, plungers within the cylinders and pitmen connecting them re spectively with their adjacent crank shafts, intermeshing worm gears one on each of Asaid crank shafts and a common power shaft for said worm gears having Worms engaging therewith. I

16. In a fluid com ressor, a umping apparatus comprising fdur cylin ers symmetrically disposed with respect to the central axis of the said compressor, crank shafts transversely disposed one adjacent the ends of each pair of cylinders, plungers within the cylinders and pitmen :connecting them respectively with their adjacent crank shafts,

a pair of'intermeshing Worm gears one on each of said crank shafts and a common power shaft for said worm gears having reversely pitched Worms engaging therewith.

17.v In a fluid compressor, va set of four pumping cylinders symmetrically disposed .iso

with respect to the central axis of the said compressor, plungers' and connected pitmen.

therefor, in combination with a pair of intermeshing gears centrally dis osed between the axes of each' pair of cylinders land having crank connections with said itmen, and a ower shaft common to sai worm gears aving reversely pitched Worms in engagement therewith, whereby the strains of said gearing arerendered substantially uniform regardless of the relative positions of the plungers within their cylinders.

18. Ina fluid compressor, a plurality of cylinders having reciprocating plungers therein, a shaft common to each pair of plunger-s vand provided with crank connections with each of vthem, worm gears positively geared together and to said shaft, in combination with a power shaft engaging said worm gears and disposed between the plane of their axes and the ends of the cylinders.

19, In a fluid compressor, a cylinder casting, a reciprocating plunger therein, a journal bracket rsecured thereto comprising a pillow block and cap plate therefor, said block and plate forming a journal seat, gear ing journaled in said seat for reciprocating said plunger, in combination with a power shaft for driving said gearing and I'a journal seat for said power shaft comprised of complementary recesses in the meeting faces of said casting and pillow block and bolts eX- tending through said cap, pillow block and casting for fastening them securely together and'coniining the shaft and gearing inthe respective journal seats.

20. In a fluid compressor, a cylinder having a plunger dprovided with,a pitman, a-

crank shaft an gear Wheel for driving said pitman, in combination with a support for said shaft and wheel secured direct y to the end face of the cylinder, said su port comprising .a bracket with a centra recess fory receiving a gear wheel and forked members constituting journal seats for the crank shaft and being also provided with a recess comprising a ortion of the journal seat for the .power sha t.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. f

' MILAN WQHALL. Witnesses l l THOMAS' F. `WALLACE,

FRED WHITE.

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