US852161A - Pneumatic player for musical instruments. - Google Patents

Description

No. 852,161, PATENT@ APR. sog 19u?, G.1 .BRAND PNEUMATIG PLAYBRFOR MUSIGALfINS'IRUMENlS,

v APPLIOATIQ FILED 35313.23, 1005.

u SHBTS-SHBBT' l.

No. 352,161. PATBNTBD A1111. 3o, 1907. G. 1. BRAND.

PNEUMATIO PLAYER FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

` APPLIGATION FILED 1211.23, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

me. M?

PATENTED APR. 30, 1907. 4

, G. P. BRAND. PNBUMATIC PLAYER FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED TBB. 23, 1905. v

l 5 SHEETS- SHEET 3.

" G. P. BRAND.

PNEU-MATIG PLAYER FON MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 23, 1905.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

www5. w27/w No., 852,161. PATBNTED APR-30', 1907, G.v P. BRAND.

PNEUMA'IIG PLAYER POR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. APPLIOATIOI FILED 11:13.23, 1905.

P6910; Fgfzz diaphragm 1 UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

GEORGE .Pl BRAND, OF NEW YORK, Y.

i PNEuMAT-l'o PLAYEFi'FoR MUSICAL INSTRLIMEisrri'sf."`

To all 1071/0111,; t may. concern:-

Be 'it known that l, GEORGE I?. BRAND, a citizen cf the United States, residing in the city of Newv Yorkpborough of Manhattan, county and State of'NeW York, 'have invented certain new-and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Players for Musical Instruments, of which the following isa specification.

My improvements relate to what is technically known as the valve chest 'Work in pneumatic apparat-us for l plaving musical instruments by means of 'perforated sheet music. They are designed mainly to siniplify and cheapen construction,l to economize space, to obviate thev evil effects tha `vmight 'otherwise result from climat-ic cl'ian'gesor conditions to render the Whole structure as solid and rigid as possible, and to 4aile-rd convenient access to diaphragm butts, valves &c.

Tlieinvention consists in the construct-ion `and karrangement of parts herein described and claimed specifically.

"In the accompanying drawings Figure l', is an elevation taken on the primary lside of three superposed tension chests and connections: Fig. 2, isI an endelevation partly in section; l? ig. 3, a section taken upon plane of line 3-;-I3- I"i'g. l Fig. 4, isaplaii of the piimary chest f and detachable lsecondary dia-` phragm plate :,l41 5, is a section upon plane' of line :3*5-Figz 2: Fig. 6. is a section upon plane (1f line --Fig. 2 j. Fig. 7,:is a diagram illustrating the old method 'of attacl'iing a Fig. 8,. is a view of the under Sideof, a portion of the primary chest: Fig. 9, is a Aview of a portion of thel detachable piiiniary diaphragm plate, showing a portion of the"diaphragm strip broken' awa)` ;-Fi.9'. l0, is a ',view of the 4inner side of a diaphragm sei-tion of @the main tension chamber, detached l41 igl] l, isv a similar vieu" of the valve .section of the main tension chamber, detached; Fig. 12, i: a vieuv of the outer face of thovalve section of themain tension chambef* lil r., 13'., is'anelevation of a portion of a dotar iable valve seat'plate g i4, is a view i. he. inner `side of the secondary diai'ihragm plate' ivit'lna. portion of. the diaphragm strip broken away; Fig.. l5, is a front elevation of a,ignition-ofthe detachablivserondarv diavhragni plate, showing the primary chest' partly broken away; Figui@ isa view ot a portiongif the primary diaphragm chamber Specification of Letters aten't.

Application tiled February 23. 1905. `Serial No. 246,864.

Paiencednpfii 370,11'9o7l plate, constituting the inner vsideI of vthe 'primary chest.; Fig. i7, is a lvieu'f'of` a portion of the outer side of the secondary diaphragm section B, thediaphragm plate-being respacings blocks. IIeretofore much difficultyT hadbeen experienced in pneumatic apparatusof this class moved; Eig. 1S, is atop view. of vone of the by reason of the evil effects of meteorologioalv changes and conditions, and a distinguishing feature of my present structure is itsjcoinpactness and' solidity, and the acsenee of crossn binding, as compared'with the box chest work in ordinary use. plish primarily 'by' constructing the body or main port-i on of the ehestpreferably in two sections united integrallyto fornithe main tension. chamber; in forming -the second ary dia- This I accoinphragm chambers., and second ary valve chambers externally upon this body portion, and m using in conpinction therewith a detachv able diaphragm plate and aI detachable valve seat plate as hereinafter described' in4 detail. Thus, in the drawings what 'may bedesignated as the valve section A, Aisfsecured rigidly to the diaphragm section B by gluing their abutting surfaces (1,1), together. These sections A and B'extend the fulllength of the chest, their opposed inner sides or lfaceslaf,\b, being grooved o r cut out to .fornrbetween them the main tensionchainbei T Whicnfis closed at each end, as at.t-,Fig.15,ani`i is connected with suitable` exhaust mechanism by.

Itis

means of a passage t', shown in Fig. 3. obvious that the solid body M, thus formed by the united sections A and B may be built up of more than two pieces orthickn'esses of material suitably grooved and seated and then unitedintegrally, but thisgis notniaterial in so far as the final result is'involved,- the essential feature in this respect being t-he incorporation of the valve -sectionandvthe diaphragm section integrally ytoi'form 'a solid,

rigid body M.

A is formed with a series of circular valve Tlieouter o'r face side offthe valve" section .IOO

chambers a',communicatingWith the `main tension chamber Tl through ports awhich are preferably furnished with driven 'valve seatsy a as se t forth in mylc'oncur'rent application Xo. 243,463' filed` Jaiiu'aryl, A'1905. Each of these `valve chambers it', communicates through "a port p with a power pneumatic I.

-The valve plat-e C is secured hy screwsc, or otherwise applied to the face of the valve. sect1 on A, in srch manner as to le readily de* .taehalle therefrom ,f-a sitalrle packing C,

being interposed letween the opposed srfaces. Screw holes are shownl inl the drawings and lettered c2, inthe plate C, and ai", in the valve chamber section A (see Figs. l2, la this detachable valve plate (f, arey 13). preferably mounted adjustable lvalve seats c, coinciding in mimlrer and position with the valve chambers o', in t-he valve section secondary valve ehaniler and thereby economize spa'ce by ir ahing thevalve chamber corL respondingly sinaler, still I do not wish to *restrict myself in this respect since any desired form ot valve and seat may be stilsti- .tuted with"practically the saire resiltsin so far as the essential featrres of' the present in vent ion -are concerned.

The orter face of the diaphragm section B is recessed to form the secondary diaphragm tension chambers b, communication being established between each of said chambers and the main tension c-haniler T through an individual passage i, formed i-n the web or partition If', which part-itionalso acts as a guide for each. of the valve rods 1'. The rod carries the secondary valve r, and the diai phragm butt Qi, between which latter and the partition b2, is interposed a spring el, fort-he purpose of insuring the retrrn ofthe valve t', to its normal position upon vthe seatl a3, of the port a?, after the deiiationof the pneumatic P.

The diaphragms d, are. all preferably though net necessarily fcrmed of a single' strip of leather er ether suitable flexiblematerial, will be understood by reference to Fig. 14, said material being clamped between the outer face. tf lthe diaphragm sectie-n- B,' and the inner face rf the secondary diaphragm plate D, which latter isserewed cr otherwise secured to the diaphragm section B in such manner as to be detachable .therefrom to give access to thediaphragms and their chambers when necessary. Screws i, are shown inl thedrawings as used fer the purpose, the holes thereferbeing lettered if, in beth diaphragm section B, the secondary diaphragm plate l), and the lprimary valve chest E. By thus f-.rmiiig the secondary diaphragms d, of a single sheet .f flexible material I net only save time and labor in placing them in position but I alsa.; insure and maintain a-perfeet seal owing to the relatively large area ef the surfaces hetween which the edges of tliediaplnagins l primary valve chest l.

are clamped.4 Furthermore this feature-"0f clamping the edges cf the diaphragl be'- tween the face cf the diaphragm sec .ion B, and the inner side of the detachable.- diaphragm plate l) is new and not only affords a safer herinetical seal between the parts but -alsoeil'eets aneccnomy in space or area as compare5l with thel method heretofore resorted to of' gluing thefetlgey tf a diaphragm to the interior of the diaphragm chamber as illustrated in diagram Fig. T, in which case it will he seen not only that 'the area tf said chamber had te.bc sullicicnt to iin-hide the edge of the '(liaphragin, but aisethat one side only of edge is Sealed' whereasv by a comparative reference to -ligs' and (i. it will be seen that by my methtd of c:.n.-,trmti:.n the diaphragnrehamber n ecd he no hinger in area or diameter than the actual diameter (.f the flexible or operative part (if the diaphragm. In other words I eil'ert an ecftnemy in space 'equivalent to the area f. f the ledge er shoul; der heretofore provided, as in Fig. 7, for the attachment of the edge.; ofthe diaphragm.

The inner side ci' the secondary diaphragm plate I), is formed with'a reu-1a cr chamber d', coinciding 'with the diaphragm tension chambers b, in the faee tf the diaph'ragni section B .so as to admit rf the free play of the diaphragms: and the plate I) is shcwn as s euredto the ertion by means of screws i, fi, as. before intimated, some of which screws i, also passthrtugh the primary valve chest E, which is by preference integral with said diaphragm plate l). l`hc primary valve chest E, if.; also-provided with' a detachable diaphragm plate F similar in structure and function te the secrndary diaphragm plate l). By preference I use in the primary valve chest E the firm (.f duplex valve scat y, described and claimed in my concurrent application No. 243,464 `tiled January I H105: although I do nctrestrict myself to the use thereof in this ccnnectif'tnsince any desired form inf primary 'alv i and seat maybe yzuhstituted thereftr.

ondary diaphragm plate D, thus establishing eommumcatlcn through the central -durt (12.

ln the arrangement :hcwn in the drawings'the lateral port g, in the du; plex valve :reaty y, is brizught int.) c( ini'fidenc' with the passage e, 'connecting with the dia vphragm' chaiiiliei d. in the detachable see;

IOO

r ro

of the duplex .seat g, with the valve chamber e-, and tenzif irpa'ssage e--the latter being eomimzn tz;- all the valve chambers e. in the The tension pafsage e`2,` communicates with the main tension chamber rl` threugh the medium cf transverse ducts4 z", at cach end .f the chest, .cue of these being shown in ["ig.' 3. The longitudinal web er pa-rtiticn e". left cn the inner farne of the primary valve chest ll aml dividing the teur-ii n passage '1. is to afford a ce11j 'ii-ral bearing and Contact against the plate c". in

'mary Valve chest E, by screws j, Y.

.plate e4, is glue or ctheruise inner.

`posed ieee ci' the detachable @espinal e,

superposed and connected with eerninon coniplish this with the greetest pos: l

body ofthe Echest consisting` of valve eilen which the valve ehenibers e', erebored, enrumunicetion between the opposite eines oi seid longitudinal web or partition e3, being ree through said Vuive cheinbers as isili be seen by yreference to' liigs 6, and also through openings in the partitioniet eseh en A oi the passai-ge e2, ss shown in Fie: 6,.

The primary' diaphragm tension e? J integrally with the prinierv visive As in the crise ci the seconde-rj' rlisphreexns d, the primary diaphragme li, ere 'preiersbl formed 'by the use of ai eontinumis strip f leather 71", or other suitable lexibie meter interposed between the Vfame of thetensi diaphragm chamber pletev et', end the plete FZ the latter being stt-cuiller?. to the through holes y", or by other suitelih chemical expedient that will edinit et moral of said plete in when desired plu'agm chambers f are bored. in t surface of the plate F, each ot which bers hase duetf, communicating by e, i lable tube or conduitwith u note hole in s tracker bar er equivalent. he ductsjv", are preferably formed'directly Within the (Aletzichzihle diaphragm plate F as showi'l in Fig. 2.

'In practice several such valve' chests haust mechanism. My Valve chest whole is specially formed and designed to :ie--

economy of space since the umein portion e ber seetien A, and the diaphragm sentan h united integrally, is erinerl with eenrrergg external sides in, ym/.vtlie angle of t relation to theeentrel or axial line 'er ondary diaphragme and valves being essen-- tially that 'torinedby the sifies ot pneu-- mitici3 when iniizited, so that by the use et tapering .spgicingI :imi supporting blocks corresponding' `subst-ntie lliv `in vshape 'thioknesjs with the outline of the interven j portions of the adjacent pneuineties P, vcr en 'inflated is shown in the drawings, pre/ri ui may' be vnuide for-thc full nietion or play of the pneunmtics Without :niywuste ot space Whatever. T he coi'npzictness of struct" and economy in erenV thus eiiectefl is eig-reet preetiel-importance, especially there only s relzitivel;T smell ares is available igor chest Work. in slet or other autniutic appara-tus in' which the musical linstrument und the pneumatic zippers-tus `are eontsnierl in the saune case: inv desirefl number of the chest bodies M may be thus superpesed und bou'ui together with these convergent or wedge shaped spacing' blocks T between theni, Alie latter-'being'provided :it both enfle et the chest Work, and the ends oi" the bodies M, sin

inte t spacingA blocks being rigidly secured t0 rgre/ther by clamps if, applied externally or in. 'the terni oi bolts psssing tlnougli holes fu enti m27 'termed i101* their reception in the conl vergent spacing blocks 17,' sind ends of the 'l Vist br es ivi interpeserl; between the e'nest bodies n ehei'nbers Tendthe eX- if orinni'g them with con-- termine eenrinuetions of the portsleading e Fier. 3. 'se seen that by .my construction .le eli rliep'hregnis, valves and seats reni the mein-tension. T,'enti rely, which eu' subies ine to materially reduce 'the size of mein tension chamber und at the seine time attain :t more solicil` rigid and compact struc-V,

ture. Fur l rniore the valves,cliephragius, seets being; thus external 4te the mitin e. einpt ferm ull :langer of deteriora.- njf ressnn of nieteorolugriczrl influences endehanges; and reinlerthe pruts still ASui-ther iinpervieus in this respect l trent, theninll superrieially, both internnllvend exfrnully with purslln 'which :rl'ter they ure glued together uri finished und renalv tor re- .i is e Aeo;ninunicetion betweenV ie n'iziin tensien 'chambers 'if es seen by inclv bound together es to bepruceeptien of the valve lseats and .vulves also insures the sezilino lierineticzillv olll 'eiuts l 4) and r u l by tne use or peri n, i un enabled te ae- `coiuplisii this because bv niv construction l dispense witliftiie use ef glue in securing the empiuegins iiiposition. Another 'feature i tust/enables ine to use. s main tension ellenibe c l" ofrelatively singili ere-ais the use of the 'nifivifluril duets' t', t", in the partition. if,

we iting said inei'n tension chamber T i'roni cihragni tension ei'ernber e, since the mfegins the?! if; protected against suenen, reeetren'er been: pressure that would etherwise resuit- 'treni the inrush of sir into the nieintensien chamber Tiroin the pneumatics when one er .more of the valves r, are epeie,-the sinsii aresgoi the ducts t"` iiisurine; the neutrslizetien of thepressure be-- iure the diaphragm tensieu chambers J( are materie-liv eiieeted, e result that could other-- wise only' be fitta-inefi by the provision of :i mein tenuen chamber of eempsretively large lires in which the in-ruslnng au' would have sinple roem, te expand ininieelintelv and the pressure .engin-linet before entering the diaphragm chambers.

incorporating the primary valve chest 6o tension chamber ih said E With the detachable secondary diaphragrrr lplate D, I attain shorter ducts and more direct communication with the secondaryT diaphragme thereby attaining more prompt action or the dlaphragms arid valves.

W hat 'l claim as my invention, laad desire to secure by Letters la-teirt is,

1. ln pneumatic apparatus of the character designated, chest work lormeu with air Io internal tehsiorichamber with am external valve chamber formed directly iu one side of Said chestwork and communica-ting Wi t h said teriial tension chamber through a Valve port 4m the intervening partition, and a detachable 1 5 ,-yalve plate'ror said Valve chamber secured directly to the chest Worli and formed Wi 'h a valve'port opening directly mto the said Valve cham ber on one side of said detachable plate and communicating wit 2S, the other side thereof, `lor the purpose de' '1 the atmosphere ou v-scribed.

2. In pneumatic apparatus of the character designated, chest Work formed with. au internal tension chamber, with au external diaphragm vchairiber formed 'directly iii one side of sal-d chest Worlr. aud commuiilcatlug with said internal tehsioucl'ramlirer through the intervening partition., aud a detachable diaphragm plate tor said. diaphragm. chamber o secured directly to the chest Work. and communicating through a port with a sou-ree ol' intermittent air supply, Vlor the purpose described,

- 3. ln pneumatic apparatus ol the character designated, a teusiouchest with au exg termal valve chamber 'formed directly m one side thereof, said valve ch amber communieating directly With the tension chamber m the chest, a detachable valve. plate 'for said 4s valve charriber, secured directly to the chest,

au external diaphragm chairrber formed directly in another side of said chest, said diaphragm 'chamber communicating with the tension chambeeiii said chest,

detachable `diaphragm plat-e 'formed with a chamber coirimuuicatmg' with, the said diaphragm cham ber m the side et th. chest aud secured. directly to the latter, for the pur-,

pose described. l

' ln pneuu'iatic apparatus oi the charac 'terf'fdesiguated, a tension chest with au oxterual lvalve chamber l'ormed directly ilu one sido tuereo'li', said valve chamber communicating directly with the te'zisiozi cl'iamber in. the

5 5 chest, a detachable Valve plate hu said valve 6'5 through said tension chamber arid into said valve and diaphragm chambers a Valve and diaphragm butt on said rod, for the purpose described.. A

lu pneumatic :,rpparatus of the charac ter designatedy a tension chest With external 'valve chambers formed direetlyirr one side thereof, each of said valve chambers communicating (,lirectly witha commerL tension charriber iu the chest, and a detachable valve plate common to all the Valve chambers formed 'with valve seutsfor each Valve chamand secured vdirectly to the tension chest,

nhe purpose described.

lh lmeumatic apparatus oi the character designated, a tension chest with external diaphragm chambers 'l rmed directly in one side thereof, each of said chambers communicating directly with a common tension chamber ih the ouest, and a detachable diaphragm plate common to and formed with chambers comiriuuicating with each or' the individual diaphragm chambers in the chest, for the.

purpose described.v l

7. ln 1prieumeftic apparatus of the charac ter desig rated a tension chest with external valve chambers and external diaphragm cha'ml s formed directly ih, the sides thereof each of said chambers communicatihg drectly with a common tension chamber ih the chest, together with a detachable valve plate common to the iudi'vidi:all valve cl'iambcrs, and a detachable diaphragm plate common to, and formed with chambers coinciding with, the individual diaphragm chambers iu the chest, for the purpose described.

B. lu pneumatic apparatus oll the character desi ited, a tension chest with external valve ch mb rs aud diaphragm chambers iig-rule directly in external lace, sy thereof each o? said chambers communieating directlyr with a common te rsiou chamber iu .the chest, valve rods passing through said tension cham ber arid into said valve and diaphragm chambers, a valve and a diaphragm butt ou each et 'said rods, a detachable valve plate common to each and all of the individual valve chambers, arid a detachable diaphragm plate common to, and. i'orirred with chambers coincidingl with, the. individual dlal'rluagm chambers, i'or 'the purpose described,

Q. .lh pneumatic apparatus ol the character designated, a tension chest built up o1" sections 'formed with a tension chamber be tiweii them, said sections beingsecured rigizl'f tog-ether, aud a diaphragm chamber formed directly in ah external face of the chest aix-1l comhmuiczirthag directly with "the tension chairrber therein, for the purpose described.

l0. lu a pneumatic apparatus ci? the char-l acier :lesiguateih a tension chest built upo'l' sections vterrified with a tension chamber bethem, 'saidfsectious seing secured riglidly together, md a 'Valve chamber 'formed directly in al?. exterrral facev of the chest arid IOO communicating directly with the tension chamber therein, for the purpose described.

' 11. In pneumatic apparatus of the character'designated, aitension chest built upv of sections formed with a tension chamber between them, said sections being-rigidly secured together, a Valve chamber formed directly in one external face of the chest and'- communicating .directly with the tension chamber therein, .anda dlaphragm chamber formed directly. in anotherext'ernal face oi' l chambertherein, for the purpose described.

. 13.- In pneumatic apparatus of the character designated, a tension chamber built up ot Sections formed with a tension chamber between them, said sections being rigidly secured together, and a' plurality of Valve chambers'formed vdirectly in an, .external face ofy the chest and each comn'iunicating directly and independently with the tension chamber therein, .for the purpose described. A

' 14. In pneumatic apparatus of the character designated, a tension chamber built up in sections formed with a tension chamber between them, said sections being rigidly secured together, a plurality of diaphragm chambers formed directly in an external face of the chest and each communicating directly and individuallywith the tension chamber therein,`and a pluralityT of valve chambers formed directly in another external face of the chest and each communicating directly and independenti;v with the tension chamber therein, for the purpose described.I

1'5. In pneumatic apparatus of the character designated, a tension, chest built up of sections 'formed with a tension chamber between them, said sections being rigidly se.-

cured together, a yalye chamberformed directly in'one external tace or the chest and 4communiea'ti'ng directly with the" tension chamber therein, a diaphragm chamber formed directly in another external face oiv the chest and communicating directly with the 'tension chamber therein, a Valve rod passing through said tension chamber and into sa-id diaphragm and valve cha.1nl' ers, and a valve and diaphragm butt onl said rod, fl'or the purpose described. 16. ln pneumatic apparatus of the character designated a tension chest built up in sections ibrmed with` atension chamber between them, said sections being rigidly secured together, a plurality y,oi diaphragm chambers formed directly in an external face ofthe chest and each communicating directly and individually with the tension lchamber therein,` and a plurality of vyalye.- chambers formed directly in another externalnface `of the chest and each communicating directly and independently with the tension chamber therein, Valve rodspassing through said tension chamber, and a yalyeand ldiaphragm "butt on said rod, for the purpose described;

1 7. In pneumatic apparatus ,of tneA characterdesignated a tension chest built up ofltwo-y parts the opposed faces of which are recessed to form a common internaltension chamber y between them and are then unitedlto form a single rigid structure, in one external face of which is formed a series of diaphragm 'chambers communicating directly with they internal tension chamber, and in another external 'face of which is` formed a series of. valve chambers communicating directly withsaid internal tension chamber for the purpose described. l f

18. In pneumatic apparatus of the character designated, a tension chest built up oi. two parts the opposed faces of which are recessed to Jform a common internal e,tension chamber between them and are then united integrally' to orma singlerigid structure, in one external face of which isijormed aseries of diaphragm chambers communicating directlyA with the said internaltension chamber, .the external Jface of the opposite side ofthe chest being formed with a series of Valve chambers communicating directly 'with said internal tension chamberfor the purpose described. 19. In pneumatic apparatus of the character designated a tension chest'built up'of two parts'the opposed facesof which arerecessed to form a common internal tensionchamber between them and are then united integrallyto form a single rigid structure, in one external ICO faceof which is 'formed a seriesof diaphragm chambers 'communicating directly with the said internal tension chamber, the external face of the opposite side of tlie'chest beingl formed with a series of valye chambers communicating directly with said-internal tension chamber, in combination with a Ldetach?k able diaphragm plate, and 'a detachable yalye plate secured respectively anfd directly tothe iro said opposite external sides of the chest for*v the purpose described. n

20. In pneumatic apparatus of the `character designated, a tension chest built up of sections formed with a tensioii chamber be` tween them and secured "rigidly together,` valve chambers formed externally thereon and communicating directly with said tension chamber, and diaphragm chambers alsolormed externally on said chest and communicating with the vtension chamber therein through ducts which are relatively small vin cross section as compared with the'yalye ports, for the purpose described.

21. In Ipneumatic apparatus ofthe character designated, a chest formed with a 'central tension chamber, a diaphragm chamber formed in said chest on one side of andcommunicating with, said cent-ral tension chamber,.a detachable diaphragm' plate formed With a coinciding diaphragm chamber, .a valve chamber formed in said chest on'the other side of said central tension chamber, and communicating chamber and abutting` against the diaphragm at one extremity f and supporting a valve within the vvalve chamber, for the purpose described. 22. In pneumatic apparatus of the charac'- terdesignated a chest formed with an int-ernal central tension chamber, one. external face of said chest being 'formed with a series of diaphragm chambers comnninicating` directly with the internal tension cha-mier, and the opposite external face of said chest being vformed witha series of valve chambers communicating directlywith said interi'ial tension chamter, for the purpose described. 23. In pneumatic apparatus of the character designated a chest formed with an intei'- nal central tension chamber, one external face of said chest being formed with a series of diaphragm chambers commumcating` directly with the said internal tension chamber,

the external face on the. opposite side of the 1 chest being formed with a series of. valve chambers coinnnniicating` directly with said internal chamber, in combination with a dctachable diaphragm plate. and a detachable valve plate secured respectively and directlv t0 the said opposite external sides of theA chest, for the' purpose described.

24. In pneumatic apparatus of the charac.- ter designated, achest formed with an. internal tension chamber, one external face of said chest being formed with a. series of diaphragm chambers communicatingr direc-thv with the said internal tension.chamber, and. the external face on the opposite side of the chest being forn'ied with a series of valve chambers communicating directly with said internal valve chamber the individual ducts cei'inecting the diaphragm chambers with` the internal tension cl'iamber being relatively small in cross area as compared with the individual valve ports between said internal tension chamber and said valve chaml rs, for the purpose described.

In pneumatic apparatus of the character designated, a. chest formed with an internal tension chamber, one external face of said chest being formed with a. series of diaphragm chambers commnnicatinpr directlwv with the said internal tension chamber, and the external face of the opposite side of the chest beine: formed with a series of valve chanibers communicating directly with said internal valve chambers, the web or partitherewith, and valve rod extendingr throughsmd central tension tion in the chest between the tension chamber and the diaphragm chambers 'being formed with a duct for each diaphragm chamber connecting it with the tension chamber and being also 'formed with a. bearing or support for cach ol' the valve rods, in

the chest being formed with a series of valvechambers communicating directlv with said internal tension chamber, the web or partition in the chest between the tension. chamber and theA diaphragm chambers being iormcd with a duct for each diaphragm chamber connecting1A it with the tension chamber and with a. bearing' or .support for each of the valve rods, in coinl'iination with said valve rods and their valves and butts, for the purpose described. 2T. ln pneumatic apparatus ofthe character designa-ted a tension chest formed with external convergent side walls to one of which a )o'wer nieumatic is 4attached with its T larger end'adjoi1'1in, the narrower edge' of the said tension chest for-the purpose described.

28. ln pneumatic apparatus or the character designated va plurality of tension chests formed with external convergent side walls, and a series or spacing,` blocks also Aformed with convergent sides and interposedv be- -WQH llqlllill tension chestswith their broader ends in juxtaposition to the narrower edges oi the tension chests, means toi-'binding .the tension chestsand spacing( blocks together and. power pneumatics attached `at their larger ends to the narrower edges of the Atension chests for the purpose described.

2t). ln pneumatic apparat us of the character designated a pluralit)Y of. tension4 chests formed with external conifcrcent side walls, and a series of spacing blocks also formed with convergent side walls and interposed between adjoining tension chests with their broader ends` in juxtaposition to the narrower edges of the tension chests, and a bolt paissinay through both tension chests and spacing blocks and securingV the same rigidly together for the purpose set forth.4

St). ln pneumatic amiaratus oi the character designated a. pluralit;Y of tension chests formed with external convergent side walls, and a. series of spacing blocks formed. with convergent side walls and interposed between adjoining tension chests with their broader ends in proximity to the narrower IIO IZO

' chests and spacing coinciding openings communicatingfwith the tension chambers in the chests and with'suit- -able exhaust mechanism, and means -for securing said tension chests and spacing blocks rigidlyT together for the purpose described.

31. In pneumatic apparatus ofthe c iaracter designated, a 'tension chest formed with a series ot external secondary diaghragm' chambers, a detachable secondary diaphragm plate secured directly to said .tension chest,v and primary valve chestl attached to said detachable secondary diaphragm plate and having ducts connecting its Valve chambers directly with the secondary diaphragm chambers lon the inner side or' saiddetachable plate for the purpose described.

32, In ,pneumatic apparatus'of the character designated, the combination with `thel main tension or secondary valve and di'aphra gm chest, ot' a primary valve chest formed with a plurality ot' primary Valve seats and passages, with a pluralityT of diaphragm chambers and with. a longitudinal tension chamber vcommon to' all the said primary valve passages, and a detachable secondary diaphragm plat-e having a plurality of diaphragm chambers formed therein communieating with the primary Valve passages, said primary Valve. chest being rigidly attachedto the said secondary diaphragm plate vopposite the diaphragm chambers therein and being 'removable with said secondary diaphragm plate, for the purpose described.

33. In pneumatic apparatus of they character designated, the lcombina-tion 'with the i said primary chest, y ondary diaphragm chest,:and common to all main tension or secondary Valve .and dia' phragm chest, of a primary Valve chest formed with a plurality of rprimary, valve passages and seats, with a plurality of diaphragm chambers and with a longitudinal tension chamber formed entirely wit-hin the independent of the secth'e saidprimary valve passages, and a detachable secondary diaphragm plate havin a plurality of diaphragm chambers forme therein communicating with the primary valve passages, said'primary valve chest being rigidly .attacked to the said secondary diaphragm plate opposite the diaphragm ,chambers therein and being removable With said secondary diaphragm plate, lfor the purpose described.

134. In pneumatic apparatus of the characmain tension or secondary valve and diaphragm chest, of a primary valyc chest having a plurality of valve passages and ,seats formed therein,` and an independent tension a 'detachable primary diaphragm iolate Aformed in one piece with a plurality olf diaphragm chambers coinciding with the 'Valve chambers in the said primary valye c'hest, and a single continuous strip of ilexi-bh.A lmaterial interposed and secured betyye'eiiihe opposed surfacesof the Vsaid primary "ralve phragm. pla-te., and aflording a dia hraglm for each .diaphragm y chamber,` for vt ie purpose described.

35. In pneumaticapparatus oit/the character designated, a tensionchest lia-ving a plurality of diaphragm chambers formed dil rect-ly in an external surface thereof and each con'imunicating directly and independently with the tension chamber in said chest. a detachable diaphragm plate common to the diaphragm chambers in the external face ofthe chest and formed With coinciding diaphragm chambers, anda strip of leather or other suitable flexible material interposed and secured between the opposed surfaces of the tension chest and the detachable primary plate, for the purpose described.

' 4 GEORGE P. BRAN l).

vitnessesa GEO. WMJliA'rT, D. XY. GARDNER.

ter designated, the combination with the.'

chamber formed entirely Within said tension" chest and common to all the Valve passages.

chest and tliesaid detachable primary dia-` diaphragin

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