US851934A - Electric elevator. - Google Patents

Description

No. 851,934. PATBNTED APR. 30, 1907. 'H. F. GURNEY.

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

APPLIUATION rum) APR.30.1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES:

INVENTOR PATENTED APR. 30,1907.

H. P GURNEY. I ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 30, 1906.

WITNESSES:

H. F. GURNEY.

PATENTED APR. 30, 1907.

BLEOTRIG ELEVATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED APR.30,1906.

WITN ES SES wmfz a SHEETS-SHEET s.

WA /w II INVENTOR ATTORNEY .UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE.

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

.ratentea April 30, 1907.

Application filed April 30,1906. Serial No. 314,398.

To (ZZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HowARn F. GURNEY, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, United States of America', have invented certain new and useful lm rovements in Electric Elevators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relat es to an electric elevator and its object is to simplify and improve upon apparatus of this kind, and to provide certain means for the safe and efficient operation of electric elevators.

I will describe my invention in the following specification and point out the novel features thereof in claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an electric elevator constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 with the motor removed and with certainparts shown in section. Fig. 3 is an enlarged end elevation of the brake and its connected parts. Fig. 4 is a detail of an automatic stop-motion switch. Fig. 5 is a detail of a part of the controller. Fig. 6 is a small diagrammatic view of an elevator hoisting apparatus built according tomy invention with a car connected thereto.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

10 designates the base upon which the various parts of the hoisting mechanism are mounted.

11 is a casing mounted upon thebaselO and arranged to support the various parts of the apparatus.

12 is an electric motor which is mounted upon the base 10 and the casing 11, and the shaft 13 of which is connected to a winding drum 14 through suitable gearing within the casing 1-1. p

15 designates the shaft of the winding drum 14. g

16 designates brackets which extend above the casing 11 and which are adapted to support the shaft 17 upon which a. traveling sheave 18 is mounted.

20 is a threaded shaft which is supported upon the casing '11 by means ofjournalboxes 21 21'. A gear-22 is loosely supported upon the threaded shaft 20. The inner portion ofthis gear 22 is rovided with screwthreads which mesh wlth the screw-threads of shaft 20. Its upper portion is provided contact 35 away from contact 36.

with gear-teeth which mesh with a gear 23 which is rigidly mounted upon the shaft 15 of the winding drum and arranged to move with the drum.

24 and 25 are adjustable collars, the inner portions of which may be threaded and arranged to be placed upon the threaded shaft 20 and held in place upon said shaft by setscrews 24A and 25A. These collars are provided with rejecting lugs 24B and 2515 which are at apted to engage, respectively, with similar lugs 22A and 2213 on the gear 22.

At one end of the threaded shaft 20 a cam member 26 is attached. One portion of this cam member 26 maybe provided with a sprocket-wheel26A. A sprocket-chain 26B is arranged to pass over this sprocket-wheel 26A and its ends are connected to a weight 260. Another cam member 27 is also rig: idly attached to the threaded shaft 20.

30 designates a stop-motion switch, the various parts of which are mounted upon a base 31 of slate or other suitable insulating material which is rigidly attached to the easing 11 by brackets 32 which connect this base 31 to the right-hand journal-box 21. The stop-motion switch 30 is shown somewhat in detail in Fi 4. It comprises a contact lever 33 which is pivoted at 34, and which carries at one end a contact 35. This contact 35 is normally held against a stationary contact 36 which is mounted upon the base 31, by a spring 37. The contact lever 33 may also carry an antifrietion roller 38. The stop-motion switch also comprises another contact-lever 39 which is similar to contact lever 33 and which has similar parts to those just described. The cam member 26 is placed between the antifri cti on roller 38, on the contact lever 33, and a similar antifriction roller on the contact 39. The cam' member carries an enlarged portion 26]) which is arranged to be moved against the antifriction roller 38 and to thereby cause the contact lever 33 to be moved against the action of the spring 37 so that it raises the The portion 26D is also arranged to be moved against theantifriction roller on contact lever 39 and to cause the latter to move its movable contact away from the stationary contact against which it normally rests.

40 designates a brake which comprises arms 41 and 42 which are pivoted at 41A and 42A to the base 10 and which are arranged to coact with a'brake-pulle'y 43 which may be mounted upon the motor shaft 13. This brake-pulley 43 may, if desired, be made in the form of a coupling and arranged to connect the end of the motor shaft 13 to another shaft 13A in alinement with the motor shaft and connected to the gearing within casing 11. The pivoted arms Y41 and 42 are arranged to be actuated by a weighted lever 44 which is pivoted at 44A to a bracket 19 which is connected to a part of the casing 11. 45 is a weight upon this lever 44, the position of which may be regulated and which may be held in place upon the lever 44 by a set-screw 45A. An antifriction roller 44B may be mounted upon the pivoted arm 44. This pivoted arm 4'4-is provided atone end with a projection 46 which is connected to the pivoted arm 42 by alink 46A. It is also provided with another projection '47 which is connected to the pivoted arm 41 by a link 47A, the length of which link may be adjusted by means of a screw 47B. The cam.

member 27 is arranged to be directly above the antifrictionnoller 4413 upon the lever 44. This c am member 27 is arranged to have two cam surfaces 27A and 27B at different distances from the center of threaded shaft 20, and these cam surfaces are arranged to engage with antifriction roller 44B and to actuate the pivoted lever 44 in a manner which will be pointed out fully hereinafter.

50 designates an electric controller, the various parts of which are mounted upon a base 51 of slate or other suitable insulating material. This base 51 is mounted upon the casing 11 and supported by a bracket 16A which projects from one of the brackets 16.

' This controller 50'co1nprises a starting switch 60, a reversing switch 70, and an automatic rheostat 80, all of which are arranged to be controlled and operated by an electromagnet '90. This electromagnet is of the solenoid type and comprises a 'frame91 which is C n act-plate 63 will rest upon stationary contacts 68 and 69. 5

mounted upon the casing 11. It also comprises a spool or winding 92 and a core 93. The lower end of this core 93 is connected by means of an adjustable rod 94 to the pivoted weighted lever 44 at 94A. The upper end of the core 93 is connected by a rod 95 to the piston 96 of a retarding device or air-cushion which comprises the piston 96 and an inclosed cylinder 96A in which the piston 96 moves. The rod 95' is continued above this air-cushion to a rod 61 of the starting switch and is attached thereto, and two movable .contact- plates 62 and 63 are connected to but insulated from this rod 61 and are, arranged to be moved up against stationary contacts 64,65 and 66, 67, respectively, as shown in Fig. 2, or to be moved down away from these stationary contacts, in which case the The reversing switch .70 comprises a rod 71 in alinement with the rod 61 and which carries contact- plates 72 and 73 which are arranged to be moved up against stationary contacts 74, 75 and 76, 77, respectively, or down against stationary contacts 78, 7 9 and 7 8A, 79A, respectively. This reversing switch is arranged to be held in either of its operative positions in a manner which will be described later.

100 designates a magnet which is arranged f to control the positions and the operation of the reversing switch 70. "This is shown somewhat in detail in Fig. 5. It comprises a magnet-frame 101, a winding 102 and a core.

103. This core 103 is connected by a rod 104 to a movable piece 105, which is arranged to carry a pin 106 which is in a slot 71B in a pendant 71A which is pivoted to the lower end of reversing switch rod 71. The movable piece 105 is also arranged to actuate a latch 107 which is pressed outward by a 1 51 of the starting switch 60 and the other end of the arm is associated with a rod 81 of the automatic rheostat 80. he lower end 01 this rod 81 is connected to the piston of a The movable piece 105 is fur- Jocdash-pot 82 and its upper end carries brushes 83,84 and 85 which are connected to therod 81. These brushes are arranged 'to be moved over stationary contacts 86, 86 to which resistances 87, 87 are connected. Aplate 85A is connected to but insulated from the upper.

brush 85 on the rod :81 and is arranged to connect-two stationary contacts 88: and 89 when it is at the upper end of its travel.

- When the starting switch 60 is'in'its'raised position the rod 81 of the automatic rheostat is allowed to move under the action of gravity at a predetermined rate of speed governed by the dash-pot82 down across the'stati0nary contacts 86, 86, and the pivoted arm 120 wi l move with it. The rod 61v of the starting portion'of pivoted arm 120.

130 designates an elevator-car which may switch, when it is in its raised position, will be moved above the travel of the right-hand be connected to the winding-drum 14 by means of ropes or cables- 131, which pass up over a sheave or sheaves 132 above the upper limit of the travel of the car, and thence down to the drum 14 to which they'are attached. A manually operated switch 133 may be placed in this car and electrically connected to the controller 50 and arranged so that an operator in the carmay control the starting,

stopping and reversing'of the motor 12. A

counterweight 134 may be connected to the other side of the winding-drum 14 by means of ropes or cables 135 which pass over a stationary sheave 136 and over a traveling sheave 18 on the hoisting mechanism and to the drum 14 to which they are attached- I have pointed out the, various parts of my apparatus and will now describe their operation.

Whenever an operator moves the switch 133 to start the elevator, the magnet 90 01" the controller 50 is connected by suitable electrical circuits to a source of electrical supply through the car switch 133. The winding 92 Will'tllfil'l be energized and will raise its core 93. This will cause the weighted pivoted lever 44 to be raised and torelease the brake, and through its various connections to release the arms 41 and 42 from the. brake-pulley 431 It will at the same time raise contacts 62 and 63 of the starting switch against stationary contacts 64, 65 and 66, 67, and will thereby connect circuits to the motor which will cause the latter to start.

. The rod 61 of the starting switch will thereby brought against the brake-pulley 43.

be raised up above the right-hand end of the pivoted arm 120 and the rod of the automatic rheostat' will allow its contacts to move downward over stationary contacts 86, 86 under the control of dash-pot 82- and will thereby cause the resistances 87, 87 to be out out of the motor circuit. If the arm 71 of the reversing switch is held in its upper position, by latch 107 engaging with projection 71C on reversing switch rod 71, the movement of the starting switch will have no effect upon the reversing switch. The contacts 1 1 1 and 112 which magnet 100 controls are then connected by contact 110 and the circuits are in proper connection for operating the motor and its connected car in one direction.

The operator may stop the motor and car by bringing the car-switch back to its central'position, in which case the magnet will be denergized and will allow its core 93 brought together by the action of gravity on" the lever 44. The amount of pressure of these arms on the brake-pulley may be regulated by'shifting the position of weight 45v which, together with the core 93 and its connected parts, causes the arms 41 and 42 to be The first movement of rod' 61 will open the motor circuits; a further movement will cause the right-hand end of pivoted arm 120 to be cletacts 86, 86 and thereby include-resistances 87, S7 in the motorcircuit, and to bridge stationary contacts 88 and 89.

The starting and stopping of the motor, as above described, may be repeated indefinitely. If, however, the operator desires to start the motor and the car in the opposite direction he will move the car-switch 133 in the opposite direction. In this case the circuits which are completed will pass throu h magnet and cause the latter to move t 1e latch 107 back away from projection 71C, and at the same time will move pendant71A back out of the path of movement of rod 61 of the starting switch. The contacts 72 and 73 of the reversing switch will then be al-' lowed to dropdown on the contacts 78, 79 and 78A, 79A and this will cause the circuits to the motor to be made in the opposite direction when the starting switch isclosed. The operator may stop the motor in the manner previously described and may repeat this operation ,indefinitely as the circuit from the car-switch to the magnet 90 passes through magnet 100. Whenever the operator moves the switch in this second direction the magnet 100 will move the pendant 71A away from the path of travel of rod 61 so that the reversing switch contacts 72 and 73 will remain in their lower position. As soon, however, as the operator moves the oar-switch 133 to the first position described, the magnet 90 will be energized but themagnet 100 will not be energized, and in this case, when the rod 61 of the starting switch is raised, it will en age with pendant 71A and raise it and rod 71 of the reversing switch up until the latter is engaged and supported by the latch 107. Thus it may be seen that the 'partsare so arranged that the reversing switch'is held in either one of its operative positions as long as the operator desires to start the car in one direction, and that the position of the reversing switch does not changeexcept when it is desired to change double-acting so that when the magnet 90 is energized and raises-itscore the upper ortion of the' movement of the core and its onnected parts will be retarded; and similarly,

part of the movement of the core 93 and its connected parts will be retarded. Therefore, the end of both the upward and downward movement of the parts will be gradual and will thus be free from noise and jar.

' I will now describe the operation of the means which I have invented for bringing the car to rest automatically when it has reached the limit of its travel. I have shown that the gear 23 moveswith the winding drum 14. This gear 23 causes the gear 22 which is in mesh with it to be rotated on the threaded shai't 20 and thereby causes th gear .22 to have a longitudinal movement to one side or the other, according to the direction of rotation of the drum 14. justable collars 24 and 25 are so set that their projections 24B or 25B engage with the projections 22A or 22B whenever the ear approaches one end or the other of its travel. Let us for example say that the car is appreaching the downward limit of its traveland that the gear 22 is moved to the left, in

which case the projection 22A engages with projection 24B on the adjustable collar 24;

the two parts will then be locked together and the gear 22 will thereby cause the threaded shaft 20 to turn in an. anti-clockwise direction with it. This will cause the cam member 26 and 27 to be rotated. The

first e'li'ect oi' this rotation of the cam members will be that of the projecting portion 26B 7 of cam member 26 engagin with the anti friction'roller 38 on contact Iever 33 to move contact 35-away from contact 36. These contacts are electrically connected with the circuit of the car-switch 133 and will break the same circuit that the operator would f break if he would move the car-switch back to its OH or stop position. .In other words, it would break the circuit through magnet winding 920i magnet 90 and cause the motor circuit to be broken and the brake to be applied in the manner already described. A further rotation of threaded shaft 20 will close the cam iace 27A of cam member 27 t6 engage with 'antifriction roller 4413 on the pivoted weighted lever 44 and will thereby pull the core 93 and its connected parts downward and thereby mechanically sepa-- rate movable contacts 62 and 63 from sta-. tionary contacts 64,- 65 and 66, 67, if, for any reason, they had not dropped away from.

them when the magnet 90 was denergized.

A still further rotation of threaded shaft 20 will cause cam-face 27B of the cam member 27 to engage with the antifriction roller 44B and to t ereby force the lever 44 downward and thereby force the brake- arms 41 and 42 ontobrake-pulley 43 with great power. 6::

automatic stop-motion which I have in-' Itmay be seen from the above that the I vented. has three distinct steps, the first of which breaks the operating circuit, the sec 0nd of which mechanically opens the motor- The adcircuit, and the third of forces on the brake-arms under great power.

Whenever the threaded shaft 20 is moved, as above described,- the sprocket-chain 26B will be moved by the sprocket-wheel 26A then cause'the threaded shaft 20 and its connected parts to be returned again to. their original positions.

When the car reachesthe .other end of its travel the projection 22B on the gear 22 will engage with the projection 25B and the adjustable collar-25 and will cause the va-' rious parts previously described to be op erated in a similar manner to brmg the holstmg.

mechanism and the car to rest.

What I claim 1S;--- 1 In an electric elevator, the combination of a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a starting switch, a reversing switch and an automatic rheostat, and an. electromagnet arranged to control the starting switch, the reversing switch and the automatic rheostat.

2. In an electric elevator, the combination of a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a starting switch, a reversing switch, an automatic.

rheostat'and a brake, and an electromagnet arranged to control the starting SWltOhe the reversing switch, the automatic rheostat and the brake.

'3. In an electric elevator, tlie combination of a hoisting mechanism, a meter, a reversing switch therefor having two operative positionsiand arranged to be held in eitherof' said operative positions, an electrically actue ated' starting switch for said motor, saidswitch being entirely independent of the".

reversing switch, and means for mechanicallji connecting the reversing switch to move wit the starting switch."

4. Ina'n'electric elevator, the eombination of a hoisting-mechanism, a motor, a brake, a

reversing switch for the motor having two operative positions and arranged to'beheld in either of said operative positions, a start-' ing switch, an electromagnetf arranged; to

actuate the brake and; the starting switch-.- independently of the reversing switch, and} Q versing switch to be actuated by the'electromagnet with the? brake and the. starting '5. ;Inan electric,elevator, thec'ombinationi I of a hoisting mechanism 'a' motor, a reversing means for mechanically; connecting the reg switch therefor having two operativeHpos1- 1- tions and arranged to be held said operative positions, a startin witohilf'.

an electromagnet arranged to actuate the starting switch independently of the reversing switch, an air-cushion arranged to con trol the movement of the electromagnet,

and means for mechanically connecting the reversing switch to be actuated by the elec tromagnet with the starting switch.

6. In an electric elevator, the combination of a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, an automatie'rheostat for the motor, a reversing switch having two operative positions and arranged to be held in either of said operative positions, a starting switch, an electromagnet arranged to actuate the brake and the starting switch independently of the reversing switch and to control the automatic rheostat, and means for mechanically connecting the reversing switch to be moved by the electromagnet with the brake and the starting switch.

. 7. In an electric elevator, the combination of .a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, an automatic rheostat for the motor, a dashpot for controlling the action of the rheostat,

a reversing switch for the motor having two operative positions and arranged to be held in either of said operative positions, a starting switch, an electromagnet arranged, when energized, to actuate the starting switch and the brake independently of the reversing switch and to control the automatic rheostat,

. tor arranged to be-actuated independently of the reversing switch, means for mechanically connectmg the reversing swltch to be moved by the starting switch into its second operative position, and an electromagnet for controlling the connecting means and for releas ing the latch to allow the reversing switch to move back into its first operative position.

9. In an electric elevator, the combination of a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a starting switch therefor, a brake, an electromagnet arranged to control the starting switch and the brake, and an automatic stop-motion actuated by the motor and arranged to successively de-energize the electromagnet, to force open the starting switch, and to force on the brake. A

10. In an electric elevator, the combination of a hoisting mechanism, a motor, an

' f electrically actuated starting switch therefor,

an electrically actuated brake, an electromagn switch and the brake, a switch arranged to et arranged to control the starting.

, control said magnet, and an automatic stopmotion actuated by the movement of the motor and arranged to successively open said magnet-controlling switch, to mechanically force' open the starting switch and to mechanically force on the brake.

11. In an electric elevator, the combination of a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a starting switch, a reversing switch, an automatic rheostat, an electromagnetarranged to control the starting switch, the brake and the automatic rheostat, and an automatic stop-motion actuated by the movement of the motor and arranged to successively deenergize the electromagnet to force open the starting switch and to force on the brake.

12. In an electric elevator, the combination of a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, a reversing switch for the motor having two operative positions and arranged to be held in either of said operative poshions, a starting switch, an electromagnet arranged to actuate the starting switch independently of the reversing switch, an air-cushion arranged to control the movement of the electromagnet, means for mechanically connecting the reversing switch to be actuated by the electromagnet with the starting switch, and an automatic stop-motion actuated by themovement of the motor and arranged to successively de-energize the electromagnet to force open the starting switch and to force on the brake.

13. In an electric elevator, the combination of a hoisting mechanism, a motor, a brake, .a reversing switch for the motor, said reversin switch having a movable member arranged to .be held in one operative position a by gravity and in a second operative position by a latch, an electrically actuated starting switch for the motor arranged to be actuated independently of the reversing switch, an electromagnet for actuating the starting switch and the brake, means for mechanically connecting the reversing switch to be moved by the starting switch into its second operative position, and a second electromagnet for controlling the connecting means and for releasing the latch to allow the reversing switch to move back to its first operative position, and an automatic stop-motion actuated by the movement of the motor and arranged to successively rte-energize both electromagnets to mechanically force open the starting switch and to mechanically force on the brake.

14. In an electric elevator, the combination of a winding-drum, a motor, intermediate mechanism connecting the winding-drum and the motor, a brake, a switch arranged to control the brake, a starting switch for the motor, an electromagnet arranged to control the starting switch and the brake, a threaded shaft connected to run with the windingdrum, a traveling nut on said threaded shaft,

{53 v v v 851,934;-

adjustable collars associated with said trav, In testimony whereof I have signed my eling nut, and a cam arranged to be actuated name to this specification in the presence of by said traveling nut and adjust-able collars two subscribing witnesses.

and arranged to successively open the mag- HOWARD F. GURNEY. net-controlluig switch to mechanically force Witnesses: I

'open the starting switch and to mechanically E. K. LITTLE,

force on the brake. FRANK GREENLEAF. I

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