US851624A - Pneumatic tool. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTED APR. 2a, 1.907.

C. H. HAESELER.

PNEUMATIG TOOL. APPLIUATIQN FILED 14213.21. 1907.

CHARLES H. HAESELER, OF RAND COMPANY,

NEw Youn, N. Y., AssieNoE iicoEPoEA'rioN or NEW JERSEY To INGEEsoLL- Pavetlwlario Toot..

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apre 2s, 1907 Application filed February 2l, 1907. Serial No. 358,605.

To all wwnt 'it "mrtg concern:

Be it -known that l, CHARLES LER, of New York city, in the county of New Yorl and in the State ol New York, have invented' a certainnew and useful Improvement in Pneumatic Tools; and l do hereby Ideclare that the lfollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which-fi i Figures 1 -and 2 are longitudinal, sectional 'ie ws of a pneumatic tool embodying my invention, the parts being shown in different positions 3 and Figs. 3 and 4' are respectively a side elevation, and a longitudinal, sectional vicwof the valve-box and ring. showing the sealing devices. .The object of 'my provide a pneumatic tool in which the construction' shall be exceedingly" simple; in which the air passages shall be few and direct, so that they lmay be easily formed and cleaned; in which the valve shallhave a positive and certainaction, in which the sh'all halvegbutfone .wearing surface, so that it may be accurately vfitted in the valve-chamber; and .so that the wearI shall be unil'orm and shall all take'place upon a single surface andlthus it may be easily,compensated for;

'in which the valve shall move transversely to the length of the tool-casing, and shall be of relatively small diameter, whereby the length ofthe tool-casing may be l shortjin which the valve shall be capable of .being made of alength considerably greater tha-nits diameter,` whereby .all tendency of the valve tov cramp and trick maybe avoided; and in which access to the sealed so as to` prevent unauthorized intcrference wi h the valve; andto such ends my invention consists in the pneumatic.--tool hereinafter specified.

In the accompanying-- illustrated what l .consider to be the best embodiment of my invention, but such embodiment is only chosen for illustration, and it .is to be understood that the invention is capable of embodiment in other forms.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, my invent-ion is shown "as applied to a' hamdrawings I have incr, although the invention is applicable to any fool having a'piston.V

'In the drawings the chipping-tool A 1s shown as seated in a block B` liav iugv a bore adapted to receive thetool, the tool and bore' H., HAEsE- invention has been to relatively t valve can be .the valve-box and partly come into proper ports, a pin f to act like4 the under being of polygonal form to prevent. the tool from turning, The,b'lock B is mounted in the end of a 'preferably cylindrical `casing C, in whichis formed -a bore D, having in it a' hammer inthe form of' a piston E, The end 6o of the bore opposite the tool is closed 'by a cylindrical valve-box F'that is held inplace over thebore 'by a'cap G, the latter having a recess to reccivethe' valve-box, and being screwed onto the casing by a thread l1. 6 5 'Dowel pins insure the proper location of the valve-box on the cylinder, so that the portions of the ports which are' forn'ied partly in in the cylinder will .alincnient The cap is 7cprovided with the usual hadle having a con'- nectionfor the hose, and 4with a -valve for controlling the passage of; air from the hose into the hammer. I The air enters byI apassage l into a chamber K and passes by a port. 7 5 L into the valve-chamber M; ,The valvechamber consists of the simiplc cylindrical bore passing through thel valve-box from side to site, thc ends of thechamber being closed by a. ring l\` that is fitted over the 8o ,valve-box. I' f In order, to insure that 'the various holes *which it isv necessary 'to make through the ring to permit exhaustDfi-o n the-ports .in the valve-box shall always aline with the said is secured in -the valve-box, and a slot n `is formedin 'the ring to engage the said pin. The valve C) consists of 'a cylindrical body havingtwo necks or gooves or and o respectively formed therein, which are 9o` side of a D-valve. The

air from the port L is transmitted :either to the upper or lower end of the hammer-bore, according as the groove o is in communication with the port L as in Fig. 1, o r the groove 9 5 0 as in Fig. 2. y*When the groove o is in communication with the port li, as in F ig. 1, the live air from the port L passes through a series of ports P into a port P extending down the wall of the casing and ending in a port P2 ioo that opensinto the hammer-bore below. the lower limit o the travel of thehaminer. The

' live airrea'ches the upper end of the hammerbore through which communicates.

a port Q with theport L through the groove o when the valve is `in therposition of Fig-2. The exhaust tromthe'lower end of the cylinder is through the-ports P2, P and P, and by way of the groove o out through ports It which cxtendf'rorn the valve-bore-through the valvei 1o vvalve-box and into th 'A the provision of a 'i 5 larger -than the The' Avalve [gnent .end of the valve.

box into an :annular 4passage Ssurrounding thevalve box, andthence through abore T tothe atmos here. The exhaust fromfthe upper end o f t e cylinder is by the port Q through the groove oand through portsU opening -rom the valve-bore through the e passage S, and thence to the atmosphere through the port T. has a constant pressure upon one end by the very small port V from he recess K into one end'of the valve-bore, the pressure being reduced below the normali-live airA port lV and.- Which 'affords communica-tici''1 port V thus produces a constant but reduced .pressure upon thev ad- The oppositeend ofthe valve-bore communicates by ports .Y, Y and Y2 With the hammer-bore ata point Where a groove or neck-E in the ham. vmer is in line With the bore when the ham-l -mer 1s at the-lower end of it-sstroke. In thisI position the said Igroove admits the; live air through'a-port Zin the' om the 'recess -wall of the casing, which port communicates the ort Z vthat' Thus, when V,the groove E. is in ports Y2, Y and'Y to the 4end X of the valveebore, and produces pressure f' onfthe adjacent end'oli'the valve at the nor'- sis . mttedfby the port W, Ato the opposite end exhaust ort.A municatew en the h parts being inthe position illustrated mal-pressure .of the air in the hos'eg'a'nd as this pressure isgreater than the pressure perthe valve Will be'forc'edV l A v The ,port Y passesdownward into the casing beyond` the port LY tolap'o'rt Y3 vopening into the loWerend of the 'piston-bore, 'the port With which it can comammerhas begunv to travel'backward on its return stroke.

" In the operation of my pneumatic tool, the

'1111 vFig- "2, the live alr entering the passage I passes through the port Vland at a reduced pressure maintains the valve in the position of Fig. 2.. In' this position' the air passes through the port -L and by Way of the groove o to the port Q and, drivesthe hammer down. The air ahead of the hammer exhausts through the port A 'and through the portsl, P and P,l passin through the -groove o and out through t e exhaust ports R. When the 1hammer has reached a' position in which the groove E -acords communication between the ports Z-,and Y2, the'live air passes-to the end X of the valve-bore, and, producing a passage of live lair through a l y v pressure by port W Whichis somewhat With the exhaust space 'S. The air enteringthe -bore 'at t elevel of thel port Y?. 3o'.- properposition, live air.

asses fromthe recess K through the groove.' f and 4bythe of its chamber. The harnr'ner 1s 4long eno'ugh'so'that the ports .Z Yarenot uncovered by thehanimer on -I itslfbackward' stroke.

Y3 being opposite it back;

is obtained to them by workmen trained in caring for them, and

valves, I h'ave devised ltiofILof'the Vplug B2 oil", would immedia saliese to the osition o1 Fig. 1. In this position of the va ve,'the live air from the port L passes by the groove o to theports P', P. and Pand, acting on the lower end of the hammer, forces During this movement the air4 abovethe hammerexhausts bythe port Q and groove o vthrough the exhaust po'rt U, annular recessv S, ,and e'xhaustport T. ,l/Yhen the hammer vthe ports Y3 and A", the air from the spaceX exhausts by the ports Y', vY'-' and Y3 through the port A reduced pressure from the-port Vto again. return the valve to 'the' position of- Fig. 2'. Theparts have now been restored to the posit-ion of Fig. 2, and the cycle is repeated. j

In order that the valves of pneumatic.- 'tools maywvork easily andat prevent all possible leakagefof air, it is nec-I essary that they and the parts connected 'therewithf'be made" with AaI very high stand# ard of workmanship. The valv es are, therefvore.peculiarly liable to injury When'access not-specially yet,vowing to' the presence-of dirt, rust or gummedoil, or owingto their Wear, it is occasionally neces! saryto get at them. Itis desirable 15o-have-l onlyspecially trainedlworknien care for su'c'h valves, and in order to insure that thosek not authorized .shall not ."interfere With' the .about to describe.v A hole A2 is bored through the' ring N that iitsaroundthe valve-box and in to the body of the valve-box, and a plug B of some soft,- material is inserted in said hole. The material whichA I preferv touse is .celluloid of some peculiar color, such as tortoise-shell. An

.unauthorized lperson is less. likely to be able' `to duplicate a peculiar color of Celluloid than afcommon-color, such as White. 4As a further precaution,` the exposed end of Ithe-plug vis impressed With some die, 'as Witl the letters .I-R shoWn,rso vthat any mutilation Will at once be apparent. As a further precaution the hole A?. through the. ring A.Nis

made larger' than the hole in thevalve-box, so thatif the ring N were driven off,- the porwhich Wouldv be sheared.

the plug, would .not'support such sheared-.of ortion: To prevent the entire plug B2 om Working outinto the space S, a hole C? is,bored' from 'a face of the valve-box (prefer'ably the-under face) .to intersect with the e hole A2, and a plugD2 is'driven into saidhole and through 'a hole inthe plug B2, thus lockingfthe larger plug in place.A The plug B2 could shake out into the passage S surrounding the ring N, Which passage is used for exhaust purposes, if it were not for the'piug D2. he latter 'plug has no opportunity to escape, because inthe assembledposition ofthe f has returned enough to uncover the same timel the seal which. Ijam tely fallinto the exhaust f space, because, the hole'AZ, being larger than bore, aring surrounding said valve-box, aliniirgf holes formed through said ring and valve-box, and a plug of special, -soft material inserted in said holes. l

9. In a pneumatic hammer, thel combination oi a cylinder, a piston-hammer therein,

.a cylindrical valve-00X seated on the upper end of said cylinder, said valve-box having a bore formed therein, a valve mountedI in said bore, a ring surrounding y said valve-box, alining holes formed through 4said ring and said'valve-boX, and aplug of special, soit inaterial inserted in `said holes, an exhaust space being-formed laround said ring, ahole being formed in the upper surface of said vave-box and intersecting said rst mentioned hole, a

vsecond plug of soft material inserted'in said last'inentioned hole, and ahandle secured on the upper end .of the tool and coveringl the exposed end of sf- 'd second plug. l

10. In a pne" .ratio hammer, the combination of a cylinder, a piston-hammer therein, a cylindrical' valve-'boxfseated onthe upper endv of said cylinder, said valve-box having a bore formed therein, a valve niountedin said bore, a ring` surrounding said valve-box,

Aalining holes vformed through said ringY vand saidA valve-box, and a plug' of special, soft material inserted in said holes, the exposed end of said plug having a design thereon to prevent mutilation, an exhaust space being formed around said ring, a hole beine; formed .1n the upper surface of said valve-box and intersecting said first mentioned hole, a second plugv of soft materia-l inserted lnsaid last mentioned hole, and a handle secured on the upper end ofthe tool and covering-the eX- posed end of said second plug. f

l 1. In a pneumatic hammer, thecombination of a cylinder, a piston-hammer mounted therein, a valve-boxat one end of' the cylinder, a cylindrical valve mounted ina bore formed inl saidboX transverse to the'axis of the cylinder, said valve consisting of a relatively long, solid cylindrical body havin-g two annular grooves formed therein, .a sup- 4ply port in the upper part oi said valve-box,

ports opening from the'valve-bere 'respectively into the upper and lower ends ofthe cylinder, a live air and an exhaust port'communicating with one end oi' the valve-bore,.-

.the exhaust port being largerv than thefs'upalternately placed position to connect said port in the topf-of said valve-boxsalternatelyA 'with the ports communicating with the opposite ends of the'cylinder.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto `set my hand.- A

,. CHARLES' H. H l-.ISELEIL YWitnesses:

WiLLIAu R. ioiimu's, IYHALLL Il. .-iuiis'riioxc.

Images