US851433A - Calculating-machine. - Google Patents

Description

A. J, FQSTANS. CLCULATMJG Mmmm.

APPLIATIN FILED MAB.. l2, 1906.

2 EERSTE-5551335? Wz'ftness es UNITED srnriisfrnnr orrion.

ARTHR JAMES POSTANS, 'OF PUTNER ENG-LAND.

oALeULATxNe-MAoHiNE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

l Patented April 23, 1907.

Application filed March l2, 1906. Serial No. 305.651.

To all whom t 11e/Illy concern:

Be it known that i., ARTHUR JAMES Posl This invention relates to improvements in ualculsting ina-shines, more especially those for ees-ting up columns of figures, and has for its object to provide a maehine in Whieh two or more registering drums may he independently operated luy keys allotted to ein-h, without interfering with the oarryii1g-on meehsnism operating between them to poss the total of, szi-y, the units drum'on to the tens drum. h

The invention has further reference to e Imriieuler Construction of eerrying-on methenism Whieh may he more positive than -those at present in use, and e 'further fenture of the invention has reference to the medil anism lor 't1-meme ell the d run is or nidiestors to zero.

ln e mnihine in whifgh units keys only are employed, all that is necessary for operating the marhine is to drive the units drum hy ineensof the keys and rnrry-o;` hy any snintle mounting methenism from the units to the tens, hundreds and other drums. li, however, it is desired to employ tens keys, hinnli'eds keys, ete., in addition to the units keys, it netessary that thev tens und hundreds drums must lie operated independently hy their respective keys. At the seme time the units drum must he elz-le to "carryon to the tens and the tens to the hundreds, ete., 'without interfering with the independent operation of these drums hy their respective keys. For this purpose it is nee.- esszny that the shell only come into operation et the moment when the units, or other drum passing` its l olnl on, is turning .from the 9 to the Zero, and su'fh inethanisni must lie autonmiieslly dis.r onneoted direellywilter opernl ion.

'lhe whole meehnnism is enelosed in asuitnaie i using having one or more apertures with whil h the numhers on the. registering drums ere mede to register in turn to indi/.ete the. total es is usuel with machines of this class.

" 1n the eeoompenying drawings :-Fignre l e. perspective view of the zeroing mennen B1. ism constructed eooordrng vto this invention, l verres fnrmgrding to the v Carrying-on l meel'isnism and also shows e. known method of operating thennits drum 5 Fig. 2 is e perspective vienY showing` n form of earryingnon mechanism eonstrueted according to this invention;

, Fig. 3 is a, perspective view of the (mei-sting mechanism for the tens drum 5 F 4 is o. horizontal section through the end of the zeroing' sh ait shown in Fig. l l: and Fig. .5 is en end elevation of e modil'ied form oi.' earrying-on mechanism constructed according to this invention.

Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

The nniohine shown in the drawings is for adding only, endv is of that type in whiohn transverse. sho-tt A, normally stationery, is employed for carryingT the registering drums which may very in number nmording to the velue et the computations intended to he el'eeted hy the machine. The units drum l5 is shown in Fig. 2 but in Fig. l il;- is ren'ioved. in order that the operating mechanism muy h' dearly shown. Fast to tl'ie. units drum is o. toothed Wheel B1 free to rotate on the shaft A, and. it is by impartingr movement to l this wheel that the drum is rotated..

Beside the Wheel B1 n second toothed wheel C is mounted and carries en erm C1 having' pawl C? of the Wheel El. Engine-ing the Wheel is e tooth rook D free to' swine; upon e shaft D and normally held in the position shown in the drawings by o spring` hereinafter referred to. The reak is secured to rocking tro-ine lf2? v'ith one end of which e series of kej.7 levers D ienne. The keys are not shown in the drawings, 'out eheh lever D3 nos an extension D1 which proyeets outside the easing in which. the iv ole mechanism may he e' dosed, und carries the key, ns will he readily understood. .lllseh key lever else hss en' erm U5 eonneeted to' some part of the freine ol the machine lw e spring` l" which returns the .key to Ithe i. position otter it has been depressed. rook D lis normuliy meinte-ined in vthe position shown in the dren/ine hy n. spring` D opersting upon the rocking ironie D2;

Vhen the units key is depressed, the freine D is rocked and the toothed. rsi-ek D moved in the direction indicated oy the arrow, se that the wheel C- rotated and the arm C1 drown backward. During this movement movenion t The ernennt of this f-rwew" deo IGC pressed sind tigheii the key is released the erin (l1 returns under the action. of the spring; .D7 end carries with it the wheel B1 and thus (he units drum B. Each tooth on the wheel ,lll corresponds tonno of the numhers on the units drum, so that the drum will he roto( ed tlirough en angle corresponding' to one, two,

. B1. l n the erin C n. pin C mounted which at the end of' the movement ol" the `anni strikes the puvvl El and presses it down into engage nient withv the wheel B? to prevent overrun- .ning of the drinn, hut as soon :is the iufm moves away from the pawl E, the letter .rises and leaves the wheel B1 free to rotate in the @drance direction. r l

All the mechanism so lar described with 'reference to the drawings is of known construction and forms no part oithe present invein'ion but is introduced to ineke clean the operation of the parte to' which this invention refers.'u Such mechanism has, however, so .fitr heen only employed ior operating' the unite drinn, hut according to this invention similar incehnnisin is employed to independentljt` operate the tens drum and may he lurther applied to the hnndre ls nndother drums, ii. deeired.

The tens drums F, shown in Fig'. 3, is mounted heside the units drum and has foot. upon it n Wheel il" corresponding lo The wheel ll of the units drum. Beside this, nnd Vfree upon the .shalt A, is a 'toothed wheel G corresponding` to the wheel C of the units drinn, and this carries Ysin erm (l having a. springconi'rolled pziwl G2 for the purpose of operetine` the wheel F* in preciselyY the sinne manner as already described in connection w'th the units drum. in Fig. 2 the wheel G shown in pince beside the units drum, but the erm *G attached to this Wheel is omitted ior the Seite of clenriiess. The wheel is engaged hy n revit irl o rated hy the tens here in any eonreinent minier, euch, for instance, ns tlint described with retort-*nce to the reel: ll". 7Phe rock ll ie springr controlled, either through the key mechanism or hy other ineens, and normally is mninteinei'l in such position that the pin Gf on the :.Lrni (l @orresponding to the pin C on the arm been; against the pnwl for preventing' ovcrrulining` of the drum l? but when the drum to lie operated the rock is displaced and rolutesv the wheel G first in one direction :ind then in the other. "f

Belege llo e l'l'oct the cairi'ingmn l'roni the drum B to the drum l*` n carin J is made i'cst to the sido ol the units drum ll und en irm l is pivoteil to :i shell'. :zt ille rear ol' the siiel't A, con- Venicntly the sh: lit E2 already referred to :is carrying ihe paiwls lll El. The erin l( extends over the ein i :ind carries :L roller li which rides upon the periphery of the cem mid ot the required moment drops over u stop J ol1 the eem, Pivotcd to the erin li :it l@ n linger l which depends zn', the side ol the cztni J und is controlled hy L spring K .so that normally il. is kept-ngninnt 2i, stop K on the nin K. lho free end of the finger K has e claw or deient K disposed in the mine plane :is the Wheel G hut the spring K hy normally retraining` the linger against the stop l@ holds the detent end K of the linger elezir of the wheel G, whatever position may he occupied by the erin K.

.lt will he seen that ns the units drum ll rotetes the com J carried around so that the nrm K isl gradually raised until its roller l@ felling over the J1 :allows the erin to he drawn down to its lowest position by n controlling springl is already stated, the finger K3, if lett to itself, would fall clear of the Wheel G when the .n drops in this' manner. but the emu. hos e pin il which lies in the pelli of n, lateral projection o1 Striking' plate l@ on the inger K3. It results ihereore thutns 'the step J1 on the com J approaches the roller lil oi the erin l, the pin J is brought against the striking plete l on the linger li and is il; adveneen (-erries the linger in tower-ds the wheel By the time the rollei l@ drops over the step l1 of the. cam, the detent li of the linger l has been brought into euengcnient with the teeth of (he wheel G so that its the nrn'i K drops, ille detent rnrries the wheel hoeliwzird. f '.lfliis movement disploces the toothed reel: il ogoinst the oelion ol its returning' spring, hui., immediately the nieveinont of' the erm l is completed, the datent K6 is withdrawn from the wheel Ur which allows the wheel to he returned hy the reci; to its norinail position of rest. .l'he drop oi' the erin K le sullii-ient to Corry the wheel (l round such :i disenre that the powl :nmv G1 in rotated through en ongle suilieient to lfing the pnwl i" over the next tooth of the tens drum l?, and consequently: when the vwheel .s ,re :fowl liv he wel.. ll, the. drum in i-dvzriicei-l one loof.. [hunincreasing 'the corded total the desnrd ernennt.

l'iie release. ol' lhc detent K from the wheel (fl is eli'ccled hy nothing ille striking platte K of suf-h li nglh. i het when the anni l 1s dropped to its lowest posilien' the whole of the plaie K lies .below ihn pin' il? The pin is thus free to coiniinie iis forward morcmzixi with the com, and the linger K" swings out leer ol the wheel G under the action ol its sp1 ing` K".

lit e key he depressed to advance the units iro a distance'equal to, say, four.. addi-.- tional units, whereas a movement equal to,

only one unit is su l'oient tobrin l.the stepdt of'the'cam J benea' the roller l L-for record.

.5` in another ten o n thetens drum," it isdesin: ab e tov provide means to prevent the, rapid:

movement of' the drum B and consequently? the. cam J from bringing the pin J." forciblyl against the projection K8 on the finger K-be.-

ro fore the arm K has had time to drop.'a It will be seen that if thisoccurred the mechanism would become locked, as further advance ofthe units drum wouldbe prevented by thethe pin J3 and catch K is sojgauged that the pin will be brought against the 'catch and mo- Vmentarily lock the drum B at the instant ythe l roller K* passes over the steppJl-ofthe cam. 2 5 This ensures that the arm K shall have timel to drop' before any further advance o f the in 'J 2 can takeplace. u y i dropped, the pin 'Jzris freey to advance,.and the catch K, having` dropped With it; noA longer stops the advanceof the p in J 3.so that the drum B continues its rotation apparently without check 3., it Will be appreciated that this arrangement ensures a positive. *action` of .the partsfi'.; 35.

entirely free of the carrying-on. mechanism except at the moment of carrying-on", the' -drurn F can always be itselrl operated directly by the teris keys allotted thereto.

4o, It will be-seen that the cam J, as shQivnin the drawings, is al double earn having. two steps J1 J* respectively,"and each half of the cam has a pin corresponding to the and another corresponding to the1 pm J2 45 This however is mere duplication and' is in-.

troduced because it is convenientto provide f adouble set of iigures on'the drum B so that at each half revolution the units drum cornpletes its record and passes from 9 to zero.

5o Another construction of carrying-on mechanism, applicable ,between the units and tens drums, and adapted to 'leave the latter free for independent operation, is shown 1n -end elevation in Fig. 5. In thisr'orni of appa- 5 5 ratus the operating mechanism for the tens drum comprises, as before, a spring-controlled toothed raokL, corresponding to the rack Il, and. a toothed wheel L? gearingr therewith and corresponding to the wheel G; the wheel but as this has already been fully described with reference to Figs. l to 3, it is unneces- By leaving the. wheel G of amiens in J? L carries a pawl arm similar to. the arrn G1, l

corresponding to4 the carn- J, having stepsv Mt but in. Plas@ oipilis Jt. ssgmeptelrsteps ,Mzale. nroifiQd.di`A 'A pivotedalln N1: 0.9.11.-1 "trolle'dfbyfa ring. N1 extends-over the/,cani M; 'findf'carnes-arl1er- N? which ries the periphery fhec'mrthese "arts-wrm: .Slim1,1Eli-llgftqfthffl` armV andi r0.1. K1.' 1.1.1.; Pace, hweyer, 'off the finge- Kiyajwedgef: jshapedfifngei;lN,a pivote to,y th alima lies between the;pin'L.-on`a jeg centreoftheshaft az'carryingfthernechahi 111,. the wedgeNs.- slides ireely upon' the p fl of 8.o. the racky L, as thearmN rises, but just` before thev roller i 1 dro s over one of; the steps M1 on the cam, one o the segmentsMz. isbrouglvitl into. pston'mmedatly behind the. wedge.'

wedge, being unable to', move towards the' shaft A1, forcestliei pin L in' al direction away from theshaft'.' vTher wedgeis of'snclr Width that'it displaesthe and consefluently the'rf'wk 'Lm .suffisent distan@ te 9.a move. the pawl` arm carried fbth'whee Ll` 'back 911.6' 500th '.15 reachedits low'. tip '.Olll/.h the Wed ehaslassedjb @Wt i operation'positive intheisarne mann A.as h

catch K and pin J? render the devine.v p ie` "Viously" dslrbesl PQS'VVe! tht'- i3 ''SM .with aria 01.113@ it: might he passible' temete ies .the l1-lits drum." S0. epelrthjat thallia Airoluld t pass the wedge before the 'latter liadf dropped,v4

Whereasthe-Segnfentsfrnay be .1ade dfsuel1 len .th that' thev complete movement-of the we ge isfensured before the segment passes.

I I O As already mentioned, 'any nuinbgr'fol; drums iiray he mounted on the sliaftAvl/itll either the carrying-on mechanism de'- seribed, or any suitablev form'o -carryinr. on meehanisln,` disposed between them, an with all maohinejof this kind, it is desirable to return the Whole of the drums to zero simultaneouslyl with as littl(...flabour .as possi-v ble. For this purpose the shaft A' has heretofore been made movable endwise and. pro.- vided with ins A2 ada ted to engage pins A on the (gums. Eaci drum is provided w ith one of the pins A, anda pin A2 is also allotted to. each drum,` but when the shaft in the normal position the pins A2 lie olea-r of -the pins AR. `Byv movement of' the Shaft endwise,howeveryall of the` pins A2 aresimultaneonsly brought into thcpath'of'their .respectivej pins A3 so that by one rotation N3, sulla; as the .arm desarmar 8.5.-

of the shaft the pins A3 may be all brought' `13b the drums the paivls E must be released, and

heretofore it has been necessary t rii'ck the operatingracks slightly forward by 'a,. s"ep arately operatedlever so that the pawl driiis C* might be advanced suiiicientlyto 'allow 'the arms E to rise. The object of this part of' the present invention is to renderv these two operations simultaneous. For this urposc a head 0` is niouiitedon that erido the go -shaft A remote from the handle Aand the underside of the head is bevelled to constitute a cam, as shown at (4)1y` andagainst this bevelled portion` thevre'end elv an arm O2 bears.' The arni'O is carried by the shaft- 'z5 D" and this shaft has a 'short'ariii (`)3 hav-ing a' laterally prefer-timT pin'O. The in liesin the path of a sto 'on one arm o the rock;

-ing traine Dwit which tlie-raclcs D and Hl referred to are connected. The spring'forj 3o vcontrolling the sliaftf-is shown at A? and hears at oneen'l against the'casing Xfin which the 'mechanisnis enclosed, unil at the other end against the `interior of the head O which is hollowed-:-tp-mceive the l spring. I

Theo )eration of the reroiugmechanism is :is follows: Thc .head O' is pushed to the lett against theactien ofthe spring A' so that the shaft is moved endwise and 4the in 4o A5 displaced from the orifice A," in the wal ei" i the easing. A slivht rotation of the sha1' t A by means of the liandle A 'tlien'i'arrics the l pin A5 out-'of linewitli the orifice A so vthat the sha1' t cannot return under the action of its spring until ithas been rotiitcd through' the desired angle unless of course it is moved 'backwards ',llie eiidwi'se dis ilaccineiit of the shari' t A to the right causes tlie larger part' of the cam or lidv'elled tai-ee ()l ot the head 0 5o to hear against the arm 0'? so that the free.

end ol the arm is displaced further from v,the shaft A and consequently the shaft l) to which the arm is attached is rocked in the same direction.' .This movement ofi the 5 5 shaft is communicated h v the arm O*x and in'Otto the stopOs and thus the rocking me Diisfsli htly raised and the toothed racks Dand advanced a .corresponding amount. The advance jot the 'racks causes i 6o a slight rotation of the toothed .wheels C and G sufficient te carry'the 'ins C and Gn away from the locking vpawl i and those. corres ending to the same for the other drums.'

l he drumsjare thus released and can new be 6 5.` 'brought to ,zero by rotating the shaft. until the pin A5 arriving opposite the orifice A allows the shaft A to be returned to its normal position under the action of its spring. when the arm O2 also returns under the action of the springs controlling the racks 7o D and H. v

' Only one orifice A is shown in-the drawings, but it will be understood thativhere re cording drums areni'ade to carry two sets of figures so that each lialf'revolution gives 7 5 a total, each drui'n would carry two pins A3 'dis osed diamet-rically opposite each other' 'an two orifices A would be provided in the"' easing so that zeroing would b'e'etl'eeted by ai, hahC revolution of the shaft A.' 8o

Whe-n zeroingthe tens drum is arranged to be brought to ,9 instead of 0 by the rota' tion of the shaft A as -the carrying-on mechanism operates when the 'units -drum comes to zero and thus automatically. ftd-'85 varices the tens drum to 0 as will be readily understood.

What I claim as iiiy invention and desire to secure by-Lettcrs- Patent isz- I f 1.. In alcalculatihg machine the coinbina- 9o tion of a registering drniny'keys operatively connected therewith lfor advancing 'the same, a second registering drum, a second set of keys :operatively ,connected therewith for advanc` ing the second :drum independently of the first, a .carrying-on linger disposed -in proximity tothe'operatin'g mechanism of the` second drum, means' operatively connected! -with lthe first drum for alternately advancing and withdrawing the carrying-on finger in mo a path in proximity to the o rating mechl anisni' of the second drumy an a member operatively connected with the iirstdrum and adapted at tlicnionient of carrying-on to bc iiiovedby the drum into co-operative positioii relatively, to ,theil carrying-on finger so that the finger asiit advancesimparts movement to the operating mechanism of the second drum, substantially as set fortlij.

2. Iii a calculating 'machine the combinairc .tion of aregistering drum, keys operatively connected therewith for advancing the same, a second registering drum, a second set of keys operatively connected therewith for ad-'. vaiiieiiig the second drum independently of x15 the first, ais'up'porting member rcciprooated by iiie'clianism'. operatively connected with' the first recording d runi,y a"carrying-on 'finger yieldingly mounted 'on the supportingL member and movingv Withi-tlie same. in proxfftm imity to the operating mechanism of the sccy ond vdrum but boing inoperative upon the said mechanism by reason of its yielding connection with the supporting member, and a member operatively connected with the first x25 drum and adapted at the moment of carrying-on to be iiio'ved by the drum into co4 operative position relatively to the carrying-on finger sittlifi-t the yielding connecten is overcome andl the linger as 1t advances nii- 13o n forth.

i faenas 'parts movement` to 'the operating mechanism 'of 'the second drum, substantially as set forth. K

3. In a calculating machine the combination'of a registering drum,'keysperatively connected therewith for advancing the same,

a second registering drum, a "second set of keys operatively connected therewith for advancing the second dumindependently'of the first, a Supporting member, a carryingon finger pivoted thereto, operativecon'nection'betiveen the supporting member and the iirst registering drinn, whereby movement of that drum reciprocates theinember and 'thus moves the finger backwards and forwards in a path in proximitytothe mechanism 'of the second drum, in eans'for limitingthe movement of the i'inger about its 'pivotV in a direc,- tion away from the operating mechanism' of the secoi'id registering drum, 'Aalispring to retain 'the ringer at :the limi'tofN its E'pivotal movement so that it is iiorrnallylheld clear of I the said operating mechanism', and amember operatively connected with the irst drum i and adaptedat the moment 'of,cax"rying'on' to be advanced by the drumagainst the finger so that the finger is 'carried forward against the action of its 'springfandbr'dught into engagementwith the operating-,mechanism of the second drum,substantiallyas'set 4. In'ia calculatingmacliine'tliejcombina# tion of a ,registeringl drum, keys operatively connectedtherewithfor advancing'the same,

a second registering drum, 'a second set of keys operatively connectedtherewith for advancing the second'drumfindependently of the iirst, "carrying-onf mechanism operative between 'the first and second druni's for' tlie'purposeof passing o'n the total from the iirst drum to the-'second druinand ymeans for momentarily automatically locking the first drinn at themoment of carrj,fing-on", sul)- -stzintiiillyas set forth.

5.' ln a'calculatingv machine the combination of"a registering drum, keys operatively connected therewith foradvancing' the same, a second registeringdruin, a second set of 'tlally :is sct forth.

.(3. lii a calculating machine the i-,oiiihination of a i'eirfisteriiigr drum, lrcys operatively connected therewith for advancing the saine,

a second f'a second :set of 'keys operatively cnnectd'the'eiavithx-or advancing the second 'drum 'independently 'of 'the `first, "a l supporting member `reciproca'ted by finechanisml operatively connected with the' `irst registering "drum, a fcarrying'on fingen; ivoted'totheisii 'porting member but norma ly lying' clear oft 'e operating mechanism of the secondidrum, mean` operatively j connected Withth riirstdrum for moving the finger intoen agement twithft'he4 mechanism ofjthe' second l at.themoment of carrying-on 'acatch rthefsu'pporting member, 'a

yankee Imovement of the carrying 'on mechanism, substantially asset lforth.

7. In :acalculating--machine `the combination' of "a'j'registering drum, spring-controlled finechanis'insfoiff'advancip 'thesame,'keys opy',natively connected @Wit 'l ose ofdi'spglaing itin'a direction oppose( to"t he`aetin ofthe springl preparatory to 'opratin'gth drum, 'asecond registering drum, "s lring-controlled mechanism for operating'thislruinfafsecond'set of' keys IoperativelyLconnectd'with such-.mechanism for 1 ;the"pu'rp`c`se ofdis lacing"thesame ina direc-k tion opposed tot @action '0f "the springpreon fingerdis oisel inipreximity'toithe oper- 'ating-*mechanism oftheisecond drum, means operatively,connectedwith'the first drum for a ternately-advancingand 'withdrawingr the carrying-on "fingerfin" a path in 'proximity tothe'operating:'mechanism of Athe second drum, and a'i'nember operatively connected 'with the i'ir'st drum iindadapted at vthe mo- .ment 'of i-.arryiiigonf'to be moved by the drum 'into' comperativejposition relatively to the carrying-onfffmg'er so that the iiiiger as it advances momentarily displaces the operating iiiech'anis :of Vthe' secondAdruiiragainst the action of the controlling spring, substantially as set forth.

8. In'a calculating'inachine the combination of a shaft free to linove'endwise, a spring to normally n iantai'n the shaf t 'at one end of its travel, means for'loeking thc shaft against rotation except 'when' displaced endwise, a pluralityof registering drui'iis mounted free upon the shaft, a`ratchet oneach drum, a

vpawl engagingcach' ratchet to prevent rotation of' the drums inone direction, a pivoted armoperatively connected Iwith the pawl mechanism to simultaneously bring` them out of engagement with their respective ratchets iii'henfinovedV in one' direction, a frusta or .cone-shaped headon'the shaft, the axis of the frusta coineiding'with that ol"y the shalt, a

s Wing-control for thel pivoted ai'iii so that the `stop operatively 'connected .with the first drumso that itfis advanced by that drum :against the' catch "atthe'mome'nt of carrying-on but afterwards jreleased 'by the ad "suchmechanism roo I-IO

free,` end of the arinhears agai'ist the conical portion of the head ,and means fot autoiiiiit- -bear aga-inst the arm, substantially as set forth.

9. 1n a calculating machmo the combination of a Sllaf t free to move endwise, a spring l to normally maintain .the shaft at one end of its travel; means for locking the shaft aga-inst rotation except when displaced end wie'.

' means to autcmaticallyprevent the return of the shaft after endwise displacement and partial rotation except it be 'rotated xthror'lgh a given angle., a plurnlit)Y of recording drums l mounted free upon the shaft, a-1atol1et-on each drum, a pawl engaging each ratcheta to j prevent rotation of the drums 1n one direc'- tion, a plvoted arm operatively connee'ted with the paw] meehnnisln to simultaneouely x n o bring them outof engagement with their re.-

spcetive ratchets when moved in one direc-- tion, a'frusta or' cone-shaped head on the shaft, the axis of the frusta coinciding with that of 'the shaft, a springcontrol for the {nvoted arm so that the freeend of the arm )ears against the conical portion of the head, and means for automatically engaging all of the Adrums -with the shaft when the latter is moved endwise, such movement also oscillatmg' the arm referred to by causing thalarger part efthe frusta to bear againt the arm, substantially asset forth.

ln .testimonywhereof I-have. signed my name to this specification in .the presence of two subscribingr Witnesses... l i.

'ARTHUR JAMES POSTANS. Vitnessos. .l

' A. M. HArwARn,

HARRY B. BRIDGE.

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