US851248A - Compression-pump. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED APR. 23, 1907 F. w. NIEBLING. COMPRESSION PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 10, 1906.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

FREDERICK w. NIEBLING, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO F. W. NIEBLING COMPANY, OF NORWOOD, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

COMPRESSION-PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 1Q, 1906. Serial No- 346.998.

:atenteol April 23, 1907.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. NIEB- Compression-Pumps; and I do declare the thereof, will be found a full descriptionof my and after compression forced following to be a clear, full, and exact de scription thereof, attention being called to the accompanying drawings, with the reference characters marked thereon, which form also a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in compression pumps used in connection with machinery for refrigerating and icemanufacturing purposes. these pumps are used to effect circulation of the refrigerating agent, usually ammonia gas by moving the same through the various parts, pipe-systems etc, of a plant, the attenuated gas being received by these pumps y them again into the system. 7

The object of my invention isto arrange such a pump in a manner whereby it becomes enabled to operate upon gases at different pressures and receive them at the same time, but from different parts of a plant where different temperatures prevail, as for instance in cooling-rooms, brine-tanks etc.

In'tli'e following specification and particularly pointed out in the claims at the end invention, together with its operation, parts andconstruction, which latter is'alsoillustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:- Y

Figure 1, shows such a pump, the cylinder of the same and adjacent parts being in section. Fig. 2-, is an external view thereof. Fig. 3, is an end-view of the same.- Fig. 4, in a view similar to Fig. 1, shows middle-portion of the cylinder, the construction of certain parts being modified.

In the drawing A, is the pump-cylinder, B, the piston operating therein b, the pistonrod on it and a, the stuffing-box through which it passes.

C, C, and D, D, are valve-chambers, the first containing the receiving valves 0, 0 nd the other,the discharge-valves (Z, (Z. Viil echambers C, C, are in open communication with each, other, being connected by a side- In such connection f pipe E. Valve-chambers D, D, are likewise in open communication, being connectedby a side pipe F. This permits the valves to operate alternatingly in response to the action of the piston, a receiving-valve at one end, and a discharge-valve at the other end always working together.

y The attenuated gas having done its work is pipe 0, and after compression in the pump is forced out by it through the side-pipe F, and by pipe f, reenters the circulating" system of the refrigerating plant. This general arrangement of the pump is not new. Pipe e, is used to carry gas which has been used to produce low temperatures in certain parts, (rooms, tanks) of the system where such is needed, and which is returned at correspondingly low'pressure. Gas which has been used to produce higher temperatures in other parts of the plant and through a separate pipe G, entering'cylinder A, through a port-g. Passage through this port is controlled by a valve 72,, contained inga valve chamber, H. The stem K, of this valve has a shoulder at its end and a spring is, is provided whereby this valve is kept norvided across port g, and below this valve h, whereby this latter is prevented from drop.- ping into the cylinder, should it ever become detached from its stem. The construction shown in Fig. 4, obviates this, the inlet ports being .in form of narrow, elongated openings, which communicate with valve-chamber H, by means of an annular passage L. Some distance from their discharge ends, low pressure pipe 0, and high-pressure pipe G, communicate with each other by means of a branchpipe M, controlled by a valve m. The stem N, of this valve is contained in a valve-chamber O, and provided with a spring n, keeping valve m, normally closed. I

Each of the pressu re-pipes is provided with a pOcketP, forming a trap to retard liquid matter, and a screen to catch any solid have entered the circulation. Above, this there is a deflector Q, which intercepts passage of liquid matter and guides it into trap P. These devices are contained in ahousing R,

mally closed. A number of bars Z, are prosubstances which perciiance might possibly received by side-pipe E, entering through a returns at higher back pressures is received to which access may .be'had through a hand- 5 Valves as shown. at S, m?

both pressure-pipes to positively control pa's.

ng normal operatiop of the plant.

Describing now a given case, let it be as sumedthat in certain parts of a plant, what-.-

' ever they may be, cooling rooms,,or brinetanks, temperaturesoare to be produced as low as '10 degrees. The ammonia-gas which has produced this effect is returned-to the. compression pump through pipe e, its pres sure, sometimes also called back-pressure, under which it is so returned, being governed by its temperature and is in the .casegiven approximately 15 lbs. In other parts of the plant temperatures may be needed not lower than degrees, the gasfrom which will return at a-backpressure of approximately lbs. In practice however these two pres? sures cannot be movediin one pipe-system and cylinder because the high-pres'suregas, if admitted with the lower pressure gas, will retard and crowd back this latter gas at'the point where the two come together, thus in-. terfering with obtaining co'olingefiects as low as intended. But since in a given case a certain lowest temperature usually must be ob tained, plants are arranged and. run so that gas at the lower pressure only is returned to the pump and moved by it. This means however at the same time that only a limited Volume of gas is received and compressed at each stroke and as a result the-compressor order .to accomplish'its work has to-be worked at a higher rate of speed in ,sine a certain quantity of gasand ammonia has to be moved through the plant to ldp .a given amount-ofwork. -The advantagelof moving more gas. at one strdke and thus running the pump .at a slowerspeed, if gas of higher pressure could also beadmitted to the ;pump is thus lost, and as aresult lower temperatures are produced in certain. arts of the plant where they arenot neede and the ,ump has to .do this unnecessary workmere y to produce the lower temperatures required in other parts.- To overcome these difficulties and to obtain the advantage which would be gained, ifthe cylinder could also move at the same time gas coming from parts where it is carried at a higher pressure, thishi her-pressure gas is admitted through pipe and enters the cylinder directly and independently 'of any passages where it would come in conflict with the low-pressure gas, and whereby it would affect this latter in a manner to cause an unfavorable reaction on thesystem'. After once in the cylinder, it is clear that it can not in any way affect the pressure in the low pressure parts of. the plant, because the valves prevent it from returning through the cylinder into the pipe-system.- Since; gas at masshig hepressure means'also' more gas as to vol-- at the lower pressure, which means a comparativelyfsmall quantity of it, it now-movesat the sametime more gas, the increasebeing .due to the additional high-pressure gas which enters, through port 9.

Valvem, which controls passage through pipe M, connecting high and low-pressure pipes, operatesautomatically, the object-beingtb admit in the usual way and through valves 0", c, a'nyexce'ss of gas returning through. pipe G, and which .cannot enter "stead ofmoving with every stroke, gas only I through port 9. It can be set to open at any particular pressure and which in, the case assumed would be at =35 lbs. so that, whenever the pressure in pipe G, should'rise above this figure, the'ex'cess would flow over into pipe,

6, and by it enter the cylinder in the usual way. For the purpose of such adjustment, the pressure of spring 11., is accordingly regulated by means of a stem T, carrying a movable shoulder, against which the outer end of spring a, bears. The same arrangement and construction described is also applicable to a single-acting compressor-pump. Having described my invention, I claim as new: I f

a 1. In a com ression pump, the combination of' the cy der thereof havin valvechambers at opposite ends andone ietween them, which chambers allcommunic ate with the cyhnder, an inlet valve in each of these chambers controlling this communication.

automatically, a low-pressure pipe communicating'with the valve-chamhers at the ends, a high-pressure pi e communicating with the otherlvalve-cham er, a pipe connecting high and'low-pressure pipes, and a valve control ling automatically passage through this pipe.

2. In a compression pump, the combinatiolf of the cylinder. thereof having the usual inlet and discharge-valves, valve-chambers for them, a low-pressure pipe communicating with the valve-chambers of the inlet-valves and a high-pressure pipe communicating with the c linder independently of these valvecham' ers. i l

3. The combination with a compression .pump and the usual return pipesconnected therewith, of a trap provided for these pipes and consisting of a housing open at opposite 'ends and alined with a pipe, a pocket contained in this housing, a screen above this pocket and a'deflector above. the screen.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my signature in presence of two witnesses:

FREDERICK Witnesses: C. SPENGEL',

' T. LE BEAU.

W. NIEBLING.

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