US850491A - Gyratory crusher. - Google Patents

Description

PATBNTED APR. 16, 1907.

0. C. REDDING.

GYRATORY CRUSHER.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 25, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

l/r| I PATENTED APR. 16, 1907. 0. C. REDDING.

GYRATORY CRUSHER. l APPLICATION FILED 111113.25, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET z l 0, l nl No. 850,491. PATBNTED APR. 16, 1907. o. o. REDDING.

GYRATORY CRUSHER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25, 1905* 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

SHEET 4.

4 SHEETS PATBNTED APR; 16

O. G. REDDING.

GYRATORY GRUSHER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 25 1900 VN MANN UNITED spares OLIVER o, ammiro', OF CHICAGO; ILLINOIS, AssIGNOR or ONE-HALF To- InrEN'r OFFICE.

WILLIAM K. KENLY, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

i GYHATORY otxusl-u-m. l

Speciication of Letters Patent.

vFatented April 16, 1907.

Application -filed March 25, 1905. Serial No. 252,030.

To a/Z-/ whom it may concern:-

Be it known that I, OLIVER C. Rn'DDINe, a

.citizen ofthe United States, residing at Chie This invention relates to improvements in` gyratory crushers, andrefers ,more4 speciflcally to an improved crushe'r wherein the hopper is gyrated, while the crusher-head is'- devoid of gvratory movement. e Among the salient ob jects of the present invention are to providea. construction which lenables therock or other material to be y crushed to be .more readily fed into the jaws ofthe machine, this result being accomplished by omittin the s ider-head heretofore found indispensa le an bodily oscillating in a gyratory manner the hopper; to rovide a construction in which the materia to b'e'delivered through the machine instead ofbeing delivered -to an inclined diaphragm, thereby avoiding the clogging frequently present in machines ofthe construction heretofore in use; to provide, a construction which dispenses with the eccentric and eccentric-gear mechanism whereby the main shaft was gyrated, and

substitute therefor a simple, easily-controllable and'V 're'adi'ly'ae's'silil' mechanism for l gyrating the ho per; to provide Aa construction wherein al rapidly-rotating parts are dispensed with andy the movement of parts which have bearing with each other are'reduced to` a minimum and-made capable of indefinite wear; .to provide a construction in which the gyrating member (the hopper) -is supported upon a series of oscillating studs or struts, which permit perfect freedomof movement of, the hopper in the-required manner and at the same time reduce frictional reslstance to a minimum; to provide a,

construction which enables hydraulicpres- ,sure to be utilized for gyrating the hopper in an extremely simple. and reliable manner and under very perfect control to provide a `construction which is composed of relatively few parts and these of simple,.practical, and strongfconstruction, thereby reducing the cost of construction to a minimum; to provide, in conjunction with the hydraulic- .pressure mechanism, certain relief or safety i the machine may be commensurate with t e degree of fineness to which it is reduced, and in general to provide a simple and improved construction of the character referred to.

`The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the appended 'claims.

The invention will Abe more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the description, and in which- Figure 1- is a view, chiefly invertical or axial section, `of a crusher forming a preferred embodiment ofthe invention. y Fig. 2 is a transverse4 or horizontal sectional view taken on line'2 2 of Fig. -1 and looking downwardly, certain parts above the sectioneline being indicatedindotted lines, .thehydraulic pui'np 'being also shown in this view in top plan. yFi' :3 is a side'elevation of the parts.

shown'inI ig. 2. ig. 4 is an elevation or face view of the hydraulic-pump mechanism T looking at that side of the latter remote from the crusher.-

Referring to the'drawings, 1 designates as a ywhole the main base-frame member, from which is arranged Ito rise a hollow central column 2, which in turn supports anupper annular sup orting-frame 8, these three arts being s own in the present instance as ormed integrally, although obviously notl so necessarily made. The tubular colunm- 2 is provided internally with upper and lower spider-frames 4 and 5,` respectively, which spiders are bored axially to form suitable bearings-6 and 7 for the upper and lower end ortions of the main Crusher-head shaft 8. aidshaft is shown as conveniently made Ofxuniform diameter throughout its main length and supported atits lower end by means of a step-bearing roo lformed by the engagement' therewith of an adjusting screw or ste 9, threaded through. the lower capped en of 'the4 lower spiderhead. The upper end portion ofI the mainl bearing from ingress of dirt,A4 the shaft is lower bearings submergedin oil.

j acketed by means of a tubularcasing 12, interposed between the proximate ,faces of the spider-hubs, and this casing also constitutes a well which serves to keep 'bothupper and 13 designates as a whole the hOPPI member, which in Athe preferred construction shown com rises a main ring or body 14, external] cy indric and internally ydownwardly conica and of a depth equal to the length-of the connections 15, constituting. a lining of said ring memberl and co erating with the Crusher-head in a well-un erstood manner.

IThe upper side of the main vring 14 carries a plurality of integral'radiallyfprojecting arms 16. The arms 16 in turn carry upstanding supports or extensions 17, bolted thereto, as

lindicated at 18, and upon the supports thus formed and the upper edge of the mainv ring is supported the outwardly-flaring hopper proper, 19. This hopperV may be made of segmental parts, as is common,.as indicated by the divisional lines 20. The arms 16, of which there are three, are 'arranged to extend out through corresponding openings .`22,' formed in the upstanding rimportion 3f of the frame .member 3. The openings 22 are tional dimensions of the arms 16 to afford a considerable freedom ofI movement ofthe hopper structure, which, as hereinbefore indicated, has imparted thereto a gyratory move# ment. In order to minimize the friction and to a certain extent guide' and confine these arms against lateral movement, I -provide pairs of friction-rollers 23, one or more at each side of each arm andjournaled upon suitable bearings in suitable. recesses 24,v

formed in the frame member 3', as shown clearl in 2.` The arms ,16 referred t'o constitute the means whereby the hop er ee from the upper art of the frame structure,

and to this en I ,provide acorresponding series of studs or struts 25, one for each arm 16, each strut being interposed between the outer end of the corresponding arm and the base-frame 1. In order to minimize friction, the ends of the struts 25 terminatein `balls 26, which viit within corresponding socket-bearings 27 and 28a, formed in the respective members. ,The lower sets of ballby petticoats 28, secured to and surrounding the lower parts of the struts, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. rihese ball-andsock'et connections' also prevent the gyratory .'outei case the crusher becomes choked.

ment is imparted to the hopper structure, 29 29', 30 30', and 31 31 designate three pairs of diametrically-opposed hydraulic c linders, which are formed in the outer ring.- raine 3,

pendicular to the axis of the central crus erhead,,these pairs of cylinders `being spaced are formed by properly boring the rin -frame member itself, although, of course, in e endently-formedcylinders might be utilized.

closed by means of suitablev ca s 32, bolted -or' otherwise secured to the main frame, and within the inner end of each cylinder is'fitted a hydraulicL piston 33, provided with vsuitoperatively connected with the proximate side of the main ring member114 ofthe hop-` per by means of suitable piston-rods 35. These piston-rods are connected Awith the pistons and ring 'memberf respectively, by ,means of suitable ball-and-socket connecfor the necessary universal` movement, as will hereinafter appear. A' f Thehydraulic pistons 33 are actuatedin such manner that' as any given pistoni is moving inwardly againstv the hopper merriberits diametrically opposite mate 4Vis receding men istons isV accomplish'ed' 'regrese sively around the series, so that t e combined action'of the several pistons produces -a gyratory movement of theho'pper. To

struction as arranged to communicate with the outer ends of the'respective cylinders at the lower sides thereof and being -respec tively desi ated 38 38', 39 .39', and -40 40. The sev'era pipes referred to lead to and con; nect with a hydraulic-pump mechanism, now to be described. l

Referring to the Fi 4, 41 designates a suitable baseupon Whic are mounted twoupstanding frames 42 and 43, each carrying a set of pump-cylinders, and a 4third upri ht frame, (designated as a whole 44,) provi ed with a seriesl of journal-bearin s, Within which are journaled the three shafts 45, 46, and 47, from which motion is communicated to the pump-rods. The frame 44 is shown as' comprisinga web-like upstandjng casting Describing now the means -Whereby movewith their axes radial and preferably er' at equal angular distances apart'. 'In thepr'eferred construction shown the cylindersl tions, (designated 36 and 37,) which pro'vide,

and-socket bearings are desirably protected y crusher member from being forced upward in The outer ends of the'several cylinders are able circumferential vpa,cking-rings 34 and y lOO at a corresponding .rate andthe displace;AWA

thus actuate the pistons, eachcylinder co`m` municates with a corresponding inlet-pipe, A these pipes being shown in the present con- 48 of angular form in cross-section, its longer web member reaching to and being bolted against one side of the proximate cylinder- 445 4constitutes the main-drive-shaft and is provided at its outer end with a drivingpulley4 53 and at its opposite end with a spurgear 54, which also constitutes av pitmanwheel, and to this end is provided with a pitman-wrist 58. Each shaft 46 and 47 is provided with a corresponding spur-gear, as 56 and 57, arranged to intermesh with the gear 54, and similarly each provided with apitman-wrist, asf'55 and 5,9, respectively.

60 .60', 61 61, and 62 62 'designate 'the three airs of pump-cylinders referred to the cylin ers of each pair' being arranged in axial alinement with eachl other in the. respective rames42'and A43Land being located horizontally opposite the correspondingdrive-shafts 46, 45, and 47. These pump-cylinders are shown in the ypresent construction as formed by suitably boring or chambering the memybers 42 and 43, the ends of each cylinder being closed by suitable heads,as 63 and 64. A single plu nger-rod is provided for each pair of cylinders, these rodsv being designated-65, 66, and 67 respectively, and severally arranged to enter the proximate ends of the cylinders through suitable packin'g-glands 68. With the central part o each plunger is connected a cross-head 69, which has lateral and oppositely-extendin'g arms 70. With the outer ends of each are connected the two arms of a biurcated connection-rod 71, and the several connecting-rods are at their opposite ends connected with the wrists of the corresponding gear-wheels. In order to strengthen the construction, a slide-bar 72"is arranged to extend between the frame members 42 and43 a short distance above and parallel with each plunger-rod, and the several cross-heads 69 are provided with extensions 73'at their upper sides,'which embrace and slide upon sald guide-rods. y To secure a less length of stroke ofthe pistons 65, 66, and 67, I provide in gears 56, 54, and 57 the holes 55, 58, and 59a, respectively, nearer the axes ofthe gears than are the holes in which the wrist-pins are shown on.

the drawings. The wristins 55, 58, and 59 may be removed from t e holes in which they are shown inserted and the travel of the connecting-rods lessened by securing them to the gearsby inserting the wrist-pins in thel It is obviousthat holes 558,583, and 59". the relative positions oi the wrist-pins on their several gears must be such as 'to' roduce the proper rogressivemovement o the pistons around t e outer crsherine'mber by means of the hydraulic pressure produced by the action of the plungers 65, 66, and 67.

pair of cylinders.

the Acrusher which cannot be crushed, 1 provide safety by-pass connections between each pair of alined pump-cylinders, one set only of these -by-'pass connections being shown in Fig. 4, but the positions of the others being indicated bythe corresponding ports. Describingthe same, 74 designates a pipe connected with the cylinder 6l through a port 75 and extending thence to and connected with the cylinder 61 to a similar port concealed behind the pipe. In this pipe is interposed a valve-casing 76, within which is arranged to work a relief-valve 77, provided with a stemextendingout through a packinggland 78 in the valve-casing and controlled by a weighted lever 79 in a familiar manner.

The' arrangement is such that when excess pressure occurs .in the cylinder 61 the release thereof will permit the'liquid to flow over into the cylinder 61. 80 designates a second by-pass pipe connected at its respective ends with the two cylinders 61 and 61, this device being the complement of the bypass 74, except that it is arranged so as to -relieve the cylinder 61 against excess pressure. It will be understood-that 'a similar pair of by-passes is to be provided for each The' operation of the apparatus constructed and arranged as described should be entirely obvious from the foregoing description, but may be briefly summarized as follows:

Rock discharged into the hopper falls byl gravity into the sphere of action ofthe jaws and =is fed downwardly by the continued gyrator'y movement of theouter Crusher member. It is to be noted that the construction dispenses with the usual spider heretoforeiound necessary, and accordingly lthere is no liability of the rocks becoming jammed or bridged as it is termed, and thus'arresting the Jiced, and this inI itself is an important feature of improvement. The connection of the pump mechanism with the hydraulic pistonsA is such that the inward thrust of each hydraulic piston occurs progressively around the outer crusher member. For-example, at the time the iston of cylin- IIC der 29 is just approaching its imit of inward movement the piston of the cylinder 29 will be'just approaching its limit of outward movement. The piston of the cylinder 3() will be just beginning its inward movement, its opposed mate justbeginning its outward movement and the piston of the cylinders 31 and 31 will be in intermediate position.

These relations will change progressively around the crusher-ring, thus bringing about the gyratory movement of the latter. It is to be noted that the three struts which constitute the supports for the gyratory member' will severally and simultaneously vperform gyratory oscillation at their upper ends, and since they remain at all times at a uniform inclination to the vertical it follows that the bodily-shifting movement of the gyratory member will be confined to a plane-which is perpendicular to the central vertical axis of the crusher. The provision of the by-pass connections between the circulating systems of each pair of ump cylinders insures against breakage o any part'of the crusher in case a'piece of metal or some substance in-- will result in variation in themovement of the gyratory member. This becomes of importance when it is desired to change the size of the product. For example, in case the produc-t isfto be delivered in relatively coarse condition, the power required to reduce the rock to this condition is less, the throw of the gyratory member may be increased, and the rate of delivery will be accelerated. On the contrary, when the rock is to be reduced to a relatively fine condition greater power is required and the shorter and more powerful stroke maybe adopted with 'a corresponding decrease ,in capacity.

It has been noted in the description of the mechanism that the supporting-frame struc- '.ture is such that free' delivery by gravity is provided down through the central portion of the marin frame. This is, afeature of much importance, for the reason that it insuresperfeet delivery and avoids clogging at all times,

A'whereas with the Crushers of the prior art, in

which themain shaft is gyrated,' the eccentric mechanism-.connected with the lower part of themain shaft has necessitated the use of.

, an inclined diaphragm above this mechanism, .with the result that great difficulty has been experienced in the clogging. of the machines.

I. claim as my invention- 1. In a gyratory crusher, the combination witha central crushing-head, of a surrounding crusher-jaw member supported to move bodily ina plane perpendicular to the axis of the central' crusher-head, and means for gylrating said surrounding crusher-j aw member .having its axis disposed substantially vertically, of an internallycircular annular crusher member surrounding said head and supp orted' to move bodily in a plane perpendicular to its own axis of generation, and means for gyrating said annular crusher member in its said plane'ofmovement.`

4.. In a gyratory crusher, the combinationv with a suitable. supporting-frame, of a centrally-disposed', upwardly-tapering' crusherhead, a surrounding upwardly and outwardly flaring crusher member having a completelyopen mouth, and means for gyrating said surrounding member.

5. In a gyratory crusher, the combination with a suitable supporting-frame, of a centrally-disposed, upwardly-tapering crusherhead journaled to rotate about its own verl tical axis but comined against substantial crusheroscillatory movement, a surrounding inter- V nally-circular crushervv member having its acting yface formed upwardly and outwardlyv flaring, said memberha'ving .a completelyopen mouth, supports ca 'ng said surrounding crusher member ag IOO` affording bodily lateral movement of the crusher'member in all directions, and means for im arting gyratory movement to said surrou (lling crusher member. .-4 6. In a gyratory crusher, the combination with a suitable supporting-frame, of a .cen-

trally-disposed crusher-head having substantially upright lateral "acting surfaces, an

open topped hopper shaped surroundingy crusher member mounted upon supports affording lateral bodily movement thereof in all directions andindependent of the movement ofthe central'crusher-head, and means for gyrating said surrounding crusher member relatively to the central cutter-head.

7 In a gyratory crusher, the combination with a 'suitable supporting-frame, of a centrally-disposed crusher-head and a surrounding crusher'member, said crusher-head and crusher member having laterally-opposed upwardly-divergent jaw-surfaces between which the material is reduced, means mov-- ably supporting the f surrounding crusher lmember and mechanism for gyrat'ing the latter member bodily, in a plane perpendicular to the axis ofthe central crusher-head. 1

8. In a gyratory crusher, the combination samer shaped crusher member mounted to move.

bodily in a plane substantially perpendicular to the vertical axis of the central crusherhead, a plurality of actuating devices disposed at angularly-separated intervals around said outer crusher'member and operatively connected .with the latter, and means for simultaneously operating said several actuating mechanisms and actuating them so that their several cycles of movements occur inA progressive order.

10.lna gyratory crusher, thecombination with a suitable supporting-frame, of a crusher-head and a hopper-like annular crusher member, means supporting said hopper member to move bodily and laterally in all directions, a series of thrust-links operatively engaging the exterior of. said hopper member and extending substantially radiallytherefrom, and means for imparting endwise reciprocation to said thrust-links in progressive order around the series. p

11. ln a gyratory crusher, the combination with a suitable supporting-frame, of a crusher-head and a hopper-like annular crusher member, meansfsupporting said hopper member to move bodily and laterally in all directions, a series of thrust-links operatively `engaging the exterior of said-hopper member and extending substantially radially therefrom, and means for imparting endWise reciprocation to said thrust-links in progressive order around the series, comprising a hydraulic piston operatively connected with each.

12. ln a gyratorycrusher, the combination with a suitable supporting-frame, of a central circular crusher-head, a surrounding annular crusher member, means supporting said annular crusher member comprising a series of upright 'supports each having balland-socket connections with the crusherhead and with a suitable fixed support at its respective ends, and means for imparting gyratcry movement to said annular crusher member.

13. ln a gyratory crusher, the combination of a main frame comprising a base, a central column and a horizontal upper frame member provided with a circumferential upstanding extension or rim, of a crusher-head supported concentrically within the upstanding or rim portion of the main frame, a hopper-like annular crusher member surrounding said central crusher-head and interposed between the latter and the upstanding rim of the frame, a series of oscillatory struts supporting said hopper-like crusher member and affording movement of the latter in substantially all horizontal directions, and a series of actuating devices mounted upon said rim and arranged to act radially upon said movable crusher member. A

14. In a gyratory crusher, the combination of a main frame comprising a base, afixed horizontally-extending upper frame member provided with a circumferential rim, and one or more supports connecting the upper horizontal frame member with thev base-frame, of a crusher-head supported concentrically with said upstanding rim, a hopper-like annular crusher member surrounding said central crusher-head between the latter and the rim, a series of upright struts having their lower ends seated upon the base-frame and their upper ends engaging beneath and supporting the annular crusher member, and a series of actuating devices mounted upon the main frame and adapted to impart gyratory move- Ament to the annular-crusher member.

15. In a gyratory crusher, the combination of a main frame provided With a central main shaft and a crusher-head mounted thereon, of a rim forming a part of said main frame and encircling said crusher-he ad, a hopper-like crusher member interposed between the crusher-head and rim, and a series of hydraulic cylinders formed within said rim with their longitudinalaxes radial to the axis of thehopper-like crusher member, pistons in the res ective cylinders and piston-rods operative y connecting said pistons with the hopper-like crusher-body, means for supplying hydraulic pressure to said cylinders, and means supporting said hopper-like crusher member to move upon the main frame under the action of said hydraulic pistons.

16. In a gyratory crusher, the combination with ay suitable main frame provided with upper and lower shaft-bearings, of a crusher-head shaft journaled in said bearings and carrying at its upper end a crusher-head, a hopper-like crusher member surrounding said crusher-head and movably supported to gyrate upon the main frame relatively to the crusher-head, means for gyrat ing said hoppery and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders argyratory member of the Crusher, and each and intergeared driving connections for actuating the set of pump-cylinder pistons, Whereby the pistons ofthe hydraulic cylinders are actuated in timed relation' to each other.

18. In combination with a gyratory crusher and a plurality of hydraulic` cylinders arranged in a circumferential series around the gyratory member of the Crusher' and each having its piston operatively connected with said gyratory member, a pump mechanism comprising a set of pump-cylinders corresponding in number to, and respectively con' nected with the hydraulic cylinders, a plunj ger member working in each pump-cylinder, a connecting-rod for each plunger member and a series of intergeared pitmen-Wheels respectively connected with the several plun er members throu h said connecting-rods, or the purpose set orth.

l 1-9. In combination with a-gyratory cru sher and a plurality of hydraulic cylinders arranged in a circumferential series around the having its piston operatively connected with said lgyratory member, said hydraulic cylin` ders eing arranged in diametrically opposite pairs, a pump mechanism comprising a set of pump-cylinders corresponding in number to, and 'respectively connected with, the hydraulic cylinders by individual pipe connections, said pump-cylinders being arranged in cop. erative pairs, and each pair of pump-cylinders connected with a corresponding pair of diametrically-opposed hydraulic cylinders, a plunger member working in, and common to, each pair of pump-cylinders, a'connecting rod for 'each plunger member, and a series of intergeared driving connections for operating the several plunger members intimed relation to each other.

20. In combination with a gyratory Crusher ranged in a circumferential series to act upon the gyratory member of the crusher, and each having its. piston operatively connected i Wlth said stationary member, said hydraulic l cylinders being arranged in diamet'I'ically-opl posed pairs, a pump mechanism .comprising a set of pump-cylinders corresponding in numcharge of the product, acrusher-head shaft carrying, at its upper end la crusher-head, skeleton supports yor spiders bridging said central passageand supporting said cru sherhead shaft centrally therein, an open-topped gyratory annular crusher member surrounding the crusher-head, and means-for gyrating said 'gyratory member.

"22. In a gyratory crusher, the combination of a main frame having a central passage therethrough for the discharge of the product, a crusher-head shaft carrying at its up# per end a crusher-head, skeleton supports or spiders bridgingA the central passage and providedI With 1ournal-bearings supporting said crUsher-head shaft vertically and centrally within said passage, a tubular-casing inclos-v ing said shaft completely between the proxivmate.. sides of the journal portions of said spiders and a lowerend closure inclo'sing the lower end of the j ournal-opem'ng of the lower spider, whereby a well is formed for the retention of oil to keep both upper and lower 'journal-bearings flooded.

- OLIVER C. REDDING. Witnesses:

ALBERT H. GRAVES,

FREDERICKC. GOODWIN.

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