US845755A - Tempering-bath for steel. - Google Patents

Tempering-bath for steel. Download PDF

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Publication number
US845755A
US845755A US33515306A US1906335153A US845755A US 845755 A US845755 A US 845755A US 33515306 A US33515306 A US 33515306A US 1906335153 A US1906335153 A US 1906335153A US 845755 A US845755 A US 845755A
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bath
mercury
steel
phenol
tempering
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US33515306A
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James Churchward
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/001—Electrorheological fluids; smart fluids

Definitions

  • J AMES JnURcnWARn, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in 'lempering-Baths for Steel, of which the following is a specification.
  • This invention relates, as its title indicates, to baths for quenching steel to impart a special hardness thereto. 7
  • a suitable proportion of a phenol' such as carbolic acid (phenyl hydroxid) or creosote, (a monomethyl ph enol,) for exam plc-with some fatty substance-such as glycerin (glycerol) or linseed-oil, for exampleform the-quenching-bath.
  • a phenol' such as carbolic acid (phenyl hydroxid) or creosote, (a monomethyl ph enol,) for exam plc-with some fatty substance-such as glycerin (glycerol) or linseed-oil, for exampleform the-quenching-bath.
  • Carbolic acid 30% to 'Linsecdoilto 50% The bottom of said receptacle is lined or covered with a layer of mercury and lard mixed together, as follows:
  • Mercury 30% to 50% Lard or-fat 70% to 50% The mixture of mercury and lard or fat may cury mixture until the temperature is reduccd to about 800 Fahrenheit, and then aga n plunge 1t Into the phenol-hath until cooled; but the most simple, safest, and the most effective Way is to have the mercury mass covered by the phenol and oil liquid, and then when the heated metal comes in contact with the mercury and fat the dangerous fumes arising therefrom will be filtered by the oil and escape in a much less dan erous form, if not in an absolutely harm ess form. found in the bath of oil and phenol covering the mercury mass.
  • edge or cutting part only may be submerged in the mercury, thus giving an extremely hard edge or point with a toughened back, or in the case of an armor-plate an extremely hard face Where it has rested in the mercury and a tough face where it has not come in contact with the mercury.
  • the bath should be kept as cool as possible and the tool or plate should remain init until reduced to a temperature of 300 Fahrenheit to 500 Fahrenheit. It may then be taken out and sprayed with cold Water until absolutely cold, when there would be no chance of semi-annealing from internal heat.
  • fatty substance or material as herein used are meant to include glycerin, oils of all kinds, and other substances containing fatty acids.
  • liquid mercury as a tempering-bath aiter the steel has been rolledin horax, and t'u's I do not claim.
  • the mercury used is mired with some fatty substance and when used with a phenol-bath it will be at'thebotlom with the lighter fatty substances above it.
  • a quenching-bath for steel containing claim a phenol-bath having at its bottom a mixture 1.

Description

JAMES CHURCHWARD, OF NEW YORK, N
TEMPERlNG-BATH FOR STEEL.
Speeifieationof Letters Patent.
Patented March 5. 1907.
Application filed September 18.1906. Serial No. 335.153.
To m' whom it 'I'H/IJ/I/ concern."
Be it known that l, J AMES (JnURcnWARn, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in 'lempering-Baths for Steel, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates, as its title indicates, to baths for quenching steel to impart a special hardness thereto. 7
llitherto the common custom has been to heat the steel and then plunge it into Water or oil. In my United States Patent No. 832,771, of October 9, 1906, I have described and claimed a quencl'iing-hath eontaininga phenol or phenol derivative mixed-With an oil or other fatty substance, and this I do not claim broadly herein; but the object of this invention is to provide a bath containing .mercury and a fatty substance for special hardening, the latter being adapted for use with special advantages in connection with the aforesaid phenol-bath.
In carrying out the invention in an approved l'orm a suitable proportion of a phenol'such as carbolic acid (phenyl hydroxid) or creosote, (a monomethyl ph enol,) for exam plc-with some fatty substance-such as glycerin (glycerol) or linseed-oil, for exampleform the-quenching-bath.
For steel heated up to about1,400 Fahrenheit to 1,600Fahrcnheit a bath composed as follows, in a suitable tank or receptacle, will produce good results:
Carbolic acid 30% to 'Linsecdoilto 50% The bottom of said receptacle is lined or covered with a layer of mercury and lard mixed together, as follows:
Mercury 30% to 50% Lard or-fat 70% to 50% The mixture of mercury and lard or fat may cury mixture until the temperature is reduccd to about 800 Fahrenheit, and then aga n plunge 1t Into the phenol-hath until cooled; but the most simple, safest, and the most effective Way is to have the mercury mass covered by the phenol and oil liquid, and then when the heated metal comes in contact with the mercury and fat the dangerous fumes arising therefrom will be filtered by the oil and escape in a much less dan erous form, if not in an absolutely harm ess form. found in the bath of oil and phenol covering the mercury mass. For instance, in tempering a tool the edge or cutting part only may be submerged in the mercury, thus giving an extremely hard edge or point with a toughened back, or in the case of an armor-plate an extremely hard face Where it has rested in the mercury and a tough face where it has not come in contact with the mercury.
The bath should be kept as cool as possible and the tool or plate should remain init until reduced to a temperature of 300 Fahrenheit to 500 Fahrenheit. It may then be taken out and sprayed with cold Water until absolutely cold, when there would be no chance of semi-annealing from internal heat.
The pro ortions of the ingredients of the quenchingath mav be varied somewhat without departing from the spirit of the'inventioxn The words fatty substance or material as herein used are meant to include glycerin, oils of all kinds, and other substances containing fatty acids.
I am aware that it has been proposed to use liquid mercury as a tempering-bath aiter the steel has been rolledin horax, and t'u's I do not claim. In accordance with the present invention the mercury used is mired with some fatty substance and when used with a phenol-bath it will be at'thebotlom with the lighter fatty substances above it.
Other great advantages are also Having thus described my invention, 1 4. A quenching-bath for steel, containing claim a phenol-bath having at its bottom a mixture 1. A quenching-bath for steel, containing of mercury with a fatty substance. mercury and a fatty substance. In witness whereof 1 have hereunto signed 5 '2. A quenching-bath for steel, containing my namejt'his 17th day of September, 1906, 15 mercury, linseed-oil, and u phenol, the merin the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.v
cury being at the bottom of the bath. JAMES ()H U ROhWAliD 3. A quenching-bath for steel containing Witnesses: v mercury, linseed-oil, and carbolic acid, the WILLIAM J. FIRTH,
1 0 mercury being at the bottom of the bath. H. G. HOSE.
US33515306A 1906-09-18 1906-09-18 Tempering-bath for steel. Expired - Lifetime US845755A (en)

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