US844652A - Three-wire reversible-drum controller. - Google Patents

Description

`110.844,652. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

T. E. BARNUM.

THREE WIRE REVERSIBLE DRUM CONTROLLER.

APPLIOATION FILED 00123, 1904.

3 BHEETS-SHEET 1.

Gn /Ml By i r a fsrsns co., wAsNlNolou. D.

PATENTED FEB. 19. 1907.

T. E. BAENUM.' THREE WIRE REVERSIBLE DRUM ooNTEoLLEE.

APPLIOATION FILED 00123. 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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u. c mz Nona/s uns no` wnsmnarom PATBNTBD PEB. 19, 1907.

T. E. RARNUM. THREE WIRE REVERSIBLE DRUM CONTROLLER.

APPLIOATIOH I'IEED 0(1T.3| 1904.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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RRERNEUE 5% or other device for turning the same.

UNITED STATES.

THOMAS E. BARNUM, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO THE OUT- PATENT oEEIoE.

LER-HAMMER MFG. CO., OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN THREE-WIRE REVERSIBLE-DRUM CONTROLLER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 19, 1907.

Application filed October 3,1904. Sei la] No. 227,016.

To u# IIJ/mm, it ift/L f/ urmccrft:

Be it known that I, THOMAS E. BARNUM, a citizen of the United States, rcsidinfr at M11- waukee, in the county of Milwaurkec and State of lVisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in Three-Wire Reversible-Drum Controllers, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

The present invention relates to improvements 1n electric-motor controllers, it being the object thereof to provide a controller which shall be capable of regulating an electric motor to obtain a wide variation in the speed thereof and also of controlling the direction of operation of the motor and which shall be efficient and compact.

The present invention, when embodied in the preferred form thereof, containsa rotatable member carrying contacts and adapted to be rotated in either direction from the initial position thereof, and another rotatable member, also carrying contacts and rotated always in the same direction from the initial position thereof by means operated by the former member.

A n embodimentof the present invention, which will serve to explain the invention, has been illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which the several figures are as follows: i

Figure 1 is an elevation of the interior mechanism of a controller constructed in accordance with the present invention, the casing of the controller being in section. Fig. 2 is a cross-section through said controller on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar view on the line 3 3 of Fig, 1, and Fig. 4 is a diagram of the motor-circuits and the contacts of the controller developed in a plane.

In the controller illustrated in the drawings an operating-shaft 1 may be journaled within a suitable casing 2 and have the upper end thereof extended 4through the top of the casing and connected to a hand-wheel 3 A latch 4, ada ted to engage stops 5, may be carried by tfie hand-wheel to lock the same in the initial position thereof, and this latch may be actuated to release the hand-wheel by a button 6, which has a stem 7, extending through the handle of the hand-wheel and engaging the latch. v

The operating-shaft has mounted thereon shells 8 8"", which are referably supported by a bracket 9, fastened) upon said shaft and which carry reversing switch-contacts 10. These shells are insulated from each other and are connected at the bottom by an insulating-plate 11. Also upon the operatingshaft are mounted disks 12, which carry contacts 13 of a main-line switch. The reversing switch-contacts and the main-line switchcontacts are adapted to enga e contactfingers or circuit-terminals 14 an 15, respectively, which are preferably mounted upon a block 16. These terminals are connected in circuit, as shall be hereinafter explained, and between the same are preferably placed insulating-partitions 17.

The main-line switch-contacts 13 and the terminais 15, adapted to be engaged thereby, are preferably protected from an arc forming between the same by a blow-out maffnet' 18, which may be mounted upon a plnate 19. Also within the casing may be journaled a counter-shaft 20, upon-which may be mounted a shell 21, supported by a bracket 22, fastened Vupon the counter-shaft. This shaft 4preferably has mounted thereon a contact 23, adapted to engage contact-fingers or cir-' cuitterminals 24, and also contacts 25, adapted to engage contact-fingers or resistance-terminals 26. These contact-figures or terminals are preferably mounted upon a block 27. Upon a stationary `plate 28 are mounted a series of contacts or resistanceterminals 29, arranged in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the counter-shaft. These resistance terminals are adapted to be engaged by contacts or brushes 30, mounted upon a plate or block 31, supported by the shell 21.

'The counter-shaft may be provided with a notched wheel 32, which is engaged by a lever 33, actuated by a spring 34. This wheel and lever regulate the operation of the controller, and said wheel may be provided with a notch for each division in the armature resistance. The counter-shaft has fastened thereto a pinion or gear 35, with v hich meshes a segmental gear 36, pivoted to the casing,

and this segmental gear may be connected' by a link 37 to an arm 38, fastened upon the -lOO operating-shaft. When the operating-shaft is turned, the arm 38, acting through the link 37, moves the segmental gear 36. The pinion 35 being driven by the segmental gear, the counter-shaft will be rotated simultaneously with the operating-shaft. In the initial position of the parts of the operating mechanism of the counter-Shaft the point of connection of the link to the arm lies sul)- stantially in alincment with the axis of the operating-shaft and the point of connection of the link to the segmental gear. Consequently the operating-shaft may be turned in either direction from the initial position thereof, and stillthe countershaft will always be rotated in the same direction from its initial position. rlhe mechanism for driving the counter-shaft is preferably adapted to turn said shaft substantially a complete revolution, while the operating-shaft turns substantially a half-revolution.

The operation of the controller shall be explained in connection with the diagram of circuits illustrated in Fig. 4. In this diagram the various contacts are shown developed in a plane. As there are often several contacts serving a similar purpose, the reference-numerals heretofore employed to indicate some of said contacts shall be supplemented by reference-letters in some instances to distinguish the contacts o-f the same kind. When the parts of the controller arein the initial position thereof, the contacts assume the relation indicated in the diagram. The contact-fingers or resistance-terminals 26 may be'connected by conductors to an armature resistance 39, and the contacts or resistance-terminals 29 may be connected by conductors to a field resistance 40. The motor to be controlled may have an armature 41 and a field 42, and the current for operating this motor may be supplied from a multivoltage system of electrical distribution, which may have conductors 43, 44, and 45, the conductor 43 being positive, the conductor 44 neutral, and the conductor 45 negative. The voltage between the positive and neutra] wires may be two hundred and twenty volts, while the voltage between the positive and the neutral conductors or the negative and neutral conductors may be one hundred and ten volts.

If the controller-handle be turned so that both members thereof will move in the direction indicated by the arrow, then the armature-circuit will first be closed from the conductor 43 through the contact-finger 15, motor switch-contacts 13a 13b, respectively, contact-linger 15, blow-out magnet 1S, conductor 46; contact finger 14, reversing switch contacts 10" 10d,respectively, contact finger 14', conductor 47, armature 41, conductor 48, contact-linger 14", conductor 49, contact-finger 14h, reversing switch-contacts 10b 10, contact-finger 14, conductor 50, contact-lin er 261, conductor 51, contactlinger 26", all t 1e armature resistance 39, contact-linger 26, contact 25, contact 23, and contact-finger 24, to the negative conductor 44, and thev field-circuit will exist from the positive conductor 43 through field 42, con- -ductor 52, contact 29", brus es 3U*l and 30",

respectively, contact 29l and conductor 53 to the negative conductor 45. The armature being connected across the low-voltage conductors with all the armature resistance in circuit and the field being connected across the high-voltage conductors with all the field resistance out of circuit, the motor will operate at its lowest speed. Vv hen the contact 25", 25, 25", and 25e come into engagement with the contact-lingers 26, 26, 26, and 26e, respectiv el y,the armature resistance will be removed from circuit, and thus the speed of the motor wi ll be in creased. The brushes 3()a and 3()b will now come into engagement with contacts 29", 29, 29d, 29e, 29f, 29g, 29h, and 29, and thus the lield resistance 40, which has previously been short-eircuited, will be step ed into circuit to further increase the Spee of the motor. At this stage in the operation of the motor the Contact 23 leaves the contact-finger 24 and comes into engagement with the contact-finger 24b to connect the armature between the high-voltage conductors, and the; armature resistance is reinserted in circuit with the armature. The armature-circuit now exists from the positive conductor 43 through the contact-iinger 15b, contacts 13d and 13, contact-finger 15, blow-out magnet 18, conductor 46, contact-finger 14d, contact 10C and 10d, respectively, contact-finger 14, conductor 47, armature 41, conductor 48, contact-inger 14", conductor 49, contactlinger 14h, contacts 10b and 10a,respectively, contact-finger 14, conductor 50, contactfinger 265, all the armature resistance 39, contact-finger 26', contact 25, contact 23, contact-finger 24F, and conductor 54 to the negative conductor 45. When the contact 23 passes from engagement with the contactlinger 24 and comes into engagement with the contact-finger 24h, the contacts 13a and 13" leave the contact -fingers 15a and 15, respectively, and contacts 13c and 13d come into engagement with said contact-fingels The main circuit is thus openedA at the motor switch-contacts while the change is being made in the armature -circuit. If any arc forms between the motor-switch contacts, it will be extinguished by the blow-out ma net, and consequently any arc which ten s to form at other contacts will be disrupted'. During the movement of the controller to change the armature-circuits and reinsert the armature resistance in circuit the lieldi resistance 40 will be removed from circuit. The field will remain connected between-the high-voltage conductors, and hence the circuit thereof Will not be changed. When the IOO contacts 25b to 25", inclusive, come into engagement with the fingers 26K to 26j, inclusive, respectively, the armature resistance Will be again removed from circuit, and after thisoccurs the brushes 30 and 30h will pass over contacts to reinsert the field resistance 40 in circuit with the field.

If the controller-handle be turned in the reverse direction, then the armature-circuit will be closed from the contact-iinger 14i throu h contact-segments 10 and 10b, contactnger' 14, conductor 48, armature 41, conductor 47, contact-finger 14f, conductor 55, contact-finger 14, contact-segment 10" and 1U, respectively, and contact-finger 147x to conductor 50, and consequently the motor would run in the opposite direction from that which it did bel'ore. All other circuits would remain substantially the saine as before.

It will be observed that with this controller the' speed of the motor may be increased,irst, by connecting the armature to a low-voltage source of electrical energy and decreasing the resistance in the armature-circuit; second, increasing the resistance in the field-circuit; third, connecting the armature to a high-voltage source of electrical energy and again decreasing the resistance inthe armature-circuit, and, finally, again increasing the resistance in the fieldcircuit. Conse uently the speed of the motor may be wide y varied.

It will be understood that various features of the present invention may be applied `to different purposes than those which have been herein mentioned and that many changes may be made in the embodiment of the invention herein set forth.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is`

1. In a motor-controller, in combination a rotatable member carrying contacts and arranged to be rotated in either direction from the initial position thereof to control the direction of operation of the motor, another rotatable member also carrying contacts and arranged to control the resistance of the motor and connect said motor with a high-voltage source of electrical energy, and with a low-voltage source of electrical energy, means operated by the first member, and rotating said second member always in the same direction.

2. In a motor-controller, in combination a i rotatable member carrying contacts and arranged to be rotated in either direction from the initial`position for controlling the direction of operation of the motor, another rotatable member carrying contacts and arranged to control the resistance of said mo- I tor and connect said motor with a source of low-voltage electrical energy, and with a I source of high-voltage electrical energy, a

handle for operating the former member, a gear fastened to the latter member and having the gear meshing therewith, an arm attached to the former member, and a link connecting said arm to the latter gear.

3. ln a motor-controller, in combination a rotatable member carrying contacts and adapted to be rotated in either direction from the initial position thereof, circuit-terminals adapted to be engaged ly said contacts for controlling the direction of operation of the motor, another rotatable member also carrying contacts, resistance-terminals adapted to be engaged by said latter contacts, contactterminals connected with a source of highvoltage electrical energy, and contact-terminals connected with a source of low-.voltage electrical energy adapted to be engaged by contacts carried on said second rotatable member, and means operated by the former member and adapted to rotate the latter member always in the same direction from the initial position thereof.

4. In a motor-controller, in combination a rotatable member carrying contacts and adapted to rotate in either direction from the initial position thereof, circuit terminals adapted to be engaged ky said contacts to control the direction of operation of the motor, another rotatable member also carrying contacts, resistance-terminals adapted to be engaged by the latter contacts, terminals connected with a source of high-voltage electrical energy, terminals connected with a source of low-voltage electrical ener also adapted to be engaged by contacts carrled by said second-mentioned member, a gear fastened to said latter member and having a gear meshing therewith, an arm fastened to the former member and a link connecting said arm to the latter gear.

5. In a motor-controller, in combination a rotatable niember adapted to be rotated in either direction from the initial position thereof, reversible switch-contacts carried by said member, circuit-terminals adapted to be engaged by said contacts whereby the direction of operation of the motor is controlled, another rotatable member also carrying contacts, resistance-terminals adapted to be engaged by the latter contacts, terminals connected with a source of high-voltage electrical energy, terminals connected with a source of low-voltage electrical energy arranged to be engaged by contacts carried by said second-mentioned member, resistanceterminals adapted to be engaged by contacts carried by said second-mentioned rotatable member', and means operated by the former member and adapted to rotate the latter member, always in the same direction from the initial position thereof.

6. In a motor-controller, in combination a rotatable membenadapted to be rotated in leither direction from the initialposition lOO thereof, reversible switch-contacts carried by said member, circuit-terminals adapted to be engaged by said contacts whereby the direcr tion of operation of the motor is controlled anl 'mentioned member, a gear fastened to the latter member and having a gear meshing therewith, an arm fastened to the former member, and a link connecting the latter gear to said arm.

7. In combination, a rotatable member ad ip ted to be rotated in either direction fro m the initial position thereof, reversing switchcontacts carried thereby, circuit-terminals adapted to be engaged by said contacts, another rotatable member, contacts arranged cylindrically'upon the latter member,resist ance-terminalsadapted to be engaged by the latter contacts, resistance-terminals arranged in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of the latter rotatable member, contacts carrifd by the latter rota-table member and adapted to engage the latter resistance-tervcontacts whereby the direction o minals, and means operated by the former member and adapted to rotate the latter member always in the saine direction from the initial position thereof.

8. In a motor-controller, in combination a rotatable member carrying contacts, circuit-terminals adapted to be engaged by said operation of the motor is controlled, another rotatable member also carrying contacts, terminals connected with a source of high-voltage electrical energy, terminals connected with. a source of low-voltage electrical energy adapted to be engaged by said latter contacts, resistance-terminals adapted to be engaged by contacts carried by said secondementioned rotatable member anda blowout magnet adapted to extinguish any arc which may form at the contacts upon one of said members to prevent an arc forming at the contacts of the other member.

9. In combination, a rotatable member adapted to be rotated in either direction from the initial position thereof, a handle for turning said member, reversing switch-contacts carried by said member, circuit-terminals adapted to be engaged by said contacts, main switch-contacts also carried by said member, circuit-terminals adapted to be engaged by said main switch-contacts, another rotatable member also carryinr contacts, resistanceterminals adapted toghe engaged thereby, a blow out magnet for disrupting any arc which may be formed between the main switch-contacts and the terminals engaging therewith, and means operated by the former member and adapted to drive the latter member always in the same direction from the initial position thereof.

l0. In a motor-controller, in combination a rotatable member adapted to berotated in either direction from the initial position thereof, a handle for operating said member, reversing switch-contacts carried by said member, circuitterminals adapted to be engaged by said contacts whereby the direction of operation of the motor is controlled, another rotatable member carryi contacts, resistance-terminals adapted to e engaoed by said contacts, terminals connectedf'wit a source of low-volt ore electrical energy, terminals connected with a source of high-voltage electrical energy, and adapted to be engaged by contacts carried by said lattermentioned member, a gear attached tothe latter member, and having a gear meshing therewith, the latter gear being pivoted upon a stationary support, an arm attached to. the former member and a link connecting said arm tothe pivoted. gear, the point of connection of said link to said arm being Substantially in alinement with the point ci connection of said Link tosaid pivoted gear and the axis of said rotatable member when the rotatable members are in the initial position thereof. v

In witness whereof I have hereunto. subscribed my name in the presence of twowit- DGSSSS.

THOMAS, E. BARNUM. Witnesses:

WALTER E. SABGENT, L. P. CoULTnR.

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