US844504A - Apparatus for regulating combustion in furnaces. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED FEB. 19

H. L. oHBRTY. APPARATUS PoR REGULATING GOMBUSTION IN-PURNAGES.

. APPLIOATION lFILED FEB. 1.. 19.04.

No. 844,504. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. H. L. DOHER'IY.

APPARATUS FOR REGULATING COMBUSTION IN FURNAGES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. l. 1904.

5 SHEET/S-SHEET 2.

` PATENTED PEB. 19, 1907. l H. L. DOHERTY. APPARATUS POR REGULATI'NG GOMBUSTION IN FURNACBS.

*APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1. 1904.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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" PATENTED FEB.- 19, 1907.

. E. L. DOHERTY.. APPARATUS FOR RBGULATING GOMBUSTION 1N mRNA-GES.A

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 1. 1904.

5 BIIEET-BEEBT 5.

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- Seventeenth street, Denver,

, bonaceous material.

v3,0 trouble in cleaning out.

l so as to be present.

4o Afuel is ,not -burned e oXid by the air so admitted. The carbon dioxid, which is introduced and which may bev is used in place of Waterv4 or steam and may suitable source and UNITED STATES l'PATENT OEEIOE."

HENRY L. DOHERTY, OE MADISON, wIscoNsIN, AssIoNOE, BYMEsN'E AssIeN 'MENTs To oOMBUsTION UTILITIES COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

' .APPARATUS Fon nEGui-.AT'INGYCOMBusTloN IN IFURNAGES.v

` .Specificationof Letters Patent.`

^ Patented Feb.'19, 1907.

Application filed February 1,1904. Serial No. 191.404;

To a/ZZ 4whom, ,it -may concern: Beit known that I, HENRY L. DOHERTY, of Madison, Wisconsin, (post-oflicc address care of The Improved Equipment Company, 405 Oolorado,) .have '\ir`lven'fed' certain new and useful Improves ments in Apparatus tion in Furnaces, of specification. i

ulating combustion in furnaces, and is particularly desirable Sand useful connection with'gasfpro ducers and other furnaces where#A in the temperature vtends to become excess- 15 ively high "ried out y passing air or air `with' steam` ov throu h the body .of fuel, which may besoft or other suitable car-` Water-boshes and drip.

plates 'are used for the purppse of facilitating "the production of steam, 2 5 carbon, parting with its oxygen, and thus procoal, ard coal, coke,

w ch acts upon the duci'ng la mixture of carbon monoXid and hy drogen. If the steam is not used, the bed of fucl will become gradually hotter and hotter, causing Also the steam or water-vapor serves to keep down the etemper-- ature. j y j In carrying outthe objects of the invention carbon dioxid,l is introduced to the fuel, 't'h the oxygen that sup-v ports combustion, means being provided for introducing'the carbon dioXid in quantities -commensurate with the supply of air, and b oth being so` limited that lthe carbon of the completely to carbon ,di-

pure or impure,

be obtained from any is preferably preheated. ,Usually it can be obtained from the products of combustion already heated, and by returning Vit'under the vgrate Y that muchheat is [saved as compared with the heatingv of coalgas un 4tothe ignition temperature. The c'ar- 0`n dioxid,'ifobtained 'from the previouslytermed #products for Regulating Combusv which the following is a.

This invention relates to apparatus for regcaking and clinkering fand givingl of the produc injector shown in the aforesaid figures.

ingRanother form of the invention.

of combustion and valrea y' 'is'provded with preheated, will accomplish'the reduction of temperature in the ,furnace with the greatest economy and without any such' Waste of en-` ergy as would occur if water were employed in place .of the carbon dioXid and first raised to boiling and then, introduced as steam. There is also a further economy effectuated through the introduction of the hot hue-gases and products of combustion under the grate, because they invariably contain a considerable amount Of'unburne'd oxygen and some unburned combustible gals, which, being already heated, 'saves the amount of energy that would be. required to heat the equiva lent quantity of air with its four volumes of inert nitrogen for each-volume of-Whichwould have to be raised to the ternperature of the furnace.

of, oxygen, 'all' with a gas-producer a suitable injector or fan c is preferab y used for introducing the air and the carbon dioxid. Preferablyv the form of 'injector or fan which is to be described herein is used. l

vIn the accompanying drawings there is shown for the purpose of clearly indicating the principles of the invention a twin gasproducer, and in these drawings, Figure l'ris a sectional Fig. Z-is a vertical section thereof, thesame showing to the left the producer which is shown 1n section in Fig. 1 and to the right showing the setting and re ener'ative parts r which yis're atively back of or to the rear of the producer shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 is a section on theline 3 3 of Fig. 1. l Fig'..4 is a front elevation of the iuegas 1 51s a side elevation of said injector. Figg is a plan. Fig. 7 isa vertical section through 8o fr ont elevation of a gas-producer.

the injector on the line 7 7, Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is# View thereof; and Figs. 11, 12, and 13 are -l views of similar character to 1, 2, and 3,show

eferring now to these drawings, and more'particularly to Figs. y1, 2, and 3, which 'willbebrieiy described,the gas-producer a a charging-chute b, through supplied.

force-d through the channels m 1t into: the'` ducts f and through the ports f under they grate and to the -fuel. Where atmospheric air is drawn in, ofcourse .the nitro en gas is 5 heated up by contact with the hot rie-gases,

no evident, that pure oxygen maybe drawn, in

or lthat carbon' dioxid 'from any suitablesource other than'the producer itself maybe It is immaterial lto thejprinciple 'of the in'- r 5 vention What form of injector, -fan, orother apparatus is used for introducing the air and the carbon dioxid, though 'it is of courseadivantageous that the quantity of carbon diox'id introduced be controlled and made commensurate with the quantity of oxygen .or air admitted. The eater'the quanitty of carbon dioxid intro uced thelower will be the temperature.` The introduction of too great anv amount would Wholly retard z5 combustion, while vthe introduction of an insuicient amountl would maintain the tem-y perature at too high a point.l Consequently in the practice of the invention a greater or Y less amount is Aadmitted,'according to the V 3o temperature desired, it being preferable lto admit. a little more rather than less than the amount required to properly controlv the temperature.I As this is known to varyunder different 4conditions and different qualidioxid for' about twelve volumes ofB air will `vvork- -advantageously.` By 'properly con; Itrolling the dampers k2 and o 'the regulation maybe accomplished to a --nic'ety--'` When -there is a certain pressure of theinjector-air,-

and-theiiuefgases inthe lues, g .carry a certain proportion of oxygen andcarbon dioxid,

the mixture of' flue-gases. and air delivered' underv the grate-bars' can be varied by open'- .ing or closing] the damper kt Thisi could als be accomplished by opening .or closing lthe damper o ,provided the pressure under the grate was less than atmospheric pressure, which Would .allow 'the-'outside air to pass through the openinlg's controlled byfsaid Y damper. vI-Iigher e ciency could also be maintained by usingsomeofthe heat of the waste flue.- gases to' heat the injector air. Where the combustion is to gbeg, completed, instead of utilizing the gas' elsewhere, a furvther supply of oxygen or air is admitted after the ises leave the fuel-supply, and the gases InFigsQQ and 1Q a modifica tion of them-Q Zvention'is/s own in which insteadof an'ar fan p is' mountedon a .vertical shaft pf, which the urnace.

I'ally in usej ties of. fuel, no exact rule can be given. In practice it is found that one volume of carbon are, urned Substantially completely to car` g, that is supported from the lupper part of the tile-section jt The upper end 'of the shaft pt may be provided with a, steam turbine-Wheel 1", which 'may be driven by steam from a nozzle 1 in well-known manner, sup- 7o plied 'from a boiler, which maybe heated by The fan turns in a fan-casings, which is provided with a steam-outlet s. The fan-shaft turns,'preferably, in metaline bushings, suc as t t', Which do not require lubrication, and- Which'also can withstand 'the intense heat to which they are subjected. A damper u regulates the amount of air which is drawn in by the fan p, 4Whichfan also draws `in the Wastezi'iue-gases through the opening` v. In Figs. 11, 12, and l-an'otherformof gasbench is illustrated, in which the improved,

I process can'be carried' out.l This bench is quite similar in general design to that of the one shown in Figs. .1 to 3, inclusive, the difference being,` however, that in thebench shown in Figs.y 11 to 13 the Waste ases, after heatin the retorts, may be brou t down tol the fue -bed in the furnace with t e least ossible` loss of heat. In a furnace of this c aracter or construction the Waste gases, leavingthe retorts at 2,300 to 2,5009 and brought down without much loss of temperature, wouldl probably melt the grate-bar si'gener- This calls for a change in the construction of the grateLbars and likewise a change in the locatlon andconstructi'on of the injecting apparatus. The general partsl ofthe apparatus having beendescribed Willioo -the chan ed parts Willbe given yadditional refeenceetters. Additional o'r primary air l other than that lfurnished by thel injectorl nozzlew', inserted4 into aiiue w', tobe heref' in after referred to, is admitted through an ,fopen'ing controlled by a damper co2, this additional air flowing throu h suitable passages '.1`b3,1vvhich by means of auct lc4-connect with 1 1 'ov [the special vertical injector flue .I. The

type of recuperator Hues v which are shown are believed to be more e-licient` than the ordinary type of luesnow used;4 The damper-controlled opening-y (shown to the .115

left of Fig.' 1 1) vfor the secondary alr connects,

bymeans of eculiarly-arranged zigzag passages y, Wit the 4 combustion-chamber' in which the retorts are arranged, the .ducts lead-` ing from said passages for the secondary airl I'zo to said chamber being indicated by-y2. These passages and ducts y y2 are lclearly shown-to the right. of Fig-.11, the transverse'portions of the passages y being shown to the -ht lof Fig. 12. The Hue-gases pass out ,o the 125 4chimney y aftenirst passing throughl a sys-gtem' of zigzag passages g4, which 'are-connected at their 4upper ends with the. combus-v tion-chamber.. The upper portions of these vpassages yf* forthe line-gases vand products 'of' 13o combustion are connected by means of said special injector-flue with short branch fiues which are located under the producer, or rather under the grates, and which communicate with flue w, which contains a bushing, tile, or fire-brick provided With a flaring passagers?, similar to the corresponding passage in the injector apparatus shown in Figs.

1, 2, and 3. Thefsaid branch flue w is formed in'an elbow and extends or opens unerneatli the grate, Said ,injector-flute serves for .the purpose of'bringing the Waste or flue gas directly down with the leastpossible loss vof heat. The injector w, being located as shown,^serves alone for the purpose of taking care of the entire Waste gases thatl are required. It will be understood. that there is a special injector-flue n: at each side of the producer, branching 4off from the horizontal fluev w', into which thejinjector is'inserted. As ordinary grate-bars would in all probability be-melted by the intense yheat of the Waste ases, a special formof rate is desirable. v he' grate z shown is of fIr the purpose of withstanding the additional heat., The grate is composed of two retortshaped parts z', ofire-clay, 'which are open-at both ends, the inner ends being connected with the branch ilue fw', While the up er.. walls ofthe said parts zareprovidedwd n ...ai

number of longitudina ly-extending holes or slots z2. 'Ihese holes" allow -the Waste gases and air to pass directly up into the bed of fuel and the ashes to drop down. In this form of the apparatus the Waste gases and the necessary air to` support combustion are brought to the fuel-bed at the highest possible temperature in order to economize in the fuel which is necessary to operate the bench.

e-clay for 1 ers or in modified form, WhatI claim as new and of my invention is- 1. In an apparatus for regulating combuscombiistion-cliainber, flues for primary air and for secondary air and. flues for Waste gases,of passages or channels connectin the Waste-gas' lu'es with the primary airues, said channels being provided with a dampercontrolled opening for air and. anadjustable injector projecting into said channels or passages.

fied, the combination of a gas-producer, a gas-` turn-flues for products of combustion leading from the combustion-chamber to the stack air-fines, primary air-fines leading under- .neath thegrate, an injector for conducting air land a portion ofthe products of combusineans in addition to the injectorior regulating the bustion. Y In ltestimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of ytwo subscribingwitnesses.

j HENRY L. DOHERTY. Witnesses: j l

` R. B. SULLIVAN,

EUGENE Y. SAYER.

tion infurnaces, the combination with a gasproducing furnace comprising the producer,v

furnace having a regener'ator, a discharge- `and arranged in proximity to the secondaryl mixture of'airand productsof com-y ues leading to the combustion-chamber, re-

tionfrom the return-flues to the grate, and

. 55 2. In an apparatus of the character speci-

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