US843944A

US843944A - Calculating device.

Info

Publication number: US843944A
Application number: US27303105A
Authority: US
Inventors: Robert L Hibbard
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1905-08-07
Filing date: 1905-08-07
Publication date: 1907-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 1924-02-12

Description

R. L. HIBBARD. CALGULATING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 7, 19'05.

Fbi .1.

PATENTED FEB. l2, 1907.

Figure 1 is a plan view,

UNITED STATES PATENT OlTEiGlE.y

CALCULATING DEVICE.

Application To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT L. HIBBARD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Bellevue, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful impro ement in Calculating Devices, of which the following is a specification. My invention relates to calculating deviceshand has special reference to devices of the disk type, in which a plurality of annular scales are mounted in a single plane. -The object of my invention is to provide a disk slide-rule that shall be simple and inexpensive in construction, effective and accurate in operation, and that shall embody a 'plurality of annular scales all of which are .relatively fixed. Slide-rules or calculating devices of the disk type for the continuous calculation of a series of mathematical processes, as heretofore usually constructed, have embodied a plurality of logarithmic scales one or more of which were movable with respect to the others. This construction involved a relatively expensive and complicated design, since a careful alinement of the fixed and rotatable scales was essential for accurate results, and, furthermore, the rotatable scale members were comparatively fragile and subject'to excessive wear.

Accurate results may readily by the use of the which comprises, in general, a plurality of relatively fixed concentric annular scales and a plurality of transparent disks that are provided with radial index-lines and are rotatably mounted at the common center of the scales. This construction is especially simple and durable, may be of convenient size and shape for transportation, and is relatively inexpensive. l n

Various desirable results, such as the functions of angles and the squares and square roots of numbers, may by referring from one scale to another, but the principal advantage in the slide-rule of my invention lies in the fact that problems be obtained involving the multiplication and division ofa plurality of numbers may be solved with a minimum number of operations, the final result only being read and by reference to a single stationary scale.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichand Fig. 2 a par- Specication of Letters Patent.

filed August 7,1905. Serial No. 273,031.

slide-rule of my invention,

be obtained l4 Patented Feb. 12,'1907.

tial section, on a larger scale, of a calculating device constructed in. accordance therewith.

Referring to the drawings, the disk sliderule c comprises a plurality of concentric circular scales b, c, d, e, f, and g, a plane basesurface of any convenient shape, such as the disk JL, a transparent index-arm i, and a transparent disk that are rotatably mounted at thecomnion center of the aforesaid scales, and an axial member k. The disk 7L is rotatably' mounted on a lower cylindrical portionl of the axial member and engages a sprin -washer m, which is interposed between t ie disk and an outer flange n on said member. rThe scales may be laid out on the disk 7i, but a scale-plate 0 is preferably provided, which is so mounted upon the disk that the scales are concentric with the axial member 7c.

The transparent arm i is rotatably mounted upon an upper portion p of the axial inem- -ber and is similar to the lower portion, except that it is provided with a cylindrical projection g, which fits into a corresponding -counterbore 1 in the lower member, the transparent arm 'i being in engagement with a spring-washer s, that corresponds to the washer m and separates the disk from an upper fiange which corresponds to the lower flange n, while the transparent disk j is fitted to the cylindrical projection q and is fastened between the two axial members, which are rigidly clamped together by a screw a after the disks are assembled in position. Thus if the disk h upon which the scales are mounted is considered as a stationary element the arm/i and the disk?- are both rotatable relative to each other and to the disk and are provided, respectively, with radial index-lines i) and w, by which values read on -one scale may be transferred to another scale and various mathematical calculations performed, as hereinafter explained.

.it is obvious that the arm i, which rotates in engagement with the disk j, ma),T be replaced by a transparent disksimilar to the disk on which the index-line c could be p l until the index-l 28 on the scale.

numbers may be obtained in connection with t e scale c, a scale f for the natural tangents, a scale g for the natural sines of angles, may be varied in arrangement and radius of curvature without departing materially from the spirit of my invention, and I desire that all such variations shall be included within its scope.

To obtain the natural tangent of an angle, one of the radial indices is moved to correspond to the value of the angle on the scale f, when its natural tangent may be read from the scale l). Natural sines may be similarly obtained by referring from scale g to scale b. The mantissa for common logarithms of numbers may be read from the scale b in combination With the'scale c.

In order to illustrate the cont-inuous multiplication and division ol" a series of numbers, obtaining a single final result, I will assume a specific problem The index-line w on the transparent disk y' is set at 16 on the scale c. The arm 'fi is then independently moved until the indexline v coincides with. 4 on the same scale. The disk j and the index-arm t are then both rotated until the index-line e coincides with The arm 't is then independently moved until the index-line o coincides with 7, after ine v is coincident with 2, the inal result being' read from the position of the index-line w on the scale c. I claim as my invention`l 1. A calculating device that comprises ya .body portion having a plane surface, a plurality of logarithmic scales mounted thereon,

. a transparent disk, having a radial indexline, rotatably mounted on the plane surface ot the body portion, a second independentlyrotatable, transparent index-bearing memberthat is mounted at the center of the disk and a two-part clamping device ior said rotatable members;

2. A calculating device that comprises a body -portion having a plane surface, a plurality et scales mounted thereon, a p'aii` of axial clamping-sleeves, a transparent disk and a transparent arm rotatably mounted on the plane surface o f the body portion and clamped in position relative thereto by said clamping-sleeves.

s 3. A calculating device that comprises a' body portion havinga plane surface;

a plurality of concentric' annular scalesmounted rotatably mounted thereon, apair of 'said axial clamping-sleeves that annular engaging surfaces are provided with which is lclamped lbetween a transparent disk said disk being rotatably mounted on one of said portions, and a transparent arm which is on the other bearing.

r l l l l mounted that surfaces, cylindrical bearing portionsl scribed my name seama- 4. A calculating device that comprises a suitable disk-shaped body portion, a plurality of relatively fixed, concentric, annular scales mounted thereon, and a pair of axial clamping members that are provided with cylindrical engaging surfaces a transparent disk which is clamped between said surfaces, said body portion being rotatably mounted in engagement with said transparent disk and upon a cylindrical portion of said axial clamping members.Y

` 5. In a disk slide-rule, .the combination with a suitable body portion that is provided with plane surfaces, a plurality of relatively fixed, concentric, annular scales mounted thereon, and a pair of axial clamping members that are provided with annular engaging surfaces, and a transparent disk that is provided With a radial index-line and is rigidly supported between said clamping-sleeves, said body portion being rotatably mounted in engagement with said transparent disk and upon a cylindrical portion of said axial clamping-sleeves, oitv a second independentlyrotatable index that is mounted at the common center.

6. A calculating` device that comprises a suitable body portion that is provided with a plane surface, a plurality of relatively fixed concentric, annular, Alo'g r,arithmic scales mounted thereon, a transparent disk and a transparent arm that are rotatably mounted, With respectto said body portion, at the common center of said scales and are provided with radial index-lines.

7. In a disk slide-rule, the combination with a suitable body portion that is provided with a plane surface, a plurality ol. scales mounted thereon and a pair of axial clamping members that are provided with annular engaging surfaces, and a transparent disk that is provided with a radial index-line and is rigidly supported between said clamping sleeves, said body portion being rotatably mounted in engagement with said transpar- `ent disk, of a second independently-rotatable index that is mounted at the common center.

lOO

IIO

- 8. A calculating device that comprises a disk-shaped portion, a4 plurality of' scales mounted thereon, an axial clamping member on Which said body-disk Iis rotatably comprises two similar flanged are provided With complementary, annular, engaging surfaces, a transparent disk that uis fixed to said axial member and is provided with a radial in dex-line, and a second transparentdisk portion that is rotatably mounted on the first and is similarly provided with a radial index-line.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subthis 3d da` ot August, 1905-. ROBERT L. HIBBARD.

collars which Witnesses:

R. J. DEARBORN. BIRNEY HINEs.