US841274A - Roof connection for vent-pipes. - Google Patents

Description

No. 841,274. PATENTED JAN. 15, 1907. G. I. RYAN.

ROOF CONNECTION FOR VENT PIPES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.21. 1905.

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PATENTEI) JAN. 15, 1907.

G. 1. RYAN. ROOF CONNECTION FOR VENT PIPES.

APPLICATION IILED'AUG.21, 1905.

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GEORGE F. RYAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ROOF CONNECTION FOR VENT-PIPES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 15, 1907.

Continuation of application Serial No, 97,270, filed Iliarch 8. 1902. This application filed August 21, 1905. Serial No. 275.177.

To (all whm'n, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. RYAN, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the'borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Roof Connections for Vent- Pipes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improved roof connections for sewer and closet vent-pipes of buildings; and the object of the invention is to produce a connection of this character which will prevent the terminal or outlet end of the pipe from freezing in cold weather or in cold climates.

This application is a continuation of an earlier application bearing Serial No. 97,270, filed March 8, 1902.

It has been a common practice heretofore to extend the outlet ends of such vent-pipes a distance beyond the roof-line of from eighteen to twenty-four inches. Serious objection to this construction has been found to existnamely, that during the cooler seasons or in a cold climate the outlet end of the pipe becomes clogged by particles of frost or ice forming therein, such accumulations sometimes entirely closing the end of the pipe and cutting off ventilation therethrough. In order to prevent the terminal ends of said vent-pipes from closing in cold weather, I propose to terminate the vent-pipe closely adjacent to the roof-line end within the effective area of the influence of the heat beneath the roof and to so construct the roof immediately adjacent to the exposed end of the vent-pipe as to facilitate the conduction of the heat beneath the roof to the outlet or exposed end of the vent-pipe, and thereby prevent accumulation of frost and ice at said outlet end of the pipe. The warmer air of a building rises to the higher part thereofto wit, the space beneath the roofand the temperature of the warmer air is ordinarily ample in the construction proposed-to heat the exposed end of the vent-pipe sufiiciently to prevent the formation of frost and ice therein during cold weather. In case the natural heat of the building is not sufiicient for the purpose mentioned, as when the building is loosely or openly constructed, it may be supplemented by artificial heat. By the phrase within the effective area of the influence of the heat beneath the roof is meant that the terminal of the vent-pipe is so closeto the roof-line that the ordinary or a predetermined temperature of the air beneath the roof will prevent the terminal from being closed during cold weather by frost or ice.

I have shown in the drawings one practical means of carrying my invention into effect, illustrating a numb er of modifications thereof.

As shown in'the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section taken through a gravel roof, showing a vent-pipe extending therethrough provided with my improved connection. Fig. 2 is .a plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a modification wherein the thin roof-section is formed an integral part of the terminal section of the vent-pipe. Fig. t illustrates the application of my improvements to a pitch or slanting roof. Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate means of applying artificial heat to the pipe to supplement the natural heat of the building.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, A designates a fiat gravel roof or common construction supported on rafters or joist B. C designates the outlet or terminal section of a sewer and closet vent-pipe stack, and C represents a revent opening thereinto. The roof A is provided with an outlet-opening A for the pipe C, said opening being made of larger diameter than the exterior diameter of the pipe. If, for example, the diameter of the upper end of the pipe be eight inches, the diameter of the opening A will desirably be in the neighborhood of twenty inches, thereby leaving between the pipe and the roof proper an annular opening about six inches in width. The pipe preferably extends a short distance beyond the roof-line. This annular opening is covered, as shown in Fig. 1, by a sheet-metal plate D, preferably lead, which is suitably attached at its outer margin to the roof. The plate is shown as made circular and is provided with a central opening. The margin of the plate around said central opening is turned downwardly into the open end of the pipe to form a circular flange d, which fits closely in said pipe. In order to insure a tight oint between the said fiange of sheet-metal plate and pipe, a-narrow calking-ring is inserted into said flange and rests on an upwardly-facing interior shoulder formed by enlarging the pipe, as shown in Fig. 1, and between said calking-ring and said flange of the sheet-metal plate is formed in a familiar mannera suitable calked joint. It will be seen, therefore, that the section of the roof immediately surrounding or adjacent to the pipe 0 consists of the metal plate D and that said metal plate is made so thin that the natural heat of the building passes readily therethrough, so as to maintain the upper exposed end of the terminal section of the pipe which is closely adjacent thereto in a condition to prevent the formation of ice and frost. As herein shown, the outer margin of the plate is attached to the roof by means of a clamping-ring E, applied over the margin of thesaid plate, and clamping-bolts E, extending through the plate and through the roof. Preferably the bolts pass at their lower ends through a companion ring E, located beneath the roof. In order to prevent the rain flowing into the pipe from the roof, said pipe is extended a slight distance beyond the roof-line, and the sheet-plate D is inclined outwardly therefrom and constitutes a shed which slants in all directions from the pipe.

In Fig. 3 the pipe C is shown as provided with an integral flange G which takes the place of the sheet-metal plate D above described, said flange being made of sufficient diameter to bridge the opening A in the roof.

and adapted to be attached at its outer margin to the roof in any suitable manner, as by bolts. The said flange is tapered from its margin upwardly toward the end of the pipe, thereby constituting an inclined shed, which extends above the roof line to prevent the entrance of water from the roof to said pipe.

In Fig. 4 I have shown my improvement as applied to a pitch or slanting roof. As shown in said figure, C designates the upper section or terminal of the vent-pipe which. extends through anopening F in the roof,

said opening being made larger than the pipe,

as in the construction before described. G designates a sheet metal'plate which covers the opening F between the roof and the pipe and is provided in line with the pipe with. a central opening. Said plate is attached at its margin to the sheathing f of the roof, and the margin thereof around the central opening is turned downwardly to form a flange g, which fits within and overlaps the upper end of the pipe C A'calking-ring F fits within said flange, between which and the flange is formed a calked joint to prevent the escape of gas between the flange g and said pipe. Said upper end of the pipe is cut at such angle that the side of the pipe nearest the gable is longer than the lower side. The lower side of the pipe C is located at the roof-line, while the upper. side thereof extends somewhat above the same. The plate G is formed between the upper or larger side of the pipe and the roof to constitute a shed to prevent the entrance of water from the roof to the pipe. Said shed is not required at the lower or shorter side of the pipe,for the reason that water does not tend to enter the same at this place. The sheet-metal plate G is desirably made square in plan view, and the upper margin thereof is inserted below a course of between the same and the sheathing f. The

lower end of the plate is provided with an overhan ing lip g, which is adapted to overlap the flrst course f of the shingles below said plate. The plate is attached to the roof by means of bolts f, which extend therethrough and through rings f on the upper and lower sides of the roof in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 1 before described.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have illustrated means for supplying artificial heat around the terminal of the vent-pipe just beneath the roof. In these figures the construction of the terminal pipe, the plate, and the roof are similar to those shown in Fig. 1 and bear like reference-letters. The means for supplying such artificial heat (shown in Fig. 5) consists of a closed drum H, fixed around thepipe C in any suitable manner. Said drum communicates at its lower end with a pipe H, which leads from a register H located in the ceiling I of a room below the space immediately beneath the roof. The drum is provided near its upper end, in the side wall thereof, with a vent-opening h. The drum H may be in communication, through pipes H with registers H located in several oeilings of a building, whereby should the upper rooms of the building not be occupied the warmer air from the lower occupied rooms may be directed to the space around. the terminal for the purpose of heating the air.

Vfith this construction the heated air of the room or rooms below the space beneath the roof passes through the pipe H to the drum H and heats the area surrounding the pipe below the plate D.

In Fig. 6 the drum H is replaced by a coil or pipe j, surrounding the terminal pipe C. Said coil is provided with an induction-pipe J and an eduction-pipe J which latter discharges into the pipe C, as herein shown. A heating mediumsuch as steam, heated air, or wateris adapted to be circulated through the coil J, and thereby heat the air surrounding said pipe just beneath the roof. The artificial heating means will usually be provided in buildings where the attic space, located immediately beneath the roof, is somewhat open to the atmosphere, whereby the same may at times be below the freezing temperature. In case the building be made air-tight and is occupied the natural heat of the building will ordinarily be sufficient to produce the necessary heat to keep the .end of the vent-pipe suitably warm, and in such case the artificial heating means will not be required. In the use ofsaid artificial heating it will be noticed that said means is employed to heat the air surrounding the upper end of the terminal pipe and to thereby supplement in an artificial manner the natural heat of the building.

TOO

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The advantages arising from the use of the connection described may be understood from a consideration of the following: In the winter seasons and in cold climates the ends of exposed sewer and closet vent-pipes when projected a distance beyond the roof be come clogged by frost and ice, and thereby cut off ventilation therethrough. The lower ends of such ventrpipes are in communication with the street-sewers and ventilate not only the plumbing of the building in which they are located, but also the streetsewers. During cold weather when the outlet ends of the vent-pipes are closed by frost and ice it often occurs that the manholes of the street-sewers are also closed and sealed by freezing. In this condition it is obvious that gas generated in the sewer or finding its way thereinto must accumulate in the street-sewer and the vent-pipes communicating therewith of'the adjacent building under some pressure, and will therefore tend to escape through the closet, sink, and bath-tub connections into the buildings, and thereby render the same unhealthful and unfit for tenancy. Moreover, such accumulation of the gas in the closet ventpipes is exceedingly dangerous, as said gas is highly explosive, the explosion of a volume of gas-filling the building sewer system being sufficient to wreck the building and endanger the lives of the tenants. Furthermore, it often occurs that illuminatinggas from leaking gas-mains finds its way into the sewer and in case of stoppage of the communicating vent-pipes and manholes in the manner set forth greatly increases the danger occasioned by the pressure of gas in the building ventpipes.- The improved roof connection herein shown acts effectively to keep the outlet ends of the closet and sewer vent-pipes open and prevents the accumulation of sewer or other gas in the house-pipes. Not only are the house-pipes thoroughly ventilated, but the ventilation extends to the street-sewer, so that escape is always afforded for gas which collects in the street-sewer, thereby preventing blowing out of manholecovers and the attendant danger thereof.

It is obvious that structural changes may be made in the several constructions described without departing from the spirit of my invention, and Ido not wish to be limited thereto except as hereinafter made the subject of specific claims.

I claim 1. A roof connection for vent-pipes comprising, in combination with a. roof having an opening, a terminal or outlet section which extends through said opening, and terminating closely adjacent to the roof-line, and means for providing a joint between the end of said terminal and the roof comprising a roof-section located principally at the roof plane and through which the pipe discharges, said roof-section bridging the space between the open outer end of the pipe and the margin of the roof-opening and being made so thin as to facilitate the conduction of heat beneath the roof to the end of said terminal and prevent the formation of ice and frost in said terminal, said roof-section risingfrom the plane of the roof to the upper end ofthe pipe and meeting the same at an angle so as to afford a shed to prevent the passage of water from the roof to the pipe.

2. In a roof connection for vent-pipes, the combination with a roof provided with an outlet-opening for the vent-pipe, and a pipe extending through said opening, said opening being made larger than said pipe, of a sheet-metal plate forming part of the roof which extends across the opening and is pro- Vided with an opening, the margins of which are connected with the margin of the open outer end of the pipe, said plate being attached at its margin to the roof and rising from the plane of the roof to the edge of the open end of said pipe and meeting the latter at an angle, and the margin of the plate around the opening therein being turned downwardly and extending into the end of the pipe to form a tight joint.

3. n a roof connection for ventipes, the combination with a roof provide with an outward opening for the vent-pipe and a pipe extending through said opening, said opening being made larger than the pipe, a sheetmetal plate forming part of said roof and bridging the opening between the roof and the open end of the pipe and said platerising from the plane of the roof to the end of the pipe and being provided with an opening and the margins of the plate around said opening being turned downwardly to form a flan e which extends into and fits close within said open end of the pipe and a rigid calking-ring inserted within said downturned flange and acting to clamp the said flange against the inner surface of the pipe.

4. In a roof connection for vent-pipes, the combination with a roof provided with an outlet-opening for the vent-pipe, and a pipe extending through said opening, said opening being made larger than the pipe, of a thin sheet-metal plate forming part of said roof, said plate being flat at its outer margin and rising from the said outer margin to the open upper edge of the pipe, a rigid ring overlying the outer flat margin of said plate, a fastening device extending through said ring and plate to clamp said plate' to the roof.

5. A roof connection for vent-pipes comprising in combination with a roof having an opening and provided with a roof-section covering said opening, a terminal or outlet section which discharges through the roof section, the o ening in the roof being made considerably arger than the said terminal and the roof-section bridging the space between the pipe, and the margin of the opening in the roof, said pipe terminating so close to the roof-level and the roof-section being so thin as to facilitate the conduction of heat from beneath the roof to the outer end of said terminal, whereby when the air above the roof is cooler than that beneath the roof, said heat beneath the roof is conducted to the outer end of the terminal to prevent the formation of frost or ice therein, and means for supplementing the heat of the building to increase the temperature of the'space around the pipe beneath the roof consisting of a tube which surrounds the upper part of the pipe and communicates with a source supplying a heat-conducting medium.

6. The article described for connecting the GEORGE F. RYAN.

Witnesses:

F. W. BARKER, NAT. B. CHAnsEY.

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