US838021A

US838021A - Controlling means for electric motors.

Info

Publication number: US838021A
Application number: US29704205A
Authority: US
Inventors: Fletcher D Hallock
Original assignee: Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: CBS Corp
Priority date: 1905-06-02
Filing date: 1905-06-02
Publication date: 1906-12-11
Anticipated expiration: 1923-12-11

Description

N0. 838,021. PATENTED DEC. 11, 1906. F. D. HALLOOK.

CONTROLLING MEANS FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2.1905. RENEWED JAN. 20, 1806.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

gr QZ1L%%W A iTORNEY PATENTED DEC. 11, 1906. F. 1). HALLOGK. CONTROLLING MEANS FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 2.1905. RENEWED JAN. 20, 1906.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

INVENTOR BY I AiTORNEY WITNESSES:

%FH W @EIATES rarnnr oration FLETCHER D. HALLOCK, )F WTLKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANiA, ASSIGNUR TU W ESTHJGHOUSE ELECTRlC & MANUFAU URTNG COMPANY, A Clt- PURATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CQNTRQLLENG MEANS FQR ELEQTREG WEQTQRSD No. ssaoai.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 11. 19cc.

Application filed June 2, 1906. Renewed January 20. 1906. Serial No. 297,042.

legheny and. State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Controlling Means for Electric Motors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to controlling means I for dynamo-electric machinery, and particularly to means that are adapted to efiect relatively wide motor speed variations in either direction of rotation by a combined reversingldrum and a field-resistance regulator.

he object of my invention is to provide means'for adjusting the amount of resistance included in the field-circuit of a motor without changing the predetermined arc of rotation or the normal action of a single controlling-handle by which a movable contact-arm of the field resistance and the switchingdrum are simultaneously actuated.

Controllers heretofore employed for governing electric motors that were utilized for .driving machine-tools or for similar purposes rmauiring wide speed variations usually embo ied a reversing and switching drum to which a contact-arm was rigidly attached to engage a plurality of field-rheostat contacts as the drum was driven through a predetermined arc of rotation by an operating-handle or other equivalent means. With this arrangement it was necessary to reconnect the resistance or replace it ehtirely in order to effect any adjustment of the field resistance to suit special conditions'or to adapt the controller to any size of motor other than that for which it was designed.

In order to-make a more flexible arrangement which shall obviate the aforesaid objections and limitations, I have devised a controller having a field-rheostat the contact-arc of the stationary member'of which is greater than that of the drum rotation and one of the contact members of which is so adjustable upon its support that the maximum amount of resistance included in the field-circuit may be varied to suit any given case.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, with the case partially removed, of a controller constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail view of one of the controller parts. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the controller, and Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of an electric-motor-control system embodying my in vention.

Referring first particularly to Fig. 4, an electric motor 1 is supplied with energy from a line 2 3 through a controller 4 and is provided with a shunt field-magnet winding 5, that may be regulated by a variable resistance 6. The fingers of the controller 4 ena, b, c, d, e,f, g, h, i, 3', is, Z, and m when the drum is rotated in one direction and in a plura'lity of similar positions 7", s, t, u, 'u, w, and a: when the drum is rotated in the opposite direction. The variable resistance 6 is provided with a plurality of taps that lead to stationary"contact-terminals 7 to 39, inclusive, which areisuccessively en aged by an adjustable contact-arm 41, wit which the controller-drum is provided, When the controller-fingers engage the drum in the off position 2, the contact-arm 41 enga es the old-resistance contact 20, and as the rum is moved so that the fingers occupy position a, which is the starting'position for forward rotationwf the 'motor 1 the arm 41 en ages successively the

contacts

21, 22, an 23. When the fingers occupy position a, energy is supplied. from the positive line-terminal 3 through a conductor 42, contactdinger 43, contact-ring segments 44 and45, finger 46, conductor 47 to one armature-terminal 48 of the motor 1. From the other armatureterminal 49 of the motor 1 the circuit is completed through a conductor 50, contact-finger 51 contact-ring segments 52 and 53, finger 54, resistance 55, finger 56, and conductor 57 to the negative line-terminal 2. The ring-segment is also connected to the contact-arm 41, which is in engagement with the field-resistance contact-terminal 23, so that the cirportion of the resistance 6, the con uctor 58, and the field-magnet winding 5to the negative line-terminal 2. Thus when the controller is in this position the resistance is connected in series with the armature-circuit, and the small portion of the resistancefi is connected in series with the field magnet winding 5, so that the motor 1 may be started mature-currents.

gage the drum 4 in a plurality of positions.

cuit is completed by this path throu" h a small with a strong field and without excessive ar- 1o 5 As the controller-drum 1s 7 inclusive, the motor connections remain the same, and the contact-arm 4 1 successively engages contacts 28 to 37, inclusive, thereby l to engage'the fingers in positions .9 and t, the.

gradually introducing the resistance 6 into the field-circuit of the motor, which weakens the field and increases the speed of the motor.

When the controller-fingers occupy the last position m, if the speed of the .motor is still row the arm 41 may be so adjusted as to cut in a greater amount of the resistance 6 as the drum'moves to engage the fingers from ositron z to position m,,or if'the speed is too high the arm 41 ,may be, adjusted in the opposite d rection, so as .to cut a less amount of resistance... For example, the arm may be so adi'usted as to engage the contact-termina s 22' to 39 oi it ma be so adjusted as to engage the termin 18 to-35. When the controller-fingers occupy the position r, which corresponds to the position a, the resistance .55 is included in the armature-circuit as before; but the direction of current through the armature is reversed, energy be ing supplied from the finger 43, through ring- 'segments 60 and61, toarmature-terminal 49 and from armatureterminal 48, through conductor 47, finger 62, contact-

ring segments

63, 64, and 65., finger 54, resistance 55, finger 5.6, andconductor 57, to the negative line-termine 2. When the controller-drummoves resistance 55' is first short-circuited and then out out,and as the positions 8, t, u, v, w, and a: are occupied the contact-arm 41 engages contacts 16 to 7', which are connected to the contacts 24 to 32-, and consequently introduces portions of the resistance 6, as before. The

contacts

16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22', 23, and 24, which are engaged bythe contactarm 41, while the controller-drum moves to en gage the fingers from the off position to the position a or the position 7', are connected together, so that the "resistance 6 is gradually introduced into the field-circuit regardless of the adjustment of the arm 41 As shown in'Figs. 1, 2', and S, the controllerdrum 4 is actuated by an o crating-handle 66 in the usual manner, an adjustably attached to its lower end, by means of a ring shaped body portion 67, which movably engages a corrcs )onding cylindrical portion 68 on the controlier-drum, the radial contactarm 41,the ring portion 67 of the contact member being clamped to the portion 68 by means of set-screws 69. The contact-terminals 7 to 39 are mounted upon an insulating-plate 70, which is rigidly fixed in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drum and are annularly disposed thereon, so that they may be enga ed by the contactarm 41 as the control er-drum is rotated.

Each contact-terminal is'provided with setcontrollers however varied as to size, form,

and arrangement of parts, in which either of two cooperating contact members is adjust able upon its support along the path of movement of the movable member in such manner and to such degree that the hereinbeforespecified result may be secured.

I claim as my invention- 1. in a controller for dynamo-eiectric-machinery, the combination with a rotatable, contact-carrying drum and a stationary contact-carrying plate substantial perpendicular thereto, of a circumferentially-adjustable, radially-dis osed contact-armv that is mounted upon said drum to engage the contacts on said plate.

2. In a controller for an electric motor, the combination with a rotatable, contact-carrying drum that is limited to a predetermined are of rotation and is provided with a circumierentially-adjustable contact-arm, of a l-urality of fixed contact-terminals that may he engaged by saidcontact-arm.

3. The combination with a plurality of fixed contact-terminals, ot' a contact-arm that is rotatably mounted and limited to a predetermined arc of rotation andis radial ICC fixed; contact-terminals that are in a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of said drum, of a radially-disposed coutact-arm mounted on said drum which angages said iixed contact-terminals and is 011'- cumferentially adjustable u on the drum.

5. The combination witn a plurality at fixed contactterminals arranged substantially in an arc of a circle, of a rotatablyeeaear mounted contact-arm which may engage said contact-ternnnals through a predetermined arc of rotation and 1s circumferentially adjustable in respect to said contacts.

adjustably mounted on said rotatable mem* her. I

7. in a controller for dynamo-electric machinery, the combination with a rotatable, contact-carrying drum that is limited to a predetermined arc of rotationyand a fieldrheostat adjacent to one end thereof, of a contact-arm that is carriedby said drum to engage a plurality of contact-terminals on said rheostat and is circumferentially adjustable in respect to said drum.

8. The combination with a rotatable switch-drum and a plurality of fixed, engaging contact-fingers therefor, of an adjustable and radially-mounted contact-arm, and a plurality of contact-terminals located substantially in the arc of a circle and in the plane of rotation of the contact-arm.

9. The combination with an electric motor and a switching and controlling drum therefor, of a field-resistance'regulating device that comprises an adjustably and radially mounted contactrarm and a plurality of con tact-terminals located substantially in the arc of a circle in the plane of rotation of the contact-arm.

10. In a controller, the combination with a ro tatably mounted contact carrying member that is limited to a predetermined arc of rotation, a resistance, and a plurality of fixed contact-terminals for said resistance mounted in the arc of a circle one plane substantially perpendicular to the laxis oi the rotatable member, of a radial contact-arm which is adjustably mounted on the said contactcarrying member and engages said fixed contact-terminals.

11. in a control system, the combination with an electric motor, a switching and reversing controller therefor and a field resistance that is provided with a plurality of steps for use therewith, of means for regulat ing the amount of resistance included in the field-circuit at any. predetermined point in the controller operation.

12. in a control system, the combination with an electric motor, a switching and reversing controller and a field resistance for use therewith, of a contact-arm that is adjustably mounted on the controller-drum and is actuated therewith to increase the resistance in the field-circuit as the controller successively occupies a plurality oi predeten mined positions.

ill. in a controller for electric motors, the combination with a set of contact-fingers and at cooperating movable member, of a subdivided resistance having a set of contactterminals and a contact-arm that is mounted upon said movable member and is adjustable thereon.

14. in a controller, the combination with a set of contact-fingers and a cooperating movable member, of a rheostat comprising a resistance-body, a set of contactterminals connected to different points, therein, and a contact-arm that is adjustably mounted on said movable member. I v

15. in a controller for dynamo-electric machinery, the combination with a movable, contact-carrying member and aset of cooperating fingers, of a plurality of stationary contact-terminals and a contact-arm that is adjustably mounted on said movable mem her to engage the fixed contact-terminals.

16. In a controller for electric motors, the combination with a rotatable contact-carrying drum that is limited to a predetermined arc of rotation and is provided with a contact-arm, or a normally stationary contact member comprising a-plurality of contactterminals in position to be engaged by said contact-arm and means for adjusting one or said contact members upon its support relatively to the other.

17. The combination with a rotatable contact-carrying drum that is limited to a predetermined arc of rotation, "and a contact member comprising a plurality of contactterminals that are in a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of said drum, of a radially-disposed contact-arm mounted on said drum to engage said con-' tact-terminals, and means for rotatively adjusting one of said members upon its support with reference to the other.

18. in a controller for dynamo-electric machines, the combination. with a rotatable contact-carrying drum that is limited to a predetermined arc of rotation, a rheostat and a normally stationary contact member comprising a set off contactterminals disposed adjacent to one end of said drum, of a contact member that is carried by said drum to engage said contact-terminals, and means for adjusting one of said contact members upon its support with reference to the other.

19. The combination with a rotatable switch-drum and a plurality of stationary contact-fingers to engage therewith, of a contact-arm supported by said drum, a normally stationary contact member comprising a plurality. of contact-terminals that are disposed substantially in the arc of a circle and in the plane of rotation of the contact-arm,

and means for adjusting one at said contest at circle in the plane of rotation of the conmemibers upon its support in the cents/ctpath.

20 The combination with sit electric m0- toz and a switching and controlling drum therefor, of e field-resistsnceereguieting de vice that comprises reclisllymmumted CUR tact-arm and s normally stationery eentsct member comprising a plurality of contactterminsls disposed substantially in the are 0f test-arm, and means for rotetively adjusting one of the contact members upon its support with reference to the other.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 31st day of May, 1905.

FLETCHER D. HELLLOCK. Witnesses J. W. HARRIS, BIRNEY Hume.