US835020A - Railroad-rail. - Google Patents

Description

UNITED sTATEs- PATENT FFICE.- 7

WILLIAM GOLDIE, 0F WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

i l l BAlLno-AD-nAiL.

specification of wm rimas. i t Anuman ma April 24, nos. sum n. 297.195.

ratsam uw'. 6,1601.

To all whom it may concern: A

Be it knownthat I,W1LL`1AM Gomma, a

' resident of Wilkinsburg, in the count of Alle,

gheny and State of Pennsylvania, ave invented a new and useful Im rovementinw Railroad-Rails; and I Vdo here y declare the following to'be a full, clear, and exact descri tion thereof. y Y,

y invention relates' to-railroad-rails, its

' object being 'to provide a rail of a high de ee of stiffness to sustain vthe loads to W lch tracksare now subjected through the increased weight Vof locomotives,'cars, and the loads carrie therein and the increased s' eedl of trains. It has for its object to provlde a rail in which the rail-head can .be so rolledas to be yincreased in toughness and wearin f qualities,I though not 'necessarily increase in Weight of head, While on account of the rail-section it may be formed of a harder' positions, and the rail, if desired, being made reversible to provide double wearing-surface, and in this Wal l increase of life. l l

As the Weig tand speed of trains have in-I creased in late years, railroads have endeavored to provide'rails stiff and strong enough to sustam the same by the emplo ent of heavier rails -fhavin Wider baseanges to rest upon the ties; ut practical difficulties have been met with on account ofthe greater bulk of metal in the practically s uare railheads and the develo ment of l t ese Widev ianges ory bases. of rail the reduction of the metal in the head4 is not so great as, to give the proper compactinglv of the metal, and as the rail-head is of nearly as great depth as width the great bulk of metal in the thick rail-head has a tendency in cooling toanneal such head and leavelt soft and l1n v,condition for rapid wear. The

" widerail-base, rolled thin tok obtain the desired width, cools 'more rapidly than the. bulky rail-head, and thel Whole ody of the` ,frail curves or is thrown on a 'camber incoolwhich develops internal strains, 4and vention it is believed In* t e rolling of this class such rails have to-be straightened under powerul presses, which increases the' internal such cracks being the main source of broken rails and the many ,accidents caused thereby.

.Where this rail isof steel of the ordinary carstrains. 0n account of the internal strains bon, on account of the annealing of the head g it is found that the rails wearve the1r life being much shorter than t e rails of smaller sectlon, which are, however, too light rapidly,

to carry the heavy loads of the present day. x

of the heavy rail, to. giveV eater hardness, the carbon, manganese angl-other elements have been increased in the steel from which the' rails are rolled; but it has been found that this increases the liability'toI rail breaka e `In the endeavor to'overcome this rapid wear and accident, .because in such harder rails t e cracks develops-d, as above stated, `extend more quickly t ou h the rail-body under the jars and blows of t e passing tram. One-of the most difficult problemspresented to the railroads at 'the present day is to provide a stiff rail sufficient to carry the load and yet of high wearin quality and free from internal strain or lia illty to cracking and one which can be easily laldand repaired. By my inthat these requlrements are met.

It consists, generally stated a railroadrail having a web portion and a Wide and thin bilaterally symmetrical head, the width of the head be' approximately three times its depth or thic ess, such construction of head providing the necessary body of metal toca the load and on account of the de- .crease thickness of the head providing for eater compressing or working of the metal ig; rolling', so giving a iiner texture of metal and greater wearing qualities in the head and also providing for more rapid cooling of the head, which action further increases the wearing qualities, while the rail carries the load in such way as to give algreater angleof lateral resistance on curves and in like positions. l

It also consists in forming this rail with a lbase 'containing substantiallythe' same bulk of metal as and a proximately the sha e of the head (the rai eing preferabl mage as a double-headed rail with bot IOO heads of the same bulk and sha l)--th at is,

ge portions to` prevent the deve opment ing of the rai without 'the formationoff great internal strains, overcomin entirely or to a great extent curvin in coo ing and .thee diiiiculties arising there om. I:It-.also consists yin v.certain other i improve-v ments, as hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, 'Fi ure 1 is a vertical cross-section of a rail em odying fthe invention, together with'the 'supportinglchair or base-bar preferably used therewit 'Fig 2 `is a like view, on a smaller scale, show- =ing another form of such rail; and Fig.3 is a sectiondllustrating another form. offrail embodying :the invention.

' The rail embodying-the invention, as illus- `trated inFig. 1 Aof the drawings, is of the dou- `ble+headed type, having the web portion 2 land twoV heads 3 4 of identical shape, one headbeing utilized as the baseband restingin lthe 1rail-supporting base-bar or chair 5. 'These rail-heads are bilaterally symmetlrical-that is, of the same form on each sideof 'the vertical central line-to adapt them for use inthe ordinary steam-railroad-track.

As shown in the drawings, 'the rail-head is 'made wide and thin, :the width of said rail- .'head being approximately lthree times its depth or thickness. rThis is illustrated by zd'ottedlines 6 7. 'In `such construction of rail-head from-the central vertical line ofthe rail-head its top face has a slight downward vincline 8 towardthe outer edge or face 9 'of :the head, and under said outer edge or side vface 'the body offthe rail-head .is carriedback on a'slight incl-ine, as at '10, towardthe web, being connected therewith bylthe fillet 11. 'In the rolling of rails ofthis section it is evident that in developing the wide thin head Jp'ortionthemetal is much more compressed or worked in rolling than in developing a lrail-head -ofpractically fsfiare section, and

:such,.increased workin ro ing increasesthe wearing qualities of the rail-head. Further, because I'of the'decreased :thickness -of the rail-head it will cool much more -rapidl .thanthe ordinary rail-head of the same bulli and of practically square section, andthe liability ofi-annealing during cooling found `in suchsquare-headed rail-is therefore lar ely 'done away with, `While the surface meta on account 'of the morerapid cooling is harder andof greater wearing quality. *Where a railehead of such structure is em loyed with the fordinary wide'thin-edged rai base 12, as in Fig. 3, itis evident that because this railhead approaches in .section more closely to 'itsrail-base and Abecause-'ofthe thinnin of such rail-head :and the. morezrapid 'coo ing thereof' the-rail will befree to some extent *from the 4internal strains. present on account lof the difference zin section between-therailvhead and its baseand the relative difference dn cdolingthere'of. I"I prefer, however, as

above -stated,to em loy a double-headed -rail, as illustrated in ig. 1, and in that case, fasibothhead and `base-or bothfheads are of the same section and both of these sections provide for rapid cooling, it is evident that the rail will be practically free from internal strainandthat liability to cunvaor oamber in cooling will be largely, if not entirely, over come, while the thick edge portions of the heads will not be liable to develo cracking in use, and liability to rail breakage from such-causes'will therefore-be reduced yto a minimum. l "Whereaf-iia'rf-faced rail-base isto be employed, I prefer to employitlie section of Fig.' 2. v'Ihis'section caribe made withlthe rail-base' 13, containing -practicallythe saine amount or bulkof metal as the head portion 14, and the edge portions 15 can bemade-so thickthatithere is little liabilityv of cracki-ng, first, because of thethickness ofthe metal at the edges, while the rail head and base approach each otherso n early-in section 'that `vthey-will cool with little'or no :cainber or strain; Suchrail-section forms the subject vof -another application of even date herewith, Serial No. 257,136.

YIn-securing 'the-rails to the ties anyfsuiltable form of rail-sup ortingchair, plate, or Abase-bar may-be use I have illustratedin Figs. 1 and 2 a section ofa continuous r il- -Supporting base-bar' 5, which is `the subject of another application yof evendate herewith, SeriallNo. 257,138. In -suchV-base-bar the seat l-corresponds to the outerportion and sides ofthe head 4of the' doublerail or the base and sides :of the other-forms ofrail and provides means for fastening therail to the ar,suchmeans being illustratedin the form of clips 17, extending over the top of the-railbase and held bybolts 18. `Such 'sections may be employed as rail-:chairs if it is not desired to employ the continuous-running rail-su porting bar.

Infhiig. 3 I have illustrated'the-rail ass-upportedupon the form offcontinuou's base-bar 1Q-set forth -in Letters Patent-No. 758,523,

f-grantedto me Aprilf26, i904, -therailbeing secured' thereto byy spiking.

' The rail above illustrated-has many'ad-vantages 'over the ordinary rail-section now'in .practically universal use in America. vIn addition to the fact ofthe-increased working and the more rapid cooling of `the rail-head it becomes practicable to-em'ploy ina rail of this section an -increasedwpercentage ofcar bon and other hardening i elements, thus increasing the hardness -and- -wearing ualities of the rail and-largely increasing its 1i e'while largely overcoming-liability to -rail breakage, as above stated. The rails illustratedin Figs. L and 2 are also -of-such sectionthat even if rail breakage? should occur, if seated `in and'held by the rail-supporting base-bar 5,

lthe-rail would be scheld to place thatlability of `injury-fromsuchfbroken rail would be rethan the ordinary rail-section the load is carried closer to the inner ed e of the rail-base, being carried about centra y of the rail-head, so that the Wei ht of the train has a greater tendency to hold down the inner portion of the rail-base, and so hold, the rail in osition on the tie, or the rail-supporting c airs or base-bar, and less tendency to force the railheadoutwardly under the lateral strain in assing around curves or in like positions. or this reason it is ossible to employ the rail-section'illustrate in Fig 2 with an ordinary tie or tie-plate, While with the rail-sectionillustrated in y1, Where the doubleheaded rail is pro erly 'supported in chairs or base-bars, a muc greater angle of resistance to spreadingof the rail is provided th'rough the combined rail and chair.

What I claim is-'- 1 1. A railroad-rail having a eb portion and a wide and thin bilaterally-symmetrical head having a continuously-curved convex upper wearing-face.`

2. .A railroad-rail having va web portion and a Wide and thin bilaterally-syrnmetrical head, the Width of the head being approximately three times its depth or thickness'.

3. A railroad-rail having a Web portion and a.wide,and thin bilaterally-symmetrical head, and a base contai substantiall A the same bulk of metal as the ead, the widt of the head being approximately three times its depth or thickness.

4. A double-headed railroad-rail having a web ortion the heads being wide and thin and liilatera y-symmetrical and having coninuously-curved convex upper wearing-l aces.

5. A double-headed railroad-raillhavin la web ortion, the heads-be' wide and and ilaterallyl symmetric the Width of each head beinlpproximately three times its depth or thic ess.

6.` A railroad-rail having a web portion and a wide and thin bilaterally-symmetrical head having a 'continuously-curved' convex u per Wearing-face, -and a base ha thick e ge ortions corresponding'substantially to the e ge portionsof the rail-head;

7. A railroad-rail having and a wide and thin bilaterally-symmetrical head, and a base ha thick edge ortions corresponding substantially to the ge portions of the rail-head, in combination with a rail-sup ort having a seat corresponding in shape to til) portion and ada ted to receive the same.

8.. A railroa -rail having a web portion head, and a base ha thick edge ortions corresponding substantially to thee ge portions of the rail-head, in lcombination with a rail-support having a seat corresponding in ase shape tol the outer face and sides of the ortion and adapted to receive the same, and astening devices extending over the'lupper face of such base portion.

In testimon whereof 1, the said WILLIAM GoLDpIE', have ereunto set my hand.

` GOLDIE.

Witnesses:

JAMES I; KAY, ROBERT vC. To'rrEN.

a web portion e outer 'face and sidesof` the base y 7o and a wide and thin bilaterally-symmetrical

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