US830692A

US830692A - Mold for casting chilled rolls.

Info

Publication number: US830692A
Application number: US30768906A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ralph H West
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1906-03-23
Filing date: 1906-03-23
Publication date: 1906-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 1923-09-11

Description

No. 830,692. I PATENTED SEPT. 11, 1906.

' R. H. WEST.

MOLD FOR CASTING OHILLED ROLLS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.23,1906.

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11 830,692. PATENT-ED SEPT! 11, 1906.- R. H. WEST. MOLD FOR CASTING QHILLBD ROLLS.

APPLIOATION IILE'Q.MAB.23.1906.

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HVVE/VTUR ATTORNEYS N 830,692. PATENTBD SEPT. 11. 1906.

R. H. WEST.

MOLD FOR CASTING UHILLED ROLLS.

APPLICATION FILED HAILZS, 1906.

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NITED srApEs PATENT OFFIGE.

MOLD FOR CASTING OHILLED ROLLSi Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 11, 1906;

Application filed March 23, 1906. Serial No. 307,689-

To an whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RALPH H. WEsT, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Vandergrift, in the county of Westmoreland and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Molds for Casting Chilled Rolls; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in molds for casting chilled rolls.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a roll-casting mold for the successful manufacture of chilled rolls in obtaining castings in daily practice which are acceptable and suitable for the production of a rollforming casting in which the chilled peripheral crust or shell of the roll-body is uniform in thickness circumferentially of the casting, free from checks or cracks, as well as free from gas-holes and other imperfections, and found to be perfectly round when put in a lathe to be turned.

With this object in view and to the end of realizing other advantages hereinafter appearing this invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a roll-casting mold embodying my invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections taken through the upper mold part or cope on lines 2 2 and 3 3, respectively, Fig. 1. Only the upper part or cope is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 and Fig. 2 is drawn on a considerably larger scale than Figs. 1 and 3. Figs. 4 and 5 are horizontal sections taken through the lower mold part or drag on lines 4 4 and 5 5, respectively, Fig. 1, but in Fig. 4 the loam or sand of the drag is omitted. Fig. 6 is a sectional view illustrating a portion of the central mold part or chill. Fig. 7 is a central vertical section of the cast ing-depressing pressure-exerting ring m and illustrates the said ring on a larger scale than shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 8 is a vertical section in detail on either line 8 8, Fig. 4, and drawn on a larger scale than Figs. 1, 4, and 5.

My improved roll-casting mold comprises a lower mold part or drag A, a central mold part or chill B, and an upper mold part or cope C.

The drag is cylindrical and provided with a cavity 10, arranged centrally of the drag and extending from the upper extremity of the drag downwardly a suitable distance.

The chill B is cylindrical and provided interiorly with a cylindrical chamber 12, which extends vertically through the chill.

The cope C is cylindrical and provided centrally with a chamber 13, extending vertically through the cope.

The body of the roll to be cast is formed in the chill B, whereas the trunnions or necks of the roll are cast in the drag and cope. The drag-cavity 10 and the cope-chamber 13 are arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but ,in communication with opposite ends respectively of the chill-chamber 12 and have the general outline required to form the trunnion's or necks of the roll to be cast.

The surrounding wall or walls 15 of the cavity 10 and the bottom of the said cavity are built up of loam or molding-sand within a metal casing D, which. surrounds the body of loam or sand forming the said bottom and walls. The cavity 10 is provided at one side and a suitable distance below the upper end of the cavity (see Fig. 1) with. an inlet 16 for molten metal, and the mold is poured through the said inlet.

The chill B is mounted upon the upper end of the casing D, and the surrounding wall of the chill-chamber 12 is corrugated annularly or circumferentially from end to end or approximately from end toend of the chill, (see Figs. 1 and 6,) and the annular grooves b and annular beads 17, which are formed internally of the chill, alternate and avoid the formation interiorly of the chill of a substantially smooth and continuous or unbroken surface extending any material distance longitudinally of the chill. The surrounding wall of the cope-chamber 13 is formed by a body of loam or molding-sand which is built up within and surrounded by a metal casing E, mounted upon the chill B.

The chill-grooves 1) form vertically-spaced diametrical or lateral enlargements of the chill-chamber 12. The top and bottom walls of each groove 1) slope downwardly and inwardly; but the slope of the bottom wall of the lower of two adjacent grooves b, which slope is regarded as more especially important, is preferably less than the slopeof the bottom wall of the upper of the said grooves, as indicated more clearly by the illustrative dotted lines (1 in Fig. 6. It will be observed,

therefore, that my improved rollcasting mold comprises a vertically-arranged chill, which is provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the surrounding wall of the chamber provided with a row of annular or circumferentially-extending grooves or lateral chamber enlargements, with the said row extending from end to end of the chill, with the grooves or chamber enlargements of the said row spaced vertically at comparatively short intervals. It will be observed also that each bead which is formed between two adjacent grooves or chamber enlargements b is undercut at the bottom to form the downwardly and inwardly sloping top wall of the lower of the said grooves or chamber enlargements, that the top or upper surface of the said bead is beveled to form the downwardly and inwardly sloping bottom wall of the upper of said grooves or chamber enlargements, and that the slope of the bottom wall of the upper of the said adjacent grooves or chamber enlargements is greater than the slope of the bottom wall of the lower of the said grooves or chamber enlargements, so that the slopes of the bottom walls of the enlargements b of the chill-chamber 12 gradually increase toward the upper end of the chill.

The top walls of the grooves b are not only preferably undercut, as shown, but the bead 17, formed between two adjacent grooves b, is rounded, as at 18, (see Fig. 6,) at the junction of the face of the said bead with the top wall of the lower of the said grooves. I would here remark, however, that the depth of the grooves 71 is exaggeratively illustrated.

In casting a roll by my improved mold the peripheral crust or shell of the casting formed in the chill is during its contraction maintained in a strictly central position relative to the chill and supported circumferentially of and upon the downwardly-sloping bottom walls of the grooves or chamber enlargements b. The casting is consequently supported until near its final contraction at as many intervals vertically as there are grooves or chamber enlargements b, so that the said shell or crust is not liable to be checked or cracked or out of round or rendered defective by the pressure of molten metal within and centrally of the casting being formed.

It is obvious that the grooves I) should have such depth that when the casting formed in the chill has cooled sufficiently the external annular ribs or beads formed on the casting in the said grooves shall be free from the said grooves, so as to permit the hoisting of the chill from the casting.

A feature of considerable importance is the downward slope of the bottom walls of the grooves 11 and the increase in the slope of the bottom walls of the grooves toward thickness and free from latent as well as visible defects or imperfections.

To accommodate the detection and measuring of the contraction of the cooling peripheral crust or shell of the casting, the surrounding Wall of the chill-chamber 12 is provided insuitable proximity to the upper and lower ends of the chill (see Fig. 1) with holes 20, which are spaced circumferentially of the chill and connect with one of the grooves or chamber enlargements b, which holes extend from between the sloping walls of the connected groove or chamber enlargement b to the exteriorsurface of the chill and are gradually reduced at their inner ends toward the connected chamber enlargements. The

outer end. portion of each hole 20 is screw-' threaded, and a correspondingly externally threaded plug G is screwed into the said hole, which plug has an inner tapering end fitting the inwardly-tapering .end of the hole, It will be observed, therefore, that the chill of my improved mold is provided with suitably-spaced holes 20, with each hole connecting with one of the grooves or chamber enlargements b of the chill and normally closed by a plug G, which is removable to accommodate the application through the said hole of a graduated instrumentor gage for measuring the vertical as well as the horizontal contrac tion of the casting being formed in the chill during the operation of the mold. In other words, the surrounding wall of the chamber 12 is provided with vertically-spaced beads 17 extending circumferentially of the chamber, and the chill is provided with suitablyspaced and suitably-closed gage-receiving holes, with each hole extending from the expear, and is suitably arranged in under the outer portion of the chill-chamber 12, extending circumferentially of the lower end of the said chamber. The ring K is preferably provided on top with upwardly-tapering lugs 76, projecting upwardly into close proximity to the chamber 12. The .ring K is provided in its under side with an annular recess 22, which consequently extends circumferentially of the ring, and the surrounding wall or walls 15 of the cavity 10 are provided in under the recess 22 with a cavity 23, which is arranged in registry with and extends along the recess 22. The cavity 23 is occu pied by fine loose sand or other readily-displaceable loose material 24. The ring K is arranged above the inlet 16 and between the cavity 23 and the lower end of the chillchamber 12, and a plate or partition Z is embedded in the wall of loam or sand between the inlet 16 and the cavity 23. The ring K is provided externally with several laterally and outwardly projecting lugs 25, which are spaced circumferentially of the ring, with the upper surface 26 of each lug 25 sloping downwardly and outwardly and with the lower surface 27 of the said lug sloping upwardly and outwardly. In other words, the upper and lower surfaces .26 and 27 of each lug 25 (see Fig. 1) converge toward the outer or free end of the lug. It will be observed, therefore, that the ring K is provided at suitable intervals circumferentially of the ring with upper and lower surfaces which converge outwardly.

Means for exerting pressure downwardly upon the lugs 25, and consequently downwardly upon the ring K, are provided (see Figs. 1, 4, and 8) and comprise screws f, which extend into engagement with the upper sloping surfaces 26 of the lugs through corresp ondingly-screw-threaded holes 28, formed in the drag-casing D.

Means for elevating the ring K are provided (see Figs. 1, 5, and 8) and preferably comprise screws h, extending into engagement with the lower sloping surfaces 27 of the lugs 25 through correspondingly threaded holes 30, formed in the drag-casing D. It will be observed that the screws f and h constitute endwise shiftable members which are adapted to cooperate freely with the sloping

surfaces

26 and 27 of the ring K in vertically adjusting the ring. By turning the screws f and h in the direction required to shift the upper screws f inwardly and the lower screws 7L outwardly the ring K is lowered. By turning the said screws in the direction required to actuate the lower screws h inwardly and the upper screws f outwardly the ring K is raised.

Means for exerting any necessary pressure downwardly upon the upper end of the con tracting crust or shell of the casting formed in the chill is provided and comprises, prefer ably, a vertically-arranged pressure-exerting ring m, which (see Figs. 1 and 3) is arranged exteri'ially of and surrounds the lower end of the cope-chamber 13. The ring m is embedded in the lower end of the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber 13 and is deupon the upper end of the ring. The ring m is provided externally with laterally-projecting and outwardly-tapering lugs 32, which are embedded in the loam or sand of the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber 13 and are instrumental in preventing the descent of the said ring by gravity, but do not prevent the lowering of the ring by pressure exerted downwardly upon the upper end ofthe ring. The ring m is beveled at its lower end, as at 33, (see Fig. 7,) being preferably provided with a laterally and outwardly facing beveled edge at the said end, with the said edge provided with circumferentially-spaced downwardly-projecting lugs 34. The ring m is turned off internally in a lathe to render the inner surface of the ring smooth-and to cause the internal diameter of the ring to gradually decrease toward the lower end of the ring, so as to render the ring upon being pressed downwardly capable of readily freeing itself from the loam or sand. The ring m is beveled at its lower end to avoid any material participation of the said ring in the cooling or chilling of the casting formed in the chill. The ring m has the dimensions and arrangement required to render it capable of being lowered into the chill-chamber 12.

The surrounding wall or walls of the copechamber 13 are provided externally of the said chamber with pockets 35, which are spaced circumferentially of the chamber and arranged far enough above the chill to accommodate the interposition of the ring m between the chill and the lower ends of the said pockets. The pockets 35 extend upwardly to the upper extremity of the sur-' rounding wall or walls of the chamber 13.

Vertically-arranged gaggers n are preferably embedded in the loam or sand of the surrounding wall or walls of the cope-chamber 13 internally of the pressure-exerting ring m and extend from the lowerend or ends of the said wall or walls upwardly a suitable distance, being suitably spaced circumferentially of the said chamber. The surrounding wall or walls of the chamber 13 above the level L, (indicated by dotted line in Fig. 1,) to which the molten metal in pouring the mold is permitted to rise into the cope are provided with lateral holes 36, which are spaced circumferentially of the said chamber and connect the pockets 35 with the said chamber. Four pockets 35 are formed. in the cope of the mold illustrated, and consequently the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber 13 is provided with four holes 36, establishing communication. between the said chamber and the said pockets. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) Two of the holes 36 are-arranged somewhat higher than the remaining two holes 36, so that in pouring molten metal into the chamber 13 in the feeding-headforming cope from above the upper end of the said chamber for the purpose of raising the level of molten metal in the cope or feed &

ing-head, molten metal will flow from the said chamber first through the lower holes into the connected pockets. The two upper holes 35, as well as the two lower holes 35, are preferably arranged diametrically opposite each other.

Within each pocket 35 is a vertically-arranged calorically-expansible upwardly-tar pering metal rod Q, which rests upon the pressure-exerting ring m and preferably has a lower tapering end projecting somewhat into the upper end of the said ring. An abutment-forming plate, block, or weight R is arranged above the cope and extends over the upper ends of the rods Q and prevents or limits upwardly endwise expansion of the said rods, but wedges to (see Fig. 1) are preferably interposed between the upper ends of the rods Q and the abutment R.

The cope-casing E (see Fig. 1) is provided at its upper end and externally with a laterally and outwardly projecting annular flange e, and the weight or abutment R extends over and circumferentially of the said flange. The weight or abutment R is provided above the flange e and in its upper side with pockets or recesses 40, which are spaced circumferentially of the cope, and the bottoms of the said recesses are provided with verticallyarranged bolt-holes 42, which register with correspondingly arranged bolt holes 43, formed in the flange e. Bolts s extend loosely through the

boltholes

42 and 43 and through and a suitable distance above the recesses 40. The bolts 8 are arranged with their heads at the under side of the flange e, and nuts t are mounted on the bolts above the Weight or abutment R. Washers u are arranged on the bolts 8 at the inner ends of the nuts t, and spiral springs 90 are confined on the bolts within the recesses 40 between the Washers u and the bottoms of the said recesses.

It will be observed that the bolts 8 and nuts t are instrumental in attaching the weight or abutment R to the cope-casing E and the springs x cushion the abutment R against any undue pressure exerted upwardly against the under side of the abutment. The abutment R is adjusted vertically by the proper manipulation of screws g, which are arranged over the cope-casing E and spaced circumferentially of the cope and extend through correspondingly-threaded holes 45, formed in the abutment R into engagement with the upper end of the said casing.

It is obvious that the heating of the rods Q by molten metal poured into the pockets containing the said rods will result in the expansion of the rods, and upward expansion of the said rods being prevented or limited by the abutment R the rods will necessarily expand downwardly, and thereby exert pressure downwardly upon the ring mto effect a lowering of the said ring and the exertion of pressure by the said ring downwardly upon the cooling peripheral crust or shell of the casting formed in the chill.

The weight or abutment R (see Fig. 1) is provided centrally with a circular opening 1" to accommodate the pouring of molten metal centrally of the said abutment into the upper end of the cope-chamber 13.

Cutters or cut-offs 46, formed by metal plates coated with blacking, are provided for closing the holes 36, and thereby cutting the connections at the said holes between the molten metal in the cope-chamber 13 and the metal run into the pockets 35. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The cut-offs 46 are normally open and preferably arranged vertically within the surrounding wall or walls of the cope-chamber 13 above the said holes. 1

The opening 1" inthe Weight or abutment R is larger diametrically than the cope-chamber 13, so as to accommodate the projection of the cut-offs 46 upwardly into the said opening through which the said cut-offs are accessible.

To prevent the loam or sand forming the surrounding wall or walls of the cope-chamber from being broken around the cut-offs 46 from any cause, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) sheath? forming metal tubes 50 surround the cut-offs and are embedded within the said wall or walls, said tubes extending from the upper end of the cope into suitable proximity to the holes 36, as shown in Fig. 1.

To prevent the molten metal which is run into the pockets 35 at the holes 36, during the heating of the rods Q in the said pockets, from pouring against the rods opposite the said holes, shields 47 (see Figs. 1 and 2) are attached to and extend circumferentially of the rods, which shields are arranged between the rods and the said holes directly opposite the holes. Within each pocket 35 is arranged a metal plate or partition 52 at the outer side of the rod Q in the said pocket, which partition is arranged radially of the outer portion of the pocket and extends from end to end of the pocket.

By the construction hereinbefore described it will be observed that means are provided for exerting pressure downwardly upon the contracting crust or shell of the casting formed in the chill, that the said shell or crust is held in contact with the downwardly ments, and that the said crust or shell can be automatically depressed or lowered after the pouring of the mold and maintained in contact with the aforesaid sloping Walls and ex actly central relative to the chill during the contraction of the said shell or crust. I would also remark that to prevent the molten metal run into the pockets 35 to expand the rods Q from coming in direct contact with the ring m and with the tapered lower ends of the rods the bottoms of the said pockets are preferably covered with a layer or body of fine sand J, which surrounds and incloses the said ends of the said rods.

Briefly described, the operation of my improved mold is as follows: The molten metal employed in casting a roll is introduced at the inlet 16 of the drag A into the cavity 10, filling the said cavity and then rising into and fillingthe chill-chamber 12 and then rising into the cope-chamber 13 until the level of the molten metal within the said cope-chamber has risen into suitable proximity to the lower 'holes 36, as indicated by the dotted line L in Fig. 1. The molten metal introduced into the mold is then permitted to stand until the chill has formed a crust or shell which can be operated upon, whereupon molten metal is introduced into the upper end of the cope-chamber through the opening 1 in the weight or abutment R to a level a suitable distance above the upper holes 36, so that molten metal flows from the copechamber 13 first through the lower holes 36 into the pockets 35, connected with the said holes and then, if required, through the upper holes 36 into the pockets 35, connected with the last-mentioned holes and heats the calorisally-expansible rods Q in the. said pockets- Upward expansion of the rods Q is prevented or limited by the weight or abutment R, as already indicated, and consequently the heating of the rods Q expands them downwardly and uniformly, resulting in the exertion of pressure downwardly upon the pressure-exerting ring m, which in turn presses down upon the cooling and contracting crust or shell of the roll-body being cast in the chill.

It will be observed that by means of the location of two of the holes 36 above the re' mainder of the said holes the ring m can be depressed at two different times and twice as far as by having all of the said holes arranged in the same horizontal plane because after the calorically-expansible rods in the pocke ets connected with the lower holes 36 have exerted their pressure upon the ring m the wedges to at the upper ends of the other rods are tightened, so that the subsequent heating and expansion of the calorically-expansible rods in the pockets connected with the upper holes 36 will result in a second or further depression or lowering of the ring m. As the said shell or crust is pressed downwardly it keeps in contact with the'downwardly and inwardly sloping bottom walls of the grooves or chamber enlargements b in the chill. and consequently a constant pressure on the contsacting shell or crust is maintained until the cont action has progressed far enough topermit are external ribs or beads formed on the casting to slide down the aforesaid walls. Obviously the upper of two adjacent ribs or beads formed on the casting will lower somewhat more during the contraction of the casting than the lower of the said ribs or beads, and to accommodate this unequal lowering of the external ribs or beads formed on the casting the importance of the gradual increase in the slope of the bottom walls of the grooves or chamber enlargements toward the upper end of the chill is apparent. I would also remark that the provision of the chill with the grooves 12, having downwardly and inwardly sloping top and bottom walls, is also not unimportant to more thoroughly break up the cakish or sluggish metal. The molten metal becomes more dull or sluggish as it ascends within the chill, and a greater slope of the bottom walls of the grooves b facilitates the passage of the material into and outwardly in the grooves. Therefore because the molten metal becomes more sluggish as it ascends another advantage in a gradual increase of the slope in the bottom walls in the grooves toward the upper end of the chill becomes obvioussince such increase in the said slope increases the facility with which the sluggish molten metal can work outwardly into the grooves.

The undercut top walls of the grooves 11 accommodate the passage of air and gases into the upper portions of the said grooves and the blacking contained in the said grooves after applying blacking to the said wallsthat is, air and gases are permitted to escape from the molten metal into the upper portions of the grooves b before the molten metal which is to form the outer crust or shell of the casting has become solid enough to prevent the escape of air and gases from the molten metal-and of course as the ribs or beads formed on the said shell or crust within the said grooves are cut away in dressing the roll after the casting operation mutilation of or imperfections in the said beads or ribs by the air and gases entrapped in the grooves is of no consequence. The molten metal does not of course solidify instantly, and enough time is required for the solidification of the molten metal in the grooves b to permit gases to escape from the body of molten metal into I the upper portions of the said grooves. The undercut top walls of the grooves b also assist in causing the coating of blacking or surfacecoating generally used in coating the interior surfaces of chills to adhere firmly to the chill. The top wall of each groove 6 is at an acute angle to the inwardly-facing central wall of the groove, and consequently in applying the blacking or surface-coating by means of a brush to the said Wall the corner formed between the walls is more or less filled, so as to form a web of blacking or surface-coating which bridges the space between the said Walls at the said corner and materially assists in holdingthe blacking or coating to the remaining portions of the said walls.

The ring K permits the settling or lowering of the contracting shell or crust of the casting being formed in the chill, the said ring being lowered by a proper manipulation of the ringengaging screws f and h, as already indicated, and readily accommodated and facilitated by the loose sand or readily displaceable material within the cavity 23, entering the recess 22, formed in the bottom of the said ring dur The ring K ing the lowering of the said ring. is of course lowered after the mold has been poured and the molten metal which is to form the outer crust or shell of the casting has begun to contract during the solidification of the castin so that the ribs or beadsformed on the sai shell or crust within the grooves b are kept in contact with the bottom walls of the grooves.

Any further depression or lowering of the castin after the expansion-rods Q have performed their function is done by operating the wedges to with or without a further manipulation of the screws y and nuts t against the action of the rings ac, which prevent the exertion of any undue and detrimental pressure on the casting.

The cutters or cut-offs 46 are depressed immediately upon the supplying of the pockets 35 with the desired quantity of molten metal, so as to avoid any solid connection between the metal in the pockets with the metal left in the feeding-head or cope-chamber 13, and thereby afford to the upper neck and trunnion of the roll being cast the desired freedom to follow downwardly during the natural vertical contraction of the casting.

After the operation of the mold the rods Q and adhering solidified metal with the shields 47 and plates 52 are withdrawn from the cope, whereupon the plates 52 are separated from the rods and adhering metal which can thereupon be readily loosened relative to the rods by wedges or other spreading means inserted into the spaces left unoccupied by the separation of the said plates.

I would also remark that there are cases as, for instance, in casting very long rolls and in casting rolls having large necks and relatively small bodieswhen it may be desirable to lower or depress the whole upper neck, sand-body of the cope, and the entire u per portion of the casting, as well as the c 'lled crust or shell of the body of the roll. In such cases the cutters or cut-offs 4:6 and shields 50 can be left out of the cope, so that the metal in the holes 36 will unite solidly with the feeding-head or upper portion of the casting and the castings formed in the pockets 35, whereby any expansion of the calorically-expansible rods would then force downwardly all of the casting above the up per end of the chill. In these cases the sand J would be omitted, so that the metal flowing into the pockets 35 could get to and around the tapered lower ends of the rods Q, and

thereby cause the casting formed in the pockets 35 to be depressed along with the ring m, and thereby force and crush downwardly the sand-walls of the cope-chamber or feeding-head and exert a downward pressure upon the whole upper portion of the rollforming casting.

What I claim is 1.-In a mold for casting a chilled roll, a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a cylindrical chamber extending from the upper end. to the lower end of the chill, with the surrounding wall of the chamber provided with vertically-spaced grooves extending circumferentially of the chamber, with the top and bottom walls of the grooves sloping downwardly and inwardly, and with the slope of the bottom wall of the lower of two adjacent grooves less than the slope of the bottom wall of the upper of the said grooves.

2. In a roll-casting mold, a vertically-arranged annular chill provided interiorly with vertically-spaced grooves extending circumferentially of the chill, with the top and bottom walls of the grooves sloping downwardly and inwardly.

3. In a roll-casting mold, a vertically-an ranged chill provided interiorly with a c ylindrical chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the surrounding wall of the chamber provided with vertically-spaced grooves extending circumferentially of the chamber, with the bottom walls 01. the grooves sloping downwardly and inwardly, and with the slope of the bottom wall of the lower of two adjacent grooves less than the slope of the bottom wall of the upper of the said grooves.

Y 4. In a roll-casting mold, a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill and is enlarged diamet rically at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the bottom walls of the diametrical enlargements of the chamber sloping downwardly and inwardly and having a greater slope in the upper portion than in the lower portion of the chill.

5. In a roll casting mold, a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill and is enlarged diametrically at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the bottom walls of the diametrical enlargements of the chamber sloping downwardly and inwardly, and with the slopes of the bottom walls of the said chamber enlargements being greater at the upper end of the chill and gradually decreasing toward the lower end of the chill.

6. In a roll-casting mold, a verticallyarranged annular chill provided interiorly with vertically-spaced grooves extending circumferentially of the chill, with the bottom walls I the top wall of the lower of the said grooves.-

7. In a roll-casting mold, an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill and is enlarged diametrically at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the diametrical enlargements of the chamber extending circumferentially of the chill, with the top and bottom walls of the said chamber enlargements sloping downwardly and inwardly, and the chill being pro vided with holes spaced circumferentially of and connecting with one of the aforesaid chamber enlargements, with each hole arranged between the top and bottom walls of the connected chamber enlargements and extending from the said chamber enlargements to the exterior of the chill and gradually re duced at its inner end toward the connected chamber enlargement, and plugs occupying and removable from the said holes and having their inner ends tapering and fitting the inner ends of the holes.

8. In a roll-casting mold, an upright chill provided interiorly with chamber which extends from. the upper end to the lower end of the chill and is enlarged diametrically at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the diametrical enlargements of the chamber extending circumferentially of the chill, and the chill being provided with a lat eral hole connected with one of the aforesaid chamber enlarge ents, which hole extends from the connected chamber enlargement to the exterior of the chill and is gradually re duced at its inner end toward the connected chamber enlargement, and a plug occupying and removable from the said hole and having its inner end tapering and fitting the inner end of the hole.

9. In a roll-casting mold, an upright chill provided'interi orly with a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill and is en] arg'ed diametrically at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the diametrical enlargements of the chamber extending circumferentially of the chill, and the chill being provided with holes spaced circumferentially of and connecting with one of the aforesaid chamber enlargements, which holes extend from the connected chamber enlargement to the exterior of the chill, and plugs occupying and removable from the said holes.

10. In a roll-casting mold, an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the surrounding wall of the chamber provided with suitably-spaced holes,

which holes extend from the chamber to the exterior surface of the chill and are gradually reduced at their inner ends toward the chamber, with the surrounding wall of the outer portion of each hole screw-threaded, and correspondingly threaded plugs screwed into the said holes and having their inner ends tapering and fitting the inner ends of the holes.

11. In a roll-casting mold, an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber which 7 extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill and is enlarged diametrically at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the diametrical enlargements of the chamber extending circumferentially of the chill, and the chill being provided in both its upper and lower portions with holes spaced circumferentially of and connecting with one of the aforesaid cham ber enlargements, which holes extend from the connected chamber enlargements to the exterior of the chill, and removable plugs for closing the said holes.

12. In a roll-casting mold, an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from theupper end to the lower end of the chill and is enlargeddiametrically at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the diametrical enlargements of the chamber extending circumferentially of the chill, and with the top and bottom walls of the said chamber enlargements sloping down-.

wardly and inwardly, and the chill being provided with vertically-srmced holes connecting with one of the aforesaid chamber enlargements 'of the chamber, which holes extend from the connected chamber enlargements to the exterior of the chill, and removable plugs for closing the said holes.

13. In a roll-casting mold, a chill provided interiorly with a chamber and having a hole extending laterally from the chamber to the exterior of the chill, which hole is gradually reduced at its inner end toward the chamber, and a removable plug having a tapering end fitting the inner end of the said hole.

1 1. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with a lower mold part or drag, and a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a cylindrical chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the surrounding wall of the chamber provided with vertically-spaced grooves ex tending circumferentially of the chamber, with the bottom walls of the grooves sloping downwardly and inwardly, and with the drag provided with a cavity having an inlet for molten metal and arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the said cavity formed by a body of loam or moldingsand, of a depressible sand-covered ring em bedded in the said wall or walls and surrounding the said cavity; ,means instrumental in depressing the ring, and means instrumental in elevating the ring.

15. In'a roll-casting mold, the combination, with a lower mold part or drag, and a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a cylindrical chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the surrounding wall of the chamber provided with vertically-spaced grooves extending circumferentially of the chamber,

with the bottom walls of the grooves sloping downwardly and inwardly, with the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, and with the surrounding wall or walls of the cavity formed by a body of loam or moldingsand, of a vertically-adjustable sand-covered ring embedded in the said wall or walls and surrounding the saidcavity.

16. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with a lower mold part or drag, and a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the cavity formed by a body of loam or molding-sand, of a ver tically-adjustable ring embedded in the said wall or walls and surrounding the said cavity, which ring is provided in its under side with a recess extending circumferentially of the ring, and the aforesaid wall or walls being provided in under the said recess with a cav ity occupied by loose sand or displaceable material and arranged in registry with and extending along the recess in the ring.

17. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with a lower mold part or drag, and a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the drag provided with a cavity arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the said cavity formed by a body of loam or molding-sand and provided at one side and a suitable distance below the upper end of the cavity with an inlet for molten metal, of a vertically-adjustable ring embedded in the said wall or walls above the said inlet and surrounding the aforesaid cavity, and a plate or partition embedded in the loam or sand of the drag and arranged above the aforesaid inlet and a suitable distance below the ring.

18. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with a lower mold part or drag, and a chill provided interiorly with a chamber ex= tending from the lower extremity of the chill upwardly, with the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is in communication with the said chamber, of a depressible member arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the aforesaid cavity, said depressible member being in position to form a bearing for the lower end of the outer shell or crust of the casting during the lowering of the latter.

19. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with a lower mold part or drag, and a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the drag provided centrally with a cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is arranged centrally of and diametricallysmaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, of a depressible ring arranged in under the said chamber and surrounding the aforesaid cavity and provided below the chamber in the chill with upwardly-projecting upwardlytapering lugs, means instrumental in depressing the ring, and means instrumental in elevating the ring.

20. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the lower mold part or drag and a vertically-arranged chill arranged over the drag and provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, of a depressible ring arranged in under the said chamber and surrounding the aforesaid cavity; means for exerting pressure downwardly upon the ring to depress the ring, and means for exerting pressure upwardly against the ring to elevate the 2 l. In a roll-casting mold, the combina tion, with the lower mold part or drag and a vertically-arranged chill arranged over the drag and provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, of a depressible ring arranged in under the said chamber and surrounding the aforesaid cavity, and means whereby the ring may be depressed.

22. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the lower mold part or drag, and a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the drag provided with a cavity which has an in let for molten metal and is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the said cavity formed by a body of. loam or moldingsand surrounded by a metal casing, of a depressible ring arranged in under the aforesaid chamber and'surrounding the said cavity; screws extending through correspondinglythreaded holes formed in and spaced circumferentially of the aforesaid casing, which screws are arranged to exert pressure down-,

vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper.

end to the lower end of the chill, with the drag provided witha cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the said cavity formed by a body of loam or moldingsand surrounded by a metal casing, of a de-- pressible ring arranged in under the aforesaid chamber and surrounding the said cavity; screws extending through correspondinglythreaded holes formed in and spaced circumferentially of the'said casing, which screws are arranged to exert pressure downwardly upon the ring, and means for elevating the ring, and the ring being provided with down-- wardly and outwardly sloping surfaces engaged by the said screws. I

24. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the lower mold part or drag, and a ver tically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, with the drag provided with a cavity having an inlet for molten metal and arranged centrally of and 'diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the said cavity formed by a body of loam or molding-sand surrounded by a metal casing, of a depressible ring arranged in under the aforesaid chamber and surrounding the said cavity; means for depressing the ring,and screws extending through correspondingly threaded holes formed in and spaced circumferentially of the said casing, which screws are arranged to exert pressure upwardly against the ring, and the ring being provided with upwardly and outwardly sloping surfaces engaged by the said screws.

25. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the lower mold part or drag, and'a for molten metal and arranged centrally of .sible ring arranged in under the aforesaid outer or free end of the lug, and means adaptvertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower' end of the chill, with the drag provided with a cavity having an inlet and diametrically smaller than but in com munication with the aforesaid chamber, of a depressible ring arranged in under the afore said chamber and surrounding the aforesaid cavity and provided with laterally and outwardly projecting lugs spaced circumferentially of the ring, and means adapted to' ad.- just the ring vertically and comprising members engaging the upper and lower surfaces of the aforesaid lugs.

26. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, of a depres- 5 chamber and provided with laterally and outwardly projecting lugs spaced circumferentially ofthe ring, with the upper and lower surfaces of each lug converging toward the 9 ed to adjust the ring vertically and comprising members engaging thesloping surfaces of the aforesaid lugs.

27. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, witlian upright chill provided interiorly 5 with'a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, of a depressible ring arranged in under the aforesaid chamber and provided with laterally and outwardly projecting lugs spaced circumferenroo tially of the ring, with the upper and lower surfaces of each lug sloping and converging toward the outer or free end of the lug, suitably-supported endwise-shiftable members engaging the upper sloping surfaces of the lugs, and suitably-supported endwise-shiftable members engaging the lower sloping surfaces of the lugs.

28. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with an upright chill provided interiorly 1 10 with a chamber extending from the up 'er end to the lower end of the chill, of a suitab ysupported depressible ring arranged in under the aforesaid chamber and provided with laterally and outwardly projecting lugs 1 15 spaced circumferentially of the ring, with the upper surfaces of the lugs sloping downwardly and outwardly, and suitably-supported endwise-shiftable members engaging the said sloping surfaces of the lugs.

29. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, w ith an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the lower end of the chill upwardly, of a suitably-supported depressible ring arranged in under the 12 5 said chamber and provided with laterally and outwardly projecting lugs spaced circumferentially of the ring, with the lower surfaces of the lugs sloping upwardly and outwardly suitably-supported endwise-shiftable mem- 1 0 hers engaging the said sloping surfaces of the lugs, and means for depressing the ring.

30. Ina roll-casting mold, the combination, with an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill, of a suitablysupported depressible ring arranged in under the aforesaid chamber, and members overlapping and arranged to depress the rin 31. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with a chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the lower end of the chill upwardly, of means-whereby the outer crust or shell of the casting formed in the chill can be made to descend into a lower position.

32. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with a lower mold part or drag, and a chill arranged over the drag and provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the upper end-to the lower end of the chill and is enlarged laterally at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the lateral enlargements of the said chamber extending circumferentially of the chill, with the bottom walls of the said chamber-enlargements sloping downwardly and inwardly, and with the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet-for molten metal and is arranged centrally 'of and diametrically smaller than but in communic'ationwith the aforesaid chillchamber, of a vertically-adjustable ring arranged in under the chill-chamber and "surrounding the aforesaid cavity; an upper mold part or cope arranged over the chill and prothe drag provided with a cavity which has anvided interiorly with a chamber which is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the chillchamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the cope-chamber formed by a body'of loam or. molding-sand and provided with.

pockets arranged externally and spaced circumferentially of the said'chamber a suitable distance above the chill, said wall or walls,

having holes connecting the said pockets with the cope-chamber; a pressure-exerting :tion, with a lower mold part or'drag, and a chill arranged over the dragand provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of -the chill and is enlarged laterally at suitable'inte'rvals between the ends of the chill, with the lateral enlargements of the said chamber'extending circumferentially of the chill, with the bottom walls of the said chamber enlargements sloping downwardly and inwardly, and with inlet for molten metal and is arranged cen-.

trally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chillchamber, of a vertically-adjustable ring ar ranged in under the chill-chamber and surrounding the aforesaid cavity; an upper mold part or cope arranged over the chill and provided interiorly with a chamber which is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but in communicationwith the chillchamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the cope-chamber formed by a body of.-

loam or molding-sand and provided with pockets arrangedexternally and spaced circumferentially of the said chamber-a suitable distance above the chill; a pressure-exerting ring embedded within the lower end 'of the aforesaid wall or walls below the pocket and having the dimensions and arrangement re- ;quired to render it capable of being lowered into the chillchamber; calorically exp ansible upright rods arranged within the pockets and resting upon the said ring, and an abutment for the upper ends of the rods.

34:. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, ,with a lower mold part or drag, and a 'chill arranged over the drag and providedinteriorly with a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill and is enlarged laterally at suitable intervals between the'ends of the chill, with the lateral enlargements of the said chamber extending circumferentially of the chill, withthe bottom walls of the said chamber enlargements sloping downwardly and inwardly, and with the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is arranged cena trally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chillchamber, of a vertically-adjustable ring arranged in underthe chill-chamber and surrounding the aforesaid cavity; an upper mold part or cope arranged over the chill and provided interiorly with a chamber which is ar ranged centrally of and diametrically smaller I'Io than but in communication with the chillchamber, with the surrounding wall or walls also having holes connecting the said pockets with the cope-chamber; apressure-exerting' ring embedded within the lower end of the aforesaid wall or walls below the pockets and having the dimensions and arrangement re-H quir ed to render it capable of being lowered into the chill-chamber; calorically-expansible upright rods arranged withinthe'pockets'and resting upon the said ring; an abutment for" the upper ends of the rods, and shields arranged within the pockets between therods.

and the aforesaid holes and attached to the rods. 1 V v 35. In a roll-casting mold, the combina tion, with a lower mold part or drag, and a chill arranged over the drag and provided in teriorly with a chamber which extends from 5 the upper end to the lower end of the chill and is enlarged laterally at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the lateral enlargements of the said chamber extending circumferentially-of the chill, with the boti '10 tom walls of the said chamber enlargements sloping downwardly and inwardly, and with the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet for molten metal and is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but I 5 in communication with the aforesaid chill-.

' chamber, of a vertically-adjustable ring arranged in under the chill-chamber and sur rounding the aforesaid cavity; an upper mold part or cope arranged over the chill and pro- 2 vided interiorly with a chamber which is arranged centrally of and diametrically smaller than but incommunication with the chill chamber; depressible upright rods arranged within the surrounding wall or walls of the z 5 cope-chamber and spaced circumferentially of the said chamber a suitable distance above the chill, and a suitably-supported depressiQ ble pressure-exerting ring arranged within the lower end of the aforesaid wall or walls in 130 under the rods and having the dimensions and arrangement required to render it capa -ble of being depressed into the chill-chamber "by the rods. in

36. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, With a lower mold P Or drag" and chill arranged over the drag and provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the upper endto the lower end of the chill and is enlarged laterally at suitable intervals -4 between the ends of the chill, with the lateral enlargements of the said chamber extending circumferentiallyof the chill, with the bottom walls of the said chamber enlargements sloping downwardly and inwardly and with '45 the drag provided with a cavity which has an inlet formolten metal and is arranged cen- "trally of and diametrically smaller than but in communication with the aforesaid chill-' chamber, of a vertically-adjustable ring ar- 51 $0 'ranged'in under the chill-chamber and sur rounding the aforesaid cavity; an upper, mold partor cope arranged over the chill and provided interiorl with a chamber which is arranged central y of and diametrically i 55 smaller th'an'but in communication with the chill cliamberf and a suitably' supported pressure exerting ring arrangedfwithin the.

lower of the aforesaid wall or .walls'. and

havingthe' dimensions and arrangement rew -6o' quired to re'nder it capable of'beinglowered into the chillchamber, said pressure-exerting:

ring being'fdepressible independently of; the said 'wall' o'r walls.

- 37Ir'i a-"roll'casting mold, the combina- Z tion, with anup'right chill provided interiorlywith a chamber which extends from the upper end to the lower end of the chill'and is enlarged laterally at suitable intervals between the ends of the chill, with the bottom Walls of the chamber-enlargements sloping downwardly and inwardly, of a suitably-supported depressible member arranged in under the said chamber in position to afford bearing to the lower end of the crust or,shell, of the casting formed within the chill, and? 5 means whereby a downward pressure can be exerted upon the upper end of the said shell or crust.

38. In a roll-casting mold, the combina-. ,v tion, with a vertically-arranged chill pro-8o vided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper e'n d of thechill, downwardly, and an upper mold part or cope; arranged over the chill and provided interiorlywith a :1 chamber which is arranged centrally of but "8 5 diametrically smaller than and in communication with the aforesaid chill-Chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the copechamber formed bya body of loam or molding-sand and provided with pockets arranged g'o externally and spaced circumferentially of the said chamber a suitable distance above the outer ortion of the chill-chamberfsaid wall or wa ls also having holesconnectingthe,. pockets with the I c'ope-chainbenlfof a pre'ssure-exerting ring embedded injthe lowerend of the said wall or :wallsbelow the pockets, which ring has the dimensions and arrangement required to render it capabletof beinfg lowered into the chill-chamber; calorically "r'oo expansible upright rods arranged within the pockets and over the ring, and an abutment overlapping the upper ends of the rods.

39. In a roll-casting mold, the j ombina- H tion, with a vertically-arranged chill' pro fos vided interiorly a'chamber' extending from the upper end of the chill "downwardly,

and an upper mold part or cop'e arranged over the chill and provided interiorly with a chamber which is arranged centrally of but "1 TO diametrically smaller than and in communication with the aforesaid chill-chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls 1 of the copechamber formed by a body of loam or molding-sand and provided'with pocketsgarrangefd externallyand spaced 'circumferentially'j'df the said chamber a suit'able distance "abo vfe the outer portion of the]chill chamb er,:'said wall or walls also having' holesconnectihg pockets with the copecha'r'nb er, of a pressure-exerting ring embedded in the lower end of the saidwall'or walls below the pockets, which ring has the dimensions and arrangement required to render it capableg'of being lowered into I the chill-chamber icalori call'yexpansible uprigl'it rods arrangedl the pockets and over the ring, and means-for preventing or limiting upward expansionofthe rods. I I 40. In arch-casting 'niold, the colnbina- 0 30 the surroundin tion, with a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end of the chill downwardly, and an upper mold part or cope arranged over the chill and provided interiorly with a 2o, ingupward ex ansion of the rods.

41. In anil -cas'ting mold, the combination, with a vertically-arranged chill projv'idedinte'riorly with a chamber extending from the upper end of the chill downwardly,

and an upper mold part or cope arranged over the chill and provided interiorly with acha'mber which is arranged centrally. of but diametrically smaller than and in communication with the aforesaid chill-chamber, with i wall or walls of the co echamber' forme by a bodyof loam or mo lding-sand and provided externally of the said chamber with calorically-expansible means arranged a suitable distance above the outer W portion of the chill-chamber, of a suitablysupported depressible pressure-exerting ring in position to be depressed by the operation of the aforesaid calorically-expansible means, whichring has the dimensions and arrangeao m'ent required to render it capable of being lowered into; the chill-chamber;

1 .142. In] -ollrcasting mold, the combina-' tion, with; a "vertically-arranged chill pro- Qvi'ded interiorly with a chamber extending 4 5 from the upper endof the chill downwardly,

and an upper mold part or cope arranged .over the chillan'd provided interiorly with a chamber which is arranged centrally of but diametrically smaller than and in communi- 5 cation withthe aforesaid chill-chamber, with ithe surrounding wall, orwalls of the copeeharnber formed by a body of loam or molding-sand andprovided with pockets arranged ,externally, and spaced circumferentially of thei'said chamber a suitable distance above the ,outer portionof the chill-chamber, said wall orwalls also having holes-connecting the pockets with the cope-chamber; a-pressureexerting ring embedded in the llower end of 6o the '.said wall or walls belowthe pockets, ring has the dimensionsand arrangefment required to render itcapable of being iloweredjinto the chill chamber; calorically expansible upright rods arranged within the th qg p ocli ets in, position to depress the ring;

means for preventing upward expansion of the rods, and shields arranged within the pockets between the holes and the rods and opposite the said holes, which shields are attached to the rods.

tion, with a vertically-arranged chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from .the upper end of the chill downwardly, and an upper mold part or cope arranged overt e1.

chill and provided interiorly with a chamber which is arranged centrally of but diametrically smaller than and in communicatidn with the aforesaid chill-chamber, with the surrounding wall or walls of the cope-chamber formed by a body of loam or molding sand and provided with pockets arranged externally and spaced circumferentially of-the said chamber a suitable distance above the outer portion of the chill-chamber, said wall or walls also having holes connecting the pockets with the cope-chamber, of a pressureexerting ring embedded in the lower end of the said wall or walls below the pockets and having the dimensions and arrangement required to render it capable of being-lowered into the chill-chamber; calorically-expansible upright rods arranged within the pockets and projecting into and arranged to depress the ring, and means for preventing upward ex: pansion of the rods, y

44. In a roll-casting mold, an upper mold part or cope provided centrally with achamber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding Wall or walls of the chamber formed by loam or molding-sand and provided with pockets arranged externally and spaCedcircumferentially of the chamber a suitable distance above the lower end of the cope, said wall or walls having holes connecting the pockets with the chamber; vertically-movable cutters or cut-offs embedded inthewall or walls above the holes and extending upwardly a suitable distance, which cut-offs are normally elevated or open and are adapt ed to lower to sever the connectionsbetween the pocketsand the chamber; a suitably-supported pressure-exerting ring arranged ex-' ternally and extending circumferentially'of the'chamber below the pockets; upri ht ca- 7 7 43. In a roll-casting mold, the combiner lorically-expansible rods arranged wit n the pockets and in position to depress the ring, and means for preventing upward expansion of the rods,

45 In a roll-casting mold,, part or copeprovided centrally a chamber for receiving molten metal,.w1th.,the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed byloamor molding-sand andh'providled with pockets arranged externally and. spaced circumferentially'of the chamber aisuitable distance above the lower end ofthecope,.. said wall or walls having holes connect ng the pockets with the chamber; cutters orient-offs arranged to sever the connections-between imber 'd the pockets and the chamber; a suitably-sup pockets arranged externally and spaced circumferentially of the chamber a suitable distance above the lower end of the cope, said wallor walls having holes connecting the pockets with the chamber; a suitably-supported pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber below the pockets; upright calorically-expansible rods arranged within the pockets and in position to de ress the ring; means for preventing upward expansion of the rods, and a body of sand contained with in the lower portions of the pockets and surrounding the lower ends of the rods.

47. In a-roll-casting mold, an upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a chamber for receiving molten metal,with the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed by loam or molding-sand and provided with pockets arranged externally and spaced circumferentially of the chamber a suitable distance above the lower end of the cope, said wall or walls provided at different elevations with holes connecting the pockets with the chamber; a suitably-supported pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber below the pockets; upright calorically-expansible rods arranged within the pockets and in position to depress the ring, and means for preventing upward expansion of the rods.

48. In a roll-casting mold, an upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a chamber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed by loam' or molding-sand and provided with pockets arranged externally and spaced circumferentially of the chamber a suitable distance above the lower end of the cope, said wall or walls provided at different elevations i w with holes connecting the. pockets with the chamber; a suitably-supported pressure-exerting member arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber be low the pockets; upright calorically-expansible rods arranged within the pockets and in position to depress thering, and means for tightening the rods downwardly. against the aforesaid pressure-exerting member.

49. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope having a centrally-located chamber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed of loam or mold ing-sand, of a depressible pressure-exerting ring extending circumferentially of the lower end of the chamber and embedded in the aforesaid wall or walls, which ring is provided at its lower end with abeveled edge which has downwardly-proj ecting lugs.

50. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope having a centrally-located chamber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed of loam or molding-sand, of a depressible pressure-exerting ring extending circumferentially ofthe lower end of the chamber and embedded in the aforesaid wall or walls, which ring is beveled at its lower end.

51. In a roll-casting mold, an upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a cham ber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or walls of the said chamber formed of loam or molding-sand and provided externally of the chamber with pockets spaced circumferentially ofthe chamber and arranged a suitable distance above the lower end of the cope, said wallor walls also having holes connecting the pockets with the cham ber; a suitably-supported pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber below. the

pockets upright 'calorically-expansible rods I arranged Within the pockets and in position to depress the ring, and an abutment-forming verticallyadjustable weight arranged above the cope and overhanging the upper. ends of the rods.

52. In a roll-castingmold, an upper mold ber; .a suitably-supported pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber below the pockets; upright calorically-expansible rods ar-- ranged within the pockets and in position to depress the ring; suitably-supported shields arranged opposite the aforesaid holes between the latter and the rods, and means for preventing'or limiting upward expansion of the rods.

53. In a roll-casting mold, the combina tion, with the upper mold part or cope having a centrally-located chamber for receiving molten metaland' rovided externally of the chamber with pofirets spaced circumferentially of the chamber and arranged a suitable distance above the lower end of the cope, of a suitably-supported pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber below the pockets; upright calorically-expansible rods arranged within the pockets and in position to depress the ring, and a suitably-supported abutment arranged above the cope and overhanging the up er ends of the rods.

54. n a roll-casting mold, the co'rnbination, with the upper mold part or cope having a centrally-located chamber for receiving molten metal and provided externally of the chamber with pockets spaced circumferentially of the chamber and arranged a suitable distance above the lower end of the cope, of a I 5 suitably-supported pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber below the pockets; upright calorically-expansible rods arranged within the pockets and in position to depress the ring, and vertically-adjustable means for preventing or limiting upward expansion of the rods. I

55. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope havmg a centrally-located chamber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed of loam or moldingsand and provided externally of the chamber with pockets spaced circumferen- 0 tially of the chamber and arranged a suitable distance above the lower end ofthe cope, of a depressible pressure-exerting ring extending circumferentially of the lower end of; the chamber and embedded in the aforesaid wall 3 5 or walls below the pockets and provided at its outer side with outwardly-projecting outwardly-tapering lugs embedded in the said wall or walls; upright calorically-expansible rods within the pockets and arrangedto de- 0 press the ring, and an abutment preventing or limiting upward expansion of the rods.

56. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a chamber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or walls of the said chamber formed of loam or molding-sand and provided exteriorly of the chamberwith pockets spaced circumferentially of the chamber and arranged a suitable 5o distance above the lower end of the cope, of a suitably-supported depressible pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber below the pockets; upright calorically-expansible rods arranged to depress the ring; upright plates or partitions arranged radially of the pockets at the outer sides of the rods, and means for preventing or limiting upward expansion of the rods. j

57. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a chamber for receiving molten metal, with the'surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed by loam or molding-sand and provided externally of the chamber with pockets spaced circumferentially of the said wall or walls and arranged a suitable distance above the lower end of the cope, said wall or walls also having verticallyspaced holes connecting the pockets with the chamber, of a suitably-supported pressureexerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the chamber below the pockets; calorically-expansible rods ex ranged withinthe pockets and in position todepress the ring; an abutment overhanging the upper ends of the rods, and wedges between the abutment and the said ends of the rods.

' 58.- In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a chamber for receiving.

chamber; of upright rods arranged over and in position to depress the ring; an abutment.- forming weight arranged above the cope and extending over the upper ends of the rods; bolts and nuts instrumental in attaching, the weight to thesaid flange, with the bolts extending loosely through the weight, and spiral springs confined on the bolts and arranged to'cushion the weight from above.

59. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope p rovided centrally with a chamber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed of a body of loam or molding-sand, which body is surrounded by a metal casing, and a suitablysupported depressible pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the lower portion of the aforesaid chamber, of upright rods arranged over and in position to depress the ring anda ver tically-adjustable abutment-forming weight arranged above the cope and extending over the upper ends of the rods.

60. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a chamber. for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or -walls of the chamber formed of a body of loam or molding-sand, which body is surrounded by a metal casing, and a suitablysupported and depressible pressure-exerting rin surroundin the lower end of the aforee sai chamber, 0 upright rods arranged over and in position to depress the ring ,an abutment-forming weight. arranged above the cope and extending over the upper ends of the rods and having vertically-arranged extending into engagement with the casing through the aforesaid screw-threaded holes.

61. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a chamber for receiving molten metal, with the surrounding wall or walls of the chamber formed of a body of loam or molding-sand, which body is surrounded by a metal casing, and a suitably supported and depressible pressure-exerting ring surrounding the lower end of the aforesaid chamber, of upright rods arranged over and in position to depress the ring; an abutment-forming weight arranged above the cope and extending over the upper ends of the rods and having vertically-arranged screw-threaded holes spaced clrcumferentially of the cope over the casing; bolts and nuts instrumental in attaching the weight to the said flange, with the bolts extending loosely through the weight; spiral springs confined on the bolts'and adapted to cushion the weight from above, and correspondinglythreaded screws extending into engagement with the casing through the aforesaid screwthreaded holes.

62. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope provided centrally with a chamber for receiving molten metal, of a suitably-supported depressible pressure-exerting ring arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the lower portion of the chamber, and calorically-operated means for depressing the said ring.

63. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with the upper mold part or cope provided with a chamber for receiving molten metal, of a suitably-supported pressure-exerting member arranged externally and extending circumferentially of the lower por' tion of the chamber, said pressure-exerting member being depressible independently of the walls ofthe said chamber, and means for ldepressing the said pressure-exerting mem- 641. In a roll-casting mold, a 'lower mold part ordrag; a chill arranged over the drag and provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper end to the lower end of the chill an upper mold part or cope arranged over the chill, with the aforesaid "chill-chamber provided with verticallyspaced lateral enlargements extending circumferentially of the chill, with the bottom walls of the said chamber enlargements sloping downwardly and inwardly, with the cope provided centrally with a chamber which is in communication with the chill-chamber, and with the drag provided centrally with a cavity having an inlet for molten metal and in communication with the chill-chamber; means whereby pressure can be exerted downwardly upon the upper end of the contracting crust or shell of a casting formed in the chill, and a bearing for the lower end of.

the said shell or crust, which bearing is capable of being lowered.

65. In a roll-casting'mold, a chill provided interiorly with a chamber which extends from the lower end of the chill upwardly and has vertically-spaced lateral enlargements extending circumferentially of the chill, with the bottom walls of the chamber enlarge- .ments sloping downwardly and inwardly,

and calorically-operated means whereby the contracting crust or shell of a casting formed in the chill is held in contact with the aforesaid walls until the casting has contracted enough to become freed from the said walls.

66. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper to the lower end of the chill, of calorically-operated means arranged at the upper end of the chill and in position to depress a casting formed in the chill.

67. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper to the lower end of the chill, of yieldingly-operating means for exerting pressure downwardly upon the upper end of a casting formed in the chill.

68. In a roll-casting mold, the combination, with an upright chill provided interiorly with a chamber extending from the upper to the lower end of the chill, of caloricallyoperated means arranged and adapted to depress a casting formed in the chill, and depressible means arranged under and in position to support the said casting.

In testimony whereof I sign the foregoing specification in the presence of two witnesses.

RALPH H. WEST.

Witnesses:

S. H. WAGNER, A. G. HARMoN.