US830196A - Apparatus for producing white lead. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED SEPT. 4, 1906.

J. W. BAILEY.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING WHITE LEAD.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 5. 1900.

IN ENTOR W) ATTOR Y 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES:

A. I W

No. 830,196. PATENTED SEPT. 4, 1906.

J. W. BAILEY.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING WHITE LEAD.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 5. 1900.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WLNTOR W W UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN W. BAILEY, OF JERSEY CITY. NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 'IO UNITED LEAD COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING WHITE LEAD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 4, 1906.

Application filecl December 5,1900. Serial No. 38,757.

1'0 all whom it Duty concern;

Be it known that I, JOHN W. BAILEY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson, State of New Jersey, have invented an Improved Apparatus for Producing Lead Carbonate, or White Lead, of which the followin is a full, clear, and exact specification, re 'erence being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof.

The invention relates to an improved apparatus for manufacturing lead carbonate, or what is known as white lead, or any similar product; and the object of the invention is to provide means for handling finely divided or comminuted metallic lead while it is passing through the various stages oftreatment needed to convert it into lead carbonate or commercial white lead, except that af ter being passed through said apparatus the white lead must of course bewashed and dried.

One object of the invention is to enable the white lead to be produced automatically and continuously and economically and at the same time to furnish a product'which is superior in quality to that which is made by old and well-known processes.

To that end my invention consists, first, in the combination in such apparatus of a corroding-chamber of any suitable shape and size, a support for the finely divided or comminuted lead in said chambersuch, for example, as a floor or shelf to carry the leadand stirrers adapted to stir or turn the lead over, so as to expose it thoroughly to the action of the ,corroding-gas and at the same time to move or throw the lead forward through the said chamber, and means of any suitable kind to support and carry or move the stirrers. In the best form of my invention I employ a series of stirrers so arranged as to cooperate with one another in stirring or turning over the comminuted lead very thoroughly, so as to expose every particle of the same to the action of the corrodinggas. In the best form of my invention also I employ suitable means for supplying the corroding-gas to said chamber.

My invention also consists in the employment of a suitable carrying-chain to which the stirrers are attached for carrying the stirrers and means for supporting and moving the chain.

My invention also consists in employing two or more rows of stirrers arranged longitudinally of the corroding-chamber and so placed with reference to one another as to stir and move every part of the comminuted lead.

Hy invention also consists in combining with some or all of the features already mentioned a plurality of stirrers having the form of plows, the said plows being consecutively arranged with relation to their path of movement in the chamber and being adapted to turn the lead over and at the same time slowly feed it forward, and the plows preferably being placed alternately in reversed positions, whereby one plow turns the lead over in one direction and the succeeding plow turns the same mass of lead over in the opposite direction, and thus the lead isthoroughly stirred and very completely exposed to the action of the oorroding-gas and is at the same time gradually moved forward through the corroding-chamber, the advancing movement of the lead being at a rate slower than the movement of the plows.

My invention also consists in the combination with the other necessary parts of an endless chain adapted to move through the corroding-chamber and provided with a series of cross-rods and a row of )lows pivoted to each cross-rod and means 'or supporting and moving the endless chain. In the best form of this part of the invention the plows of each row are placed in a reversed position relatively to the plows of the receding row.

My invention also consists in the comb nation in such an apparatus of a corrodingchamber, a series of overlapping shelves placed one above another, forming a zigzag channel through the chamber, and means'for stirring the lead and at the same time moving it over the said shelves and causing it to drop from shelf to shelf until it reaches the point of discharge.

My invention also consists in the comb nation in such an apparatus of a corrodmgchamber and a series of overlapping shelves placed one above another, forming a zigzag channel through the corroding-chamber, and a series of stirrers adapted to stir the lead and at the same time move it forward on said shelves and cause'it to drop from shelf to shelf, and means for su porting and moving the stirrers over the s elves. In the best I of the corrodin -chamber.

form of my invention I arrange the stirrers or plows in the manner already described and attach them'to an endless chain ada tedto carry the stirrers or plows through t e corroding-chamber and over the shelves in a zigzag course, whereby the lead is thoroughly st1rred and exposed to the corrodingegas and is at the same time moved or fed over the shelves successively until it reaches the point of discharge.

My invention also consists in devices for automatically feeding the finely-divided or comminuted lead into the corroding-chambar and for moistening or sprinkling the same automatically and for supplying-the corroding-gas to the said chamber.

My invention also consists of certain other features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

My improved apparatus is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Flgure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross' section of the same, taken on the line a: a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the device for feeding the lead into the chamber, and Fig. 4 is a detail view showing the construction of the endless chain for carrying the plows and also of thefsprinklmg or moistenmg ap ar'atus. I a

S' ar numbers indicate similar parts in the different figures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 1 are the walls This corrodingchamber is ma e of any suitable dimensions and in any suitable manner. This chamber is provided with ,a series of shelves or floors which overlap one another in the manner shown in Fig. 1. These shelves'o erate to support the lead after it has been fe into the chamberand while it is being exposed to the action of the corrodmg -gas. 1n the form shown in Fig. 1 the uppermost shelf extends to Land is partly supported by the front wall of the chamber. In the other direction it extends to a point some little distance away from the rear wall of the chamber, thereby leaving a space in which are placed the sprocket-wheels 3 3, which support and move the endless chain. This shelf is provided with an opening or slot 4 near its rear end, through which the lead drops from the top shelf to the shelf below. This. shelf is also rovided with a trap-door 5 or other suitable device or opening to ermit the passage of theendless chain in t e manner illustrated. The -other shelves or floors are similarly constructed, exce t that the second shelf from the top exten to the rear wall of the chamber instead of to thefront wall, thereby leaving a space for the passage of the chain at the front end of the chamber instead of at the rear; The shelves, which are connected with the rear or discharge end wall of the chamher, are not provided with trap-doors at that end, -as the chain does not have to pass through them at that point. i

6 6 are stirrers which in the form of my invention which is shown in the drawings are made in the shape of plows, the construction of which is more fully set out in Figs. 3 and 4. The stirrers or ried by 'an end ess chain 7. This chain can be constructed in any suitable manner and can be supported and operated by any suitable means. In the form shown in the drawings the endless chain consists of cross-rods 8 8, to which the plows are pivoted. These "cross-rods are connected to ether at their ends by links 9 9 of any suitab e construction. (See Fig. 4.) i I The cross-rods 8 are provided at their ends with the friction-wheels 10- 10, which run upon tracks or ways 11 11, fastened in any suitable way to the side walls of the corroding-chamber; In this way the chain is' kept atthe proper distance above the shelves 2 2 as it-is moved throu h the corroding-chamher, as, a result of Wii made to penetrate entirely thrdilgh the mass plows are attached to and carch the plows 6 6 are of lead resting upon the shelves and to thoroughly stir the lead. ,Each cross-rod is provi ed with a row of lowsas shown, for exam le, in Fi tac ed to eac rod. The cross-rod'sare ut at any suitable distance from one anot er, and the plows attached to one rod are preferably arranged immediately behind the plows attached to the preceding rod, whereby the plows are consecutively arranged with relation to their path of movement in-the corroding-chamber. The

are as i lustrated in Fig. 2that is to say, the

2, w ere nine plows are atlows or blades of the plows of each longitudmal row thus formed laced alternately in reversed positions,

blade'of one low is made toproject to the .left and the b ade of the succeedingplow in the same longitudinal row is made to project to the right, as a result of which the plows in assing through the lead carried by the she ves turn it over, first in one direction and then in the opposite direction. By. reason of the fact. that the plows are pivoted'to the cross-rods the plows always hang suspended from the chain no matter which side of the chain be uppermost. of the chain is clearly indicated in The chain and its plows first ass over the top shelf and then around t e uppermost sprocket-wheels in the drawings, then around the sprocket-wheels 'oppos1te the second shelf on the right-hand side-of Fig. 1, and so on'back and forth I one of the shelves until it reaches the lowest part of the corroding-chamber, when ,the chain passes over the sprocket heel 12 and then up through the trap-doors 5, over'the sprocket-wheel 13, and then continuously aroundthe same circuit. 14 is a hopper,

The direction of travel Fig. '1. J

over each i the top and at the bottom.

which is supplied from time to time with finely divided or oomminuted lead. From the hopper 14 the lead falls into the pockets 15- of a feed-drum 16. This drum is supported within and revolves within the shell 17. The shell 17 is provided with an aperture at The lead from the hopper 14 passes throughthe upper aperture of the shell into the pockets of the drum and falls through the lower aperture of the shell onto the uppermost shelf 2 in the corroding-chamber.

The drum 16 is provided at its ends with the projecting arms 18. Each cross-rod of the endless chain is provided with projecting arms 19, adapted to strike against the arms 18 of the drum, so as to cause the drum to make a quarter-revolution as each rod of the The result of chain passes underneath it. this is that a pocketful of lead is dropped upon the top shelf as each cross-rod passes underneath the drum and immediately in front of the row of plows carried by the next cross-rod. 20 is a moistening device for supplying a limited amount of a suitable solu- "tion of acetic acid and water to the lead immediately after it is fed into the chamber. This moistening device consists of a tube 21, provided with suitable openings or perforations 22. The tube 21 is supplied with moistening liquid through a supply-pipe 23, which is provided with any suitable form of valve, as shown. 24 is an arm connected with this valve, by means of which the valve may be opened or closed, so as to admit a charge of moistening liquid to the tube. The arms 19 of the cross-rods are adapted to strike against the arm 24 when the cross-rods pass underneath the moistening device and to thereby open the valve in-the supply-pipe 23, and thus cause a regulated quantity of the moistening li the lead. When t e arm 19 has moved forward so as to disengage the arm 24, that arm is drawn back into its normal position by the spring 26, so as to close the valve in the supply-pipe 23 and out off the supply of moistening liquid.

By adjusting the arm 24 and the connected valve the amount of moistening liquid that is sprinkled upon the lead each time the valve is opened can be regulated or adjusted. It is also apparent that if it be deemed desirable to moisten the lead in the corrodingchamber at several different points more than one moistening device can be employedthat is to say, one just described can be inserted at any place in the corroding-chamber, and any number of these moistening devices can be used.

27 is a pipe placed at the disehar e end of the eorroding-chamber and suitab y perforated, through which the carbonic acid gas,

uid to be sprinkled upon a moistening device similar to together with air, steam, and acetic-acid vapor, is supplied to the corroding-chamber.

28 is a vessel into which the corroded lead falls through the openings 4 in the lowest shelf. This vessel is removed from time to time and the carbonate of lead is washed and dried by any well-known means.

l 29 29 are flues or pipes for the escape of the corroding-gas.

The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows: The finely-comminuted lead, which may be made by any of the usual methods, is fed into the hopper 14, from which it is fed automatically in regulated quantities on to the uppermost shelf'of the corroding-chamber by means of the drum 16. The lead is turned over and gradually worked forward by the stirrers or plows 6 6, and as each row of plows passes underneath the moistening device 20 a regulated quantity of moistening liquid is sprinkled upon the lead immediately beneath. This spray is generally made of a mixture of acetic acid and water, preferably of about eight per cent. acid to ninety-two per cent. water. The lead is then in condition to be acted upon by the corroding-gas. The plows continue to stir or turn over the lead, and thus expose it thoroughly to the action of the corroding-gas and at the same time feed it forward until the lead reaches the discharge end of the uppermost shelf, when it drops through the opening 4 on to the shelf below.

carried forward on the second shelf until it reaches the end of the same and drops through the opening 4 on to the third shelf, and so on until the lead finally drops into the receptacle 28, at which time it has been very thoroughly subjected to the corroding-gas and very completely corroded. 'hen the apparatus is started, a supply of carbonicacid gas, air, moisture, and acetic-acid vapor, warmed to a temperature of about 120 Fahrenheit, is forced in through the perforated pipe 27, which in the best form of my invention is located below the lowest shelf. By reason of the construction of those shelves the gases are forced to travel between the shelves in close proximity to the stock under treatment as it is being stirred and thrown first one way and then another by the plows. The gases are thus forced to pass over each shelf and very near to the same until they reach the top of the chamber, when they escape through the waste flues or pipes 29.

Many advantages result from the use of my improved apparatus. The corrosion of the lead is much more rapid than in the methods heretofore employed, one reason being that the corroding-gases are brought into closer contact with the stock under treatment.

The white lead made in this apparatus is It is then acted upon in like manner by the plows and "substantially free from dust or other impurities. There is no tendency on the part ofthe corroded lead to form into lumps, as in former processes. In this apparatus the lead is very thoroughly stirred, and thus exposed to the action ofthe corroding-gas, and

' yet the disturbances are periodioalthat is to say, the lead is not in constant motion and this fact also leads to a more thorough corrosion of the lead. In this apparatus also the granulation of the lead in the process of manufacture is substantially prevented. The whole operation is automatic, including the loading or charging of the lead, the stirring, and the unloading. This makes the process much less dangerous to life and ealth.

In processes heretofore employed the operatives were exposed more or less to t e poisonous gases and dust, which made these I former processes dangerous to health and .terially slower than the movement of the stirrers, and means for supplying 'a corroding-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

2. In apparatus for making -white lead or similar products, the combination of a cor- -roding-chamber, a support for comminuted lead in said chamber, means for supplying comminuted lead to said support, a series of stirrers adapted to stir the lead and to advance it with relation to the said support at a rate materially slower than the movement of the stirrers, a chain to which the stirrers are attached, means for supporting and moving the chain, and means for supplying a corroding-gas to said chamber, substantially asset forth.

3. In an ap aratus for making white lead or similar pro ucts, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a support for comminuted lead in the said chamber, means for su plying comminuted lead to said support, a p urality of stirrers consecutively arranged with relation to'their path of movement in the corroding-chamber and ada ted to stir the lead and to advance it with re ation to said support at a rate materially slower than the movement of the stirrers, means for supporting and moving said stirrers, and means for supplying ,corroding-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

4, Inap aratus for making white lead or similar pro ucts, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a support for'the lead in said chamber at a rate slower than the'movement of the stirrers, an endless chain to which the stirrers are attached, means for supporting and movin the chain, and means for supplying a corro ing-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

5. In apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corrodin -chamber, a support for the lead in said cham er, a plurality of plows consecutively arranged with relation to their path of movement in the corroding-chamber and adapted to turn the lead over and feed it-forward, the plows being placed alternately in reversed positions, means for supporting and movin the plows and means for supplyin a corrodinggas to said chamber, substantia 1y as set forth.

6. In apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a support for the lead in the said chamber, a plurality of rows of plows consecutively arranged with relation to their path of movement in the corroding-chamber and adapted to turn the lead over and feed it forward, the rows of plows being placed alternately in reversed positions. means for supporting and movin the plows, and means for supplying a corro ing-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

'7. In apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a support for the lead in said chamber, means for supplying comminuted lead to said support, an endless chain adapt ed ed to move through said chamber, rovi with a series of cross-rods, a row of p ows pivoted to each cross-rod, sai'd lows being constructed to advance the lead at a rate materially slower than the movement of the chain, means for supporting and moving the chain, and means for supp ying a corroding-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

8. In apparatus for making white lead or similar roducts, the combination of a corroding-c amber, a sup ort for thelead in said chamber, an endless cli ain, ada ted to move through said chamber, provide with a series of cross-rods, a row of plows pivoted to each cross-rod, the plows of each row being placed in' a reversed position relatively to the plows of the preceding row, means for supporting and movin the chain, and means for supplying a corro ing-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

9. In apparatus for making whlte lead or similar products, the combination of acorroding-chamber, a series of overlapping shelves placed one above another, means for supplying comminuted lead to the uppermost shelf, means for stirring the lead and'adsee, 196

' 'vancing it over said shelves at a rate materially slower than the movement of the stirring means and causing it to drop from shelf to shelf, and means for supplying corrodinggas to said chamber, substantlally as set forth.

10. In ap aratus for making white lead or similar PIOL ucts, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a series of overlap ing shelves placed one above another, a ciain adapted to move over said shelves successively, a series of stirrers attached to said chain and adapted to stir the lead and move it forward on said shelves at a rate slower than the movements of the stirrers, and cause it to drop from shelf to shelf and means for supporting and moving the chain, and means for supplying corroding-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

11. In ap a-ratus for making White lead-or similar ro ucts, the combination of a corroding-c amber, a series of overlap ing shelves placed one above another, a c ain ada tedto move over said shelves successive y, a plurality of plows consecutively arranged with relation to their path of movement in the corroding-cha-mber and adapted to turn the lead over and feed it forward on the said shelves and cause it to drop from shelf to shelf the lows being attached to said chain and placed alternately in reversed positions, means for'supporting and movin the chain, and means for supplying a corro inggas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

12. In apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a series of overlapping shelves placed one above another, a chain adapted to move over said shelves successively, one of more rows of plows consecutively arranged with relation to their path of movement in the corroding-chamber and adapted to turn the lead over and feed it forward on the said shelves and cause it to drop from shelf toshelf, the rows of plows being attached to said chain, and placed alternately in reversed positions, means for supporting and moving the chain, and means for supplying a corroding-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

13. In apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a series of overlapping floors or shelves placed one above another, an endless chain adapted to move over said floors or shelves successively, the chain being provided with a series of cross-rods, a row of plows pivoted to each cross-rod, means for supporting and moving the chain and means for supplying a corroding-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

14. In apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a series of overlapping each cross-rod, the plows of each row beingplaced in a reversed position relatively to the plows of the preceding row, means for support-ing and moving the chain and means for supplying a corroding-gas to said chamber,

substantially as set forth.

15. In apparatus for making White lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a support for the lead in said chamber, a series of stirrers adapted to stir the lead and to advance it through the said chamber at a rate slower than the movement of the stirrers, a chain to which the stirrers are attached, means for supporting and moving the chain, means for feeding cornminuted lead into said chamber automatically, and means for supplying the corrodinggas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

16. In apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a support for the lead in said chamber, a series of stirrers adapted to stir the lead and to slowly advance it through the said chamber, a chain to which the stirrers are attached, means for supporting and moving the chain, means for feedingcornminuted lead into said chamber automatically, automatic means for supplying a hmited amount of moisture to the lead in said chamber, and means for supplying the corroding gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

17. In apparatus for making white lead and similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a support for the lead in said chamber, a plurality of stirrers consecutively arranged with relation to their path of movement. in the corroding-chamber and adapted to stir the lead and move it through the said chamber at a rate slower than the movement of the stirrers, an endless chain to which the stirrers are attached, means for supporting and moving the chain, means for automatically feeding the lead into said chamber, said means being operated by an endless chain, and means for supplying a cor-' roding-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

18. In apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a support for the lead 1n said chamber, a plurality of stirrers consecutively arranged with relation to their path of movement in the corroding-chamber, and adapted to stir the lead and move it through the said chamber, an endless chain to which the stirrers are attached, means for supporting and moving the chain, automatic means for supplying a limited amount of moisture to the lead in said chamber, said means being operated by the endless chain, and means for supplying a corroding-gas to said chamber, substantially as set forth.

19. In an apparatus for making white lead or similar products, the combination of a corroding-chamber, a series of supports for the comminuted lead placed one above another in said chamber, an endless carrier adapted to move over said shelves successively, a series of stirrers attached to said carrier and adapted to stir the lead and move it in opposite directions on said shelves, said stirrers having inclined surfaces facing in opposite directions whereby each stirrer is-adapted to stir the lead while moving in opposite directions, means for supporting and moving said carrier, and means for supplying corrodinggas to said chamber, substantially as set orth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN w. BAILEY.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM S. BENNET, GEO. W. MILLS, Jr,

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