US829258A - Automatic and continuous film distillation apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

. No. 829258. PATENTBD AUG. 21; 1906.

' F. J. CLEM'ENGER.

AUTOMATIC AND CONTINUOUS FILM DISTILLATION.AP BARATU.

APPLIGATION FILED DEO.16,1903.

lll'llllll JII.llllll LIIIIIIIII fro ITED TA PATENT OFFICE. Y

FRANCIS J. GLEMENGER, or BEAUMONT, TEXAS. Auro nAT c AND-CONTINUOUS FILM VDISTILLATIOIN APPARATUS.

, Patented Au 21,1906.

Application filed December 16, 1908- I Serial No. 185,424.

To all whom it may concern,- t

Be it known that I, FRANCIS J. CLEMENGER,

-a citizen of 'the United States, residing at Beaumont, in the county-of" Jefferson, State of Texas, have invented certain new and usel his invention relates to an automatic and continuousfilm distillation apparatus, and

particularly to an apparatus designed to separate the distilled-products according to their different volatility. The invention has for an object to provide a construction embod 'ng an independent heating means by whic a film of oil may be subjected to different degrees of heat and the volatilized products conducted therefrom to a collector or separator from which these vapplrs are condensed according to their volati 't Tiie invention has for a further object to provide independent heating-chambers com municating with a single source of heat, whereby the products of combustion from the secondary chamber are conducted to the primary chamber, thereby maintaining in the primary chamber a lower degree of heat than in the secondary chamber, so that the prod-v ucts discharged from the primary chamber will be subjected to a greater heat upon their entrance into the secondary chamber.

Another object of the invention is to rovide means for comminuting the materia before its introduction into the heating-chambers and alsoan improved apparatus for effectually separating vapors into distillates relative to their volatility.

Other and further objects and advantagesof the invention will be hereinafter set forth and thenovel features thereof defined by the .appended claims.

. view of the separator on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Like. letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures of the drawings. The letter A designates a pump of any desired construction by which the iquid to be distilled is forced into the cylinder A, interiorly provided with a body of reticulated '-material A such as fine-wire. netting, which surrounds the dperforated inlet-pipe A by which a heate medium is introduced into .the cylinder A such as ordinary or super heated steam or other suitable gas-for instance, any products of combustion. .The

cylinder A constitutes a comminuter by which the liquid passing therethrou h becomes finely divided and is changed om a. solid liquid form to an extremely finely divided froth. This froth is discharged from the comminuter through the-pipe A, which extends within the primary heatin -chamber B and is therein suitabl pe orated. This heating-chamber is provi ed with'a series of pipes or flues B, through which the roducts of combustion passing to the stack 2 are adapted to pass and are reversed in direction by means of the baffle-plates B, B, and B disposed at the opposite ends of the heating-chamber, as shown in the drawings. The upper portion of this chamber is also provided with a dome B, from which the conducting-pipe B extends. At the lower portion of the heating-chamber a trap ed con ducting- 'pe B is provided, by whicli the liquid whic is not vaporized in the first chamber may be conducted to a second chamber C, which is provided with a fire-box C, and being the first still to be heated bythe products of combustion maintains a. higher tern} perature' than the chamber B. The dis-.

chargeepipe B from the chamber B extends within the chamber C and is perforated, as .at B, for the purpose of discharging the liquid upon the heated flues C through which the products of combustion from the fire-box C are adapted to pass. The products are directed in opposite directions through the flues by means of bathe-plates C and C and finally discharged into the inner portion of resistin plates D, supported upon lugs from p Ids IIO

the wa s of the separator to permit passage X ferent specific volatility or gravity are adapt-' ed to be removed therefrom-by condensingcoilsE, E, and E communicating at different points in the height of the separator and discharging into the tanks F, F, and F respectively. Each coil has a portion of its length extended through the condensing-1 chamber E It will thus be seen that the entire operation is continuous and automatic, thus effecting a great saving of time and labor, while the products produced are superior tothe result of the ordinary processes or methods, andthe capacity of the apparatus is very largely increased, while the fuel consumed is correspondingly decreased. -It willbe seen that the liquid in its finely-divided condition is passed to .the primary heating-chamber therevaporized as a'filmby slowly'flowing over-heated pipes-therein, so that the gases of one specific volatility maybe con-' ducted directlyttherefrom-to the upper por-v tion of the separator, while the heavier liquids not vaporized-in the primary heating chamber are carried to the secondaryheating-chamber, Where a greater degree. of heat is applied and the vaporized portions-conductedttherefromto-the lowerportion of the separator. portion of the liquid then escapes from the secondary chamber.

Owing to the temperature prevailing in the separator or column D, which is regulated'by the dampers D the gasolene vapors are constantly ascending in the separator and escape fromthe upper condensing pi e E. The vaj pors which succeed the gaso enein boilingpoint are of less volatility relativel to the temperature of the separator an escape therefrom through the condensing-pipe E.

Referring to the apparatus shown, in which a continuous and automatic distillation is secured, the still B receives the crude oil from the comminuter A at a density of 20 Baum, (Texas crude.) In passing through still B the light hydrocarbons are volatilized,

and the vapors therefromissue through pipe B into the separator D, where the-tempera ture isso regulated that the vapors do not fall below the second plate D from the to The oil in still ,B being deprived of'its lig t constituents is reduced toa density of 22 'Baum and'flows atthis stage through-thev connection B into the still'C. 'The stronger I 'rator The remaining heavy and viscous fire'beneath this still causes the heavier oils vto-be evaporated therein, and-they are carried through the connecting-pipe G into the separator 'Dat a lower point than the products of the first still. When the vapors from a single still are conducted directly to a condenser, an uneven distillate is secured, as in the most careful adjustment of the temperature in the still the vapors therefrom vary in character and density, dependent upon the variation in the temperature and also upon the character of oil introduced. 'Under these conditions all of the vapors are conducted to one condenser, giving an unsatisfactory product; In order to avoid this, the separator D is provided, and the conductingpipe B discharges thereinto.below the top, so that the lightest or gasolene vapors ascend to the condensing-pipe E, while the heavier 1 vapors lie below the point of introduction of the pipe and are adapted to pass from the condensing-pipe E. In the continuous process' the oil from which the lighter vapors have higher. temperature, and the vapors from this still also vary in density, so that the lighter ones therefrom ascend and commingle or contact with the heavier vapors-from the first still,both-of which are of approximatelythe same density and are conducted through the condensing-pipe E, while the heavier vapors from this latter still will .be removed by the condensing-pipe E This operation is effectually secured by the proper regulation of the temperature of the separator, which conbeen extracted passes to the second still at a trols the vapors therein, while the resistingplates prevents eneral commingling and contamination oft e gases within the sepa- This latter result is also obviated to a large extent by thelcontinued passage from the separator through the different condensng-pipes, so that there is a moving current of vapors-within the separator during the operation of the stills. There is also some degree of condensation in the conducting-pipes and upon theplates D within the separator,

theproducts of-which-fall as a liquid to the bottom of'the separator and are conducted therefrom by the pipe E The use of this separator effects a continuous distillation with a better rectification of the different products and with the use of a materially smaller quantity ofchemicals than are usually necessary in the manufacture ofthe different distillates. I

While the apparatus is particularly adapted for the distillation of petroleum-oil and similar liquids, still it is designed for use with any character of liquid.

Having now described my invention and set forth its merits, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a distilling apparatus, a primary heating-chamber, a secondary heating-cham-- ber-subjected to a different temperaturefrom the primary chamber and receiving the liquid product therefrom, a separator, a chamber surrounding said separator, inde endent conducting-pipes from each of said eatingehambers connected with. the separator at different points, and a series of condensingpipes connected with said separator at differ ent points in its height.

2. In a distilling apparatus, a rimary heating-chamber and a secondary heating chamber separate from each other and connected by a heat-passage, a fire-box beneath the secondary chamber, means for introdu'eing. material into the primary chamber, means for conducting material from the primary to the secondary chamber, meansfor removin unvaporized material from the secondary c amber, a separator, a communicating passage from each of the heating-chambers with the separator, and condensingpipes communicating with said separator.

3. In a distillation apparatus, a primary heating-chamber and a secondary heating chamber separate from each other and connected by a heat-passage, a fire-box beneath the secondary chamber, means for introducing material into the primary chamber,

means for conducting material from the pri- 'm ary to the secondary chamber, means for removinglunvaporized material from the secondary c amber, a separator, a communicating passage from each of the heating-chambers with the separator, and condensingpipes communicating with said separator at different points in its height. I

. 4. In a distillation apparatus, a primary heating-chamber and a secondary heatingchamber separate from eachother and connected by a heat-passage, a fire-box beneath the secondary chamber, means for introducing material into the primary chamber, means for conducting material from the primary to the secondary chamber, means for removinglunvaporized material from the secondary c amber, a se arator, a communicating passage from eac of the heating-chambers with the separator, condensingipes communicating withsaid separator at different points in its height, and inde endent collecting-receptacles for each of t e condensing-pipes. I

5. In a distillation apparatus, a rimary heating-chamber and a secondary eatingchamber separate from each other and connected by a heat-passage, a fire-box beneath the secondar chamber, means for introducing materia into the primary chamber, means for conducting material from the primary to the secondary chamber, means for removing unvaporized material from. the secondary chamber, a separator, a communieat ing passage from each of said chambers withv the separator, condensing-pipes communieating with said separator at different points in its height, independent collecting recepta- 6 5 chamber separate from each other and connected by a heat-passage, a fire-box beneath the secondary chamber, means for introducing material into the primary chamber, means for conducting materialfrom the primary to the secondary chamber, means for removin unvaporized material from the sec ondary c amber, a separator, a communicating passage from each of said heating-chambers with said separator, condensing-pipes communicating with said separator at different points in its height, independent collecting-receptaeles for each of the condensingpipes, an air-chamber surrounding said separator and provided with air-inlets at different points in its height, and resisting-plates disposed one above another and supported'by lugs extending inward from the walls of the separator.

7. In a distillation apparatus, a plurality of heating-chambers, a separator communieating with the upper portions thereof to receive'the vapors therefrom, a series of superposed resisting-plates supported within said separator, and a series of condensing-pipes disposed at different points in the height of the separator.

8. Ina distlllation' apparatus, a plurality of heating-chambers, a separator communicating with the upper portions thereof to re ceive the vapors therefrom, a series of superposed resisting-plates supported within said separator, a series of condensing-pipes d sposed at different points in the height of sa d separator, an air-jacket surrounding said separator, and air-inlets therein for varying the temperature within said jacket.

9. In a distillation apparatus, a primary heating-chamberhaving a series of flues, a

pipe disposed within the same to discharge upon the flues, a secondary heating-chamber provided with a series of flues, a pipe disposed therein to discharge a feed of oil upon said flues, a trapped connection between the lower portion of the primary chamber and the pipe within the secondary chamber, a col- IIO looting-chamber, and independent means for conducting gas from each heating-chamber to different points in the height ofsaid colleeting chamber.

10. In a distillation apparatus, a primary heating-chamber having a series of flues, a pipe disposed within the same to discharge upon said flues, asecondary heating-chamber provided with a series of flues, a pi e disposed therein to discharge a film of oi upon said flues, a trapped connection between the lower portion of the primary chaniber and her to different points in the height of said the pipe within the secondary chamber, a collecting-chamber. 4 1o commmuter rovided with a body of reticu- In testimony whereof I'a'flix my signature lated materia therein through which the liqin presence of two witnesses.

5 uid to be vaporized is passed before its env FRANCIS J. CLEMENGERQ trance into the primary heating-chamber, Witnesses: p

I a co1lecting-chamber,andindependentmeans FELIX CHARLES TH'IELE,

for conducting gas from each heating-cham- H E. SMITH;

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